Urban Green Space System Research Articles

Adana Yüreğir Kıyı Park Tasarımı ve Kentsel Rekreasyon Planlamasındaki Rolü

Today’s most important problem in terms of urban planning is rapidly diminishing urban green areas due to rapidly increasing housing. In urban planning, urban green space systems play an important role in meeting the recreational needs of people living in the city. Thus, within the urban green space system, urban parks contribute to the unification of disconnected biotopes in the urban green space system, the development of green corridor lines, and the sustainability of wildlife in the city as well as its benefits such as providing an aesthetic look, reducing noise, cleaning air, creating a microclimate, and reducing the pollution. In this study, “Adana Coastal Park Project” has been prepared for an urban green area in Yüreğir, Adana, which was reserved by Yüreğir Municipality and its function in Adana's urban green space system has been evaluated. In the evaluations, criteria such as activity, functions, materials used, aesthetic design principles, comfort, image, security, and maintenance have been taken into consideration.

Optimization Strategy of Landscape Ecological Planning in Urban Green Space System

In recent years, China’s urbanization process has increased year by year, and the environmental problems brought by it have become increasingly prominent. The urban ecological environment and urban green space are closely connected. The improvement and reconstruction of the ecological environment need to be realized through the urban green space system planning. Therefore, it is imperative to apply landscape ecology in the urban green space system planning. This paper first outlines the important role of urban green space systems in restoring ecological and environmental problems. Second, based on the research on the landscape ecological progress of urban green space systems at home and abroad, through in-depth investigation of some representative urban green space systems in China, the current domestic Problems existing in urban green space system planning. Finally, based on the principles of landscape ecology, an optimization strategy for landscape ecological planning in urban green space systems was proposed. The results show that the use of landscape ecology can rationally plan the landscape space, green space corridors, green space patches and other factors in the green space system, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the urban environment and promoting ecological balance.

Research on the Strategy of Urban Green Space System Planning Based on the Eco Oriented Development Model

Research on the Strategy of Urban Green Space System Planning Based on the Eco Oriented Development Model

The Development Simulation of Urban Green Space System Layout Based on the Land Use Scenario: A Case Study of Xuchang City, China

The development and evolution of an urban green space system is affected by both natural effects and human intervention. The simulation and prediction of an urban green space system can enhance the foresight of urban planning. In this study, several land use change scenarios of the main urban area of Xuchang City were simulated from 2014 to 2030 based on high-resolution land use data. The layout of each scenario was evaluated using landscape indexes. A Cellular Automata–based method (i.e., future land use simulation, FLUS) was applied to develop the urban green space system, which we combined with urban land use evolution. Using recent data, the FLUS model effectively dealt with the uncertainty and complexity of various land use types under natural and human effects and solved the dependence and error transmission of multiperiod data in the traditional land use simulation process. The root mean square error (RMSE) of probability of the suitability occurrence module and the Kappa coefficient of the overall model simulation accuracy verification index both met accuracy requirements. It was feasible to combine the evolution of the urban green space system with urban land development. Moreover, under the Baseline Scenario, the urban land use layout was relatively scattered, and the urban green space system showed a disordered development trend. The Master Plan Scenario had a compact urban land use layout, and the green space system was characterized by networking and systematization, but it did not consider the service capacity of the green space. The Planning Guidance Scenario introduced constraint conditions (i.e., a spatial development strategy, green space accessibility, and ecological sensitivity), which provided a more intensive and efficient urban space and improved the service function of the green space system layout. Managers and planners can evaluate the urban future land use development mode under different constraints. Moreover, they would be able to adjust the urban planning in the implementation process. This work has transformed the technical nature of the planning work from “static results” to a “dynamic process”.

Research progress of urban green space systems evaluation in China

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago, the theory of urban green space system planning have been evolving along with the urbanization process. At the same time, it also draws nutrients from the planning thoughts of western developed countries. Under the background of ecological civilization construction, urban green space is more affected by the attention of the government and the public, urban green space system planning is the overall distribution of green space resources, reasonable construction of the important means of urban ecological environment, but the study of urban green space system planning evaluation has not yet been thoroughly. Urban green space system planning in China based on the development process and the landscape architecture of self-perfection for context, from the connotation of urban green space system planning evaluation, three aspects of theory and practice, combing summing up China’s urban green space system planning evaluation.

