Manuscript Volumes Research Articles

Imaginary Controversists: Abraham Gómez Silveyra and the Theologians of the Huguenot Exile

In the Huguenot refugee community in The Netherlands, known as a hotbed of the early Enlightenment, literary interest in Judaism was ubiquitous, yet actual Dutch Jews were relegated to a marginal position in the exchange of ideas. It is this paradoxical experience of cultural participation and social exclusion that a major unpublished source allows to depict. The ex-converso Abraham Gómez Silveyra (1651–1741), a merchant endowed with rabbinic education and proficiency in French, composed eight manuscript volumes of theological reflections in Spanish literary prose and poetry. This huge clandestine series, which survives in three copies, shows the author’s insatiable curiosity for Christian thought. While rebutting Isaac Jacquelot’s missionary activity, he fraternizes with Pierre Jurieu’s millenarianism, Jacques Basnage’s historiography, and Pierre Bayle’s plea for religious freedom. Gómez Silveyra, however, being painfully aware of his voicelessness in the public sphere, enacts Bayle’s utopian project as a closed performance for a Jewish audience.

A First Reading of the Anhui University Bamboo-Slip Shi Jing

Abstract In September, 2019, Anhui University published the first volume of Warring States bamboo-slip manuscripts in its collection. The bamboo slips were purchased by the university in 2015 on the antique market. This volume contains ninety-three slips that correspond with all of or portions of fifty-seven poems in the Guo feng 國風 (Airs of the States) section of the Shi jing 詩經 (Classic of Poetry). The manuscript is written in the script of the ancient state of Chu 楚, and thus presumably was robbed from a tomb somewhere in the territory of that state. This preliminary study of the manuscript presents close readings of six representative poems, comparing the versions in the manuscript with those of the received text. It concludes with consideration of how to understand the textual variants apparent in the manuscript, and also the significance of the manuscript for the composition and especially the transmission of the Shi jing in the pre-Qin period.

Pulcre et leviter? O przemocy wobec żon i o próbach jej ograniczania w kościelnych źródłach sądowych XV w.

Pulcre et leviter? On violence against wives and attempts to limit it in ecclesiastical court sources from the fifteenth century The article tackles questions relating to marital violence in the Middle Ages. The author points to the fact that in this period a definition of violence of a husband against his wife — if anyone had tried to formulate it — would have sounded different from today’s definition. A man responsible for the woman entrusted to him had to watch her behaviour, instruct her, chasten her and sometimes even use a rod. All this was to be done for the benefit of the woman, who — commonly believed at the time to be more flighty than the man and prone to giving in to evil influences — could, by acting badly, lose her limited chances for salvation. Examples from both the medieval literature and sermons clearly show that wives were supposed to be subordinated to the authority of their husbands, to listen to them and be humble as well as submissive. However, the sources in question speak with the voice of men — the author, on the other hand, asks about sources in which it is possible to hear at least echoes of the voices of women themselves. Her search has led her to an analysis of court records of the Late Middle Ages — sources that are underexplored in historiography. In the article the author analyses eleven oldest volumes of manuscripts left by the Poznań episcopal official (from 1404–1428, kept in the Archdiocesan Archives in Poznań), who on behalf of the diocesan bishop judged marital cases as part of his jurisdiction. Among the 708 individual suits the author has indicated 58 cases in which the court tried to resolve the problem of excessive violence in relationships. In all cases the matter did not concern ordinary punishments for wives — which were accepted at the time both by the law and the public opinion — but serious beating often putting the life of the woman at risk (less so the life of the man at risk, for example, of poisoning). The author presents a large group of cases — she points to the reasons why they were brought before the episcopal official, their number in comparison with other marital problems and, finally, judgement formulas used in these special cases by the Poznań consistory

The Album of the Archconfraternity of the Blessed Sacrament and Five Wounds of Our Lord Jesus Christ at the Corpus Christi Church in Krakow. A Gem of Old Polish Sacred Art and an Invaluable Historical Source

