Use Of Geographic Information Systems Research Articles

Mapping Longitudinal and Transverse Displacements of a Dam Crest Based on the Synergy of High-Precision Remote Sensing

Reservoirs are highly relevant infrastructure assets, and now, more than ever, they play an essential role in society’s welfare and national security. Their importance is related to regional socioeconomic development due to their capacity to store water for different uses, such as human consumption, agricultural irrigation, flood control, and hydroelectric energy production, among other important services. However, many reservoirs are reaching the end of their period of life, and others are showing undesired displacements and cracking. Four 3D surveys were conducted on a reservoir that serves the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey City in Mexico. These surveys were carried out over a period of 5 years using GNSS observation to assist in understanding the actual dam kinematics, i.e., the behavior of its longitudinal and transversal displacements and the possible correlation with the reservoir level. The high-precision leveling and close-range remote sensing data were assessed and then mapped. The high-precision geodetic and leveling techniques allowed us to locate and measure 84 established permanent control points with errors of about ± 0.003 m. The mapping of displacements was made possible by modeling the positive and negative translations. The highest uplifts (11 mm) occurred at the left riverbank, and the highest subsidences (−5 mm) occurred along the downstream piers from the middle of the dam crest to the right riverbank. A ground laser scanner (GLS) produced 3D digital models with geometrical and radiometric characteristics, detecting displacements among the dam crest elements. The synergy of GNSS and high-leveling techniques allows the possibility to measure displacements, while the use of geographical information system (GIS) and geomatic techniques allows a better visualization through 2D and 3D maps validated using traditional topographical methods.

Use of Geographic Information System for Selection of Sustainable Waste Disposal Site in Owerri West, Imo State, Nigeria

Use of Geographic Information System for Selection of Sustainable Waste Disposal Site in Owerri West, Imo State, Nigeria

Neighborhood Access to the Built Environment and Allostatic Load: A Systematic Review of the Use of Geographic Information Systems

Objectives: This paper systematically reviews how spatial analysis has been used to measure relationships between access to the built environment and Allostatic Load (AL) or biomarkers relevant to the stress pathway. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) facilitate objective measurement of built environment access that may explain unequal health outcomes linked to living in stressful environments.Methods: Systematic review, search date 13 July 2022 with methods published a priori. Included studies that quantitatively assessed associations between GIS measures of neighborhood attributes and biomarkers of stress.Results: 23 studies from 14 countries were included having used GIS measures to assess relationships between access to the built environment and biomarkers relevant to AL, with 17 being cross-sectional and 6 longitudinal. Just 2 studies explicitly assessed associations between GIS measures and AL, but 21 explored biomarkers relevant to the stress pathway. GIS was used to calculate density (how much of x within y) and proximity (how far from a to b) measures.Conclusion: GIS measures of greenspace, the food environment, area-level demographics, and land-use measures were found to influence biomarkers relevant to the stress pathway, highlighting the utility of this approach. GIS use is extremely limited when measuring the built environment and its influence on AL but has been widely used to consider effects on individual biomarkers of stress.Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=348355], identifier [CRD42022348355].

Marine Suitability Assessment for Offshore Wind Farms’ Deployment in Thrace, Greece

The exploitation of renewable energy resources is an effective option to respond to climate change challenges. Wind energy can be exploited more efficiently and effectively than any other renewable energy source. By switching from onshore wind energy projects to offshore, the positive aspects of onshore wind energy remain and, at the same time, no valuable onshore area is occupied, while their efficiency (e.g., capacity factor) is increased. Greece has a rich wind potential and the maritime region of Thrace is one of Greece’s maritime regions with the greatest potential for the development of offshore wind energy. The aim of the present paper is to identify the most appropriate sites for the deployment of offshore wind farms in the region of Thrace. The methodology includes (i) the delineation of the study area and the definition of the support structure of the wind turbine, (ii) the identification of seven (7) exclusion and fifteen (15) assessment criteria, (iii) the suitability analysis under five different zoning scenarios (equal weight, environmental, social, techno-economic, and researchers’ subjective), and (iv) the micro siting and qualitative assessment of the most suitable sites based on energy, environmental, social, and economic criteria. The methodology is based on the combined use of Geographical Information Systems (GISs), specifically ArcGIS Desktop version 10.8.1, wind assessment software tools (WaSPs), specifically WaSP version 12.8, and multi-criteria decision-making methods. The results of the paper illustrate that the optimal suitability area that is proposed for offshore wind farm deployment is located at the easternmost end of the Greek part of the Thracian Sea. The planning and the deployment of offshore wind farm projects should follow a holistic and environmentally driven approach to ensure the integrity of all habitats and species affected.

