Videotext Systems Research Articles

ДИДАКТИЧНІ ПРИНЦИПИ ВИХОВАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ УЧНІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ

The article deals with the problem of formation of the informational culture of primary school pupils. The theoretical and methodological foundations of formation of the informational culture of pupils at studying of educational disciplines are described. The main, most important principles of constructing the didactic system of informational preparation of junior schoolchildren are formulated. The important components of computer literacy of primary school pupils are characterized. The complex of rules for the teacher’s leadership formation of informational behavior of pupils are developed. Defined organizational forms, methods and means of teaching pupils of primary school in the system of formation of the information culture in the conditions of information Internet environment. It is important for the teacher to be able to use intelligent information technologies (databases, knowledge bases, systems of artificial intelligence, in particular expert systems, video-text systems, telematics, information and other means of storage, processing, transmission and presentation of information). At the same time, it is essential to have the ability to organize, systematize, structure data and knowledge, understanding the essence of information modeling, the ways of presenting data and knowledge. In the educational process for the development in the pupils of primary school of information competence, it is important to consider such didactic principles as the principle of availability, the principle of continuity and systemicity, the principle of reliance on the positive, the principle of humanization, the principle of integration of disciplines of the natural and humanitarian cycles. Propedeutics of information culture is oriented on the development of cognitive activity of pupils and their creative potential, aimed at forming the flexibility and criticality of thinking, promoting the ability to think in categories, separating the main thing from minor, analyzing the situation and drawing conclusions, developing their objective and abstract components.

The Formative Evaluation of a University Videotext System

The Formative Evaluation of a University Videotext System

The future eTourism intermediaries

Hitherto, the travel distribution role has been performed by traditional outgoing travel agents , tour operators and incoming travel agencies. They were supported by computer reservation systems, global distribution systems (GDSs) or tour operators’ videotext systems (or leisure travel networks). These traditional electronic tourism intermediaries (eMediaries), particularly GDSs, progressively consolidated their position. The Internet created the conditions for the emergence of new eMediaries, based on three ePlatforms, namely the Internet, interactive digital television and mobile devices. New eMediaries include a wide range of organisations including suppliers (e.g. airlines, hotels etc) selling direct on the Internet by allowing users to directly access their reservation systems; web-based travel agents; Internet portals and vortals, and auction sites. The expected proliferation of Digital TV and mCommerce will gradually intensify competition further. As a result, traditional eMediaries must reengineer their business processes in order to survive and remain competitive. This exploratory research identifies experts’ opinions on the future of both new and traditional eMediaries as well as the evolution of their business models.

Neural nets for real time analysis of cursive writing

The display of Arabic in videotext systems poses special problems because Arabic characters change shape depending on their context in a word. Thus, it is necessary to make a contextual analysis before the Arabic characters are displayed. This analysis can cause a loss of characters in some constraining conditions of display time. This is the case with the videotext service governed by the Télétel Standard norm (Teletel, 1986; Saboureau and Bouche, 1984, Guide pratique du videotex et du Minitel, CEDIC edition, Paris; Anne and Thiebault, 1990, Guide pratique du videotex, Eyrolles edition, Paris; Matri et al., 1990, Télématique, Techniques, Normes et services, Dunod edition, Paris), which makes use of the standard V23 for the transmission of characters (1200 bits/s 75 bits/s). Therefore, it is important to reduce the contextual analysis duration in display systems. In order to optimize this duration, we have elaborated upon a display system in which the architecture is based on the interconnection of neural networks (MacCulloch and Pitts, 1943, A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity, Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics 5, 115–133; Hebb, 1949, The organization of behaviour, Wiley, New York; Rosenblatt, 1958, The perceptron: a probabilistic model for information storage and organization in the brain, Psychological Review 65, 386–408; Rumelhart et al., 1986a, Learning internal representations by error propagation, in: Parallel Distributed Processing: Exploration in the Microstructure of Cognition, Vol. 1, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA). The latter have shown its effectiveness in may problems in real time such as the recognition of speed, artificial vision and motor control. Our system contains three neural multilayer nets (Rosenblatt, 1958, The perceptron: a probabilistic model for information storage and organization in the brain, Psychological Review 65, 386–408; Rumelhart et al., 1986a, Learning internal representations by error propagation, in: Parallel Distributed Processing: Exploration in the Microstructure of Cognition, Vol. 1, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA; Rumelhart et al., 1986b, Learning representations by back-propagating error, Nature 323, 533–536). The learning of the neural net uses the classic algorithm of error backpropagation (Rumelhart et al., 1986a, Learning internal representations by error propagation, in: Parallel Distributed Processing: Exploration in the Microstructure of Cognition, Vol. 1, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA; Rumelhart et al., 1986b, Learning representations by back-propagating error, Nature 323, 533–536; Pao, 1989, Adaptive pattern recognition and neural networks, Addison-Wesley, New York). When we used this system in a bilingual videotext emulator (Arabic/Latin) it yielded satisfactory results. However, it possesses the inconvenience of being specific to one set of Arabic characters.

