Use Of Computer Technology Research Articles

Experience in the use of microcontroller platforms and computer technologies in experimental researches of automotive and tractor machinery

BACKGROUND: The current level of research and development work involves the use of systems based on programmable electronics. At the current level of engineering, the development of these systems is expedient to carry out using specialized software. At the same time, a systemic approach to the methodology for using the mentioned tools has not been fully formed yet, which necessitates the consideration of the relevant issues of theory and practice.
 AIMS: The attempt to form the principles of the mentioned systemic approach, based on the idea of the integrated hardware and software use, where the complementarity of their capabilities ensures the appearance of a pronounced emergence.
 METHODS: The article contains an analytical review and categorization of modern tools that allow to support research in their preparation, carrying out and results processing. As a particular example of their successful combined application, a computerized educational laboratory installation designed by the authors for balancing and calibrating the torque measurement system at a driveshaft of a passenger car is considered.
 RESULTS: The article materials contain a description of design and an operation principle of the mentioned installation, a consistent consideration of those specific tools that were used in its development, а information regarding the basic capabilities, the most significant characteristics and features of these tools, as well as the trial tests results and their interpretation.
 CONCLUSIONS: The approach described by the authors makes it possible to rationally approach the solution of problems related to the development and use of data measurement systems for experimental studies of automotive and tractor machinery.

საქართველოს ტექნიკურ უნივერსიტეტში კრეატიული აზროვნების სწავლების თაობაზე

Rapidly developing processes around the world require prompt response to them in order to avoid the negative consequences of these events. This becomes especially relevant for such states like Georgia, due to some factors. First of all, it is much easier for little countries in terms of territory and population to respond to new challenges. Secondly, not long ago, the economic structure of Georgia has changed. Since the education quality is generally recognized as one of the factors influencing country’s progress, it is necessary to make fundamental corrections in the field of education in the first place. According to the opinions expressed in the article, innovations should be based on trans-, multi-, interdisciplinary approaches and on the use of modern computer technologies.

Historical Science in the Era of Digital Transformation: Analysis of the Current State, Challenges and Future Directions

This article examines various approaches to the use of computer technologies in historical science and the relationship between the concepts of «historical informatics» and «digital history». The development of computer technology application from the late 1960s to the present is analyzed. The current state of historical science in the context of societal digitization is considered, along with the problems faced by scientific historical communities, and directions for development are determined based on accumulated experience. Perspectives and challenges of historical science development in the context of societal digitization and the use of artificial intelligence are discussed. Based on research, it is concluded that the application of information and communication technologies in historical research becomes an integral part of the methodological toolkit. Significant changes occur in the scientific environment and infrastructure of historical science during the era of digital transformation, revealing new features of historical functioning. Proficiency in digital skills becomes a necessity for historians, especially considering the integration of artificial intelligence and various tools such as ChatGPT and neural networks in the humanities. Digital history, in the context of the digital era, characterizes the peculiarities of the scientific environment and infrastructure. Historical informatics and quantitative methods in historical research develop in parallel, complementing each other, particularly in the field of information and communication technologies in historical education and science. The digital transformation defines the future of historical science, opening possibilities for deeper scientific understanding of the past and the creation of new methods and approaches to historical research.

Use of information and communication technologies to promote the learning process of students with intellectual disabilities

Students with intellectual disabilities have difficulties in advancing in the teaching-learning process, because traditional methods are used by teachers, and this causes poor performance. The objective is to introduce the use of computer and communication technologies to improve academic capabilities, the methodology used was descriptive, qualitative, and bibliographic review. The results obtained indicate that the use of new technologies enhanced the abilities of the students, confirming cognitive improvements for learning the subjects, in this way it was proven that these tools allow greater development of the academic skills of each of them.