Using cluster analysis to identify communities of interest for purposes of legislative redistricting: A case study of parishes in Louisiana

The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology has been found to limit the kinds of communities that can in principle achieve political representation through redistricting because the process excludes “communities of interest” (COIs) that cannot be mapped. We argue that these limits can be overcome using empirically based variables to define a COI in conjunction with an empirically based classification system, cluster analysis. Our argument is based on a case study of a legislative redistricting case in which we examined the cultural, economic, demographic, historic, and social characteristics upon which a COI would be defined. We employed an empirically and scientifically based classification system called “cluster analysis” to determine if these two geographically-separated groups of parishes form a single COI, which, in turn, would serve as a justification for them being placed together into reorganized congressional District 5. We find that East Carroll Parish and its six neighboring parishes (Franklin, Madison, Morehouse, Richland, Tensas, and West Carroll) are in a different COI grouping than East Baton Rouge Parish. Moreover, from the COI perspective, East Baton Rouge Parish should not be included in proposed plans involving a proposed RCD5 that include East Carroll Parish and its six neighboring parishes. This finding also applies to Lafayette Parish, both in whole and in part. This finding is not only relevant because COIs are important in redistricting, but it demonstrates that the limits identified in regard to the use of GIS-based technology in identifying COIs can be surmounted.

Modeling the paths of ethno-political traditions and building cultural routes by means of ethnodesign and GIS

The growing value of distinctive culture in the context of modern global civilisation makes it important to study the possibilities of ethnodesign to identify identity attributes and, at the same time, to search for integration meanings. In this sense, it is of great unifying cultural significance and relevance to identify by means of ethnodesign the sustainable visual features of ethno-political traditions of the past on the paths of their ancient movements, which were often migratory and as of the beginning of the 21st century can be modelled within several modern states with the subsequent construction of relevant international cultural routes by means of geographic information systems. The purpose of this work was to develop a methodology for modeling the paths of movement of ethnopolitical traditions – geospiritual modeling with the approbation of scientific and research possibilities of ethnodesign for the construction of cultural routes with the use of geographical information systems on the example of the location field of the ancient ruthenians, or rus/rug/ros – of the annalistic “rus family” and the ancestors. The author’s methodology of inheritance of culture is applied – a complex of methods for the developing processing of a unique cultural space based on the methods of complex source studies, comparative stylistic analysis and interdisciplinary semantic synthesis according to the general theory of systems. The results of the research were the confirmation of the continental polycentricity of the rus’ ethnopolitical tradition thanks to the clarification of its essential content and the main visual and graphic representation based on archaeological and heraldic artifacts, sacred ethnonymy and onomastics with the identification of the main locations, proposals for the construction of relevant international cultural routes. On this example, the methodological foundations of geospiritual modelling and terminological definitions on ethnocultural dynamics were formulated, which have scientific novelty, ideological content and practical value for the formation of databases and algorithms in relevant geographic information systems, and in general for international cultural cooperation in this area

A Scoping Review of GIS Mapping of Type 1 Diabetes in Children: Identifying Current Gaps and Future Research Directions Using PRISMA-ScR.

