Vacancy Rates Research Articles

Exploration of Key Commercial Space Design Indicators in High-Rise Buildings

<p>建築物越蓋越高，是一個趨勢，高層建築內的商場空間，展示了一個時間軸，隨著時間的推移轉變，本研究的目的是採用德爾菲業界專家訪談後再行用層次分析法等開發競爭因素加強高層建築內商場空間在競爭激烈的零售市場的整體表現，提供商場經營者一個挑選商場空間設計者的關鍵指標。首先，參考相關文獻並與業界專家，學者和行業實踐者進行訪談，提出競爭力指數。其次，構建層次結構以這些細節索引，並將相對權重分配給每個維度和索引。最後，計算評估數據並檢查一致性測試。本研究採用十八個不同的績效指標來證明整體競爭力指標的有效性，測試表明整體競爭力指標具有較高的建設有效性。 </p> <p> </p><p>Green economy (GE) and sustainable development (SD) have a direct and long-term impact on everyone in the society. These methods can be used to not only solve problems, such as the aging of old commercial buildings, high energy consumption, and high pollution, but also reduce the impact on the ecological environment. Therefore, we intend to explore GE and SD as solutions to transform old commercial buildings into modern commercial buildings. We can establish a standardized systematic method and address the complex problem of renovating old commercial buildings by obtaining insights and application preferences from experts and scholars throughout the world with respect to future commercial buildings. In this study, we will apply the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to obtain an effective systematic method. Further, we intend to formulate a standard sustainable commercial building renovation plan from the viewpoint of rapid and objective assessment, which can be used to evaluate various aspects, including environmental awareness, design aesthetics, and corporate responsibility and feedback, with respect to the renovation projects and processes associated with old commercial buildings. Thus, we can promote the upgradation, reduce the vacancy rate, ensure the preservation, and increase the value and rent of the commercial building assets.</p> <p> </p>

도시재생 모자리츠의 배당수익률에 대한 모의실험1)

Publicity is being emphasized in the current government’s urban regeneration project. However, if publicity is excessively emphasized, the profitability of project participants will inevitably be limited, and a relatively high risk is concerned due to the prolonged project period and the participation of various stake-holders. Therefore, there is a need for a financing plan that allows the government and the private sector to participate in financing methods for urban regeneration projects. Against this background, this study aims to simulate the dividend yield when the project is promoted in the Real Estate Hub-REITs method. Through this, we will look for conditions that can achieve the REITs annual average dividend level or higher. The simulation results are as follows. First, compared to management aspects such as the rent level and vacancy rate of the Individual REITs, the scale of participation as a borrower of the National Housing and Urban Fund (NHUF) and capital gains for buildings were found to have a greater impact. In addition, it was found that the higher the proportion of long-term low-interest loans provided through the NHUF and the excess dividends for depreciation of buildings, the more positive the REITs investor returns.

Application of a Standardized Systematic Method for the Renovation of Old Commercial Buildings

<p>綠色經濟(GE)和可持續發展(SD)對社會中的每個人都有直接且持久的影響，不但有助於我們對抗老舊商辦建築老化，高能耗、高污染所面臨的許多問題，更重要是可以減少對生態環境的影響。因此，將透過對GE和SD進行探討，作為解決老舊商辦建築整修成為適合現代化商辦建築的解決方案，經蒐集各國專家學者對未來商辦建築的見解與應用著重之面向，建立老舊商辦建築整修標準系統來解決這種複雜性問題。 本研究將應用模糊德爾菲法(FDM)與層級分析法(AHP)，建構有效的系統方法，將對老舊商辦建築整修項目及過程，能以快速且客觀評估角度，制定可持續商辦建築整修標準規劃，用於評估環保意識，設計美學及企業責任及意見反饋等構面。藉此，推動商辦建築物資產升級，除可降低空置率外，並達成建築增值保值及提升租金收益。</p> <p> </p><p>Green economy (GE) and sustainable development (SD) have a direct and long-term impact on everyone in the society. These methods can be used to not only solve problems, such as the aging of old commercial buildings, high energy consumption, and high pollution, but also reduce the impact on the ecological environment. Therefore, we intend to explore GE and SD as solutions to transform old commercial buildings into modern commercial buildings. We can establish a standardized systematic method and address the complex problem of renovating old commercial buildings by obtaining insights and application preferences from experts and scholars throughout the world with respect to future commercial buildings. In this study, we will apply the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to obtain an effective systematic method. Further, we intend to formulate a standard sustainable commercial building renovation plan from the viewpoint of rapid and objective assessment, which can be used to evaluate various aspects, including environmental awareness, design aesthetics, and corporate responsibility and feedback, with respect to the renovation projects and processes associated with old commercial buildings. Thus, we can promote the upgradation, reduce the vacancy rate, ensure the preservation, and increase the value and rent of the commercial building assets.</p> <p> </p>

