User Tweets Research Articles

Toward Hate Speech Analysis: Sentiment Analysis for Food Brands Review on Twitter

Social media has been a real-world sensor to observe the pulse of society. Although it provides unique communication opportunities, it also brings along vital challenges. One of them is hate speech, which attacks a single individual or targeted groups. Previous researchers claim that among social networks, the Twitter platform is mostly used to spread hate speech. However, data on a larger scale makes it hard to capture and understand the nature of hate speech on Twitter within specific food brands. In this study, sentiment analysis techniques were used to filter hate speech on Twitter and on three popular food brands in Malaysia. This study was conducted in five phases, namely raw data collection, pre-processing, sentiment analysis, visualization, and performance evaluation. This corpus consists of 28,898 data samples based on user tweet searches. A Twitter API was created and SQLite was used to store all the sample data. VADER sentiment analysis is used to classify tweet sentiment into positive, negative, and neutral. In the visualization phase, these three food brands are visualized using a histogram to gain sentiment analysis insights. Then, three machine learning methods were implemented to predict the best model for sentiment analysis. The Decision Tree classifier outperforms the average accuracy in Support Vector Machine and Logistic Regression with 99.99% for the training data set. This study provides insights to assist humans in making decisions. With the growth of opinions expressed in multimedia on social media, such as spoken feedback on Twitter, sentiment analysis has the potential to become a more news aggregation and low-cost endeavour.

Artificial Intelligence Model for Risk Management in Healthcare Institutions: Towards Sustainable Development

This paper proposes an artificial intelligence model to manage risks in healthcare institutions. This model uses a trendy data source, social media, and employs users’ interactions to identify and assess potential risks. It employs natural language processing techniques to analyze the tweets of users and produce vivid insights into the types of risk and their magnitude. In addition, some big data analysis techniques, such as classification, are utilized to reduce the dimensionality of the data and manage the data effectively. The produced insights will help healthcare managers to make the best decisions for their institutions and patients, which can lead to a more sustainable environment. In addition, we build a mathematical model for the proposed model, and some closed-form relations for risk analysis, identification and assessment are derived. Moreover, a case study on the CVS institute of healthcare in the USA, and our subsequent findings, indicate that a quartile of patients’ tweets refer to risks in CVS services, such as operational, financial and technological risks, and the magnitude of these risks vary between high risk (19%), medium risk (80.4%) and low risk (0.6%). Further, several performance measures and a complexity analysis are given to show the validity of the proposed model.

Hawkes process marked with topics and its application to Twitter data analysis

On Twitter, complex networks of information propagation are observed. In this article, we propose a method to model the time interval of user's tweets by combining the marked Hawkes process and the Latent Dirichlet Allocation method. We also propose a method that quantifies how individual topics in tweets excite future tweets and visualize the results as a topic-wise Hawkes graph. As an application to actual data, we analyze the tweets from the American, Chinese, and British embassies from February 1, 2020, to September 27, 2020, a period that roughly corresponds to the initial outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Toward a Cognitive-Inspired Hashtag Recommendation for Twitter Data Analysis

This research investigates hashtag suggestions in a heterogeneous and huge social network, as well as a cognitive-based deep learning solution based on distributed knowledge graphs. Community detection is first performed to find the connected communities in a vast and heterogeneous social network. The knowledge graph is subsequently generated for each discovered community, with an emphasis on expressing the semantic relationships among the Twitter platform’s user communities. Each community is trained with the embedded deep learning model. To recommend hashtags for the new user in the social network, the correlation between the tweets of such user and the knowledge graph of each community is explored to set the relevant communities of such user. The models of the relevant communities are used to infer the hashtags of the tweets of such users. We conducted extensive testing to demonstrate the usefulness of our methods on a variety of tweet collections. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is more efficient than the baseline approaches in terms of both runtime and accuracy.

Aspect-Bas1ed Sentiment Analysis on Twitter Using Logistic Regression with FastText Feature Expansion

Social media has recently been widely used by users, especially Indonesians, as a place to express themselves in sentences, pictures, sounds, or videos. Twitter is one of the social media favored by people of diverse ages. Twitter is a social media that provides features like social media in general. However, Twitter has a unique feature where users can send or read text messages limited to only a few characters. Therefore, user tweets with topics related to a particular product can be utilized by companies to become input in the development of these products. This research was conducted using tweet data on the topic of Telkomsel, which is divided into two aspects, namely signal and service. Aspect-based sentiment analysis of Telkomsel was carried out using Logistic Regression with FastText feature expansion to reduce vocabulary mismatch in tweets so that the classification stage can be performed optimally. In addition, the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) sampling method was applied to overcome data imbalance. The test results prove that feature expansion can improve F1-Score values for signal and service aspects. For the signal aspect, F1-Score increased by 3.33% from the baseline with a value of 96.48%. While for the service aspect, F1-Score increased by 12.91% from the baseline with a value of 95.57%.