Online simulator for practicing the skills of performing mathematical operations

The article describes a tool to solve the problem of insufficient development of schoolchildren’s arithmetic operations skills. The authors believe that the use of computer technologies in the process of teaching mathematics will allow the building of individual learning trajectories for each student and ensure the development of arithmetic operations skills to a stable state. The authors introduce a new concept of “skill architecture” and demonstrate the possibilities of building the skill architecture of a school mathematics course: structuring skills into groups and creating a new approach to practicing mathematical skills from simple to complex, starting from elementary school. The article presents the rationale for the development, concept, and requirements for an online simulator for practicing the skills of performing mathematical operations. The concept of the simulator is based on the results of research: analysis of the subject area of the school mathematics course; identification of the architecture of skills that allows building individual learning trajectories; development of a methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of tasks for practicing a particular skill by analyzing learning curves. The online application “Mathematical Operations Simulator” has been developed. The concept of the proposed online mathematics simulator can be used as a basis for developing similar solutions for any subject area of the school curriculum. The simulator can also be used in distance learning conditions.

Enhancing Skin Cancer Classification Using Optimized InceptionV3 Model

Skin cancer is a disease that starts in skin cells characterized by uncontrolled growth that can attack skin tissue. Although it has a high cure rate if treated in a timely manner, a delay in diagnosis can have serious consequences. The use of computer technology, especially Artificial Intelligence (AI), has played an important role in improving health services, including in the context of skin cancer. New innovations in the classification and detection of skin cancer using artificial neural networks have led to significant improvements in diagnosis and treatment. One promising approach is using the InceptionV3 algorithm, which has high accuracy and is capable of processing high-resolution images. This study aims to implement InceptionV3 to classify two types of skin cancer, namely malignant and benign, with an emphasis on improving accuracy performance. With the pre-processing process, namely augmentation and the addition of several features, this study aims to provide accurate and efficient results in skin cancer classification. The results of this study can have a positive impact in increasing the accuracy of early detection of skin cancer, especially by future researchers.

INTRODUCTION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF INFORMATIZATION OF SOCIETY:

The use of modern innovative technologies in vocational education is an important challenge of today through the prism of technological development. The aim of the article is to analyze the introduction of innovative technologies in vocational education under the conditions of informatization of society, to determine the problems and prospects of this process. The article is written through the prism of using comparative analysis, predictive method, modeling method. The empirical study involved 170 teachers from 28 to 74 years old and the corresponding difference in professional experience from 1 to 35 years. The results demonstrated the effectiveness and prevalence of the use of information technology in professional education. Based on the materials worked out, it was proved that only 2.28% of teachers had never used information technology in their work. The most widespread in the use of appropriate computer technology and software, electronic platforms, and online courses. As a result of the analytical material, the general problems that may arise in their use in professional education are highlighted. First of all, we are talking about the insufficient level of training of teachers, trainers, etc. lack of necessary facilities, lack of means to assess the effectiveness, low salaries of teachers. The conclusions also summarize the importance of addressing continuing education as an innovative educational technology that allows you to take into account the dynamics of digital technology in the training of specialists.

Online Mediation: Issues, Applications and Challenges

The Mediation Method is one of the main options from the Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) method in resolving civil disputes. However, the Covid-19 pandemic has caused obstacles to carry out face-to-face mediation, and has forced mediation methods to change to an online form. These changes also lead to some problems such as ineffective communication in mediation sessions due to the absence, lack or constraint of using non-verbal communication signals that are usually used during face-to-face communication. Studies have found that this has caused difficulties in establishing trust and confidence from the parties involved, towards the mediator and the mediation method itself. In addition, along with the use of computer technology, online mediation is also threatened with the risk of cyber-attacks that will cause the confidentiality and security of a mediation session to be affected. As such, this study is important to ensure that appropriate measures will be taken to improve the quality of mediation in line so that this method remains relevant as time progresses.