Type 1 Diabetes poses a significant public health threat, especially in low-and-middle countries, where resources are limited. The use of geographical information systems in diabetes research has shown the potential to reveal several epidemiological risk factors. This scoping review aimed to identify the scope and extent of the current literature and explore its limitations on the geographical mapping of children with type 1 diabetes. A scoping review was conducted using five electronic databases and included studies published between the years 2000 and 2023. The search terms included: "Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus", "GIS mapping", "Juvenile Onset Diabetes Mellitus", "Spatial Epidemiology", "Spatial Clustering", "Spatial analysis", and "Geographic information system". Relevant full-text articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected for review. The search identified 17 studies that met the criteria for inclusion in the review. More than half the studies were conducted before 2015 (n=11; 61%). All studies were conducted in High-Income Countries. More than 10 articles studied environmental factors, 3 of them focused on the environment, 6 of them included sociodemographic factors, and 1 study incorporated nutrition (as a variable) in environmental factors. 2 studies focused on the accessibility of health services by pediatric patients. Studies on type 1 diabetes highlight the complex relationship between incidence and risk, suggesting comprehensive prevention and treatment. Geographical mapping has potential in low- and middle-income nations, but further research is needed to develop innovative strategies. The importance of geomappping in understanding the risk factors for Type 1 Diabetes is highlighted in this scoping review, which also suggests a possible direction for focused interventions, particularly in settings with low resources.

Assessment of the accessibility of public transport in the Tricity (Poland): analytical use of geographical information systems (GIS) in the context of selected public transport measures

ABSTRACT The Tricity consists of three coastal cities – Gdańsk, Gdynia and Sopot – which also form the core of the Tricity agglomeration. They are among the main development centres of the country. Proper access to public transport for residents is crucial for the sustainable development of the agglomeration. Although the cities are connected by functional links in different areas, the further development of a coherent public transport system is problematic. It is therefore crucial to formulate the question of how these cities can develop the public (collective) transport network? Do residents have access to it and does it meet their needs? Are these measures complementary? A proprietary methodological approach using QGIS and ORS tools was used to conduct the survey. The results of the survey show that 83.5% of Tri-City residents have the nearest train, bus, tram or trolleybus stop within a 5-minute walk of their place of residence. This is followed by 14.39% of residents having a stop within 10 min, 1.47% within 15 min and 0.20% within 20 min. Unfavourable time accessibility applies to 0.45% of residents. The findings of the study may help Tricity local authorities to develop a sustainable public transport policy.

Modelling and Mapping of Aboveground Carbon of Oluwa Forest Reserve Using LandSat 8 TM and Forest Inventory Data

This study was conducted in Oluwa Forest Reserve to assess and predict its aboveground carbon sequestration potentials using LandSat Thematic Mapper data. The Oluwa Forest Reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria, is recognized for its rich biodiversity and extensive size. To estimate its forest aboveground biomass and carbon should be complex and costly endeavour requiring the expertise of various professionals and equipment. Consequently, this study explored the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technology using LandSat bands to estimate spectral indices in fitting linear models to predict the aboveground carbon sequestration potentials of the tropical rainforest ecosystem of Oluwa Forest Reserve. The observed aboveground carbon from sample plots and the estimated spectral indices were used to model the spread of aboveground carbon of Oluwa Forest Reserve. Positive linear relationship exists between the observed and the spectral indices data estimated. Therefore, linear models were fitted and the best-fit was determined using statistical measures. The aboveground carbon average estimated from the sample plots and the predicted were 150.70 t/ha and 149.80 t/ha, respectively. The coefficient of determination 94% and Root Mean Square Error = 6.38E-16, respectively were obtained statistically. The chosen model predicts the aboveground carbon spread of Oluwa Forest Reserve adequately. The study revealed that spectral data, GIS and RS are critical for large forest aboveground carbon modelling and mapping for efficiency.