Potential assessment and implementation strategy for roof greening in highly urbanized areas: A case study in Shenzhen, China

Greenery on buildings is an innovative approach used to solve urban and architectural environment problems, also served as a key element of the urban green space system. As a typical highly urbanized area in China, Shenzhen is densely populated and built up, making it short for greenery land, which means promoting roof greening is of great importance. This paper establishes an evaluation method for roof greening constructability by distinguishing existing buildings and planned buildings. Based on the results of a potential assessment, an implementation strategy is derived from two aspects: space and time guidelines. The potential suitable areas for roof greening of existing and planned buildings are 859.76 ha and 1039.64 ha. Based on potential assessment, this paper demarcates 32 key areas for roof greening and clarifies the construction modes of key areas promote the roof greening scale effect. Finally, the paper establishes a strategy of priority order for implementing roof greening according to the type and characteristics of buildings. The particularity of inventory development in highly urbanized areas has been taken into consideration when constructing a method for evaluating roof greening. The space and time guidelines can provide a reference for effectively promoting project implementation, improving sustainable urban development.

Overview of urban planning policy and urban green space system at a national level in China

The present review aims at understanding urban policy frameworks and context on China’s urban green space system at national level. In order to allow critical reflection on the strengths and weaknesses of urban planning policy and green space system. The rationale of this review is to enhance the overall quality of urban environments and to promote urban sustainability, health and improved living. There is a general convergence of policy trajectories indicating that policymakers, planners and professionals have recognized the mutual interdependence of the relationship between green space and the quality and quantity of housing provision. Overall, improvements have been made to better integrate with urban green space and long-term urban management as a whole to create quality living environments. However, both national policy and regulations lack specification on the quality and quantity of green space and are yet standardized, there is not yet useful guidance or criteria on best practice for design for green spaces, and little reference to green space governance or leadership, management norms and abilities.

Coupling of urban green space system and sponge city construction

Through quantitatively analyzing the implementation of the sponge city concept in urban green space systems, this research explored the role of urban green spaces in collecting and using rainwater in a urban landscaping. By combining the ecological and recreational functions of the urban green spaces, as well as appropriate quantitative indexes, reasonable approaches for applying rainwater collection, infiltration and retention technologies in urban green space design and construction are suggested. Thus, the implementation of the sponge city concept in the initial planning stage of green spaces was considered. The Taihu New City in Wuxi was chosen as study case. Thus, this paper combined current planning status between green space and rainwater collection systems and analyzed them. As result, usable green spaces for the sponge city construction were obtained. Also, details on the construction characteristics of various usable green spaces were acquired. The role of these green spaces in the sponge city construction were classified and quantitatively assessed and compared with relevant standards. On the basis of guaranteeing green space intended purposes, this paper analyzed the results of coordinating the green space areas with rainwater collection systems and specified the role of various green spaces in the rainwater collection.

Response of Landscape and Ecological Characteristics to the Optimal Rainwater Harvesting Dual-Element Mulch Covered Soil Model in Beijing

The implementation of energy conservation and emissions reduction in Beijing prompted yearly increases in the area of urban green space, leading to direct increases in urban water consumption. This aggravated an already tense situation of water shortage. Considering the low irrigation water utilization effectives of the urban green space system, the typical urban greening shrub (Ligustrum vicaryi) was selected as the research object of this study. In a pot experiment, three mulch materials were selected: gravel (CH1), pine needles + gravel (CH2), and bark + gravel (CH3). These materials were set to a uniform thickness of 3 cm, and soil water was maintained between 75% and 85% of the field capacity. Using the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy mathematics model, the physiological and ecological response characteristics of Ligustrum vicaryi were investigated under different combinations of mulch material. The results for various processing, regarding plant growth, showed CH3 > CH2 > CH1 > CK (Control Check). The leaf area, total leaf area, and leaf area index of CH3 were, respectively, 21.4%, 21.9%, and 62.5% larger than those of the control check (CK). Regarding physiological characteristics, photosynthetic rate, evaporation rate, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency of CH3 were better than for the other treatments. Regarding ecological services, carbon fixation, oxygen release, cooling, and quantity of humidification of CH3 were optimal. Considered comprehensively for the landscape function, physical characteristics, and ecological services of Ligustrum vicaryi, the preliminary thought is that bark and gravel dual-element mulch, with a layer thickness of 3 cm, was the optimal soil cover treatment for the typical city greening shrub Ligustrum vicaryi. Using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the fuzzy mathematical model for the evaluation of the effects of different soil cover treatments on the landscape function, ecological service function, and physiological characteristics of Ligustrum vicaryi was reliable and feasible. The model evaluation results match the actual ones.

