Values Of Solidarity Research Articles

Civic Solidarity and Public Health Ethics

Is solidarity in bioethics or public health ethics necessary? If so, why? Is there room for a principle of obligatory solidarity in bioethics or in public health ethics? In the first part of this paper, I assess the meaning of the value of solidarity in ethics. In the second part, I propose insights into the republican interpretation of solidarity, or, more correctly, “civic” solidarity. This is crucial to be able to distinguish between different sources of, and justifications for, solidarity, some legitimate and some not legitimate. In the third part of the paper, I apply the republican concept of civic solidarity to the field of bioethics and public health ethics. This is intended to show how civic republicanism can correct both liberal deficiencies and communitarian excesses in bioethics. Civic solidarity is essential to finding this middle way. It is a key concept, considering the challenges that we face as citizens, health professionals and patients. Finally, the paper concludes with a summary and a plan for further research in this area.

Spiritual formation as an introductory approach to aspects of fluid modernism during the COVID 19 pandemic

The present study comes amid the consequences of COVID 19 which the world is undergoing. I consider this pandemic as the most important signpost of this fluid modernism and by Allah’s willing it would be the last aspect. All aspects of fluid modernism have been clearly shown during the pandemic and have evaded all aspects of human life. The criteria of values have been turned upside down since the nonsense has gained sense and uncertainty becomes the only certainty. This fact has made life frightful after the invasion of uncertainty and removal of spirituality, sacredness and religious certainty. This situation justifies the global anxiety in which the world is living in addition to the ambiguity that envelopes the true nature of COVID 19. The study has tried to foreground the most important aspects of fluid modernism and its consequences on individual and society as a whole. The study has adopted a critical reactionary approach to conclude that humanity today is in a critical need for a solid spiritual basis to conquer the fluid modernism. Conquering this modernity could not take place easily unless there is a spiritual formation based on sound religion and true religious teachings which would help found strong spirit that would afford Man the ability and capability to overcome crisis of fluid modernism and instill in her/ him values of solidarity and social support and spread the concept of tranquility. Keywords: spiritual formation, fluid modernism, the pandemic, spiritual values critical approach.

Estrategias de sensibilización del personal para el fortalecimiento del proceso educativo

La participación del personal en las instituciones educativas es un factor clave para el logro de los objetivos y metas que se plantean, así como para el desarrollo de una cultura organizacional que favorezca la integración, la comunicación, la confianza, la formación permanente y la calidad de la interacción. Se realizó un investigación de acción participativa que adoptó el paradigma sociocrítico, en el Liceo de Educación de Jóvenes, Adultas y Adultos Lagunita, ubicado en el municipio Rómulo Gallegos del estado Cojedes durante el período lectivo 2019-2020, con el objetivo de aplicar estrategias de sensibilización del personal para el fortalecimiento del proceso educativo institucional, en base a un diagnóstico previo que evidenció la apatía y el desinterés del personal para integrarse en las actividades propias de la institución. Esta experiencia se llevó a cabo en cuatro momentos investigativos: reflexión inicial sobre el contexto; sistematización y reflexión crítica; propuesta transformadora y su aplicación; y valoración de los logros. Las acciones realizadas en la aplicación de las diversas estrategias de sensibilización contribuyeron a crear y fortalecer vínculos de amistad entre el personal, lo que se tradujo en un ambiente de convivencia agradable y respetuoso entre los miembros de la institución, así como en un clima escolar propicio para la atención a la comunidad estudiantil y circundante, resaltando y fortaleciendo los valores de solidaridad, justicia y equidad.

Maximising impactful, locally relevant global mental health research conducted in low and middle income country settings: ethical considerations.

