Utilization Of Fishery Resources Research Articles

Blue economy policy for sustainable fisheries in Indonesia

Climate change has detrimental impacts on the ocean such as ocean acidification, the occurrence of extreme weather, increasing frequency of storms, and sea level and temperature rise, which will threaten the marine ecosystem existence and threaten the marine economic potential. Indonesia, with 6.4 million km2 area of waters, hold enormous fisheries potential wealth and enormous potential economic value. Data from the Marine and Fisheries Ministry notes that the marine economic potential reaches IDR 3000 trillion and there only IDR 291.8 trillion of the total potency that already gained. Sustainable fisheries development must be in accordance with the development principles that benefit the present generation but still pay attention to sustainability for future generations. Blue economy policies and programs become the right and effective approach for marine development to encourage optimal and sustainable utilization and exploitation of fisheries resources. This research is a legal research by using statute approach to relevant legal materials. This study aims to integrate the blue economy principle in to marine and fisheries policies and reconstruct the existing policies. The result of this study is a proposed model of blue economy-based policy to get a sustainable national marine and fisheries management.

Genetic diversity and structure of the round-tailed paradise fish (Macropodus ocellatus): Implications for population management

The round-tailed paradise fish (Macropodus ocellatus) is important to the local ecosystem and economy. Other species in the genus Macropodus are undergoing population declines, indicating that the M. ocellatus population might also be declining. Therefore, the status of M. ocellatus, related to standing-water ecosystem stability and sustainable utilization of fishery resources, requires attention. In this study, we assessed the spatial pattern of the M. ocellatus genetic structure in 10 localities from China. Sequencing of Cytb (1135 bp) and the D-loop (668 bp) yielded 26 and 10 haplotypes, respectively. A total of 30 haplotypes were identified among 165 concatenated mitochondrial DNA sequences. The results showed that the total haplotype diversity of the 10 populations is high (0.910) and that genetic diversity indices for sequences from HuaiAn were the highest (haplotype diversity Hd = 0.780, nucleotide diversity pi = 0.00363). The results of AMOVA indicated that most genetic variation was among populations within groups (80.22%, P < 0.001). The XinXiang and TangShan (TS) groups showed mild genetic differentiation (Fst = 0.022), whereas all other groups showed high genetic differentiation (P < 0.05). Based on gene flow analysis, HuangGang and TS were found to frequently communicate (Nm = 15.837). WuXin had the highest haplotype diversity and highest genetic divergence from other populations, and thus, it should be managed as an independent group. These findings provide novel insights for the improved germplasm management and cultivation of M. ocellatus.

Tingkat Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan Pelagis Besar dan Kesejahteraan Rumah Tangga Nelayan di Perairan Kota Jayapura, Provinsi Papua

The territorial waters of Jayapura City, especially the waters of North Jayapura and South Jayapura are the centers of capture fisheries activities of big pelagic species, namely tuna and skipjack tuna, which need to be utilized to provide welfare for the community, especially fishermen in a sustainable manner. For this reason, this study was conducted to analyze the level of utilization of big pelagic fisheries resources and analyze the welfare level of big pelagic fishermen households in Jayapura city waters. Primary data collection is done through interviews with respondents who are randomly selected. Utilization level analysis was carried out using multispecies bioeconomic analysis and analysis of fisherman welfare levels was carried out using the criteria of the poverty line set by the Central Bureau of Statistics. The results showed the actual utilization rates of tuna and skipjack fisheries resources in the waters of Jayapura City are still in the continuous production of MSY and MEY. Nevertheless, the utilization of these big pelagic fisheries resources needs to be supported by economic institutions that can better distribute their benefits, especially to fishermen. This is because based on the survey conducted; most of the household welfare of the big pelagic fishermen tuna and cakalang in the waters of Jayapura City are still classified as not prosperous.

KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGAN PERIKANAN HUHATE DI MALUKU

Skipjack resources are quite potential in Maluku waters and are generally caught with pole and line. Skipjack is an important economic commodity with the aim of domestic and export markets, so it is expected to improve the welfare of the community. The purpose of this study is to formulate a pole and line fisheries development policy strategy in Maluku. The analytical method uses the SWOT approach technique and continued with AHP. Policy priorities for pole and line fisheries development in Maluku include: (1) optimal utilization of fishery resources; (2) empowering fishing communities; (3) government and private collaboration in the field of fisheries; (4) increasing business productivity; (5) market development through product quality improvement; (6) increasing capital assistance for business development; (7) strengthening the quality of fishermen's resources; and (8) supervision and law enforcement in the field of fisheries.

KARAKTERISTIK TALI AGEL BERKITOSAN SEBAGAI BAHAN ALAT PENANGKAPAN IKAN

Agel ropes have lower mechanical properties (breaking strength and elongation) than synthetic fiber ropes. Chitosan coating is expected to improve the mechanical properties of agel ropes. The aims of this study are to investigate the effect of immersion in chitosan on the physical and mechanical properties of agel ropes, and to examine the breaking strength and elongation of coated agel ropes after being soaked in both freshwater and seawater. This experimental study was conducted at the Laboratory of Fishing Gear Technology, Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization IPB University, and Laboratory of Forest Product Engineering, Department of Forest Products IPB University. The experiment involved 3 mm in diameter of two agel ropes incorporating control rope and agel rope soaked in 1% chitosan for 24 hours. The control rope was light brown, stiff, and rough, while the treated rope was darker, less stiff, and smoother. The breaking strength of control and treated rope was significantly different (P&lt;0.05), which in respect constitute 15.06 kgf and 24.54 kgf. The elongation of both ropes were also significantly different (P&lt;0.05), making 10,56% for control and 18,04% for treated rope. Breaking strength of the agel rope decreased by 50% after being immersed for 28 days.&#x0D; Keywords: agel rope, chitosan, breaking strength, elongation

Community institution development strategy as fisheries management authority institution at Ponggok Village, Klaten

Ponggok village is one of the villages in the Klaten Regency that has an abudance of springs. This condition is used as a potential to improve the village economy. One of the strategies undertaken by the village government is to manage the spring as a means of tilapia cultivation. The management is carried out by developing community institutions through groups of fish farmers. This study aims to determine the implementation of strategies in the management of fisheries resources in Ponggok Village. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method. Primary data mostly related to community institutions towards the utilization of fisheries resources. The selection of informants is done deliberately by considering the interests of the respondents in the management institution. Data collection is done by interview techniques, observation and documentation using tools such as interview and observation guidelines. The data analysis technique in this study uses an interaction model approach in the form of an institutional approach and the principles of co-management. The results of the study show that the strategy applied by the government in the management of fisheries resources is through institutional development using a participatory approach to decision making. The strategy has been implemented through a predetermined work program by forming a group of fish farmers shaded by Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes).

PERHITUNGAN GT KAPAL IKAN BERDASARKAN PERATURAN DI INDONESIA DAN PEMODELAN KAPAL DENGAN DIBANTU KOMPUTER (STUDI KASUS KAPAL IKAN MUNCAR DAN PRIGI)

A gross tonnage (GT) is a volume capacity of fishing vessel regarding its role in the fisheries resource utilization and management affairs. Information regarding GT is important, hence there is a need to conduct measurement in objective manner. The result of GT recalculation conducted by the Ministry of Transportation on under 30 GT fishing vessels showed that there is a significant difference between the documented GT and recalculated GT which indicates a massive mark down. Consequently, most of owners decline the later result as it goes higher and has impact on operational cost. Regarding that problem, this paper investigates the GT calculation process in Indonesia. In order to provide objective measurement, this research compares the existing GT calculation method and numerical computation. The result reveals that both methods produced different GT, which is about 32% gap for fishing vessels in Muncar and 27% gap in Prigi.Keywords: Gross tonnage, fishing boat, measurement, numerical computation