DISASTER CONSEQUENCE MITIGATION AND EVALUATION OF ROADSIDE GREEN SPACES IN NANJING

The extensive layout of roadside green spaces make them important green disaster mitigation nodes in high-density areas of any city; hence, further improvements in their disaster mitigation functions would make the urban disaster prevention system more effective. In the present research, different types of roadside green spaces in the Gulou district of Nanjing were identified to establish a highly efficient urban disaster refuge green space system. A total of 35 built-up roadside green spaces were employed as the study site, and for field investigation and statistical analysis, 21 factors were selected from the aspects of spatial form, functional facilities, and surrounding environment. According to their disaster mitigation abilities, cluster analysis classified these roadside green spaces into four categories: complete type, potential type, centralized type, and broad type. Finally, by analyzing the characteristics of different types of roadside green spaces, corresponding optimization strategies were proposed. In comparison to previous investigations, our study focused on the quantitative evaluation of disaster mitigation and risk protection function of roadside green spaces. In the future, the obtained results will serve as important scientific references to the planning and construction of green spaces in high-density areas of Nanjing, China.

Research on Urban Green Space System Evaluation Index System

“Green space” is the lung of the city. The rational planning and protection of green space is crucial to the construction and development of the city. This paper mainly analyzes the problems existing in China’s current urban green space system planning indicators, discusses the principles and index system for establishing the urban green space system index system, and proposes a new concept of ecological and three-dimensional greening represented by the green quantity rate. It analyzes the relationship between urban green space system and urban planning, the impact factors of resource reserve and environmental pressure in green space system planning and their effects, and controls and localizes from urban spatial structure, shape, urban land use, environmental quality and population size demand. From the perspective of detailed control, a resource-saving and environment-friendly urban green space system planning evaluation index system is constructed to provide operational decision guidance for urban planning.

“3S”-based Environmental Protection Geographic Information System Research

To make the complicated environmental protection work simple, the data in various environmental work business systems were integrated together, and the accurate and effective analysis of decision-making and rapid response were made via the information application platform based on an intuitive and graphical 3D map. Thus, it put forward higher requirements for the construction of the information system. Therefore, in view of the main defects in the planning and compilation of the urban green space system in China, the application of the new technology and new theory, represented by 3S technology in the urban green space system planning, was discussed in order to enrich and perfect the general indication under the support of the 3S technology, in order to improve the rationality and scientific of the planning. The research showed that the application of 3S technology and its related theories in the planning of urban green space system were reasonable and effective. It makes up for the shortcomings of the traditional urban green space system planning theory and method and explores a new way of planning.

Multimedia Teaching Platform for Urban Planning Utilizing 3D Technology

In recent years, 3D technology based on computer and internet has achieved high-speed development. People have realized direct and stereo observation of realistic world. Three-dimensional and visualized characteristics of the technology fit well with the teaching objective of college architecture specialized courses. Thus, 3D model has profound practical significance for its application in urban green space system and urban rural overall planning. With “urban-rural master plan” as experimental course, through design of “urban-rural master plan” multimedia teaching platform based on 3D technology and practice of the teaching platform in course teaching, this article has applied control experiment method and statistical method to make comparative analysis on the teaching effect difference of multimedia teaching platform based on 3D technology application in “urban-rural master plan” as experimental course so as to provide theoretical and data support for 3D technology application in “urban-rural master plan” and other college architecture major courses.