Background: Achieving ethical and meaningful mental health research in diverse global settings requires approaches to research design, conduct, and dissemination that prioritise a contextualised approach to impact and local relevance. Method: Through three case studies presented at the 2021 Global Forum on Bioethics in Research meeting on the ethical issues arising in research with people with mental health conditions, we consider the nuances to achieving ethical and meaningful mental health research in three diverse settings. The case studies include research with refugees Rwanda and Uganda; a neurodevelopmental cohort study in a low resource setting in India, and research with Syrian refugees displaced across the Middle East. Results: Key considerations highlighted across the case studies include how mental health is understood and experienced in diverse contexts to ensure respectful engagement with communities, and to inform the selection of contextually-appropriate and feasible research methods and tools to achieve meaningful data collection. Related to this is a need to consider how communities understand and engage with research to avoid therapeutic misconception, exacerbating stigma, or creating undue inducement for research participation, whilst also ensuring meaningful benefit for research participation. Central to achieving these is the meaningful integration of the views and perspectives of local stakeholders to inform research design, conduct, and legacy. The case studies foreground the potential tensions between meeting local community needs through the implementation of an intervention, and attaining standards of scientific rigor in research design and methods; and between adherence to procedural ethical requirements such as ethical review and documenting informed consent, and ethical practice through attention to the needs of the local research team. Conclusions: We conclude that engagement with how to achieve local relevance and social, practice, and academic impact offer productive ways for researchers to promote ethical research that prioritises values of solidarity, inclusion, and mutual respect.

Doing Justice to Solidarity: On the Moral Role of Mutual Support

The value of solidarity, which implies mutual concern and support, is often conveyed in our everyday moral and political language. But what is its conceptual relationship with justice? Influential positions in this debate may argue for the opposition between the two concepts: justice is impartial and universal, while solidarity is partial and limited. The present paper aims to shortly explore a range of theories that may exemplify possible answers to this position, from communitarian and realist views, which ultimately confirm the opposition, to political solidarities, which claim an instrumental need for solidarity as a reaction to injustices. Special attention will be paid to Habermas’s compatibilist account of solidarity as the “reverse side” of justice. The paper contends that a compelling answer should preserve the difference between the two spheres and the essential features of solidarity by also sketching a concept of solidarity as a social duty arising from our moral interdependence.

ВІДНОСИНИ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО СОЮЗУ ТА США ЗА УМОВ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ АГРЕСІЇ ПРОТИ УКРАЇНИ (2022 – ПОЧАТОК 2023 РР.)

The article is devoted to highlighting the problem of consolidating the position of the European Union and the United States in the context of the scaling of Russian aggression against Ukraine. The research is focused on the analysis of the peculiarities of the process of evolution of relations between the European Union and the United States regarding the development trends of the European and world security systems. The attempts of the Russian Federation and China to destroy the Euro-Atlantic unity of democratic states in order to create the prerequisites for the emergence of a «multipolar» system of international relations are shown. The methodological basis of the article rests on the principles of systematic research of the modern history of international relations. Historical-genetic, comparative, descriptive methods are used. The theoretical foundations of the article are the conceptual approaches of the theory of democratic peace (idealistic intentions to create a world safe for democracy) in discourse with the theory of neorealism in international relations. The scientific novelty of the study consists in monitoring the development trends of relations between the European Union and the United States under the crisis conditions of the formation of a «multipolar» system of international relations. Conclusions. Russian revanchism, aimed at revising the parameters of the world order after the Cold War, focused on the split between the EU and the USA. This was a prerequisite for achieving the desired result for the Kremlin. The closest the Russian Federation came to solving this problem was during the presidency of D. Trump. The pandemic gave the Kremlin reason to hope that Ukraine would not receive direct large-scale Western aid in the event of the escalation of aggression. This challenge has become essential for Euro-Atlantic liberal democracies. Faced with this trend, the Russian Federation chose the tactics of a war of attrition. This factor increased the value of Euro-Atlantic solidarity as a factor in the victory of democracy over authoritarianism.

Charitable Associations and the Formation of the Public Sphere in the Russian Empire in the 19th Century

The author recreates the life cycle of a charitable organization in Imperial Russia. It based on the materials of a wide range of sources, primarily documents of the records of charitable associations, their reports, charters, minutes of meetings, etc., as well as archival documents and periodical materials. The author makes an attempt to identify the specific features and peculiarities of voluntary charitable associations, to find out their role in the formation of the public sphere of Imperial Russia. The author comes to the conclusion that charitable associations played a significant role in the formation of the public sphere. By developing effective forms of social assistance they contributed to the formation of values of altruism and solidarity in society, in the development of ideas and principles of service to one's neighbor, as well as the consolidation of representatives of various social groups and professional communities around them. By helping the people of various social and professional status, consolidating professional communities on significant tasks, charitable associations contributed to the formation of elements of civil society within the “soslovnoye” society. They were a model of partnership between society and the state in solving social issues. In the absence of a state social security system in pre-revolutionary Russia, the emerging mechanism of social assistance turned out to be very viable.