상가의 소유권 형태가 공실률에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구1)

The purpose of this study is to analyse the impact on the public utility rate according to the type of ownership of the merchant. To this end, Seoul City’s commercial data were used as of the 3rd quarter of 2017 and it is meaningful to analyze the public service rate by dividing the type of store price based on ownership as well as general characteristics of the store. The main results showed positive correlation for variables with floor area exceeding 10,000m2 and other commercial areas and variables with nearby facilities. The high floor area of the building is considered to be high, and the high vacancy rate of other businesses, rather than major commercial and commercial facilities are limited to wholesale and retail sectors. Although the sales facilities are limited to the wholesale and retail sectors, the number of nearby facilities is highly available and thus the public service rate is low. The analysis showed that the vacancy rate of the general merchant was higher than the vacancy rate of the collective merchant, and that, from the perspective of the lessee, the standard building loss rate could be lower because of the relatively large effort to attract tenants.

Trends in cytopathology fellowship positions and vacancies over the past decade

Cytopathology is one of the most sought-after fellowships within pathology, with a lower fellowship vacancy rate compared with most other subspecialties. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) actively tracks annual program data for cytopathology fellowship programs, and evaluating this longitudinal data looking at trends in programs and positions over the past 10 years could provide insights into the future of cytopathology and its training programs. Data obtained from the ACGME was examined in detail for all ACGME-accredited cytopathology fellowship programs over the past decade (2011-2021). Additional responses from program directors (PDs) from a 2021 American Society of Cytopathology (ASC) survey are also included. The total number of ACGME-approved cytopathology training programs and cytopathology fellowship positions remained relatively constant over the past 10 years, but the vacancy rate and number of programs with 1-2 unfilled spots has gradually but steadily risen over the past 6 years. In a 2021 ASC PD survey with 66% response rate, 53% of PDs reported having recruitment problems at least occasionally and 46% reported an increase in unexpected fellowship openings. Although the number of cytopathology positions has been relatively constant over the past decade, there has been a recent increase in cytopathology fellowship vacancies that may indicate changes in career choices or the job market, with fellows choosing jobs over additional fellowships, and potentially signal a growing shortage of fellowship-trained, Board-certified cytopathologists in the coming years.

Build More Houses: How an Incorrect Perception of Housing Supply Fueled the Great Recession and Slowed Recovery

An oversupply of housing, as a result of a building boom after the turn of the century, is commonly cited as a key cause of the Great Recession and the slow recovery from that recession. Using both national data and data for individual metropolitan areas, such as housing permits, residential investment, and population trends, I show that the evidence for systematic overbuilding is weak. New building was primarily meeting sustainable demand for shelter before the crisis. Building had increased where local regions with inadequate supply had created pent up demand and in regions where population was increasing as households were forced to move away from regions with inadequate housing supply. Elevated vacancy rates, where they developed, are best explained by unexpected declines in population growth. Declining population trends had already become problematic by 2007 in cities where high vacancies and collapsing prices were the worst after the recession. Yet, in 2007 and throughout the crisis, Federal Reserve officials acted explicitly on the perception that excess supply was an impediment to a recovery in residential investment, construction employment, and general economic stability. In short, an incorrect perception of housing oversupply rather than actual oversupply fueled the deep recession and slow recovery by prompting the Federal Reserve to accept or induce negative trends in economic activity.