城市再生视野下高密度城区生态空间规划方法——以厦门本岛立体绿化专项规划为例

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 城市再生视野下高密度城区生态空间规划方法——以厦门本岛立体绿化专项规划为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201801300251 作者: 作者单位: 天津大学建筑学院,天津大学建筑学院,天津市城市规划设计研究院,厦门市城市规划设计研究院,厦门市城市规划设计研究院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: “十三五”国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFC0502903） Research on ecological spatial planning method in high-density area under the urban regeneration vision: a case study of a three-dimensional greening plan on Xiamen Island Author: Affiliation: School of Architecture,Tianjin University;China;,School of Architecture,Tianjin University;China;,Tianjin Urban Planning Design Institute,Xiamen Urban Planning Design Institute,Xiamen Urban Planning Design Institute Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:面对快速城市化进程中城市高密度地区生态空间缺乏、布局支离破碎的问题，从规划层面分析了其问题的症结所在；提出屋顶绿化与城市绿地系统联动互补，是针对城市高密度地区生态环境受损严重以及土地资源紧缺的约束条件下，建构生态空间网络的有效途径；并以厦门本岛为研究区，基于GIS、遥感技术，利用高清遥感数据结合实地调研、问卷调查、部门资料、规划文本建立现状及规划空间数据库；从既有研究梳理、综合效益影响、城市发展诉求分析3个层面总结屋顶绿化实施潜力影响因子，结合规划分区与建筑分类建立实施潜力评估方法；对研究区进行屋顶绿化实施潜力评估，结合城市绿地系统，以"全域空间、重点片区、多维网络"为方法进行研究区生态空间网络规划。结果表明：1）生态结构完善、城市功能优化、公共服务需求、环境改善需求、建筑属性特征、建筑产权归属是屋顶绿化实施潜力评估要素，其包含的城市生态框架、城市功能结构、景观提升需求、建筑改造需求、内涝程度、热岛强度、微气候环境、建筑高度、建筑年代、建筑类型、建筑产权属性是关键性评估因子；2）厦门本岛2016年屋顶绿化率仅有2%，且附属于居住建筑和城中村的屋顶绿化量超过总量的一半，商业、公共、产业建筑作为空间载体进行屋顶绿化有较大发展空间，未绿化的屋顶资源中有81.3%适宜进行屋顶绿化；3）探索高密度城区生态空间网络布局的规划方法是本研究的第一步，下一步通过借助AI、GIS等技术，尝试防控高强度开发与高危集聚引发的城市生态和灾害问题，构建满足复合功能的生态空间网络优化的研究方法。 Abstract:High-density areas are facing the problems of a lack of eco-space and fragmented layouts due to rapid urbanization. This study, in analyzing the main issues in the planning domain, proposes that roof greening as a complementation can be integrated into urban green systems, and aims to construct an eco-space network in a high-density city area with a deteriorated ecological environment and shortage of land resources. The present study uses Xiamen Island as the research area, and utilizes geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing technology to establish the status of the area and plan the space database by using remote sensing data, field surveys, questionnaires, departmental data, and planning texts. From the three aspects of existing research combing, comprehensive benefits, and urban development appeal analysis, this study summarized the impact factors of roof greening implementation potential, integrated planning divisions, and building classifications to establish a method of assessing implementation potential; we assessed the potential of roof greening implementation in the study area, and achieved eco-space network planning combined with urban green-space systems by taking "global space, key areas, and multidimensional networks" into consideration. The results indicated that 1) ecological structure, urban function optimization, public service demand, environmental improvement demand, architectural characteristics, and architectural property ownership as the evaluation elements of potential for roof greening implementation, including the urban ecological framework, urban functional structure, landscape upgrade demand, building renovation demand, urban internality degree, heat island intensity, microclimate environment, building height, building age, building type, and architectural property attributes as key evaluation factors. 2) In 2016, the roof greening rate of buildings on Xiamen Island was only 2%, with more than half attached to residential buildings and urban villages. Commercial, public, and industrial buildings had a lot of potential space for roof greening, and among the remaining buildings, 81.3% were suitable for roof greening. 3) The first step of the study was to explore the method of planning the eco-space network in the high-density urban area. Next, with the help of artificial intelligence (AI) and GIS, we aimed to build a research method for optimizing an eco-space network with multiple functions, in order to prevent the urban environmental damage and ecological disaster caused by high-intensity development and high-risk agglomeration. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Assessment and optimization of green space for urban transformation in resources-based city – A case study of Lengshuijiang city, China

Urbanization in China has changed gradually from production-oriented to consumption-oriented in recent years. Comfort and accessibility of green infrastructures effect the rate of urbanization and transformation. A well designed urban green space system is an essential part of the urbanization process. In this paper, the urban green space of Lengshuijiang city was assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively using data of field survey and high resolution remote sensing. In the study area, green space coverage was 37.14%, green space percentage was 33.45% and per capita park green space was 16.25 m2. The high green space coverage suggested that there were ample potentials for further urban transformation. Within a 30 min service radius of existing green space, total service area was 204.49 ha, which accounted for 16.26% of the study area. A high proportion of the green space was made up of urban parks which were unevenly distributed across the study area. A green space optimization strategy, aimed at improving green space quality and accessibility, was proposed. After optimization, total service areas within the 30 min service radius will increase to 492 ha (39.12%), an increase of 22.86%. Our study demonstrated that combining qualitative and quantitative methods is an effective and reliable way for green space assessment and reliable and can be used for urban green space planning and management for small resource-based cities like Lengshuijiang in its process of urban transformation.