Sobre a ideia e as limitações da solidariedade com os animais não humanos

Abstract As the concept of solidarity is receiving renewed attention in the face of global and domestic challenges in intra-human relations, it is also increasingly applied in the context of interspecies justice, where solidarity is sometimes declared a political goal. Given the arguments for the recognition of nonhuman animals as fully morally considerable beings, the longstanding view that solidarity can only obtain among humans is indeed due to be challenged. However, it is anything but obvious that those who care about the proper moral and political consideration of nonhuman animals should want to promote transspecies solidarity. In this paper, I examine the concept of solidarity for its fit with transspecies relations of support and consider the value of solidarity for the project of interspecies justice. I address some of the reasons for wanting to be able to apply the concept of solidarity to interspecies relations and reply to objections to the possibility of transspecies solidarity. I then discuss the shortcomings of solidarity. While the concept of solidarity has undeniable emotive appeal and solidaristic support for animals is an improvement not only over the absence of any support but also over support that “looks down” on animals, there are downsides to supporting animals in the mode of solidarity. The sense of identification that is at the core of solidarity fetishizes commonalities between the object of solidarity and the agent. A tendency to focus on commonalities cannot only make moral agents act in solidarity with animals, it can also set them up for moral failure - both when perceived commonalities encourage acts of support of lesser urgency and when perceived differences discourage support that would have been morally desirable. Consequently, it seems preferable that support for animals was based on considerations of justice alone rather than being extended in the mode of solidarity.2

АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ БАГАТОФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНИХШКІЛ-ІНТЕРНАТІВ У КОНТЕКСТІ СТРАТЕГІЇ ДЕІНСТИТУАЛІЗАЦІЇ

The article examines the problems of designing multifunctional boarding schools in the context of the de-institutionalization strategy, which involves a significant reduction in their number and a significant reorganization of space. The need for a significant revision of approaches to the design of alternative care facilities for children and their possible options is considered. A range of problems related to the design of multifunctional boarding schools in the context of the deinstitutionalization strategy is outlined, including the need for a significant change in the regulatory framework, and the creation of project concepts for a community-oriented institution of alternative care for children deprived of parental care. Two fundamental theoretical-practical directions, arising from the strategy of deinstitutionalization, are defined – inclusive and exclusive. Inclusive refers to a set of analytical and design measures aimed at placing care space within the framework of existing urban planning structures. Exclusive means a set of analytical and design measures related to the design of separate, relatively isolated structures, which will therefore require additional adaptation measures to the requirements of the deinstitutionalization strategy. As part of the exclusive direction, three aspects of the spatial organization are highlighted: communicational, personal, and developing. Communicative means project activity aimed at improving interaction within the children’s team, forming the values of trust, empathy, and solidarity. The personal aspect involves theoretical and practical efforts aimed at ensuring a sufficient amount of attention is given to a particular pupil and promoting the formation of his/her integral individuality. The developmental aspect largely depends on the previous two, has a more traditional character, and is aimed at the development of cognitive, educational, and competence skills.

Caring masculinities among working‐class men in blue‐collar occupations in the UK: Understanding biographies of care

AbstractResearch considering men, boys, and the concept of caring masculinities has proliferated in the last five years, although attention has predominantly been given to privileged men's practices of care in the private realm. In this article, we explore caring masculinities among working‐class men in the United Kingdom employed in blue‐collar work, highlighting the possibilities for transformation and change stemming from men in the margins. Drawing on narrative biographical interviews, we analyze in‐depth case studies from two men. Their biographies illustrate practices and an ethos of care interwoven throughout both paid‐work and other aspects of their lives, drawing attention to how caring dispositions are formed through histories of care throughout the lifecourse for working‐class men. We also consider how care can circulate in workplaces that have been considered “low on care”, and how these men draw on working‐class values of care and solidarity to challenge logics of capital at work.