Formation of the culture of information security of Russian citizens: evolutionary periodization

The subject of the theoretical analysis presented in the article is the periodization of the formation of the culture of information security in Russia, carried out using the method of cultural evolutionary analysis. The fulfillment of this task precedes the subsequent development of a cultural paradigm, a structural and functional model and practical methods for improving the information security of Russian citizens. The adoption by the Russian Government on December 22, 2022 of the Concept of Formation and Development of the Culture of Information Security of the Citizens of the Russian Federation confirms the relevance of this topic. The culturological analysis of the existing concepts of developing a culture of information security (based on the materials of theoretical, research and scientific-practical works of re-cent years) has shown the limitations of a narrow specialization (technical, regulatory, organizational, psychological, pedagogical, etc.). It is concluded that a profile systematic approach of culturology is in demand, which is the specifics of the list and combinations of various elements, disciplines and stages of the formation of a professional culture of information security in different sectors and in the general civil sphere. The evolutionary analysis allows us to identify five stages of the historical development of digital computer and telecommunication network technologies, starting from the creation in the late 1940s to the modern universal distribution — «digital transformation». It is revealed that the use of these technologies initially requires the formation of an appropriate user culture, including ensuring safety. The development and complication of technologies, areas and methods of their application is accompanied by the evolution of threats and risks that require the development of directions and content of information security culture, both professional and civil. The result of the theoretical analysis is the conclusion that cultural studies is a specialized scientific discipline for the selection and determination of the ratios of technical and socio-cultural components, the sequence of stages and tools for the formation and development of various types of information security culture. The development of a paradigm, a dynamic system culturological model of information security allows us to scientifically comprehend the features and correlation of professional, specialized and mass civil security culture of the use of computer and telecommunication network technologies. It is also concluded that the conceptual and cate-gorical apparatus and methodology of cultural studies provide a more adequate development of effective practical techniques and other tools for the development of the culture of information security of Russian citizens.

Digitalization in the field of music education: analysis of students – future music teachers and music educators

Introduction. Over the past decade, teacher-musicians have been intensively mastering the didactic functions of the digital space and digital technologies. However, the demonstration of successful practices for the use of digital resources in music education is not an indicator of the widespread use of these practices. The purpose of this article is to analyze the factors influencing the application of musical pedagogical technologies in music education. Materials and methods. 78 respondents took part in the survey and interviews: 4th-5th year students and teachers of Bunin Yelets State University (Russian Federation), teachers of additional education, music directors, music teachers. When studying the respondents' ideas about the factors influencing the use of music and computer technologies in music education, the level of education and teaching experience of music teachers were taken into account. To study the experience and ideas of respondents about the features of the digitalization of music education, a questionnaire was developed, consisting of 3 blocks: "Motivation and competence", "Support", "Material and technical and digital environment". The Kruskal-Wallis test was used as a method of mathematical statistics. Results. The most developed digital competence in the narrow professional sense is among teachers of higher education (63.7% have a high or above average level), students (57.2%), music teachers (32.4%) and teachers of additional education (19%), the least developed – among music directors (7.7%). The motivational potential is highest among teachers of higher education (90.9% have a high and above average level), students (52.4%), music teachers (37.8%) and teachers of additional education (26.6%). Music-computer technologies are used most intensively in the educational process by music teachers with experience from 3 to 20 years (48.4%). Educational and institutional support for the digital transformation of music education is focused mainly on higher education teachers and music teachers. Availability of equipment is assessed at a high level in universities (100%), and at an average level in schools (61.1%). The largest deficit is observed in the field of preschool education (low level – 1 5.4%, level below average – 84.6%). Scientific novelty. The features of the digital transformation of music education are empirically studied in the context of the factors of the level of education and experience of music teachers. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the development of programs for higher education disciplines and additional professional training programs for teachers on the use of music -computer technologies in the educational process.

ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

According to the criteria of prevalence and loss of working capacity, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) occupy one of the leading places. Disorders of the functional state of the gastrointestinal tract, which are accompanied by violations of its motor-evacuation functions, are considered. To identify gastrointestinal motility disorders, it is necessary to conduct studies that are invasive, or are accompanied by radiation exposure and are difficult to analyze. In this regard, simple non-invasive methods of functional diagnostics, such as peripheral electrogastroenterography (EGEG), are of particular importance. Electrogastroenterography has no contraindications and is well tolerated by all patients. This allows you to examine even extremely severe patients, both before surgery and from the first hours of the postoperative period. Given the simplicity and accessibility of the technique, it is possible to conduct multiple repeated studies to assess the dynamics of indicators in the course of treatment. The data obtained with electrogastroenterography do not contradict and often outstrip the results of X-ray and endoscopic examination, which indicates a higher sensitivity of the method for diagnosing motor disorders of the motor-evacuation functions of the gastrointestinal tract, Significantly improving the timeliness and quality of diagnosis to expert doctors allows the use of modern computer technology. Keywords: neural network, gastrointestinal tract, parasites, disease symptoms, diagnostics, electrogastroenterography.

Blockchain-Enabled Internet of Things (IoT) Applications in Healthcare: A Systematic Review of Current Trends and Future Opportunities

The use of advanced computer technology in the healthcare industry has the potential to improve patient care and therapeutic results. The goal of this project is to improve data security, privacy, and decentralisation in healthcare by integrating blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The adoption of IoT devices makes it possible to gather and analyse patient sensory data in real–time; however centralised processing and storage present problems such as data manipulation and privacy issues. The study investigates the creation of a decentralised IoT-based e-healthcare system that takes these issues into account by utilising blockchain technology. In addition, the paper also emphasises how blockchain use has advanced smart contract technologies. Smart contracts provide safe user authentication for IoT device access, assuring responsibility, traceability, and data integrity. The study investigates the potentially game-changing applications of blockchain technology in healthcare, such as enhanced data interoperability, patient-cantered care, reduced administrative procedures, and increased transaction transparency. The report also highlights the significance of blockchain in managing pharmaceutical supply chains, considering the essential influence on patient welfare and safety. Effective management is essential in the healthcare business because supply chain interruptions or breaches can have serious implications. The present level of research in blockchain-enabled IoT applications for healthcare is examined comprehensively using the PRISMA framework and records from the Scopus database. The three most important research topics are cloud computing, fog computing, and medical services. The results highlight the important role that blockchain-enabled IoT applications have played in enhancing data security and privacy in the healthcare industry. Real-time data gathering, precise diagnoses, individualised treatments, and simplified administrative procedures are all made possible by the integration of blockchain and IoT. Additionally, scalable solutions and insightful data for healthcare decision-making are provided via fog computing, cloud computing, machine learning, and smart contracts.

Использование визуализации информации для развития образного мышления

Imaginative thinking surpasses verbal-logical thinking in terms of speed, volume of stored information and the duration of its storage. Therefore, when solving various problems, imaginative thinking has significant advantages. However, when teaching students of non-artistic specialties, often insufficient attention is paid to the effective use of imaginative thinking in professional activities. At the same time, thanks to the use of computer and information technologies, the possibilities of data visualization have grown significantly. In the present work, possible ways of developing imaginative thinking in teaching students of non-artistic specialties using data visualization methods are investigated. The methodological basis of the study was the analysis of scientific publications and generalized practical experience in identifying the main ways of using information visualization for the development of imaginative thinking in the learning process. The article discusses the main modern methods of research visualization and possible ways of using information visualization for the development of imaginative thinking. It is shown that in order to increase the efficiency of using this thinking in professional activities, in the learning process it is necessary to pay more attention to the analysis of the visual presentation of data, as well as teaching the active use of research visualization methods and, in particular, infographics and dashboards.