Assessing road vulnerability in seismic conditions: a comprehensive study

Road infrastructure is indispensable for societal functionality, yet it is highly susceptible to the devastating impacts of seismic events. This paper focuses on enhancing the resilience of road systems by systematically identifying, quantifying, and assessing factors contributing to their vulnerability during earthquakes. The core objective of this study is to develop and validate a seismic vulnerability index for road sections, which aims to evaluate and classify the susceptibility of road infrastructure to earthquake-induced damage comprehensively. This systematic approach is pivotal for guiding effective mitigation strategies and prioritization efforts. To fulfill this objective, the study employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to introduce a novel methodology for calculating the seismic vulnerability index, incorporating various factors that influence road vulnerability. This method allows for the accurate classification of road sections into distinct levels of susceptibility, providing a solid foundation for implementing targeted interventions and enhancing road resilience. Further, the paper validates the theoretical model through several case studies, demonstrating the practical applicability and effectiveness of the seismic vulnerability index in real-world scenarios. Additionally, the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to simulate earthquake scenarios within an urban road network offers valuable insights into the potential seismic behavior of roads. These simulations are crucial for identifying critical areas that require intervention and for planning resilience-building efforts more effectively. By proposing a comprehensive framework that combines rigorous analysis, empirical validation, and advanced simulation techniques, this paper seeks to make a significant contribution to the field of infrastructure resilience. It aims to advance the understanding of road vulnerability in seismic conditions and supports the development of strategic approaches for enhancing the resilience of road infrastructure against earthquakes. Through the development and validation of a seismic vulnerability index, this study meets its primary objective, providing a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in disaster management and infrastructure planning.

Застосування ArcGIS для оптимізації військового планування

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the advantages of using this software in comparison with a paper map. Theoretical justification of practical software studies. In modern conditions of military conflict, where strategic management and decision-making determine the effectiveness of actions on the battlefield, the use of advanced technologies becomes an integral part of the functioning of the Armed Forces. One of the key areas of innovation in this context is the use of geographic information systems (GIS), which provide unit commanders with the means to obtain, analyze, and use spatial information. This article is intended to review the practical experience of using GIS in the Armed Forces, particularly focusing on important aspects related to unit management. The basis of our research is the experience and use of the ArcGIS geoinformation system, which was used in the military. The main advantages and capabilities of this system from the point of view of the unit commander are considered, as well as how these technologies can improve leadership and interaction on the battlefield. Method. Methods of analysis of key system functions, including ArcMap, ArcScene, and other modules, were used to understand their potential for unit management. A comparison with paper maps was made: a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the implementation of regulations on paper topographic maps and in ArcGIS software. Methods of systematization and generalization of scientific information: the advantages of 3D Visualization are highlighted, the study of ArcScene capabilities to improve understanding of the terrain in a three-dimensional format, details and advantages of using special tools for military analysis and management. The results. As a result of the study of the use of the ArcGIS geoinformation system by the unit commander, it was established that the implementation of ArcGIS significantly accelerates a number of actions related to the deployment of artillery, the time required to hit an unplanned target is reduced. Tactical planning is improved: the use of Military Tools for ArcGIS allows the commander to effectively manage and control the actions of his units and the enemy, the creation of tactical symbols and artificial maps simplifies the planning of tasks and responding to unexpected circumstances. The use of 3D Visualization in ArcScene allows you to get a three-dimensional overview of the area, improving the perception of the commander of the unit of the situation. Built-in functions such as centering and zooming in on the target make it easy to monitor objects in real time. The obtained results indicate the great potential and advantages of using the ArcGIS geographic information system in military management, which can lead to an increase in the efficiency and success of military operations. The scientific novelty is that although the ArcGIS software is in service with many NATO countries and is being implemented in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, it is determined that only this program should be used in the Armed Forces of Ukraine for digital maps and direct research that would determine the advantages of this product and analyze there are no particularities of application. The main focus of the research is on the features of ArcGIS application. The components of ArcGIS were identified, their analysis and prospects in the military sector were carried out. Practical meaning. As a result of the study of the use of the geographic information system ArcGIS by the commander of the unit, a significant potential for improving operational management and decision-making in the conditions of military operations was revealed. The use of ArcGIS allows you to speed up actions, improve tactical planning, provide three-dimensional visualization of the terrain and optimize geodetic calculations. The obtained results confirm the importance and necessity of using modern geoinformation tools in the military leadership to ensure the efficiency and success of military operations.