Upacara Adat Gawai Suku Dayak Kalbar sebagai Kearifan Lokal dan Pembentuk Nilai Solidaritas

The traditional ceremony of the Dayak’s Gawai is a tradition passed down from generation to generation which is intended as an greeting to Jubata or The Creator. However, on the other hand, this gadget tradition forms the value of local wisdom and the value of solidarity. This article focuses on local wisdom that exists in West Kalimantan, especially the Gawai traditional ceremony of the Dayak tribe as forming the value of solidarity. The main discussion that the author wants to raise is the traditional Dayak’s Gawai ceremony being a good opportunity to pass on the local wisdom of the Dayak tribe, introduce Dayak culture to others and take the value of solidarity from the Dayak’s Gawai ceremony, observing as well as collecting data from various existing sources. The purpose of this paper is to dig deeper into the traditions that exist in the Dayak tribe, especially the Gawai Dayak tribe. The thing that was found after the author collected from various sources was that the Dayak tribe had many traditions handed down by their ancestors, especially here, namely the traditional Dayak’s Gawai ceremony as a form of solidarity value.

Nilai, Hambatan, dan Dampak Sosial dalam Prosesi Perkawinan Adat Sasak di Bayan Kabupaten Lombok Utara

This paper discusses the values, barriers, and social impacts of the Sasak Traditional Marriage Procession in Bayan, North Lombok Regency. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The theories used are value theory, cultural theory, and social theory. The research findings are (1) Values ??include: a) mutual cooperation values, b) kinship values, c) solidarity values, d) religious values, e) cultural values, f) spiritual values. (2) The social barriers to implementation the traditional Sasak wedding procession in Bayan, North Lombok include (1) Structural Barriers; which includes (a) differences in social stratification; (b) maintaining the status quo; (c) education level; (d) economic differences (2) Religious Barriers, and (3) Cultural Barriers consisting of (a) vested interests; (b) ethnocentric, (c) cultural differences in society, (d) conventional nature of society. (3) The Social impact of Sasak customary marriage in Bayan consists of (1) assigned status; (2) The existence of new social roles; (3) marginalization, (4) group disorganization; (5) acculturation; (6) decrease in social mobility; (7) cultural colonialization; (8) personality changes.

Between two worlds: Personal reflections from Slovenia and Spain on the Covid-19 pandemic

Abstract The global Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted the private, family, and professional lives of individuals worldwide. This article discusses its impact on constitutional values in Slovenia and Spain, drawing primarily on my personal experiences. In the past two years, individuals in both countries have suffered greatly due to the pandemic. Millions lost their lives, whereas many continue to suffer the long-term effects of Covid-19. Since the start of the pandemic, the constitutional values of coexistence, mutual respect, human dignity, freedom, and solidarity have been under stress in both societies. The Slovenian and Spanish authorities have employed various measures and restrictions to curtail the spread of the pandemic, some more successful than others. The statistical data illustrates that the pandemic has more affected Slovenian society than Spanish, based on Covid-19 deaths per million inhabitants. This article posits a hypothesis, based on personal experience and observation of both constitutional systems, that the understanding and implementation of constitutional values during the pandemic depended on each country’s traditions, culture, and customs. The article explores the reasons for such discrepancies between the two European countries. It submits that traditions, culture, and historical legacies have shaped the countries’ approaches to protecting constitutional values during the global Covid-19 pandemic.

Rural European population facing the challenges of global citizenship education

Supporting the creation of a critical citizen, with deeply rooted community values of solidarity and active compromise to the spread and development of those values, is making means believing in a better world in which no one can nor should feel excluded. Nevertheless, this is met with differing opinions. This study approaches attitudes towards Global Citizenship Education specifically though the framework of the population of rural Europeans who participated in the Rural DEAR Agenda ‒ EYD 2015 Project. In order to do, quantitative research was carried out based on a survey and questionnaire developed. The questionnaire focused on interest in international solidarity; for example, opinions and attitudes towards injustices suffered by impoverished countries, as well as opinions surrounding the possibility of changing this situation. The results obtained reveal a shocking reality in many ways relative to international solidarity and a low level of compromise regarding taking action to change the current situation.