Role of Green Spaces in Favorable Microclimate Creating in Urban Environment (Exemplified by Italian Cities)

The article represents a brief analysis of factors that influence the development of an urban green space system: territorial and climatic conditions, cultural and historical background as well as the modern strategy of historic cities development. The introduction defines the concept of urban greening, green spaces and green space distribution. The environmental parameters influenced by green spaces are determined. By the example of Italian cities the principles of the urban greening system development are considered: the historical aspects of formation of the urban greening system in Italian cities are analyzed, the role of green spaces in the formation of the urban environment structure and the creation of a favorable microclimate is determined, and a set of measures aimed at its improvement is highlighted. The modern principles of urban greening systems development and their characteristic features are considered. Special attention is paid to the interrelation of architectural and green structures in the formation of a favorable microclimate and psychological comfort in the urban environment; various methods of greening are considered by the example of existing architectural complexes depending on the climate of the area and the landscape features. The examples for the choice of plants and the application of compositional techniques are given. The results represent the basic principles of developing an urban green spaces system. The conclusion summarizes the techniques aimed at the microclimate improvement in the urban environment.

Spatial Equity Measure on Urban Ecological Space Layout Based on Accessibility of Socially Vulnerable Groups—A Case Study of Changting, China

The improper layout of urban public parks leads to the difference between citizens sharing or not sharing this kind of public resource, particularly in the historical districts of mountainous cities in China. The purpose of this study is to explore the spatial equity and quantitative measures of urban public parks’ layouts by building a demand index of socially vulnerable groups sharing public parks based on the accessibility evaluation model. In this paper, Changting—a famous national historical and cultural city—is taken as the empirical object, then the accessibility and social equity of public parks is quantitatively measured with the aid of the field investigation method, the spatial analysis model of geographic information system (GIS) and the SPSS statistical analysis method. The results indicate that it is feasible to measure the spatial equity of urban public parks with the accessibility and demand index of socially vulnerable groups, and it can effectively characterize the rationality and social equity of urban ecological space. It shows that a degree of spatial mismatch exists between the distribution of urban public parks and that of residents, that is to say the spatial distribution of public parks is not equitable in terms of accessibility or residents’ demands. Therefore, the data suggest that the spatial patterns and accessibility levels of parks in Changting County—especially the historical districts—should be further improved and perfected to achieve high levels of accessibility and equity through urban green space system planning. The paper may be used as a scientific reference for the planning and construction of ecological urban spaces. It can also provide useful decision-making guidance for urban planners in investigating, analyzing, and adjusting the distribution of public service facilities to achieve equitable outcomes, while promoting the harmonious and sustainable development of mountainous cities.

Evaluation and sustainable development on ecological service value for urban green space system in Hangzhou City

Based on the concepts of ecological services value index (IESE), economic development index (IED) and social benefit index (ISB), the research used the method of entire-array-polygon diagram index to evaluate the ecological services value of urban green area in Hangzhou between 2005 and 2014 and calculate the comprehensive index of sustainable development of ecological service. The results showed that the total ecological services value of urban green space system in Hangzhou had increased from 1 440.67×106 RMB in 2005 to 2 463.22×106 RMB in 2014; the annual comprehensive indexes of sustainable development of ecological service in these ten years were 0, 0.008, 0.107, 0.341, 0.105, 0.781, 1.020, 0.834, 0.772 and 0.836 respectively. The ability of sustainable development had been fluctuating, showing the trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The relationship among ecological services value index (IESE), economic development index (IED) and social benefit index (ISB) could be described in linear equation: S＝0.912IESE-0.742IED+0.431ISB-0.084. The assessment of the ecological services value of urban green area and the research on sustainable development in Hangzhou will provide reference for optimizing the pattern of urban green space, and sustainable and coordinated development of ecology and economy.