Foreword

Their great diversity and potential makes the development of marine and fisheries resources a priority for Indonesia, and a key orientation of long-term development planning. The development of valuable maritime and fishery resources has been encouraged by the government as a means to achieve food security and economic independence.These abundant marine and fisheries resources are the mainstay of Indonesia’s efforts to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) number 14: “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development”.As a contribution towards achieving SDG 14, each year the Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries at Universitas Hasanuddin holds a national and international marine and fisheries symposium. The theme of the 2019 Symposium is “Managing Aquatic Resources for Sustainable Development”. This symposium will provide opportunities for participants to exchange information, knowledge and experience, as well as to initiate partnerships for research and outreach activities in the field of marine science and fisheries. These exchanges and partnerships will contribute towards enhancing the potential, development and utilization of marine and fishery resources in sustainable ways.A warm welcome to the researchers and participants from a wide cross-section of the marine and fisheries sector and thank you for coming to taking part in this Universitas Hasanuddin Marine Science and Fisheries Symposium. A heartfelt thank you is also due to the many people and organisations that have provided support or contributed in any way towards the successful realisation of this Symposium. May all the contributions made during this event provide valuable input to support marine and fisheries development in Indonesia.Makassar, 5 September 2019Dean,Dr.Ir.St Aisjah Farhum, MSi

English

This study was aimed to assess fish production, supply and demand in selected districts of North Shewa Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia to generate base-line data that would help in the proper and sustainable utilization of fishery and water resources. Structured and semi structured questionnaires were employed as a means of data collection tools. Respondents from five districts that is, Merhabete, Menz Mama, Menz Gera, Shewa Robit and Ataye were selected using purposive sampling techniques. From each district, consumers, producers, fish traders, stakeholders and fish experts were selected purposively. The fishing and aquaculture activities of the area were performed by part-time fishermen (producers) mainly for family consumption and sale on small scale during dry season. The fishing gears commonly used are hooks of different sizes, traps (fish basket) locally made and rarely gillnet. Though the severity of the constraints varies from one district to the other, the main fish production constraints in the areas were low fish supply, lack of awareness, lack of support, lack of facilities, low profit, and distance from market place. The fish demand and supply in the study area is unbalanced. Lates niloticus, Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias and Bagrus dockmak are the fish species preferred by consumers in the study area. Continuous support, awareness creation and promotion of local fish farming are important to integrate fish in their diet to scale up fish demand and supply in North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Key words: Aquaculture, fish demand and supply, fish production, food security. &nbsp

ACCEPTABILITY OF CHEESE STICK WITH ADDITION OF WET ANCHOVY FLOUR (Stolephorus sp.) TO PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN

The utilization of marine fisheries resources gives an important contribution to the economy and health. However, this utilization does not work well due to the complexity of the problems faced regarding technical, social, economic and environmental factors. The one effort to use itis by utilizing anchovy into wet anchovy flour (Stolephorus sp.) in the form of cheese stick snacks that contain enough protein and rich of calcium. This study aims to determine the acceptability of cheese stick with the addition of wet anchovy flour (Stolephorus sp.). This type of research is the pre-experimental with post test group design. The acceptance was assessed based on a hedonic test of 30 panelists. The results of the best acceptance powerare done by food weighing method for intake levels in pre-school children then presented in the form of tables and narratives. The results shows that the highest acceptability of panelists is against the cheese stick with the addition of 10% wet anchovy flour (Stolephorus sp.). The fact also reveals that as many as 80% of the panelists liked the flavor aspect, 70% of the panelists liked the color aspect, 73.33% of the panelists liked the aroma aspect, and 90% of the panelists liked the texture aspect. The results of research on consumer panelists convey that the acceptability of pre-school children with good categories is 53.33%. Therefore, it is recommended in making cheese stick with the addition of wet anchovy flour (Stolephorus sp.) is to use a concentration of 10% because it is preferred from the aspect of color, texture, aroma and taste, and compared with the standard or concentration of 0%.