An Improved BiLSTM Approach for User Stance Detection Based on External Commonsense Knowledge and Environment Information

In the age of social networks, the number of tweets sent by users has led to a sharp rise in public opinion. Public opinions are closely related to user stances. User stance detection has become an important task in the field of public opinion. However, previous studies have not distinguished between user viewpoints and stances. These studies usually detected stance from the perspective of the tweet level but rarely the user level. Therefore, in this paper, we defined user stance, which is the user viewpoint (support, oppose, and neutral) toward the entire target event process. On this basis, we put forward a user stance detection method based on external commonsense knowledge (such as SenticNet) and environment information (such as a user’s historical tweets, topic information, and neighbor tweets) and denote this method as ECKEI. First, in order to better integrate external commonsense knowledge into the neural network, we improved BiLSTM and called it CK-BiLSTM for complementary commonsense information to the memory cell. Secondly, we used LDA to extract the topic of user tweets and designed a topic-driven module to capture the users’ neighbors’ information. Finally, we used the attention mechanism to integrate information from users’ historical tweets and neighbors’ tweets obtained through topic information; then, we used the softmax layer to classify user stances into the support, neutral and oppose classes. In this paper, we conducted experiments and assessments on datasets containing information on Brexit and the elections to verify the practicability and effectiveness of our proposed method. Extensive experimental results on the Brexit and elections datasets show that our approach outperforms six baseline methods (SVM-ngram, NB, MTTRE (RNN), Pkudblab (CNN), TAAT, and Aff-feature). We use the average micro-F1 and average accuracy to measure performance on the detection of a user’s stance. The ECKEI model makes improvements of 4.30–16.89% and 1.22–16.58% on the Brexit and election datasets, respectively, in terms of average micro-F1. Meanwhile, this model makes improvements of 4.24–17.46% and 0.48–14.64% on the Brexit and election datasets, respectively, in terms of average accuracy. Our model makes improvements of 5.34–17.30% and 2.65–19.73%, respectively, on the Brexit and election datasets in terms of average recall.

Analisis Sentimen Kepuasan Pelanggan Perusahaan Telekomunikasi Seluler Telkomsel di Twitter

Telkomsel, the largest operator in Indonesia with the most users, collects a significant amount of tweet data on Twitter, containing both positive and negative feedback about their internet service. Analyzing this data can provide valuable insights and accurate information about Telkomsel's internet services based on user tweets, retweets, and comments. The aim is to build a sentiment analysis model to extract relevant information from Telkomsel users' tweets on Twitter, serving as feedback for service evaluation and an educational tool for users. The sentiment analysis process involves data retrieval, preprocessing, training, testing, classification, and visualization using Python programming with the Flask framework. Analysis of customer satisfaction sentiment reveals that Telkomsel has a negative sentiment, with an accuracy of 81.7% for training data and 84% for testing data. The sentiment analysis model was built using the Naive Bayes Classification method.

Telkom University Opinion Topic Modeling on Twitter Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation During Covid-19 Pandemic

In the current digital era, the development of information technology is growing rapidly. The development of information technology is followed by the development of social media, one of the social media that is on the rise is Twitter. Because there are many Twitter users around the world, Twitter stores a lot of data that can be used for something, one of which is to determine the category of public opinion about a company or university, in this study the focus is more on the category of public opinion about Telkom University. The public opinion can be grouped or categorized to make it easier to determine the topic being discussed. Determining opinions manually will take a long time due to the large number of tweets. Therefore, there must be another method to determine the categories of public opinion on Twitter. One of them is the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) method with a dataset of tweets of Indonesian-language Twitter users. With this method, grouping tweets on a large scale is more efficient. From the modeling made, the most optimum results obtained with a coherence score using the c_umass method of -15.33029 with a combination of 9 topics, 0.31 alpha value, and 0.01 beta value.

Framework for Improved Sentiment Analysis via Random Minority Oversampling for User Tweet Review Classification

Social networks such as twitter have emerged as social platforms that can impart a massive knowledge base for people to share their unique ideas and perspectives on various topics and issues with friends and families. Sentiment analysis based on machine learning has been successful in discovering the opinion of the people using redundantly available data. However, recent studies have pointed out that imbalanced data can have a negative impact on the results. In this paper, we propose a framework for improved sentiment analysis through various ordered preprocessing steps with the combination of resampling of minority classes to produce greater performance. The performance of the technique can vary depending on the dataset as its initial focus is on feature selection and feature combination. Multiple machine learning algorithms are utilized for the classification of tweets into positive, negative, or neutral. Results have revealed that random minority oversampling can provide improved performance and it can tackle the issue of class imbalance.