The Album of the Archconfraternity of the Blessed Sacrament and Five Wounds of Our Lord ff Jesus Christ at Kazimierz in Krakow was made in the 17th century, but its oldest section duplicates the contents of an earlier catalogue comprising entries from 1551–1612. The album is a large-sized manuscript volume, an original and ambitious work, a gem of the Old Polish sacred art, a genuine document of several cultural epochs and an invaluable historical source. However, to date it has been largely ignored by researchers, although it has been referred to and used as a source on multiple occasions in studies on the Corpus Christi Church and the history and resources of the monastic archive. The album had a representative function, and the very act of opening. its pages must have evoked excitement as the book was beautifully executed. In its form, shape, and artwork, it resembles lavishly decorated Mediaeval and Renaissance codices. Many of its sheets are in fact whole-page paintings with figural scenes; it also features impressive floral and heraldic elements as well as initials. Despite the passage of four centuries since its inception, it is still in use, and has therefore become a link between the past and the present. Its scholarly, cognitive and application-related value was noticed by researchers only in the early 20th century. It was Rev. Józef Augustyn Błachut, author of the first modern monograph of the monastery, published in 1905, who introduced the album into scholarly circulation. Today, it is one of the most frequently consulted sources in the archive of the monastery, drawing attention of historians, art historians, culture historians and religious geography historians, but also culture enthusiasts who visit the monastery and its library. It is a remarkable memorial of cultural heritage of the nation and the Church, and a source to be used inresearch on Poland’s religious life, population mobility, reception and transmission of ideas, cultural exchange, ties of the monastery with its surroundings; it provides research data for studies on the demography, system of government, culture and infrastructure of Kazimierz and the entire Krakow urban area.

Texts and Readers in the Age of Marvell. Edited by Christopher D’Addario and Matthew C. Augustine. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2018. Pp. xiv+255.

<i>Texts and Readers in the Age of Marvell</i>. Edited by Christopher D’Addario and Matthew C. Augustine. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2018. Pp. xiv+255.

El &lt;em&gt;Necrologio&lt;/em&gt; del padre eixidor: dispersión y reubicación del patrimonio bibliográfico de los dominicos valencianos durante los siglos XIX y XX

Se estudian los avatares sufridos por el patrimonio bibliográfico de los dominicos valencianos durante los siglos XIX y XX a partir del seguimiento de cada uno de los cuatro volúmenes manuscritos del Necrologio del padre Teixidor: su primitiva ubicación en la librería del convento de Predicadores de Valencia, su traslado a las Baleares en la época napoleónica, su diverso destino en el periodo desamortizador, el retorno de varios volúmenes a manos de los religiosos tras la Restauración y las nuevas incautaciones y reubicaciones producidas durante y después de la guerra civil española.

Karlštejn Castle as ‘Bergungsdepot’ for the Historical Collections of the Land and University Library in Prague at the End of the Second World War

Abstract The article covers the history of the former Land and University Library in Prague (now the National Library) between 1939 and 1945. The activities of the library were to be supervised by a German commissioner appointed in 1940 – Josef Becker, First Director of the Prussian State Library. As his duties kept him primarily in Berlin, he appointed the younger Berlin bibliologist Carl Wehmer as his permanent deputy in Prague. Although their main task was clearly the Germanisation of the library, one cannot deny that they deserve some credit, for example for increasing the staff level of the institution. Yet their main merit lies in that many of the library collections seized by the Gestapo and other bodies were not shredded but taken to the Clementinum, the seat of the library. From 1943, they organised the evacuation of book collections to places outside of Prague, which was threatened by air raids. The transport was supervised by Emma Urbánková, the head of the department of manuscripts. Approximately 12,000 volumes of medieval manuscripts and printed Bohemica of the 16th–19th centuries were evacuated to Karlštejn Castle in wooden crates. They included the library’s most valuable manuscript – the Codex Vyssegradensis, a coronation evangeliary from the 11th century. At the castle, they were deposited in the Burgrave’s House as well as directly in the famous Chapel of the Holy Cross. The massive Zlatá Koruna (Golden Crown) monastery and the châteaux in Pohled and Horažďovice also served as depositaries for the book collections. By the beginning of 1945, a total of 582,000 volumes had been sent to these three premises. They included many historical book collections. The paper is accompanied by recently discovered photographs documenting the course of the book evacuation.