STUDI PERSEPSI – SIKAP NELAYAN LOKAL DAN ANDON TERHADAP HAK PEMANFAATAN SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN DI KAMPUNG BALIKUKUP KECAMATAN BATU PUTIH KABUPATEN BERAU, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR

The purpose of this study was to know perceptions - attitudes of local fishermen and andons towards fishery resources utilization rights in Balikukup Village. The sampling method used was purposive sampling with 20 respondents consisting from local fishermen and andons with professions as ship masters and crew.&#x0D; The results of this study indicate the perceptions of local fishermen in Balikukup village, both those who refused and those who received the knowledge of government regulations or regulations to regulate fisheries resource utilization rights, by Andon fishermen outside their domicile. The attitude of local fishermen who disagreed with the existence of Andon fishermen because their permits were not managed or fulfilled by Andon fishermen, while local fishermen who agreed to consider Andon fishermen had managed or fulfilled their permits so that they had a strong legal basis to utilize the fisheries resources in Balikukup village. Where as Andon fishermen consider that they also have the right to be involved in utilizing fisheries resources, because Andon fishermen who enter the waters of Balikukup village have managed and obtained fishing licenses.&#x0D; The local fisherman who rejected the existence of andon fishermen was the majority group, among which consisted of influential figures in Balikukup village, who then petitioned against the existence of Andon fishermen, who considered not fulfilling the rules of government regulation No. 36/2014 concerning fishing andon, this regulation was made to regulate but have weaknesses where no regulation on the type of fishing gear and fishing aids was allowed or not allowed, so that weaknesses could be provided space for conflicts between fishermen.

ANALISIS KEBERLANJUTAN SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN JARING PERANGKAP (TRAP NET) DI WILAYAH PESISIR PANTAI KABUPATEN PANGKEP

Research of the sustainability analysis of fisheries resources by using trap net in the coastal ofPangkep Regency was conducted on August to October 2018 in the coastal zone of pangkep Regency.This research aims to 1) Analyze the location of trap net fishing areas, (2) Analyze environmentalfriendliness of trap net, (3) Analyze the sustainability of fish resources by using trap net in the coastalareas of Pangkep district. The method used was case study by following fishing operations using trapnet directly. Analyzed of the determination of the trap net installation location was used by geographicinformation systems (GIS), analyzed the selectivity of fishing gear used the formula based on theprovisions of FAO (1995), and analyzed the sustainability of fish resources used Rapfish analysis.Results of the research showed that fishing ground of using trap net covers the coastal areas ofPangkep Regency, there were four locations that have been determined based on analysis, which wereDistricts of Bungoro, Labakkang, Ma'rang, and Segeri. Trap net included in fishing gear that was notenvironmentally friendly, so it does not support the sustainability of fisheries resources. Utilization offishery resources by using a trap net in the coastal areas of Pangkep Regency is less sustainable.