96/04839 Technical report

The display of Arabic in videotext systems poses special problems because Arabic characters change shape depending on their context in a word. Thus, it is necessary to make a contextual analysis before the Arabic characters are displayed. This analysis can cause a loss of characters in some constraining conditions of display time. This is the case with the videotext service governed by the Télétel Standard norm (Teletel, 1986; Saboureau and Bouche, 1984, Guide pratique du videotex et du Minitel, CEDIC edition, Paris; Anne and Thiebault, 1990, Guide pratique du videotex, Eyrolles edition, Paris; Matri et al., 1990, Télématique, Techniques, Normes et services, Dunod edition, Paris), which makes use of the standard V23 for the transmission of characters (1200 bits/s 75 bits/s). Therefore, it is important to reduce the contextual analysis duration in display systems. In order to optimize this duration, we have elaborated upon a display system in which the architecture is based on the interconnection of neural networks (MacCulloch and Pitts, 1943, A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity, Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics 5, 115–133; Hebb, 1949, The organization of behaviour, Wiley, New York; Rosenblatt, 1958, The perceptron: a probabilistic model for information storage and organization in the brain, Psychological Review 65, 386–408; Rumelhart et al., 1986a, Learning internal representations by error propagation, in: Parallel Distributed Processing: Exploration in the Microstructure of Cognition, Vol. 1, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA). The latter have shown its effectiveness in may problems in real time such as the recognition of speed, artificial vision and motor control. Our system contains three neural multilayer nets (Rosenblatt, 1958, The perceptron: a probabilistic model for information storage and organization in the brain, Psychological Review 65, 386–408; Rumelhart et al., 1986a, Learning internal representations by error propagation, in: Parallel Distributed Processing: Exploration in the Microstructure of Cognition, Vol. 1, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA; Rumelhart et al., 1986b, Learning representations by back-propagating error, Nature 323, 533–536). The learning of the neural net uses the classic algorithm of error backpropagation (Rumelhart et al., 1986a, Learning internal representations by error propagation, in: Parallel Distributed Processing: Exploration in the Microstructure of Cognition, Vol. 1, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA; Rumelhart et al., 1986b, Learning representations by back-propagating error, Nature 323, 533–536; Pao, 1989, Adaptive pattern recognition and neural networks, Addison-Wesley, New York). When we used this system in a bilingual videotext emulator (Arabic/Latin) it yielded satisfactory results. However, it possesses the inconvenience of being specific to one set of Arabic characters.

A forecasting study on Chinese television development (1986 to 2001).