From the Editor

I hope you will enjoy reading this 12th edition of the BSPD Clinical Effectiveness Bulletin and find it interesting and relevant to your daily practice. The Bulletin aims to highlight best practice in oral health care for children and share novel ways of delivering this care. This year we received 33 articles for consideration. Due to the volume of high-quality manuscripts submitted from primary, secondary and tertiary care, we prioritised those with multiple cycles and which covered novel topics. I would like to take this opportunity to thank all the authors who took the time to submit their articles for consideration as well as the reviewers for their time and expertise: Lucy Brown, Abs Casaus, Carly Dixon, Fiona Hogg, Sophie Hughes, Kathryn Jorgenson, Jenny Lawson, Sophie Marshall, Fiona Noble, Ayesha Patel, Maalini Patel, Lucy Ridsdale, Dan Sisson, Cheryl Somani, Oliver Sumner, Sharmila Surendran and Greig Taylor. Sadly, this is my last year on the Clinical Effectiveness Bulletin editorial committee. Over the past 7 years, I have seen the Bulletin develop into the publication we have today and I am sure this evolution will continue in the hands of the new editor, Chris Vernazza. I would like to wish Chris along with Helen Rogers, who is continuing as assistant editor, the very best for the future and extend special thanks to them for their invaluable help, support and enthusiasm during my editorship.

Diane J. Reilly, The Cistercian Reform and the Art of the Book in Twelfth-Century France. Knowledge Communities. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018, 230; 16 color plates.

This volume contributes to our understanding of the liturgical and mental world of the early Cistercian monks and to the oral and aural community associated &lt;?page nr="398"?&gt;with early Cîteaux. Its title may be a misnomer for it is not about “Reform” per se or really about the art of the book (in the sense used by most specialists on the medieval book), but about the early liturgical practices at the new monastery that came to be called Cîteaux and about illustrations or illuminations of a limited number of manuscript volumes produced at Citeaux and preserved in the Dijon municipal library.

Illuminating the Page in Transylvania Around 1500. The First Contact/Enluminer la page en Transylvanie vers 1500. Le premier contact

The purpose of this paper is to make an introductory presentation of the existing information regarding the decoration of the manuscript book in Transylvania at the end of the Middle Ages. At the same time, the author suggests a series of connections between apparently disparate data and proposes the identification of a group of works that seem to belong to the same artist. This “Vigiliale group” comprises three manuscript volumes of liturgical content, but also a papal indulgence, probably decorated in Braşov around 1500. This fact, along with other forms of decorations in various places within Transylvania, in addition to documentary information, shows a surprisingly intense activity of book and charter illumination in Transylvania in the decades before the Protestant Reformation.

"Galanteo de mozo e moza", romance en lengua gallega (séc. XVIII). Edición y estudio

The aim of this contribution is to bring to light a poetic composition (romance) written in the Galician language in the 18th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, the text was reported, but not published, and had been missing until recently. It is part of the manuscript volume Ocios poeticos ..., a compilation of Father Feijoo’s literary papers, mostly poetic compositions of the Benedictine sage, gathered after his death. Among the objectives, it is also to discuss the arguments as regards the possible authorship and dating of the text, which comes to increase the diminished tradition of writing in Galician during the “seculos escuros” (the “dark centuries”: 16th -18th centuries). The paper presents an editing of the text and studies its language, both intrinsically and by comparison with that of the other authors of the period called Middle Galician, taking as basis the Gondomar corpus, recently opened to public consultation. We place it in the context of continuity between medieval tradition and modern results, in a perspective of variation that always combines the diachronic with the diatopic vision. The analysis of the lexicon has also allowed us to highlight on some aspects which may be interesting for the history of Galician culture. The conclusion of the current study is that the text does not belong to Father Feijoo, who should have only intervened only in the final linguistic note and, perhaps, in the marginal glosses. As regards the dating, we have placed it provisionally in the middle of the 18th century.