Modelling the Database Development for Waqf Land in District of Melaka Tengah Malaysia

The development of waqaf land database is an agenda that is increasingly given significant attention by the agency or institution around the world as that is the driving force to improving for management dan administation waqaf land. However, waqaf institutions have not yet been seen as institutions that can solve the management and administration problems of waqaf land. This is because there are problems in terms of registration and good procedures including in the State of Malacca. This study will comprehensively look at the waqaf system according to the latest technological developments such as the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) software. The method of interviewing those who are directly involved with waqf institutions, namely Majlis Agama Islam Melaka (MAIM) officials, land administrators at land officers and local authority officials has been conducted. In addition, site visits are also carried out on waqaf land or buildings. The results of the study shows that many data and documents related to waqaf are incomplete and not updated as they should be. MAIM is facing difficulties in developing its waqaf land due to the problem. Finally, this study presents some suggestions that can help strengthen the management and administration of MAIM such as prioritizing the waqaf land database system like the use of Mapinfo software for recording purposes. It can only be achieved if the lack of integration, lack of coordination and waqaf procedures can be overcome, then waqaf land registration can be collected and consolidated.

Analysis of Dengue Incidence in Piauí: A Study Using Spatial Statistics

This study aims to perform an analysis of the spatial distribution of confirmed dengue cases in the state of Piauí in 2022, using geoprocessing techniques and exploratory analysis of spatial data, including spatial statistics. The introduction emphasizes the importance of disease mapping for public health, mentioning the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and geoprocessing techniques.

Ghost Gears in the Gulf of Gabès: Alarming Situation and Sustainable Solution Perspectives

This study represents a first step in investigating the prevalence, causes, and spatial distribution of Abandoned, Lost, or Discarded Fishing Gears (ALDFGs) in the Gulf of Gabès, a critical fishing area in Tunisia. Five main fishing gear types—benthic trawls, encircling nets, longlines, gillnets, and trammel nets were analysed for their loss rates and contributing factors. The study involved extensive surveys among local fishermen and the use of geographic information system (GIS) tools for spatial mapping. The findings reveal varying loss rates among different gear types, with longlines experiencing the highest losses (59%), followed by trammel nets (45%), gillnets (40%), trawls (38%), and encircling nets (36%). Causes of gear loss include entanglement on obstructions, conflicts with other fishing gears, entanglement with marine animals, adverse weather conditions, and intentional dumping at sea. The study highlights the challenges posed by the consistent increase in fishing effort in the region. Spatial distribution mapping indicates two significant concentrations of ALDFGs, correlating with specific fishing activities and depths. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing gear losses as a threat to marine biodiversity and ecosystem health. Recommendations for mitigation include improving boat equipment, raising awareness among fishermen, implementing effective waste management, and exploring economic incentives for ALDFG recovery. This research contributes essential insights for fisheries management, environmental conservation, and sustainable practices in the Gulf of Gabès. Collaborative efforts are crucial for developing and implementing strategies that minimize the impact of ALDFGs on the marine environment while supporting the socio-economic interests of fishermen.