STUDI DESAIN DAN KOMPOSISI JENIS HASIL TANGKAPAN ALAT TANGKAP TRAP NET DI PERAIRAN KECAMATAN SIGERI KABUPATEN PANGKEP

The research is entitled Utilization of coastal fisheries resources with trap net fishingequipment in the waters of Pangkep Regency. Related to that, the community uses thepotential of fish resources in the coastal waters of Pangkep Regency with a variety offishing gear, one of which is trap net (local read: tiku). Objectives are: 1) Knowing thecomposition of the type of trap net caught operated in coastal waters; 2) Knowing thelevel of environmental friendliness of the trap net fishing equipment operated in coastalwaters 3) Knowing the economic feasibility of trap net fishing equipment operated in thecoastal waters of Pangkep Regency. This research is expected to provide constructorsregarding the composition of catches in the use of Coastal Fishing Ground resourceswith net trap fishing equipment in the waters of Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi toensure access to sustainable use of fisheries resources. The study was conducted in June -December 2018 in the coastal waters of Sigeri District, Pangkep Regency. Materials andtools related directly or indirectly to research to make measurements and observations inthe field. The data needed consists of pruimer and secondary data. To achieve the goal,the data collected is carried out by analyzing fishing gear designs and analyzing thecomposition of catch species.The design of the trap net fishing gear is rectangular with avery small mesh size and the material is made of nylon (waring). The size of the trap netis 500 meters long and 1.5 meters wide. The composition of the types of trap net catchesoperated in the coastal waters of Pangkep Regency is very large and in general, fish thatmigrate daily at low tide take place.

Squid attractor: an appropriate technology for empowering fishing communities

The use of squid attractors is expected to promote optimum sustainable utilization of fisheries resources. The exploitation of squid, the important exportable commodities, has been very intensive. Fisheries management on such resources should also promote business development based on sustainability and enrichment of the stocks. Squid attractors are appropriate technology that can make a fishing area as a gathering place for squid and fish. The study presented here was focused on the effectiveness of squid attractors as an alternative tool for enriching squid stocks in coastal areas. The squid attractors were tested in the field. The squid attractors were made of materials from harmonica wire, bamboo, used car tires, used drums and pipes. Such materials can be easily obtained by fishermen so that they can help themselves to make them promoting livelihood and improving the habitat. The construction of the attractors and presence of squid eggs were directly observed underwater. The fishing efficiency using the squid attractor found to be 60-70%, i.e. the proportion of number of squid attractors occupied by the squid. Deployment of squid attractors is a potential place for spawning habitat for the squids.

DNA BARCODING APPLICATION OF MITOCHONDRIAL COI GENE TO IDENTIFY SOME FISH SPECIES OF FAMILY GOBIIDAE IN VIETNAM

The family Gobiidae is a relatively high abundance family of coastal fish with about 2000 species in 210 genera described. In Vietnam, the study on Gobiidae is very complex due to the large number of species, small size and high morphological variation which makes difficulties in identification and classification. In this study, the DNA barcoding technique has been used through mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene to classify 30 specimens of Gobiidae from three coastal areas (North, Central and South) in Vietnam to evaluate the effectiveness compared to the morphological classification method. Results showed that 26 species belonging to 21 genera were determined by the COI barcode while 19 species (17 genera) were determined when using morphological method. Mahidolia mystacina was new recorded in Vietnam. The DNA barcodes of COI gene developed in this study could be useful for estimating phylogenetic diversity as well as other studies of gobiids in terms of conservation, management and utilization of fisheries resources in Vietnam. In addition, the results showed the high potentiality in using COI barcode to identify marine fish.

ANALISIS STATUS EKSPLOITASI SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN PROVINSI ACEH

Fish commodities are a renewable resource and public property, whose utilization needs to be sustainable. This study aims to analyze the condition of the utilization of Aceh fishery resources, using a simple method of long-term fish supply curve, by assessing the relationship between production and price movement of fish. The 27-year time series data published by DKP has been used, in the form of production and price data. The results of the analysis indicate that the utilization has excessive exploitation for Malacca Strait fisheries, and less exploitation in the Indian Ocean region

VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS AT TUNA PROCESSED AGROINDUSTRY IN PACITAN, EAST JAVA

Abstract: Indonesia's economy was convener of the sea; however, the poverty of the fishermen is still high enough. The factors of management and utilization of marine fishery resources in order to improve the people's welfare are should be a significant concern. The leading commodities, tuna fish, need to be supported to increase production, processing, distribution system, diversified products. A good marketing and marketing margin distribution should be allocating a fairer on the processed tuna products. The purpose of this research is to analyze the mapping, critical factors that influence, and business value chain improvement strategies processing tuna in Pacitan. Research conducted on agro-industries processing tuna in district of Pacitan, Pacitan Regency, East Java. Sampels used are 4 fishermens, 2 traders, 2 agro-industries, 4 managers, 4 resellers, 4 retailers, and 50 consumers. Data retrieval is performed in February-March 2018. Data are analyzed using the mapping analysis, analysis of the Critical Success Factor (CSF), the analysis of governane, analysis of upgrading . Based on the analysis of the principals involved in agro-industries processing tuna are fishermens, traders, agro-industries, retailers, resellers and consumers. The party receives the smallest profit amounting to Rp 4,000 fishermen/kg. Critical factors according to agro-industries are the taste, price and quality, while the critical factor according to consumers is the taste, quality, expiration date. Factors that have a high gap are 0.49 stock and 0.55 of innovation and 0.73 of expiration. Upgrading of value chain processed tuna is process improvement by increasing production capacity, increasing the role of Marketing Manager for network marketing with branding in the tourism industry so processed tuna products widely known both national and international.

Molecular cloning, characterization, and expression analysis of Megalobrama amblycephala melanocortin receptor 3 during fasting

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 团头鲂黑素皮质素3型受体基因克隆及表达分析 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 1. 南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏 无锡 214081;2. 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心, 农业农村部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室, 江苏 无锡 214081 作者简介: 廖盛臣(1992-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水产病害学研究.E-mail:602468594@qq.com 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S917 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31572662）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-45）. Molecular cloning, characterization, and expression analysis of Megalobrama amblycephala melanocortin receptor 3 during fasting Author: Affiliation: 1. Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China;2. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs;Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:黑素皮质素3型受体（MC3R）系统与动物摄食行为以及能量调控密切相关。为丰富鱼类MC3R相关基础研究，探索鱼类摄食行为与能量调控机制，本研究克隆了团头鲂（基因，采用分子生物信息学和相对荧光定量PCR方法分别对氨基酸序列保守结构域、组织表达分布和禁食条件下的表达变化等开展分析研究。结果显示，团头鲂mc3r mRNA在下丘脑、垂体、肝脏和卵巢有相对较高的表达。禁食试验结果显示，下丘脑和垂体中的转录变化与周期性摄食信号相关，其中下丘脑 mRNA在禁食72 h和禁食72 h后恢复投喂6 h表达量显著升高（<0.05）。此外，对血液皮质醇和血糖的监测结果显示，两者均在禁食14 d有显著变化，其中皮质醇水平显著高于对照组（<0.05）。综合本研究结果表明，MC3R在鲤科鱼类中具有高度相似的氨基酸序列和结构域；在组织中的转录表达变化与食物摄取有明显相关性，对调控鱼体摄食行为和能量代谢具有重要作用。 Abstract:The melanocortin system consists of melanocortin peptides derived from the proopiomelanocortin gene, five melanocortin receptors, two endogenous antagonists, and two ancillary proteins. It plays a role in many important physiological functions of terrestrial animals. Studies on rodents have affirmed the role of melanocortin receptor 3 () in feeding behavior and energy regulation. However, the function of in fish, including basic information, is not well understood. Thus, to determine the initial value of fish and assess the role of MC3R in fish feeding behavior and energy regulation, the full-length cDNA of was cloned. The nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Blood glucose and cortisol levels were detected, and real-time quantitative PCR was employed to characterize the tissue expression profile and expression during fasting and refeeding. The results showed that cDNA encodes a protein of 327 amino acids, which shares a high amino acid sequence identity with that of other animals and is characteristic with the typical seven transmembrane domain. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the cluster was within the MC3R clade of the Cyprinidae MC3Rs. The tissue expression analysis revealed that was highly expressed in the hypothalamus, pituitary, liver, and ovary, whereas its expression was much lower in the other detected tissues. During fasting and refeeding, mRNA expression in the hypothalamus and pituitary showed a periodic variation with higher expression near the first feeding time every day both in the experimental and control groups. Furthermore, the expression of mRNA was significantly increased and was higher than that in the control group after 72 h and 14 d fasting in the hypothalamus ( < 0.05), whereas similar results occurred in the pituitary at 72 h fasting and 6 h after refeeding ( < 0.05). In addition, an obvious change in blood glucose and cortisol was only observed with long term fasting ( is not only highly conservative in genetic information, but also in its tissue expression profile and physiological function during the evolutionary process, and may play an important role in feeding behavior and energy regulation. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Hypoxia and reoxygenation on antioxidant enzyme activities and histological structure of Macrobrachium nipponense