Fake news detection on Twitter

Purpose Owing to the increased accessibility of internet and related technologies, more and more individuals across the globe now turn to social media for their daily dose of news rather than traditional news outlets. With the global nature of social media and hardly any checks in place on posting of content, exponential increase in spread of fake news is easy. Businesses propagate fake news to improve their economic standing and influencing consumers and demand, and individuals spread fake news for personal gains like popularity and life goals. The content of fake news is diverse in terms of topics, styles and media platforms, and fake news attempts to distort truth with diverse linguistic styles while simultaneously mocking true news. All these factors together make fake news detection an arduous task. This work tried to check the spread of disinformation on Twitter. Design/methodology/approach This study carries out fake news detection using user characteristics and tweet textual content as features. For categorizing user characteristics, this study uses the XGBoost algorithm. To classify the tweet text, this study uses various natural language processing techniques to pre-process the tweets and then apply a hybrid convolutional neural network–recurrent neural network (CNN-RNN) and state-of-the-art Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) transformer. Findings This study uses a combination of machine learning and deep learning approaches for fake news detection, namely, XGBoost, hybrid CNN-RNN and BERT. The models have also been evaluated and compared with various baseline models to show that this approach effectively tackles this problem. Originality/value This study proposes a novel framework that exploits news content and social contexts to learn useful representations for predicting fake news. This model is based on a transformer architecture, which facilitates representation learning from fake news data and helps detect fake news easily. This study also carries out an investigative study on the relative importance of content and social context features for the task of detecting false news and whether absence of one of these categories of features hampers the effectiveness of the resultant system. This investigation can go a long way in aiding further research on the subject and for fake news detection in the presence of extremely noisy or unusable data.

Depression Detection on Twitter Using Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory

The usage of social media as a platform for individual expression is one example of how the advancement of technology has an impact on society. Therefore, many Twitter users show symptoms of depressive disorders through their tweets. It is crucial to be aware of the need to consult a doctor or other specialists to prevent suicides. However, leveraging Twitter user tweet data to detect depression early on can be avoided by using the Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (BILSTM) approach and the word2vec feature extraction method. The dataset utilized in this study was obtained from respondents who agreed to have their data used in research after completing a questionnaire based on the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales - 42 (DASS-42). The whole data from 159 users of Twitter who have been classified as depressed or normal based on the results of the DASS-42 labeling are then preprocessed so that the data can be entered into the word2vec feature extraction and modeled by BiLSTM as a classification. The evaluation revealed an accuracy of 83.46 % and an f1-score of 87.11 %. By increasing the number of neurons, accuracy increased by 2.36 %, and f1-score climbed by 1.64 %.

A Two-Level Multi-Modal Analysis for Depression Detection From Online Social Media

According to World Health Organization statistics, depression is a prominent cause of concern worldwide, leading to suicide in the majority of these cases if left untreated. Nowadays, social media is a great place for users to express themselves through text, emoticons, images, etc., which reflect their thoughts and moods. This has opened up the possibility of studying social networks in order to better comprehend the mental states of their participants. The primary goal of the research is to examine Twitter user personas and tweets in order to uncover traits that may signal depressive symptoms among online users. A two-level depression detection method is proposed in which suspected depressed individuals are identified using social media features, personality traits, temporal and sentiment analysis of user biographies. Using the support vector machine classifier, these qualities are integrated with additional linguistic and topic features to achieve an accuracy of 89%. According to the research, effective feature selection and their combinations aid in enhancing performance.

Sentiment analysis on Twitter data integrating TextBlob and deep learning models: The case of US airline industry

