Utilization Of Renewable Energy Sources Research Articles

PERANCANGAN TURBIN ANGIN SAVONIUS UNTUK SISTEM PENERANGAN DENGAN STRIP LED PADA JEMBATAN

Today the availability of energy sources in the future is a global problem that continues to be the concern of all countries in the world. Electrical energy is one of the most basic needs in a country, especially in Indonesia. In addition to the problem of the need for electrical energy, lighting in the bridge area is also still a polemic to this day. Based on the studies that have been carried out, it is necessary to maximize the utilization of renewable energy sources, one of which is wind energy as a supplier of electrical energy by applying the concept of a wind power plant (PLTB). Based on the problems that have been described, a creative and innovative idea was initiated to help lighting on bridges in an effort to reduce the number of traffic accidents with the design title Savonius wind turbines for lighting systems with LED strips on bridges.

Combined Economic Emission Dispatch of Microgrid with the Incorporation of Renewable Energy Sources Using Improved Mayfly Optimization Algorithm

Electricity can be provided to small-scale communities like commercial areas and villages through microgrid, one of the small-scale, advanced, and independent electricity systems out of the grid. Microgrid is an appropriate choice for specific purposes reducing emission and generation cost and increasing efficiency, reliability, and the utilization of renewable energy sources. The main objective of this paper is to elucidate the combined economic emission dispatch CEED problem in the microgrid to attain optimal generation cost. A combined cost optimization approach is examined to minimize operational cost and emission levels while satisfying the load demand of the microgrid. With this background, the authors proposed a novel improved mayfly algorithm incorporating Levy flight to resolve the combined economic emission dispatch problem encountered in microgrids. The islanded mode microgrid test system considered in this study comprises thermal power, solar-powered, and wind power generating units. The simulation results were considered for 24 hours with varying power demands. The minimization of total cost and emission is attained for four different scenarios. Optimization results obtained for all scenarios using IMA give a comparatively better reduction in system cost than MA and other optimization algorithms considered revealing the efficacy of IMA taken for comparison with the same data. The proposed IMA algorithm can solve the CEED problem in a grid-connected microgrid.

Performance Indicators for Energi Management of Tourism in The Pangururan District Kabupaten Samosir

. The Lake Toba area is a national tourist area visited by various tourists both from within and outside the country, and is included in the 88 national tours which are the parent of tourism development in Indonesia. One of the infrastructures that must be considered is the availability of electrical energy sources in the tourist area of ​​Lake Toba. Pangururan District as one of the tourism and administrative areas in the Lake Toba area must have sufficient electrical energy needs and become sustainable tourism. The purpose of this study was to examine the Performance of Tourism Energy Management in Pangururan District, Samosir Regency with an approach to analyzing the level of energy use and conservation, energy management programs, and utilization of renewable energy sources. The research method used is direct field observation and literature study, both theory and supporting documents in the research, which is then analyzed by interpreting the data obtained based on the theory and applicable policies. The results of this study are to identify that the need for electrical energy in the tourist area in the Pangururan sub-district is quite evenly distributed and the need for electrical energy is also met, but in the tourist area in the Pangururan sub-district conservation activities and the use of sustainable energy sources carried out by the government and the tourism business unit are still very low. a little. In addition, this research is expected to be a source of knowledge about Energy Management in the Tourism Sector.

Flexible Photovoltaic System on Non-Conventional Surfaces: A Techno-Economic Analysis

Renewable energy policies emphasize both the utilization of renewable energy sources and the improvement of energy efficiency. Over the past decade, built-in photovoltaic (BIPV) technologies have mostly focused on using photovoltaic ideas and have been shown to aid buildings that partially meet their load as sustainable solar energy generating technologies. It is challenging to install conventional photovoltaic systems on curved facades. In this research, elastic solar panels assisted by flexible photovoltaic systems (FPVs) were developed, fabricated, and analyzed on a 1 m2 scale. A flexible structure on a flat, hemispherical, and cylindrical substrate was studied in real terms. Using the LabVIEW application, warm and dry climate data has been recognized and transmitted online. The results showed that when installed on the silo and biogas interfaces, the fill factor was 88% and 84%, respectively. Annual energy production on the flat surface was 810 kWh, on the cylindrical surface was 960 kWh, and on the hemisphere surface was 1000 kWh, respectively. The economic results indicate that the net present value (NPV) at a flat surface is USD 697.52, with an internal rate of return (IRR) of 34.81% and a capital return term of 8.58 years. Cylindrical surfaces and hemispheres each see an increase of USD 955.18. The investment yield returned 39.29% and 40.47% for cylindrical and hemispheres structures. A 20% increase in fixed investment in the flat system increased IRR by 21.3%, while this increase was 25.59% in the cylindrical system and 24.58% in the hemisphere. Research innovation is filling the gap on the use of flexible solar panels on curved and unconventional surfaces.