Manuscript Fragments in the University Library, Leipzig: Types and Cataloguing Patterns

Fragments constitute a major part of the holdings of the the University Library of Leipzig (UBL), with some 800 loose fragments, at least 600 fragments in situ in incunabula, and an unknown number bound in manuscript volumes and sixteenth-eighteenth century prints. Over a series of projects working with detached and in situ fragments, the Leipzig Manuscript Centre developed a description scheme for manuscript fragments in its collection. A Fragmentarium case study provided the opportunity to test this scheme for its efficiency in producing useful information for specialists. As a result, in 2017 the case study published on Fragmentarium over 250 fragments with description, including some scholarly significant finds that are already having an impact.

Instruments of statecraft: Humphrey Cole, Elizabethan economic policy and the rise of practical mathematics

ABSTRACTThis paper offers a re-interpretation of the development of practical mathematics in Elizabethan England, placing artisanal know-how and the materials of the discipline at the heart of analysis, and bringing attention to Tudor economic policy by way of historical context. A major new source for the early instrument trade is presented: a manuscript volume of Chancery Court documents c.1565–c.1603, containing details of a patent granting a monopoly on making and selling mathematical instruments, circa 1575, to an unnamed individual, identified here as the instrument maker Humphrey Cole. Drawing on economic and legal history, the paper argues that practical mathematics needs to be understood as one ‘project’ among many, at a time when monopoly patents were used to advance industry, lower unemployment, secure the realm and reward invention. Drawing on the history and sociology of technology, it argues that the management and control of materials – mathematical instruments themselves, and the local socio-legal context within which they could be made – needs to be understood as prior to and separate from the rhetoric of mathematical authors, which is of interest in its own right but which may not have a direct relationship to mathematical practice.

Keeping the light on - Nursing history center in Ceará - NUDIHMEn.

To share the implementation of the Center for Documentation, Information, History and Memory of Nursing in Ceará - NUDIHMEn and its achievements in caring for, producing and preserving the history and the memory of Nursing in Ceará. It is an experience report regarding the work carried out in NUDIHMEN from 2009 to 2017. The NUDIHMEn holds a database of 1,454 newspaper articles, mapped data of 35 manuscript volumes of the Ecclesiastical History of Ceará about Nursing precursors, in addition to 23 minutes books from the Fortaleza Santa Casa (1879 to 1970), documentation belonging to the São Vicente de Paulo Nursing School, 8 scanned minutes books from the UECE Nursing Course, among other research resources. The NUDIHMEn provides records on Nursing history in Ceará for knowledge, socialization and scientific production of the community concerned.

Of Trees, a Son, and Kingship: Recovering an Ancient Chinese Dream

The first volume of the Tsinghua University Warring States bamboo-strip manuscripts contains a text with passages that match medieval quotations of a text referred to asCheng Wu 程寤orAwakening at Cheng, which in turn is said to be a lost chapter of theYi Zhou Shu 逸周書orLeftover Zhou Documents. The passages concern one of Chinese literature's earliest interpretations of a dream, and were quoted in medieval encyclopedias in their sections on dreams. This article discusses the significance of this discovery both for Chinese textual history and for the interpretation of this particular dream. In particular, it shows that trees seen in the dream predict the Zhou conquest of Shang, and the subsequent Shang acquiescence to Zhou rule. It also notes that this discovery simultaneously confirms the antiquity of this text, but also calls into question the dominant traditional interpretation of the dream.

A discussion on “zhenren” in Chu bamboo and silk manuscripts

Di Qi is called Di Zhen in “ Tang zai Chimen” from the fifth volume of Tsinghua bamboo slip manuscripts. Di Zhen reminds us of Nü Tian in Chu silk manuscripts, which can be read as Nü Zhen, another name of Nü Wa. The world-creating god Nü Wa is called Nü Zhen because zhen ren seems to have enlarged its scope, from those who preserve their essence, or those who hold the Dao, to the Sage, the Perfect Man, and emperors. Di qi are also referred to as di zhen because they are the gods of earth. Moreover, Nü Zhen in the Chu Silk Manuscript also suggests its tendency to Daoism.

Artificial intelligence in peer review: How can evolutionary computation support journal editors?