Effects of Climatic Variations and Changing Land Use/Land Cover on Flooding in Southern Nigeria

The prevalence of flooding in Nigeria in the past few years (with its devastating consequences) has become a source of concern for policymakers and researchers alike. Scholars have attributed the high frequency of flooding, particularly in the southern region of Nigeria, to several factors; climatic variation and land use/land cover changes are themes that fall under the domain of natural and anthropogenic causes of flooding, respectively. This study examined climatic variations and changing land use/land cover in southern Nigeria with the view of determining their synergistic effects on flooding. We adopted a mixed approach for data collection with the use of Geographic Information System (GIS), retrieval of primary data from meteorological stations in the region, and field surveys. Findings show a significant decrease in rural land uses like arable lands, wetlands, and undisturbed forests; while there was a corresponding increase in urban/peri-urban land uses like settlements and tree-crop plantations over the period from 1999 to 2019. The land use/land cover changes have manifested in the destabilization of the microclimate, distortion of the carbon circle, loss of biodiversity, reduction of ecosystem services of the natural areas, and flooding. The decadal rainfall trends over the past three decades show consistent extremities with mean rainfall duration decreasing while the mean intensity increases; aggravating soil erosion, urban runoff challenges, and flooding. Climatic variations (mainly extreme rainfall patterns) synergize with inefficient land use management to exacerbate flooding in southern Nigeria. While policymakers in this region may not have the standalone capacity to significantly control climate change and the consequential variations in the local microclimate, they can re engineer land use policies to eliminate or substantially degrade anthropogenic factors that exacerbate flooding.

EFFECT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN THE SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

The greenhouse gas emissions from Animal production related activities has turn out to be an important cause of global warming. This can be attributed to the continent-wide massive burdens arising from the switch in food consumption pattern. Anthropogenic activitiesrelated to livestock production contribute 37% of methane (CH4) emission, 9% of carbon dioxide (CO2) output and utilize 8% of the world water. An estimated aggregate of 7.1 billion tonnes of CO2 are generated by the feed and livestock industries. The effect of global warming is presently being experienced such as unstable rainfall pattern, drought, extended walk in search of pasture and water, coupled with significant impact on livestock productivity (rate of weight gainand milk production potentials).The potential of Sub-Saharan Africa to achieve sustainable animal production is being threatened by global warming, it is. therefore necessary to leverage on the use of livestock breed that combine the heat tolerance of the local stock with the high milk yield of the exotic breed (crossbreeding) to produce an improved breed of livestock. Ameliorative strategies such as strategic supplementation of diets, matching genetics to specific systems and management of manure with potential to improve productivity of livestock should be included into livestock production systems in the Sub-Sahara Africa. The use of Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques will also assist to acquire ideal results on susceptibility of smallholder farmers. Finally, there is the need for shift in policy to promote the livelihood of indigenous livestock farmers under favourable environmental conditions.

Flood risk assessment, a case study in an arid environment of Southeast Morocco

Abstract Since the early 1980s, several regions of Morocco have experienced alternating series of wet and dry periods related to climate change, with significant consequences for the country’s economy. This study aims to map flood hazards by using a hydraulic modeling approach, with a specific focus on the Oued (river) Zaouiat Sidi Hamza passing through Zaouiat Sidi Hamza township belonging to the High Ziz watershed (province of Midelt, region of Drâa-Tafilalet, Morocco). Hydraulic modeling and flood simulation were carried out followed by mapping of the flood hazard. The Oued Zaouiat Sidi Hamza River can cause torrential flooding issues, particularly during periods of heavy storms, impacting agricultural land and certain buildings on both river banks. All the cultivated areas developed alongside the river are at risk of flooding. Moreover, undermining and erosion of the river’s banks lead to rising high-water levels and flooding agricultural terraces. The use of geographic information systems and hydraulic modeling tools is essential to gain a deeper understanding of this situation. Also, the mapping of lineaments and fractures in the study area, carried out by satellite image processing, helped to quantify the directional influence of these lineaments on the flow of the hydrographic network, on the orientation of the circulation of surface water, and on the storage of groundwater. According to this study, the most vulnerable areas to flooding and erosion are those that receive the most water in the basin and have steep slopes. Decision-makers can use the results to produce development plans tailored to combat these risks and raise awareness among the population concerned, improving water resource evaluation and forecasting, as well as improving agricultural production.