The cost of health workforce gaps and inequitable distribution in the Ghana Health Service: an analysis towards evidence-based health workforce planning and management

BackgroundDespite tremendous health workforce efforts which have resulted in increases in the density of physicians, nurses and midwives from 1.07 per 1000 population in 2005 to 2.65 per 1000 population in 2017, Ghana continues to face shortages of health workforce alongside inefficient distribution. The Ministry of Health and its agencies in Ghana used the Workload Indicators of Staffing Needs (WISN) approach to develop staffing norms and standards for all health facilities, which is being used as an operational planning tool for equitable health workforce distribution. Using the nationally agreed staffing norms and standards, the aim of this paper is to quantify the inequitable distribution of health workforce and the associated cost implications. It also reports on how the findings are being used to shape health workforce policy, planning and management.MethodsWe conducted a health workforce gap analysis for all health facilities of the Ghana Health Service in 2018 in which we compared a nationally agreed evidence-based staffing standard with the prevailing staffing situation to identify need-based gaps and inequitable distribution. The cost of the prevailing staffing levels was also compared with the stipulated standard, and the staffing cost related to inequitable distribution was estimated.ResultsIt was found that the Ghana Health Service needed 105,440 health workers to meet its minimum staffing requirements as at May 2018 vis-à-vis its prevailing staff at post of 61,756 thereby leaving unfilled vacancies of 47,758 (a vacancy rate of 41%) albeit significant variations across geographical regions, levels of service and occupational groups. Of note, the crude equity index showed that in aggregate, the best-staffed region was 2.17 times better off than the worst-staffed region. The estimated cost (comprising basic salaries, market premium and other allowances paid from central government) of meeting the minimum staffing requirements was estimated to be GH¢2,358,346,472 (US$521,758,069) while the current cost of staff at post was GH¢1,424,331,400 (US$315,117,566.37), resulting in a net budgetary deficit of 57% (~ US$295.4 million) to meet the minimum requirement of staffing for primary and secondary health services. Whilst the prevailing staffing expenditure was generally below the required levels, an average of 28% (range 14–50%) across the levels of primary and secondary healthcare was spent on staff deemed to have been inequitably distributed, thus providing scope for rationalisation. We estimate that the net budgetary deficit of meeting the minimum staffing requirement could be drastically reduced by some 30% just by redistributing the inequitably distributed staff.Policy implicationsEfficiency gains could be made by redistributing the 14,142 staff deemed to be inequitably distributed, thereby narrowing the existing staffing gaps by 30% to 33,616, which could, in turn, be filled by leveraging synergistic strategy of task-sharing and/or new recruitments. The results of the analysis provided insights that have shaped and continue to influence important policy decisions in health workforce planning and management in the Ghana Health Service.

Role of the intensity of high-temperature electron irradiation in accumulation of vacancy-oxygen defects in Cz n-Si

Kinetics of accumulation of oxygen–vacancy complexes, which is the dominant radiation-induced structural defect in the monocrystalline n-type Czochralski (Cz) silicon was studied experimentally and theoretically for silicon samples irradiated with electron beam pulses of various intensities and energies at 360 °C. The irradiation intensity was shown to have no effect on oxygen–vacancy complexes formation at temperatures when the complexes were unstable, but the complexes annealing efficiency revealed significant dependence on the electron beam intensity. In contrast, the electron beam energy affected the formation rate of vacancies themselves and their complexes with oxygen, but it did not influence annealing properties of oxygen–vacancy complexes. It occurred that the complexes generated in silicon at room temperature could be annealed at 360 °C much faster if irradiated with the electron beam during annealing. The results suggested an important role of radiation-induced ionization of a silicon crystal in transformation of oxygen–vacancy complexes into even more loaded complexes.

Food Consumption in Cologne Ehrenfeld: Gentrification through Gastrofication?

Food and nutrition trends cater for many more functions than simply satisfying the physical need for food. Given the fundamental significance of everyday food it seems clear that it is also relevant in urban development processes. Nutrition trends and food outlets influence the attractiveness and quality of life of neighborhoods, and therefore also reflect the development of urban space. This article aims to bring together the topics of urban development, consumption, and current nutrition trends. Attention is focused on the role played by gastronomic landscapes in urban gentrification processes and how current nutrition trends are manifested. Empirical research was conducted between 2019 and 2020 in the case-study district of Ehrenfeld in the city of Cologne. In the past, this industrial neighborhood was affected by downgrading processes. After years of decline, rising vacancy rates, and outwards migration, there have been clear signs of upgrading in Ehrenfeld since the end of the 1990s. The neighborhood is also characterized by an extensive and continuously growing gastronomic landscape, which combines a multiplicity of national and international cuisines and food cultures. About one-third of the food outlets located on Venloer Straße were established between 2010 and 2020.