Bidding strategies for excess heat producers participating in a local wholesale heat market

The heating sector of the European Union covers 80% of the household’s final energy consumption, which shows its relevance for the energy transition to the carbon neutral society, as set out in the Green Deal. Since most of the heat demand is located in the high heat density areas, district heating shows to be a promising solution for reducing the environmental impact of this sector, as it enables the utilisation of renewable energy sources and the use of high efficiency production technologies. An especially interesting source for district heating is excess heat from various industries and tertiary sector buildings, which has a significant technical potential. However, to enable excess heat producers to supply their heat to district heating, third-party access needs to be granted, which calls for a deregulated heat market.This work consists of analysing two different bidding strategies which can be applied on the heat market: total cost and marginal cost biding. The focus here is to research the feasibility of the excess heat sources when different bidding strategies are used, especially when low temperature excess heat is considered, which has variable hourly costs due to the electricity demand for operating a heat pump. The results show that, despite the increased capacity factor of low temperature excess heat when marginal cost biding is used, it remains infeasible when supplying heat to the high temperature district heating networks through a heat market. Therefore, lower temperature district heating is a necessity for a feasible utilisation of low temperature excess heat. Finally, the effect of the power market prices on the low temperature excess heat feasibility was analysed and it was shown that it is significant, which led to the conclusion that introducing a higher share of renewables into the power market could foster the utilisation of these heat sources.

Modelling the Potential Impacts of Nuclear Energy and Renewables in the Turkish Energy System

With heightening global concerns about the impacts of climate change, the debate around different carbon mitigation options is gaining momentum. A widespread argument is between those for and against utilizing nuclear energy as a low-carbon energy source. This debate is also relevant for Turkey, a country that is set to introduce nuclear energy to its electricity generation mix over the coming years. The purpose of the study is to assess the potential merits and drawbacks of the utilization of nuclear energy in the country versus the increased utilization of renewable energy sources. A fundamental merit order model is used for modeling the Turkish electricity market until 2025 under three scenarios. The comparative effects of renewable energy sources and nuclear energy are evaluated in terms of their impact on electricity generation costs, CO2 emissions and energy security. The results of the study show that the increased utilization of renewable energy has a more effective role in achieving the country’s energy targets in comparison to nuclear energy.

Effect of Battery Degradation on the Probabilistic Optimal Operation of Renewable-Based Microgrids

In order to maximize the use of renewable-based distributed generators (DGs), in addition to dealing with the effects of the inherent power management uncertainties of microgrids (MGs), applying storage devices is essential in the electrical system. The main goal of this paper is to minimize the total operation cost as well as the emissions of MG energy resources, alongside the better utilization of renewable energy sources (RES) and energy storage systems. The uncertainties of wind speed, solar irradiation, market price and electrical load demand are modeled using reduced unscented transformation (RUT) method. Simulation results reveal that, as expected, by increasing the battery efficiency, the achievable minimum daily operational cost of the system is reduced. For example, with 93% battery efficiency, the operational cost equals EUR 9200, while for an efficiency of 97%, the achievable minimum daily operational cost is EUR 8900. Moreover, the proper economic/environmental performance of the suggested approach, which contributes to the possibility of selecting a compromise solution for the MG operator in accordance with technical and economic constraints, is justified.

Techno‐economic analysis of a hybrid solar wind electric vehicle charging station in highway roads

Renewable energy resources have a remarkable landmark across the world to provide electricity to the consumers without any inadequacy in the energy market. The utilization of renewable energy sources in electric vehicle charging stations is among the most prominent area of research in developing countries. This paper analyses techno-economic and environmental factors of hybrid solar wind vehicle charging stations at the highway of Southern Tamil Nadu, India. The sensitivity analysis is performed in the design of a charging station at the following highway locations at Madurai, Virudhunagar, Sattur, Kayathar, and Tirunelveli. The locations are chosen in such a way that, wind and solar potentials are having contradictory nature in the specified locations. The charging station is designed and optimized as ON-grid strategy using the hybrid optimization model for electrical renewable tool. The designed system is capable of charging 17 electric vehicles at day from forenoon 6:00 am to evening 6:00 am The attainment of the proposed designed system proves that Virudhunagar shows less net present cost with $303 291.26 and cost of energy as $0.072/kWh with 50% reduction in emission. Moreover, with a focus on economic analysis and Madurai produces 70% more electrical energy than other selected locations. Further, the performance analysis of the system is also studied and it shows more reliable results and is feasible considering both economic and technical studies.