Twitter being among the popular social media platforms, provide peoples’ opinions regarding specific ideas, products, services, etc. The large amounts of shared data as tweets can help extract users’ sentiment and provide valuable feedback to improve the quality of products and services alike. Similar to other service industries, the airline industry utilizes such feedback for determining customers’ satisfaction levels and improving the quality of experience where needed. This, of course, requires accurate sentiments from the user tweets. Existing sentiment analysis models suffer from low accuracy on account of the contradictions found in the tweet text and the assigned label. From this perspective, this study proposes a hybrid sentiment analysis approach where the lexicon-based methods are used with deep learning models to improve sentiment accuracy. Experiments involve analyzing the impact of TextBlob on the classification accuracy of models as against the original annotations, considering that the probability of the false annotations cannot be overlooked. Furthermore, the efficacy of TextBlob against Afinn and VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning) is also evaluated. The CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory), GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit), and CNN-LSTM are deployed in comparison with state-of-the-art machine learning models. Additionally, the efficiency and efficacy of TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) and BoW (Bag of Words) are also investigated. Results suggest that models perform better when trained using the TextBlob assigned sentiments as compared to the original sentiments in the dataset. LSTM-GRU outperforms all models and previous studies with the highest 0.97 accuracy and 0.96 F1 scores. From machine learning models, the support vector classifier and extra tree classifier achieve the highest accuracy score of 0.92, with TF-IDF and BoW, respectively. Despite the good performance of the models using the TextBlob labels, TextBlob-based annotation cannot replace humans. Our stance is that with humans, bias, error-proneness, and subjectivity cannot be ignored; so we propose that the TextBlob-annotated labels can be used as assistance for human annotators where human annotators can wet the TextBlob-annotated dataset.

General Depression Detection Analysis Using IndoBERT Method

Many of the tweets we discover on Twitter are concerning feelings of depression which will be caused by varied things. The amount of tweets additionally continues to increase. To be able to decide however depressed a user is, analysing tweets from users can facilitate with that. The method of analysing the detection of depression can help to supply applicable treatment for users who are detected to own depression. During this paper, the users to be analysed are users who have more than 1000 tweets and are Indonesian tweets. Then, crawling / retrieval of user tweet data is carried out. After that, data pre-processing is done. Once that done, using the IndoBERT method to classify the data obtained. In the end, this paper provides the accuracy value of this detection analysis using the IndoBERT method with an accuracy value of 51% and F1-Score of 31%.

We Know You Are Living in Bali: Location Prediction of Twitter Users Using BERT Language Model

Twitter user location data provide essential information that can be used for various purposes. However, user location is not easy to identify because many profiles omit this information, or users enter data that do not correspond to their actual locations. Several related works attempted to predict location on English-language tweets. In this study, we attempted to predict the location of Indonesian tweets. We utilized machine learning approaches, i.e., long-short term memory (LSTM) and bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) to infer Twitter users’ home locations using display name in profile, user description, and user tweets. By concatenating display name, description, and aggregated tweet, the model achieved the best accuracy of 0.77. The performance of the IndoBERT model outperformed several baseline models.

Integrating social media and field investigations to monitor contaminated sites

Field investigations can be used to accurately monitor contaminated sites; however, their high cost makes it impossible to realise real-time monitoring over a large area (e.g. on a national scale). Although the use of social media enables the large-scale, real-time, and low-cost monitoring of contaminated sites, its effectiveness is flawed. In this study, we propose a novel framework by integrating field investigations and social media data to monitor contaminated sites, using China as an example. Our analyses indicated that the number of positive, negative, and neutral tweets posted by social media users accounted for 38.8%, 57.5%, and 3.7% of the study area, respectively, exhibiting a positive trend over time in different provinces. The number of user tweets and contaminated sites indicates similar trends, and there is significant spatial agglomeration between the two datasets; the former can explain 36.2% of the difference among different provinces in the latter. Additionally, when the number of user tweets increased by one, the mean number of potentially contaminated sites increased by 0.38. In cities, after major contaminated site incidents, the number of user tweets and negative sentiments significantly increased. The present results suggest that social media and field investigations complement each other and can provide support for the real-time monitoring of contaminated sites on a global scale in the future.

Measuring Social Solidarity During Crisis: The Role of Design Choices

Building on our previous work, we assess how social solidarity towards migrants and refugees has changed before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, by collecting and analyzing a large, novel, and longitudinal dataset of migration-related tweets. To this end, we first annotate above 2000 tweets for (anti-) solidarity expressions towards immigrants, utilizing two annotation approaches (experts vs. crowds). On these annotations, we train a BERT model with multiple data augmentation strategies, which performs close to the human upper bound. We use this high-quality model to automatically label over 240 000 tweets between September 2019 and June 2021. We then assess the automatically labeled data for how statements related to migrant (anti-)solidarity developed over time, before and during the COVID-19 crisis. Our findings show that migrant solidarity became increasingly salient and contested during the early stages of the pandemic but declined in importance since late 2020, with tweet numbers falling slightly below pre- pandemic levels in summer 2021. During the same period, the share of anti-solidarity tweets increased in a sub- sample of COVID-19-related tweets. These findings highlight the importance of long-term observation, pre- and post-crisis comparison, and sampling in research interested in crisis related effects. As one of our main contributions, we outline potential pitfalls of an analysis of social solidarity trends: for example, the ratio of solidarity and anti-solidarity statements depends on the sampling design, i.e., tweet language, Twitter-user accounts' national identification (country known or unknown) and selection of relevant tweets. In our sample, the share of anti-solidarity tweets is higher in native (German) language tweets and among “anonymous” Twitter users writing in German compared to English-language tweets of users located in Germany.