Specialty Certification: A Path To Improving Outcomes.

Specialty Certification: A Path To Improving Outcomes.

Eviction Case Filings and Neighborhood Characteristics in Urban and Rural Places: A Michigan Statewide Analysis

ABSTRACT A growing body of evidence documents the negative impacts of eviction case filings on U.S. tenants, including forced moves, additional costs, and obstacles tenants face in finding future housing. Existing research relating evictions or eviction cases to neighborhood characteristics is geographically limited, often to metropolitan regions. In this article, we analyze nearly all eviction case filings in Michigan from 2014 to 2018 at the census tract level, allowing us to analyze how eviction filings differ in urban and rural places. Statewide, a negative binomial regression model confirms eviction case filings are related to previously hypothesized variables, including the presence of children and mortgage foreclosures. The use of interaction terms for urban tracts shows eviction filings in these tracts are more strongly related to the percentage of the population with an associate’s degree or higher, vacancy rate, and mortgage foreclosures than in rural tracts. In rural areas, variables related to eviction case filings include job accessibility and the presence of mobile homes.

Medium-sized cities in decline in France: between urban shrinkage and city centre devitalisation

Since the end of the 2000s, the question of the decline of French medium-sized towns has become central within the scientific and public debate. More specifically, two processes are underlined: the devitalisation of city centres on the one hand, and urban shrinkage on the other hand. The devitalisation of city centres has been studied in several institutional reports. It is characterised by high rates of vacant housing and high street shops vacancies, a fall in visits to the city centre, an impoverishment of residents and population losses. In geography, urban studies and planning, the dynamics of urban shrinkage have been discussed since the 1990s. They comprise a multidimensional urban crisis, triggered and characterised by job and population losses. This paper attempts to explore the relationships between these processes by underlining their similarities and differences with data analysis and multivariate clustering methods. By comparing medium-sized cities with small and large cities, the specificities of urban decline in medium-sized cities are explored. It appears that cities are not homogeneously affected by urban decline. More particularly, a large number of weakened medium-sized cities display a distinctive feature: markers of decline are concentrated in their urban core.

DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF THE RUSSIAN MARKET OF TECHNICAL SERVICING AND REPAIR IN THE СONTEXT OF A PANDEMIC

COVID-19 pandemic has made adjustments to the development of the country’s economy in terms of changing its structure in the industry context. The business community will invest in industries that will maximize profits with low payback periods. Currently, at a time of decreasing automotive production caused by the suspension of the plants in the period of lockdown, the reduction in purchasing power of communities connected with the risk of unemployment occurrence in consequence of business failures, the decline in wages and lower vacancy rates, is foreseen reduced demand for new cars against the background of significant increase in sales volumes in the used cars market segment and, therefore, sharp increase in demand for car services performing technical servicing and repair. In a competitive environment, it is the client of the car service who will determine the direction of business development, which will be carried out on the basis of digital technologies.

Does Revitalizing the Center of Mid-Sized French Cities Reduce GHG Emissions from Commuting?

Mid-sized cities are usually considered in the literature to be shrinking cities. Some policies promote right-sizing and others promote revitalization. The relationship between land-use planning and mobility having been established, the present research issue is focused on whether a policy of revitalizing the centers of mid-sized cities is favorable to low-carbon mobility. Our study investigates commuting trips through two indicators: commuting trip distance and car modal share. The increase in total population, the increase in the number of jobs per resident, the decrease in the unemployment rate, the increase in the rate of executives, the increase in the rate of working people in the population and the decrease in the residential vacancy rate all come from the censuses of 2006 and 2016. Statistical models based on individuals in 113 mid-sized cities, in which sociodemographic variables are introduced, show that at the level of agglomerations, no indicator has a simultaneously positive effect in the center and in the urban periphery. No indicator is entirely positive or negative on GHG emissions from commuting trips. While the increase in GHG emissions from commuting trips between 2006 and 2016 is significant in mid-sized cities (18%), a shift toward shrinking city centers is insufficient to change this trajectory.