SUITABILITY ANALYSIS FOR URBAN BICYCLE TOURISM OF ILOILO CITY USING GIS

Abstract. Urban bicycle tourism refers to the recreational and enjoyable use of bicycles in navigating urban cities like Iloilo City. The city has already established an 11-kilometer cycling infrastructure within its boundaries. It is imperative to maximize its use to combat the negative impacts of rapid urbanization and promote safe and sustainable transportation. This paper shows the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to assess the bike lanes network's suitability and accessibility for building a bike-sharing system that also caters to drop-off and ride-on points at each station. Deletion of duplicates and cleaning of road network data and tourist attraction point data was performed prior to any analysis. Service areas were generated to determine the number of tourist attractions catered by each potential bike share station – defined by main road intersections. Point distance analysis was performed to reduce the number of road intersections to just thirty-nine (39). Bicycle route maps and itineraries were produced to visualize the optimal routes tourists can use for exploring the city based on preferred sites category. From here, Route Analysis was conducted to create four (4) itineraries based on tourism categories: Top 10 Most Rated Tourist Attractions, Food and Dining, Museums and Churches, and Shopping and Leisure. The output maps and itineraries can be presented to the City Tourism Office of Iloilo City as a decision support tool for its programs and policies regarding bike lanes.

СУЧАСНІ МЕТОДИ ПОСІВУ ЗЕРНОВИХ КУЛЬТУР

Analyzing the latest innovations and technological improvements, the article aims to highlight the trends that determine the efficiency and stability of yields in the grain sector. The article examines digital and agricultural technologies that allow agricultural producers to optimize the processes of sowing grain crops. Digital solutions such as data analysis, artificial intelligence and the use of modern agricultural sensors are seen as key tools to improve productivity and optimize resources. Geospatial analysis, taking into account environmental aspects and ensuring sustainable development are also becoming an object of research. The article examines in detail how the use of geographic information systems and the latest ecologically oriented practices can contribute to agriculture that uses resources efficiently and preserves the environment. This article is designed to consider modern methods of sowing grain crops, which define a new stage in the development of the agricultural sector. We will explore innovative strategies, from digital analytics to geospatial solutions, that maximize crop efficiency and promote sustainable use of natural resources. The general emphasis of the article is to highlight promising and practically significant aspects of the use of modern methods of sowing grain crops. The article also considers the challenges that may arise when implementing the latest technologies and provides recommendations for their successful implementation in the agricultural sector.

Assessing carbon storage and sequestration benefits of urban greening in Nador City, Morocco, utilizing GIS and the InVEST model

In the 21st century, tackling climate change is an important challenge, and the absorption of CO2 via urban greening employing photosynthesis offers a potential answer to the climate issue. Within this work, the city of Nador is chosen as a case study. The initiative in question proposes an enhanced technique focused on estimating the advantages of urban greening in terms of carbon storage and sequestration. This technique combines the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools and the InVEST model, enabling the study of land use and land cover (LULC) scenarios within the location. These scenarios contain numerous alternatives, ranging from the adoption of intense and extensive green roofs to the establishment of gardens and woodland areas. The carbon storage modeling technique depends on the exploitation of land use maps, reinforced by a bibliographic examination of the key carbon reservoirs. The analysis of results from biophysical modeling indicates a considerable increase of over 45.36 % compared to the existing condition when the option of extensive green roofs is chosen. In the setting of extensive green roofs, this rise reaches a rate of 64.20 %. Furthermore, the restoration of the Gourougou forest north of the city leads to an increase of 70.30 %. The adoption of diverse combinations, such as the integration of green roofs with urban vegetation, greatly helps to further enhancing carbon storage. From a financial perspective, the additional value can range from $2,012,825.16 to $3,601,025.53, depending on the chosen scenario. This financial assessment highlights the possible advantages that might be converted into carbon credits in return for emission reduction, partially offsetting the expenses associated with the adoption of each greening solution. Ultimately, these findings give a chance for urban planners and green architecture professionals to perform in-depth planning analyses.