Digital Currency in Modern Russia: Legal Essence and Place in Turnover

The information society of our time is characterized by large-scale and intensive use of computer technologies in most areas of economic relations. Many procedures of interaction between people and business entities are computerized and digitized. Remote technologies used on the Internet allow groups of people, in particular, to perform mathematical calculations and use the data obtained in the interests of participants in such collective calculations. The totality of such electronic data in the Russian Federation is legitimized as a digital currency. The legal content and place of digital currency in property turnover and the system of its state regulation seems to be an actual object of research and development. The article solves the following tasks based on the study of domestic legislation and academic publications: the legal content of digital currency as encrypted information and the type of other property is substantiated; legislative constructions providing for the functioning of digital currency as a means of payment and investment are analyzed; qualitative features of digital currency inherent in the object of civil rights are identified. Digital currency is studied as a set of electronic data and information, the author’s definition of digital currency is presented. Digital currency in circulation is disclosed as encrypted information, settlement and exchange equivalent and investment asset. The fallacy of the legislative recognition of digital currency as a means of payment is argued. The legal constructions on the possibility of using digital currency as an investment are critically evaluated. The features of turnover and the development of regulatory regulation of digital currency in the Russian legal order are analyzed. A legal analysis of the parliamentary bill on the “mining” of digital currencies is being carried out. The essence is substantiated; the definition of activities aimed at obtaining digital currencies by mathematical calculations on private computers is formulated. Digital currency is considered as a kind of other property, the conclusion is made about the possibility of recognizing the “coin” of digital currency as an object of civil rights. The article examines the modern doctrinal developments of mainly Russian researchers on the subject of exploration, as well as encyclopedic and normative sources. Proposals are being made to improve the legal regulation of public relations in the field of property turnover of digital currency.

Different Types of Complex Intellectual Property Objects: Court Practice Issues

Currently, a large number of creative works are produced with the use of computer technologies. These can be complex works consisting of several heterogeneous objects that are combined into one complex object. Since the law does not provide for a concept of a complex intellectual property object but new complex objects appear, the author examines new works created with computer technologies, as well as NFTs, and provides an analysis of Russian judicial practice aiming to possibly classify such results as complex objects. The paper analyzes the types of complex intellectual property objects that are not named in Art. 1240 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation but refer to multimedia products, audiovisual works. In addition, cases developed in judicial practice regarding the varieties of multimedia products, audiovisual works are considered. Examples of foreign regulation of the issues discussed in the article are also given.

РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ МОВНО–ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОГО ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЮ АВТОМАТИЗОВАНОГО ЕКСТРАГУВАННЯ З ТЕКСТУ СЕМАНТИЧНОЇ І КОГНІТИВНОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ

The article deals with the role of semantic research for the creation of intelligent systems for automated processing of language information. An approach to the development of linguistic and informational tools for automated extraction of semantic and cognitive information from the text is outlined. The issue of increasing the efficiency of high-quality and fast processing of digital information, the creation of highly intelligent, fast-acting information systems was raised. The theoretical basis of the research is the lexicographic theory of symbolic semantic systems developed by academician V. A. Shyrokov and the theory of semantic states of natural language units built within it, which is based on the principles of lexical semantics and is oriented towards the use of computer technologies in semantic research. An integrated lexicographic system created in the Ukrainian Language and Information Fund of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was selected as the source base of the study, the core component of which is the computer version of the «Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language» in 20 volumes, which is the most representative source of semantic information that provides a description of the lexical meaning of a word according to many parameters with the involvement of pragmatic, connotative, syntagmatic and linguistic contexts. In the study, the formalism of the theory of semantic states is used to build a linguistic and informational toolkit for automatic recognition of semantic and cognitive information in texts written in natural languages. The proposed semantic classifier provides an explicit presentation of the information extracted from the text, which enables its further software processing thanks to the unified interpretation of the operators of the semantic state formula and the results of the semantic indexing of the text. The expediency of using the developed language and information toolkit for solving such important tasks of computer linguistics as determining formal criteria for distinguishing lexical homonyms and LSV of a polysemous word, correct establishment of structural contrasts «meaning — shades», «lexeme — lexical-semantic variants» in interpreting the meaning of the latter, the task of unifying the description of the lexical meaning of words of one semantic field.