Given its widespread availability and impact on social values, television is expected to play an important role in China's modernization drive. Necessary to this process is a detailed analysis of the framework in which the technical aspects of television's development are related to political, economic, telecommunications, and social factors. To facilitate this analysis, a Delphi survey was conducted in 1986 as was a cross-impact analysis assisted by computer modelling. Entitled "Future Development of Chinese Television, 1986-2001," the Delphi survey sought to provide decision makers with operationally meaningful assistance in the form of information and analysis. The responses from experts suggested that, if economic growth can be sustained over the next 5 years, telecommunications development will receive top priority in state planning. Cross-impact analysis helps to clarify and promote better understanding of the complex relationships among future events and trends. This analysis tended to confirm the hypothesis that a nongovernmental television station is unlikely to emerge before 1991. Crucial to the success of any television policy (such as cable television service or videotext systems) is legislative support. The appearance of a nongovernmental television station would have a considerable impact on the private sector in China and lead to competition in programming quality, attracting audiences, and further commercialization. While the future development of Chinese television is dependent on economic factors such as purchasing power and the quality of life, its development can thus also be expected to exert a strong influence on economic life.

Transmission of Astronomical Data and Information by the A.F.A. Videotext System

Following the introduction of a videotext system in France using MINITEL terminals, the Association Française d’Astronomie organized an astronomical information service. This covers celestial and space events, location of the planets, lists of societies and clubs, bibliography, etc. A practical demonstration of the system in use was given.

Computer-Based Assessment of Cognitive Abilities: Current Status/Future Directions

Rapid advances in the computer industry and the concomitant knowledge explosion have created a revolution in the information handling electronics industry. The continued proliferation of computer technology in the educational environment appears inevitable. There seems to be little doubt that recent advances in educational technology will have important consequences for educational institutions at all levels during the coming decades. Students, teachers, and administrators alike have already come to rely on bibliographic and statistical data bases, automated dictionaries, micrographic storage and retrieval systems, and specialized interactive cable and videotext systems for information access. Despite the impact of computer technology in the school environment, guidelines for planning and developing useable software for assessing cognitive abilities has warranted little attention in educational literature. This article suggests that computer-based support systems are now available which could be instrumental in solving the problems associated with cognitive assessment.

Videotext technology: an overview with special reference to transaction processing as an interactive service or Everything you never wanted to know about text on TV and were terrified that someone would tell you

Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive overview of videotext technology with specific reference to transaction processing. Transaction processing is taken to include: banking, shopping, ticket booking and the downline loading of software. The overview characterizes the interactive transaction services offered by videotext systems. First, the hardware aspects of delivery of the information are considered including broadcast delivery and telephone and cable network delivery. Second, the software aspects of the construction of the information are discussed, including character and graphics (picture) generation. Last, the interactive services offered on videotext systems are reviewed, including transaction modes, dialogue types, task elements and user classification. Conclusions are drawn with respect to the suitability of videotext systems for different modes of transaction processing.

Information technology — A bibliography

This is a selective, annotated bibliography of 86 references on technological innovations that have had or are expected to have an impact on libraries. It generally covers references appearing in the late 1970s through 1980. Topics included are communications technology, computer conferencing and electronic mail, future technology for libraries, library automation, minicomputers and microcomputers, networks, online information retrieval and cataloging, paperless information systems and other publication alternatives, and Videotext systems and videodiscs.

Videoteks in Suid-Afrika Moontlike implikasies vir die koerantwese

ABSTRACT This article is an attempt to discuss videotext (VDT) within the context of South African mass media, and, in particular wants to trace the possible implications thereof for the newspaper industry. In the first place, the current development (up to August 1985) of BELTEL, the commercial name of the RSA's videotext system, as well as possible problems that this new medium may encounter, is reviewed. Thereafter attention is payed to the possible influence that VDT may have on conventional mass media, and in particular, the newspaper. The possible influence on the newspaper industry is investigated by paying attention to the advantages and disadvantages that videotext may hold for the management of newspapers, the editorial staff, and, the newspaper reader. Television is also briefly touched on in the discussion. In closing a few conclusions of speculative nature are offered.