High precision space estimation of housing vacancy rate using high resolution image and Luojia-1

High precision space estimation of housing vacancy rate using high resolution image and Luojia-1

Evaluation of ghost cities based on spatial clustering: a case study of Chongqing, China

With the acceleration of the urbanization process, construction areas increase rapidly. However, excessive development will lead to high vacancy rates, resulting in the “ghost town phenomenon.” In this research, Tencent LBS (Tencent location-based services) population location heat data and Baidu community POI data in Chongqing are used to divide the residential group areas by the k-means++ algorithm and Graham’s scan algorithm. A new ghost city index (g) that is calculated by relating the population heat data of a cluster to the area of a convex hull cluster is proposed to calculate the ghost city index of each convex hull cluster. The g values of 38 districts in Chongqing are obtained by the weighted average of the population location heat data of convex hulls. The results show that the g in Chongqing is generally high in the west and low in the east. In the “one-hour economic circle and two wings” proposed by the government of Chongqing, the average g of the one-hour economic cycle is 7.64. In a one-hour economic cycle, the g of the main city of Chongqing is 16.41, and the average g of the parts other than the main city is 1.27, which could be a ghost town area. In the northeastern wing and the southeastern wing of Chongqing, the average g values are 0.59 and 0.32, respectively. The research also finds that for clustering Chongqing community POI data, the effect of k-means++ is better than that of DBSCAN algorithm.

Understanding green building energy performance in the context of commercial estates: A multi-year and cross-region analysis using the Australian commercial building disclosure database

To understand the relationship between green building energy performance and regional commercial estates, this study analysed Australia’s Commercial Building Disclosure (CBD) program database. This database discloses the annual energy use intensity (EUI) and the corresponding energy rating (1–6 stars) of 2460 National Australian Built Environment Rating System (NABERS) certified office buildings. The study selected for analysis Australia’s six largest cities and then used panel data regression, where commercial estate factors (total stock of office buildings, vacancy rate, average gross face rent, and government incentives such as financial support) served as independent variables and the EUI was the dependent variable. The p-values of all the models are below 0.05, indicating that the results are statistically significant. Results showed the commercial real estate factors were significantly related to the EUI for buildings with a rating of 1 star and above. The correlation between EUI and commercial real estate factors became less strong with the rating level increasing. The effect of ‘green building’ branding makes the office buildings more attractive with regard to tenancy and their energy performance more reflective of the variation in the commercial real estate market. This study is a frontrunner in contextualising green building energy performance and ratings in the context of regional commercial estate, and the regression models employed in the study could be used to define regional baselines for energy ratings in future studies.

The More, the Emptier: The Consequences of Growing Concentration in Urban Office Space in Poland

ABSTRACT The paper identifies and measures the economic consequences of the rapid saturation of commercial real estate markets in Poland. We document a negative link between the growing concentration of office buildings in the Polish real estate submarkets and building-level vacancy rates. Slower absorption in the areas that are more densely built up is accompanied by lower asking rents. The impact of saturation in real estate markets on building-level fundamentals is heterogenous across different classes of real estate assets, and high-quality buildings are less vulnerable than the low-quality buildings. Our findings demonstrate that higher density in office space harms investors.

Scientific Management of Equipment in Medical Innovation Laboratory

Aim; To solve the problem of innovation laboratory instrument management and improve laboratory management level. Method; It is necessary to do an excellent job in managing innovative laboratory equipment by improving the equipment management system, functional division management, appointment registration, and strengthening the construction of management teams to guarantee the cultivation of innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities of undergraduates. Results; The number of innovative experimental projects approved and the number of project groups that the laboratory can accept at the same time was increased significantly. The utilization rate of laboratory equipment has increased, and the vacancy rate has decreased. Conclusion; Excellent instrument management can significantly improve the efficiency of scientific research in the innovation laboratory.

The Association between Staff Retention and English Care Home Quality

ABSTRACT This paper examines the association between workforce retention and related staffing measures and the quality of English care homes using a national database of social care providers’ staffing. The analysis finds significant correlations between quality and the levels of staffing vacancies and retention of both residential and nursing homes, but no association was found between quality and the use of temporary contract workers nor the resident to staff ratio. Only for staff vacancy rates was there a significant difference in the size of these relationships between types of home. The findings suggest that quality could change for the average care home with a relatively small alteration in staffing circumstance. Long-term care is a labor-intensive industry and many countries face relatively high levels of staff turnover and job vacancy rates. These findings are therefore of interest for policy internationally and for England in particular, where the development of social care recruitment and retention strategies are ongoing.