SVM and Naïve Bayes Algorithm Comparison for User Sentiment Analysis on Twitter

With the emergence of the Peduli Protect application, which is used by the government to monitor the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia, it turns out to be reaping the pros and cons of public opinion on Twitter. From this phenomenon, a research was conducted by mapping the sentiment analysis of twitter users towards the Peduli Protect application. This study aims to compare two classification algorithms that are included in the supervised learning category. The two algorithms are Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naïve Bayes. The two algorithms are implemented in analyzing the sentiment analysis of twitter user reviews on the Peduli Protect application. The dataset used in this research is tweets of twitter users with a total of 4,782 tweets. Then, compared to how much accuracy and processing time required of the two algorithms. The stages of the method in this research are: collecting data from user tweets with a crawling technique, preprocessing text, weighting words using the TF-IDF method, classification using the SVM and Naïve Bayes algorithm, k-fols cross validation test, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the accuracy of the SMV algorithm with the k-fold test method was 86% and the split 8020 technique resulted in an accuracy of 79%. Meanwhile, the Naïve Bayes algorithm produces an accuracy of 85% with k-fold, and an accuracy of 80% with a split 8020. From these results it can be concluded that both algorithms have the same level of accuracy, only different in processing time, where Naïve Bayes algorithm is faster with time required 0.0094 seconds.

Twitter Sentiment Analysis Using Social-Spider Lex Feature-Based Syntactic-Senti Rule Recurrent Neural Network Classification

Social platforms have become one of the major sources of unstructured text. Investigating the unstructured text and interpreting the meaning is a complex job. Sentiment Analysis is an emerging approach as the social platforms have lot of opinionated data. 1 It uses language processing, classification of texts and linguistics to retrieve the opinions from the text. Twitter is a micro blogging site which is popular amongst the social users as it is a vast open data-platform and it witnesses lot of sentiments. Twitter Sentiment Analysis is a process of automatic mining of user tweets for opinions, emotions, attitude to derive useful insights into community opinions and classify the opinions as well. Due to the enormous increase in the number of collaborative tweets, it has become complex to identify the terms that carries sentiments. Also, the unstructured tweets may have non-relevant terms and reduce the classification accuracy. To address these issues, we propose a Social-Spider Lex Feature Ensemble Model-Based Syntactic-Senti Rule prediction Recurrent Neural Network Classifier (S2LFEM-S2RRNN) to obtain better classification accuracy. Twitter is used as source of data and we have extracted the tweets using Twitter API. Initially, data pre-processing is done to remove unwanted data, symbols and content terms are extracted to improvise the dataset. Then, the significant lexical content terms are extracted employing the proposed Social Spider Lex Feature Ensemble Model (S2LFEM) based on Syntactic-Senti Rule Prediction. The semantics 4 of the terms are analysed on the verbs, subjectivity of the tweet patterns to count the overall weightage of tweets. Based on tweet weightage Recurrent Neural Network is trained to classify the tweets int to positive, negative and neutral. The experiment results show that the proposed classifier outperforms the existing models for sentiment classification in terms of accuracy with a performance score 94.1%.

FEBDNN: fusion embedding-based deep neural network for user retweeting behavior prediction on social networks.

Due to the fast growing amount of user generated content (UGC) on social networks, the prediction of retweeting behavior is attracting significant attention in recent years. However, the existing studies tend to ignore the influence of implicit social influence and group retweeting factor factors. Also, it is still challenging to consider all related factors into a unified framework. To solve the above disadvantages, we propose a novel deep neural network fusion embedding-based deep neural network (FEBDNN) through the perspective of user embedding and tweets embedding for the author and the user’s historical tweets. Firstly, we propose dual auto-encoder (DAE) network for user embedding by integrating user’s basic features, explicit and implicit social influence and group retweeting factor. Then, we utilize the attention-based F_BLSTM_CNN(A_F_BLSTM_CNN) model for historical tweets’ representative embedding based on the combination of convolutional neural network (CNN) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM). Finally, we concatenate these embedding features into a vector and design a hidden layer and a fully connected softmax layer to predict the retweeting label. The experimental results demonstrate that the FEBDNN model compares favorably performance against the state-of-the-art methods.