THE RELEVANCE OF THE IDEOLOGICAL VALUES OF SURA MAGADA IN CONTEMPORARY CONTEXT

This article attempts to describe the relevance of Sura magada's ideology in the Banjar War of 1868 with the present context. This study uses a qualitative approach. The research data was extracted through text studies, documents, in-depth interviews and field studies in Banjar village. The data in this study were collected using various techniques to obtain the required data with quality, reliability, and validity. The technique of determining information in this study uses purposive sampling technique. The data in this study were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document studies. The results showed that the ideological values of Sura magada in the Banjar War of 1868 were (1) the value of heroism, (2) the value of leadership, (3) the value of courage, (4) the value of self-sacrifice, (5) the value of authority, (7) values of patriotism, (8) moral values, (9) values of solidarity, and (10) religious values that are very relevant to be guided and become principles of life in various activities today. This research shows that the actions and behavior of Griya Gede Banjar and the Banjar people are inspired by the ideological values of Sura magada.

STRATEGI PEMERINTAH DAERAH GUNA MEWUJUDKAN NILAI-NILAI MULTIKULTURALISME DALAM PERSPEKTIF KETAHANAN WILAYAH (Studi Kasus Di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta)

Abstract – The values of multiculturalism in Indonesia were born along with the awareness of the nation’s children to expel the invaders from ths archipelago with the spirit of togetherness, sharing the same fate, and the desire to leave regional traits that have been proven unable to expel the invaders from this motherland. It ie from this spirit of togetherness rooted in diversity that brings the Indonesian people to gates of Indonesian. Independence, United, sovereign, just and prosperous. The spirit of multiculturalism values that are still being guided by all Indonesian people are the value of mutual respect, the value of mutual tplerance, the value of unity, the value of cooperation, and the value of solidarity that must be nurtured ang maintaied. The Special Region of Yogyakarta is part of the unity state of the Republic of Indonesia, which has an attarction for the Indonesian people themselves ang the world community to visit and get to know Yogyakarta up close. The city which is attached to the nickname as a city of culture, tourism city. And student city is supported by a culture of inhabitants who are always grateful and accept the nature that has been given by the Almighty, to the low cost of living. Yogyakarta has its own magnet as must-visit area ini Indonesia. The present of foreign culture ini Yogyakarta that is able to blend in with local culture ang grow and develop in the surrounding community, so it is not an exaggeration if Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X (Governor of DIY), said that “Yogyakarta is a miniatur of Indonesia”. The negative side of the presence of foreign culture to Ypgyakarta is the inability of local culture to blend in with the culture of immigants, which is precisely the diversity or plurality in Yogyakarta that can lead to conflict that lead to social unrest. Migrant communities who still bring the original culture of the region to Yogyakarta which may not necessarily be accept by culture of the people of Yogyakarta. There needs to be stategy from the Yogyakarta Regional Government in order to realize the values contained in Multiculturalism in the perspective of region resilience in Yogyakarta.

THE USE OF BADE TUMPANG SOLAS IN THE NGABEN CEREMONY IN PURI AGUNG PELIATAN, PELIATAN VILLAGE, UBUD DISTRICT, GIANYAR REGENCY

Pitra Yadnya means sacred offerings to pitra or ancestral spirits and includes living parents. There is a uniqueness in carrying out the Ngaben ceremony, especially in Peliatan Village, which lies in the use of Bade Tumpang Solas itself, Bade Tumpang Solas is very rarely found and only certain people use it. In particular, the following research aims to achieve are to find out how the procession of using Bade Tumpang Solas at Puri Agung Peliatan, to find out what is the meaning of the use of Bade Tumpang Solas in the Ngaben ceremony at Puri Agung Peliatan, to find out the socio-religious and aesthetic values in the use of Bade Tumpang Solas in the Ngaben ceremony at Puri Agung Peliatan. The data was analyzed using qualitative method. Data collection in this study used several techniques such as: Observation, Interview, Literature review, Documentation. The result of this study is that the process of ngaben starting from choosing the day, making Bade and PeMelaspasan (ceremony). The meaning of using Bade Tumpang Solas in the Ngaben ceremony at Puri Agung Peliatan is as a symbol of the mountain. The socio-religious and aesthetic values contained in the use of Bade Tumpang Solas are: Religious values, the value of social solidarity, and aesthetic values.

A LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE OF VALUES ON SANJAI SHOP SIGNS IN BUKITTINGGI AND AGAM

Sanjai is one of the typical foods in Bukittinggi. Sanjai is a type of cracker made from cassava which is thinly grated and then fried. Sanjai shops are very easy to find, ranging from small shops to large shops. One of the unique aspects of the Sanjai store is the values ​​contained in the names, labels, and symbols found on the shops’ sign. The expression of values ​​in names, labels and symbols is called the linguistic landscape of values. This research is an attempt to examine the value on the signboard of the Sanjai shop. The data of this research are the names, labels and symbols on the signboards of Sanjai shops in Bukittinggi and Agam. The research was conducted qualitatively. The data are collected by using observational method with recording and note taking techniques. Data analysis was carried out from the perspective of the linguistic landscape, namely the approach used to examine the landscape of language in public spaces. The data analysis of the research applied the referentional and pragmatic identity method (Sudaryanto, 2015). These analytical methods are used to identify and explore the values ​​contained in the names, labels and symbols on the Sanjai shop sign. Based on the results of data analysis, six values ​​were found, namely: economic value, identity value, religious value, power value, solidarity value and artistic value.

STUDI BUDAYA BATAK (Studi Kasus Budaya Batak Melalui Wisata di Tugu Siraja Nabarat, Tugu Manurung, Tugu Siagian, Tugu Sonakmalela, Makam Dr. IL. Nomensen dan Sisimangaradja XII)

This study reveals how the relationship between the establishment of the monument and the traditional belief system of the Toba Batak people who still believe in the existence of the spirits of their ancestors. The actualization of this belief is manifested in the construction of an ancestral monument which is considered an embodiment of respect for the descendants of the clan that founded it. To reveal these data, in this study the authors used qualitative research. The data in the field were obtained through participatory observation techniques, interviews, and literature studies. The purpose of this study was to reveal the background of the establishment of monuments in clan groups in Balige District, Toba Samosir Regency which represents the function and meaning of the erection of clan monuments in Balige District. Toba Samosir Regency also describes the organization and implementation of the case for the establishment of the Siraja Nababat, Manurung, Nommensen, Siagian, Sonakmalela and Sisimangaraja XII monuments in and analyzes the conception of the construction of the monument in the Toba Batak community. based on the conception of traditional beliefs that believe in the existence of their ancestral spirits in people's lives. The worship of ancestral spirits is manifested in the construction of monuments. This research was conducted in the Tourism Area in the City of Balige and Porsea – North Sumatra. The aims of this study include: (1) As a deeper learning material about the reasons why Batak Culture built the Tugu, and (2) To explore and promote the richness of culture, tradition, history in the Batak tribe. The results showed that (1) all visitors who came were very enthusiastic about the history of the construction of each existing monument, (2) the role of both local and foreign tourists had a positive impact on the community, namely the development of local community knowledge systems, the emergence of new livelihoods, getting to know language diversity, technological progress, the formation of social organizations, the emergence of the commercialization of hospitality, the shift in the value of solidarity in agriculture. Cultural tourism is a travel activity carried out by certain parties (a person or group of people) by visiting certain places with the aim of learning about cultural attractions or taking advantage of the cultural potential of the places visited.

Two-step Shapley-solidarity value for cooperative games with coalition structure

This paper proposes an alternative for the two-step Shapley value for cooperative games with coalition structure that has earlier been proposed by Kamijo. The value is based on the idea that within a union of players, worth should be distributed based on the solidarity principle. Specifically, we propose a two-step Shapley-solidarity value, in which the surplus of a union’s Shapley value in the quotient game is distributed equally among the union’s members, and players obtain the solidarity value of the respective subgame within their union. We provide an intuitive procedural characterization for this value and give three axiomatizations to pinpoint the differences to comparable values.