An integrated simulation-optimization modelling approach for sustainability assessment of electricity generation system

Devising a concrete plan for power supply should conduct the best technology-capacity-time strategy while satisfying fuel, infrastructure, and trading constraints. Addressing sustainability concerning stakeholders' opinions aligned with upstream policies escalates the problem, demanding new reliable frameworks. This paper aims to develop an integrated simulation–optimization decision support system for electricity generation planning. A differential evolution algorithm simulates the future power supply configurations. A linear programming model characterizes the optimal pathways towards those futures. Multi-criteria decision-making methods are also included for determining the preference weights of sustainability indicators and ranking the scenarios. The proposed framework offers a sustainable plan for Iran by 2050. The sustainability criteria are tracked and compared with a business as usual (BAU) scheme. The results show that the broader deployment of wind turbine primarily, solar thermal subsequently, is the major source of difference in the sustainable expansion compared to BAU. Those technologies along with photovoltaics, contribute to 48% of the generation at the end of the planning horizon. However, the findings indicate that even the extensive utilization of renewable energy sources cannot guarantee sustainability improvement all through the planning period. Thus, supply-side plans should be appropriately supported by demand-side strategies.

Research of a new security mechanism on energy internet

The sustainable exploitation and utilization of new energy is the basis of future development of mankind. As the core infrastructure for the efficient and secure utilization of renewable energy sources, the energy internet is an important strategic resource and an embodiment of the comprehensive national strength. This paper presents a new security mechanism based on Trusted Platform Module (TPM). Fistly, the analysis of the structure of the energy internet is discribed from two aspects of logic structure and network topological structure. Sencondly the existing research methods of energy internet security are divided into three classes: security demand-driven method, security model-driven method and system-theoretic method. The vulnerability of isolated research and lack of integrated solution is found out. Then the new security mechanism is propossed and the security model along with the consuming layer protocol are put forward. Finally the security analysis is processed. The results show that the new security mechanism can satisfy the security requirements of energy internet.

Screw Turbine in In-pipe Hydroelectric Power Generation

Utilization of renewable energy sources is a necessity to reduce the consumption of fossil energy sources. On the end of 2021, it was reported that world was experiencing an energy crisis, so the use of renewable energy sources is being something urgent. Renewable energy power generation can be done in large scale to small scale even on household level. Electrical energy independence can be achieved, one way by utilizing available energy sources surrounding house. Several energy sources that can be utilized around the house including water, wind, sunlight, etc. Water as one of energy sources can also be obtained from the water flow in household plumbing systems. In this research, analysis of the output characteristics of generator was carried out from mini generator connected to screw turbine with in-pipe water flow as the energy source. Design and measurement have been done on the prototype to see the output characteristic of generator. Measurement on prototype have shown results to produce 1.56 watt and 9.6 volt at maximum water discharge 0.317 l/s, these results are quite low considering power measured at the turbine reaches about 7.45 watt. With further research, another more efficient and proper configuration can be obtained.

A Comprehensive Decomposition Based Hierarchical Heuristic Control of Multimicrogrids

This paper proposes a novel decomposition based hierarchical heuristic control of multimicrogrids to maximize the utilization of renewable energy sources and load satisfaction. The proposed control is capable of providing comprehensive online dispatch of active and reactive powers in steady state modes of operation according to IEEE 2030.7 while keeping in view the restrictions of the participants (microsources and/or microgrids). The proposed solution is generalized to be adopted with respect to different types of participants and grid structures, modular with respect to the number of its participants and capable of protecting the privacy of its participants to maximum possible extent. The proposed heuristic control decomposes the control problem at four levels of hierarchy namely microsource, unit, microgrid and multimicrogrid level. All the distributed energy sources have their own microsource controllers and all the distributed energy sources of the same type are put under one unit controller. All the unit controllers are put under a microgrid controller and all the microgrid controllers are put under a multimicrogrid controller. Information flows from lower to upper levels while dispatch commands flow vice versa. This provides a comprehensive, generic, modular and secure control of a multimicrogrid system. Test cases are simulated to verify the validity of the proposed control scheme.