Medicine of the future: personalized, stratified or precision? (literature review)

“Personalized” medicine is based on the belief that each person has unique molecular, physiological, environmental and behavioral characteristics, and in case of development of the disease, each patient should be treated taking into account these unique characteristics. This belief was to some extent confirmed by the use of the latest technologies, such as DNA sequencing, proteomics, imaging protocols and the use of wireless devices for health monitoring, which revealed large inter-individual differences. 
 The purpose: to substantiate a personalized approach will be used in the medicine of the future. 
 Literary sources (scientific articles) were searched, including those published in peer-reviewed journals indexed in Pubmed, WoS, Scopus, Global Health, CyberLeninka, and the Russian Science Citation Index. Seventy two articles devoted to personalized medicine were analyzed, of which 51 are included in this review. The review included articles on personalized medicine, published mainly over the past 10 years on the topics of oncology, genetics, and articles considering the legal, demographic and social aspects of this problem. From the analysis were excluded articles devoted to the philosophical aspects of personalized medicine, the use of computer and wireless technologies for data processing and communication. Historical precedents, some legislative and policy aspects of its implementation in practice, new technologies that make it possible, some new experiences including successes and failures, ways of testing and using individualized drugs, and future directions, including potential ways of treating people with problems concerning fertility and infertility are considered. The existing limitations of “personalized” medicine are presented. Since aspects of “personalized” medicine are rooted in biological realities, individualization of medical practice in certain cases is probably inevitable. 
 Conclusion. With the development of technology and the accumulation of experience, an individual approach to the patient becomes more effective and cost-effective. In order for the various stakeholders to embrace “personalized” medicine and begin operating in this paradigm, it is necessary to develop and implement more effective strategies for the education and training of health professionals at all stages.

Investigating Obstacles to the Adoption and Use of Computer Technology in Teaching and Learning

Investigating Obstacles to the Adoption and Use of Computer Technology in Teaching and Learning

ВЫСШАЯ МАТЕМАТИКА В ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ВУЗАХ С УЧЕТОМ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПОДГОТОВКИ

The article discusses the problems arising in the implementation of mathematical training of bachelors and masters in technical areas that meet the requirements of the time in terms of digitalization of education, including the use of computer technology

DIGITALIZATION AS A MODERN DRIVING FORCE FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF FORENSIC EXPERT ACTIVITIES

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical and methodological aspects of forensic examination, taking into account the processes of digitalization of society. The main problems and features of conducting forensic examinations using elements of digital technologies are identified, and the expediency of using certain methods in different situations is indicated. The legal norms and limits of forensic examinations are outlined. Scientific provisions and possibilities of combining expert and scientific methods are analyzed. The relevance of the study is determined by the introduction of the latest trends in forensic examinations in modern conditions and the formation of a new direction of digitization of forensic examinations. An important trend of modern forensic examination is its technologization, development and implementation of information, digital, telecommunication and other technologies. A comprehensive analysis of forensic expert activity made it possible to formulate a number of proposals regarding ways and means of improvement in today’s dynamic society. Modern man is increasingly integrated into the field of digital technologies and delegates to them an ever-increasing number of those functional actions, which very recently were considered an indispensable advantage of the man himself as an intelligent and free being. Modern trends led to the expansion of the use of computer technologies in the process of conducting economic examinations. At present, these examinations are a set of actions carried out by trained experts who have accounting and legal knowledge and are also able to professionally use computer equipment, and modern software for research and analysis of information on the case under investigation. The use of computer technologies makes it possible to improve the process of expert research, to reduce experts’ time spent on analysis, logic, calculations, arithmetic methods and other procedures, to create the necessary prerequisites for improving the quality and speed of expert research, to increase the effectiveness of the results of expert examinations, which are the main measures of improving the qualifications of practising experts there is a systematic passing of internships and conducting scientific research work by the specialists themselves. An important factor is also the exchange of experience with foreign experts through participation in scientific events abroad. Systematic internships and conducting scientific research work by the specialists themselves should be the main measures to improve the qualifications of practising experts.