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 低氧和复氧对日本沼虾抗氧化酶活力及组织结构的影响 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 1. 南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏 无锡 214081;2. 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心, 农业农村部淡水渔业与种质资源利用重点实验室, 江苏 无锡 214081 作者简介: 杨明(1990-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为水产动物抗逆育种.E-mail:18931340665@163.com 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S966 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31672633）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-48）；江苏省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目（JFRS-02）. Hypoxia and reoxygenation on antioxidant enzyme activities and histological structure of Macrobrachium nipponense Author: Affiliation: 1. Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China;2. Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academg of Fishery Sciences;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi 214081, China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为研究低氧胁迫及恢复后日本沼虾（）抗氧化酶活力和组织结构的变化，将体重（2.0±0.2） g的日本沼虾暴露于（2.0±0.2） mg/L低氧环境中24 h，设定溶解氧（6.0±0.2） mg/L为对照组，每组设置3个重复，于低氧胁迫0 h、6 h、12 h、24 h及复氧1 h、6 h、12 h、24 h分别采集实验组及对照组鳃、肝胰腺及肌肉组织，测定这些组织的抗氧化酶活力，并进行组织切片观察。实验结果表明，低氧胁迫期间肌肉组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）活力先升高后下降，3种酶活力在低氧胁迫12 h时显著高于对照组（<0.05）。鳃组织中SOD、CAT和GPX酶活力在低氧胁迫12 h时显著高于对照组（<0.05）。在低氧胁迫期间肝胰腺SOD、CAT和GPX酶活力在低氧6 h均达到最大值并显著高于对照组（<0.05）。低氧胁迫及恢复并未对肌肉组织结构产生明显的影响。鳃组织在低氧胁迫期间鳃小片上皮细胞与支柱细胞排列发生紊乱，次级层片发生肥大的现象且有红细胞流入，泌氯细胞形态发生变化且细胞数目有所增加，但复氧后均得到一定程度的恢复。肝胰腺组织在低氧胁迫期间B细胞数量逐渐降低，胞内运转泡体积减小，复氧阶段B细胞数量及体积恢复明显。结果表明急性低氧胁迫能够导致日本沼虾肝胰腺和鳃组织结构损伤并引起抗氧化酶活力发生显著变化，且24 h恢复期不足以让日本沼虾在低氧胁迫中完全恢复。 Abstract:This study examined the effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on antioxidant enzyme activities and the change in histological structure in with the body weight of (2.0±0.2) g. Experimental prawns were placed in a normal (control) group or hypoxia group with given dissolved oxygen of (6.0±0.2) mg/L and (2.0±0.2) mg/L, respectively. Each group was sampled in triplicate to measure the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the muscle, gill, and hepatopancreas under hypoxia at 0 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h, and under reoxygenation at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h. The histological structures of gill, muscle, and hepatopancreas were also observed. The results showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) enzymes in the muscle, gill, and hepatopancreas from the experimental group first increased and then declined, and the activities of the three enzymes were significantly higher than those of the control group at 12 h under hypoxia stress ( < 0.05). The activities of SOD and CAT in the muscle tissue of prawns in response to reoxygenation was fluctuated over time, and the activities of GPX under reoxygenation at 24 h was significantly lower than that of the control group ( < 0.05). The activities of SOD, CAT, and GPX in gill under hypoxia at 12 h were both significantly higher than that of the control group ( < 0.05), and there was significantly higher GPX enzyme activity under reoxygenation at 24 h than that of the control group ( < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the significantly higher SOD, CAT, and GPX activities in the hepatopancreas of prawns were observed at 6 h ( < 0.05), and the content of MDA in the hepatopancreas of prawns in response to hypoxia and reoxygenation was significantly higher than that that of the control group ( < 0.05). Observation of tissue by paraffin section revealed that hypoxia and recovery did not affect muscle tissue structure. Through the observation of the tissue section of the gill, it was found that the epithelial cells and the pillar cells were disordered after 12 h of hypoxia stress, and the secondary layer was hypertrophied. After 24 h of hypoxia, the secondary