Estimating clear-sky PV electricity production without exogenous data

The global shift towards the utilization of renewable energy sources has driven the development of photovoltaics (PVs) and the need for their mass integration in energy markets. Although the penetration of PVs is dramatically increasing during the last decades, the ‘problem’ of PV power output fluctuations due to uncertain environmental parameters still remains an issue. A key challenge is to provide accurate predictions of PV power output since this will assist grid operators for efficient capacity management and scheduling. In this paper, a data-driven method was developed, using time-series of PV power output from a PV station in Limassol, Cyprus to estimate the clear-sky PV electricity production without any exogenous data. The time-series was divided into monthly intervals and analysed by using the mean value, the maximum value and the standard deviation. The predicted clear-sky PV signals calculated were compared to the best visibly smooth signal in terms of Root Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Deviation, and Mean Absolute Percent Error. Results indicate that the proposed method can provide a good approximation of the true clear-sky signal and thus it can be argued that PV data alone can be used for clear-sky PV output calculation without any information from the manufacturer or location specific data.

An Isolated Dual-Input Half-Bridge DC–DC Boost Converter With Reduced Circulating Power Between Input Ports

This article addresses a dual-input half-bridge DC–DC converter for proper utilization of renewable energy sources (RESs). The proposed system includes two different variable sources to examine the power distribution in each module, two high-frequency transformers (HFTs), and a three-leg converter (TLC) at secondary. The TLC is connected in parallel structure to gain reduced circulating power between input modules. This results in obtaining a compact design with a minimum number of switches. Complete steady-state analysis and control strategy of the proposed system have been analyzed. Digital closed-loop control has been implemented using the field programmable gate array (FPGA) controller to minimize the complexity of the control strategy. A laboratory prototype has been developed to justify the feasible operation of the proposed converter. Extensive tests result demonstrates the enhanced performance of the proposed system in effective utilization of power from different sources to feed the telecom load.

Performance Analysis of PWM Based Full Wave Bridge Inverter

Abstract: An obvious device for the utilization of renewable energy sources is inverter and Pulse Width Modulation technique is widely used method for voltage source inverters. This paper deals with the generation of PWM signals by analog circuit, where the comparison of sine wave and sawtooth wave for the operation of power circuit takes place. The above mentioned technique is studied and verified by Simulating the circuit. The prototype of PWM based, single phase, full bridge inverter is developed and the results are verified for the nominal voltage and frequency with the help of simulation and hardware is designed. Keywords: Inverter, SPWM, VSI, Simulation, MATLAB

Towards Nearly-Zero Energy in Heritage Residential Buildings Retrofitting in Hot, Dry Climates

Retrofitting “nearly-zero energy” heritage buildings has always been controversial, due to the usual association of the “nearly-zero energy” target with high energy performance and the utilization of renewable energy sources in highly regarded cultural values of heritage buildings. This paper aims to evaluate the potential of turning heritage building stock into a “nearly-zero energy” in hot, dry climates, which has been addressed in only a few studies. Therefore, a four-phase integrated energy retrofitting methodology was proposed and applied to a sample of heritage residential building stock in Egypt along with microscale analysis on buildings. Three reference buildings were selected, representing the most dominant building typologies. The study combines field measurements and observations with energy simulations. In addition, simulation models were created and calibrated based on monitored data in the reference buildings. The results show that the application of hybrid passive and active non-energy generating scenarios significantly impacts energy use in the reference buildings, e.g., where 66.4% of annual electricity use can be saved. Moreover, the application of solar energy sources approximately covers the energy demand in the reference buildings, e.g., where an annual self-consumption of electricity up to 78% and surplus electricity up to 20.4% can be achieved by using photo-voltaic modules. Furthermore, annual natural gas of up to 66.8% can be saved by using two unglazed solar collectors. Lastly, achieving “nearly-zero energy” was possible for the presented case study area. The originality of this work lies in developing and applying an informed retrofitting (nearly-zero energy) guide to be used as a benchmark energy model for buildings that belong to an important historical era. The findings contribute to fill a gap in existing studies of integrating renewable energy sources to achieve “nearly-zero energy” in heritage buildings in hot climates.