Planning green space in Adelaide city: enlightenment from green space system planning of Fuzhou city (2015–2020)

ABSTRACTUrban green space is a type of open space furnished with grass, trees, flowers, water as well as some necessary infrastructures. It is an essential element of cities to the quality of life for urban residents. In current years, more and more urban planners pay great concern with the relationship of climate change and urban green space system. They are looking for smart ways of urban green space planning to meet the needs of climate adaptation and climate change mitigation. This paper explores green space in the city of Adelaide in South Australia and compares green space policies and practices in Adelaide city with Fuzhou city in South China, and analyses and summarises the main conceptions and data of Fuzhou green space system planning (2015–2020) with the aim of promoting Adelaide city green space planning in future. An improved green space system in Adelaide will strengthen the resilience of the city to climate change as well as other challenges presented with the growing population and the growing urban areas.

四个可持续发展实验区绿地系统可达性比较研究

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 四个可持续发展实验区绿地系统可达性比较研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201602120271 作者: 作者单位: 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目（2013BAJ04B03）；城市与区域生态国家重点实验室自主项目（SKLURE2013-1-05） A comparative study of green system accessibility in four sustainable development experimental zones Author: Affiliation: Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy Sciences Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:我国可持续发展实验区所在城市均十分重视绿地系统对其可持续发展的重要支撑作用。布局合理的城市绿地系统不但能提高城市生态空间容量，也能充分满足不同位置城市居民的需求，这使得城市绿地与其被服务对象——城市居民之间的可达性成为评价城市绿地系统服务价值的重要指标。以高德公司生产的电子导航地图中居民区点和绿地系统数据为基础，采用GIS缓冲区分析法，分别探讨了我国4个有代表性的国家可持续发展实验区西城区、石景山区、绍兴市和日照市这4个城市的城市绿地系统斑块特征，以及 < 5， 5-15， 15-30min时间距离内所覆盖城市居民点数量，对其绿地可达性及其服务能力进行比较分析和研究。研究结果表明：4个可持续发展实验区内的绿地系统分布均比较合理，覆盖面广，尤其是30min时间距离内可达的绿地满足了95%的住区；80%以上的住区居民可以在15min内到达周边任意绿地，为城市绿地管理部门打造"一刻钟生活圈"提供了良好的基础。但同时也发现，提供服务的绿地斑块面积比较细碎，大型绿地的配置率相对较低；而且多数绿地斑块从属于多个时间距离半径内，承受较大人口压力。最后，建议城市规划过程中，注重绿地系统与住区从时间尺度上的协调分析。此外，尝试性地采用日常生活中普遍使用的电子导航地图开展城市绿地系统可达性分析，研究结果与城市居民的生产生活密切相关，对城市绿地系统规划具有实际指导意义。 Abstract:Cities located in sustainable development experimental districts value the vital supporting role played by their corresponding green space systems. A rational layout of an urban green space system can increase the urban ecological space capacity and meet the various demands of populations in different locations. Citizens are an important indicator for evaluating the success of an urban green space system. This study used residential points and green space systems in electronic navigation maps produced by and the GIS buffer analysis method to analyze the patch characteristics of urban green space systems in the four representative national sustainable development experimental districts. These were-Xicheng district, Shijingshan district, Shaoxing City, and Rizhao City. In addition, a comparative analysis of the amount of people within different time distances from green spaces (< 5 min, 5-15 min, and 15-30 min) in urban residential districts was used to assess green space accessibility and service ability. The results showed that the distributions of the green space systems in the four sustainable development experimental districts were reasonable and that they were widely accessible, especially with regards to people who lived within 30 min of green space, which covered 95% of the local residents. More than 80% of the residents could reach any nearby green space within 15 min, which provided a good foundation on which the urban green space management department could build "a quarter of an hour life circle." However, at the same time, we found that the green spaces providing services were dispersed and small and that large green space areas were limited. Most of the green areas within the different time/distance radii were subject to higher population pressures. The results from this investigation suggest that urban planning processes should consider the time/distance factor for residents when planning a green space system. In addition, this study used electronic navigation maps, which are widely available, to analyze urban green space system accessibility. The results of this study are relevant to areas where urban residents were living and working, which will have practical significance when planning an urban green space system. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献