layer of hypertrophy was intensified and red blood cells inflowed. The morphology of the cells changed, and the number of cells increased, but it recovered to some extent after reoxygenation. During hypoxia stress, the number of B cells in the hepatopancreatic tissues significantly decreased, but the number and apparent volume of B cells recovered to the level of the control group after reoxygenation. The results showed that acute hypoxia can cause damage to the hepatopancreas and gill of , and affect the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, the results showed that acute hypoxia can cause damage to the hepatopancreas and gill of , and affect the activities of antioxidant enzymes. The 24 h recovery period was not sufficient for to completely recover from hypoxia stress. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Fisheries management and governance in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is considered as one of the most suitable riverine country endowed with the rich inland and marine fisheries resources with enormous aquaculture potential. The suitable geographical location of Bangladesh along with its huge number of aquatic species offer excellent opportunities for the effective utilization and management of fisheries resources. Fisheries sector in Bangladesh represents as one of the most productive and dynamic sectors in the country. The country’s fisheries sector plays a significant role in food security, employment, and foreign exchange earnings in the economy. The sector contributes 3.65% to the national GDP and 23.81% to the total agricultural GDP. Fish and fishery products are the country's second largest export commodity contributing 1.97 percent of its exchange earnings in 2015–2016. From the year 2000 to 2016, aquaculture production increased from 712,640 to 2,060,408 mt, which was much higher than wild capture production of 1.023 million mt in 2016. There has also been a recent increase in the value of fishery exports, with more than US $34.08 billion in 2010 rising to more than US $46.60 billion in 2015. However, fisheries production is well below production targets despite the large gains seen in the aquaculture sector. However, the fisheries sector in the 21st century is facing the challenges of food security for the increasing population, habitat degradation, urbanization, and industrial development. Development of responsible fisheries management and optimal use of water bodies can address those challenges. Since fishery is a productive growth sector in Bangladesh, it has high potential to contribute in the socioeconomic development of the country. In this paper, we also make an attempt to examine the current legal status of Bangladesh fisheries and constraints in the implementation of fisheries laws. It is identified that twelve fisheries regulations are executed for the regulation and management of the fisheries resources in Bangladesh. Among these laws, a few are historically important for the regulating and managing of fisheries. These laws are implemented with some amendments for the development of legal mechanisms for fisheries development of Bangladesh. The implementations of these laws often met limited success due to a number of shortcomings in the legislations. The constraints in the implementation are the lack of clear policy guidelines and strategy; inadequacy of existing regulatory framework, non-enforcement of legislation and jurisdictional conflicts, the absence of regular law review and updating mechanism and formulation of by-laws, rules, orders etc. However, in recent years, Bangladesh Government has taken some initiatives towards the conservation and management of fish stocks (e.g., hilsa fishery), both to optimize total production and ensure fisher’s livelihoods. Furthermore, a comprehensive legal framework is required for sustainable management of fisheries resources in Bangladesh.