Investing in Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Palestinian Territories: Barriers and Opportunities

The main objective of this paper is to identify the renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE) policy and regulatory risks and barriers in the Palestinian Territories (PT). An accurate insight into the market structure and normative frameworks for RE and EE investments in the PT is performed. For this purpose, a survey has been conducted through two questionnaires and interviews addressed to public decision-makers and local and foreign sectoral companies to study the market confidence in the field of renewable energy sources (RES) and EE. The questionnaire was designed to investigate the attractiveness of RE and EE in the country by directly involving the various market players and to identify what could encourage or hinder investment. RE and EE are, in fact, a valid response to the needs of the PT to guarantee independence and security of supply, ensure access to energy throughout the territory, and reduce emissions. The climate-related issues are listed in the Palestinian political agenda. National subsidies and grants are offered for investment in RES and EE but are still the main barriers. Developments towards further utilization of RES are in progress continually. Marketing campaigns are stimulating the production of RE and EE promotion. RES and EE laws and regulations are continually issued.

Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources in Road Transport in EU Countries—TOPSIS Results

The primary aim of this study was to assess and compare EU countries in terms of the use of renewable energy sources in road transport. The following research tasks were undertaken to realize this aim: (1) a review of the literature concerning the negative externalities in road transport, the concept of sustainable development, and legal regulations referring to the utilization of renewable energy sources; (2) presentation of changes in energy consumption (both traditional and renewable) in road transport in EU countries in the years 2008–2019; and (3) identification of leaders among the EU countries in terms of consumption of renewable energy sources in road transport. The aim and tasks were realized using the literature review and TOPSIS method as well as descriptive, tabular, and graphic methods. The analysis was conducted for 28 EU countries according to the status for 2019. The period of 2008–2019 was investigated. Sources of materials included literature on the subject and Eurostat data. Although renewable energy sources accounted for as little as 6% of total energy consumption in road transport in EU countries in 2019, this is a significant topical issue. It results from the direction in which changes need to be implemented in terms of energy generation in this area of human activity. It turned out that blended biodiesel and blended biogasoline were the most commonly used fuels originating from renewable sources. The application of the TOPSIS method resulted in the identification of five groups of EU member countries, which differed in terms of the degree of utilization of renewable energy sources in road transport. Luxemburg, Sweden, and Austria were leaders in this respect. In turn, Malta, Estonia, and Croatia were characterized by very low consumption of renewable energy. The greatest progress in the utilization of renewable energy sources in road transport was recorded in Sweden, Finland, and Bulgaria (changes in the relative closeness to the ideal solution from 0.15 to 0.27), while the greatest reduction in relation to other countries was observed in Austria, Germany, and Lithuania (changes from −0.35 to −0.22).

Thermal Storage for District Cooling—Implications for Renewable Energy Transition

The utilization of air conditioning in public and private buildings is continuously increasing globally and is one of the major factors fueling the growth of the global electricity demand. The higher utilization of renewable energy sources and the transition of the electricity-generating industry to renewable energy sources requires significant energy storage in order to avoid supply–demand mismatches. This storage-regeneration process entails dissipation, which leads to higher energy generation loads. Both the energy generation and the required storage may be reduced using thermal energy storage to provide domestic comfort in buildings. The development and utilization of thermal storage, achieved by chilled water, in a community of two thousand buildings located in the North Texas region are proven to have profound and beneficial effects on the necessary infrastructure to make this community independent of the grid and self-sufficient with renewable energy. The simulations show that both the necessary photovoltaics rating and the capacity of the electric energy storage system are significantly reduced when thermal storage with a chilled water system is used during the air conditioning season.

Building's heat potential on resources in respect to CO2 emissions and primary energy reduction (Case study)

An increased utilization of renewable energy sources for heating and electricity generation is one of the main tasks of the Slovak Republic. The main hypothesis is that heat pumps are very energy-efficient, and therefore environmentally benign, while providing heating and cooling in many applications. Within good conditions, the energy from low-positional heat, in other way unusable, is used to supply the energy for heat pumps. The paper confirms the applicability of such systems for long term (about 25 years). A building in Košice was used as the model of the transformation of a common office object into the character of a green and energy active one with the target programme being a sustainable building with zero balance of the energy from the network. From the comparison of the past and present operation data of the building, it is possible to show the big advantage of the usage of the heat pump water-water to the energy supply system. At favourable technical conditions in a heat supply system, it becomes the most advantageous solution in achieving today’s targets - minimum emission production combined with investment, low operating costs and achieving necessary human thermal comfort. The convenience of the system increases as it can switch between the cooling and heating process according to conditions. For the whole observed period, the energy consumption is reduced by 70%, the primary energy decreased by 69% compared to 1996 and CO2 emissions were reduced by 98%. The simulations of the object were performed and verified based on the measured data.