With the volume of manuscripts submitted for publication growing every year, the deficiencies of peer review (e.g. long review times) are becoming more apparent. Editorial strategies, sets of guidelines designed to speed up the process and reduce editors’ workloads, are treated as trade secrets by publishing houses and are not shared publicly. To improve the effectiveness of their strategies, editors in small publishing groups are faced with undertaking an iterative trial-and-error approach. We show that Cartesian Genetic Programming, a nature-inspired evolutionary algorithm, can dramatically improve editorial strategies. The artificially evolved strategy reduced the duration of the peer review process by 30%, without increasing the pool of reviewers (in comparison to a typical human-developed strategy). Evolutionary computation has typically been used in technological processes or biological ecosystems. Our results demonstrate that genetic programs can improve real-world social systems that are usually much harder to understand and control than physical systems.

"Entre os artistas amigos o momento bom de ternura é o aparecimento de obra nova": O exercício da crítica literária na correspondência de Luís da Câmara Cascudo e Mário de Andrade (1924-1928)

The exchange of letters in the 1920s became an efficient way of divulgating original texts among the intellectuals linked to Brazilian modernist movement. The correspondence exchanged among the members of Modernism reveals that the sharing of original works came to be a constant practice. Mario de Andrade e Luis da Câmara Cascudo were among those writers that considered the circulation of original writings an encouragement to the exchange of ideas with their colleagues, as one confirms observing the great volume of manuscripts that they sent, received and commented. This paper discusses aspects related to the exercise of literary critique present in the letter exchange between Luis da Câmara Cascudo and Mario de Andrade in the period from 1924 to 1928.

So gornjegrajski rokopisni zvezki nastali na Kranjskem?

Gornjegrajski rokopisni zvezki – SI-Lnr, Ms 207, Ms 232, Ms 284 in Ms 285 – vsebujejo repertoar, ki je značilen za notranjeavstrijske glasbene vire. Tudi uporabljen papir je bil okoli leta 1600 v Notranji Avstriji močno razširjen, zato so gotovo tam tudi nastali. Še več, del rokopisa Ms 232 je mogel nastati na Kranjskem, kar nakazujeta zapisa aklamacij, v katerih je omenjen ljubljanski škof Tomaž Hren, in responzorij v slovenskem jeziku. Zaradi paleografskih značilnosti pa se zdi, da so tudi ostali trije zvezki nastali na Kranjskem, in sicer jih je domnevno prepisal Sebastian Kuglmann, pisar škofa Hrena.

To the History of Samara Desert-Nicholas Monastery Archive and Book Collections

The works by archimandrites Havriil (V. F. Rozanov) and Feodosiy (O. G. Makarevsky), historians A. O. Skalkovsky, D. I. Yavornitsky and V. O. Bidnov were the first documents on the history of the monastery (Novomoskovsk, Dnipropetrovsk Region). The monastery suffered from raids, fires, epidemics and robberies. The monastic archives were largely lost in the military operations. A lot of original documents didnʼt survive. The epidemic of 1750 did a great damage. The paper archive, infected things and monastery items were burned. The archive consisted of clerical documents, volumes of ancient laws, manuscripts and correspondence. The archive contained some other documents of great importance. They are so-called Universals, 11 statements with seals of Zaporizhian Sich Kosh (Leader) and priorsʼ complaints. The monastery archive contained manuscripts by the last Kosh Otaman (leader) − P. Kalnyshevsky. The archive included documents of state and local authorities and supreme church governing boards – reports, orders, decrees, warrants referring to the monastery property, inventories of monastery household items. A certain percentage of documents was correspondence among priors referring to internal discipline and economic life of the monastery. The names of famous visitors of the monastery are known: archimandrites Havriil and Feodosiy, A. O. Skalkovsky, A. P. Chirkov, P. M. Sochinskiy, V. D. Mashukov, D. I. Yavornitsky and V. O. Bidnov. They worked with documents and left published articles, essays and reviews. Except manuscripts the monastery had printed editions. The monastery library kept 150 liturgical books of Kyiv and Moscow publishing of the 17th − 18th centuries. Six printed books from Samara Desert-Nicholas Monastery are kept in Dnipropetrovsk National Historical Museum. The library collection of the 19th century was quite big. The research of the archive and the library of the monastery give an opportunity to highlight some of the unknown facts on library science and find rare editions of Ukrainian culture heritage.