Unresolved Conflicts Research Articles

A psychodynamic case formulation of a woman with an unresolved oedipal conflict: an analysis with a cultural perspective

Case formulation is a crucial component in the process of working with a client in psychotherapy. The client presented in the current work was troubled mainly by her fear of contamination and persisting difficulties in romantic relationships. Using psychodynamic conceptualisation, the formation of her symptoms can be explained by taking a close examination of her defence mechanisms, object relations, and oedipal conflict that have been repressed in her unconscious and revealed through her dreams. Clients who have not had their oedipal conflict properly addressed are likely to be fixated at the oedipal stage and to continue carrying these unspoken yet intricate feelings into their love life and marriage, which may cause continuing inner disturbance, mental symptoms, and difficulties in personal life. Moreover, in modern times, Chinese traditional cultural beliefs in gender roles and family dynamics still play a significant role in a woman's identity formation, which, if not properly addressed, is likely to impede her readiness to enter into romantic relationships.

Vanilla Nightmares and Urban Legends: The Racial Politics of Candyman (1992)

Candyman (dir. Bernard Rose, 1992) is considered one of the best horror-noire films of the 1990s. Certainly it’s one of the smartest. Adapted from Clive Barker’s short story “The Forbidden,” Candyman traces two intertwining plotlines. One has to do with miscegenation and a haunting, haunted love affair. A nineteenth-century white woman fell in love with the black artist hired to paint her portrait; when she became pregnant her family exacted a horrific revenge—against the artist, of course. His ghost haunts the present. The other story has to do with urban “renewal,” the creation of Cabrini-Green, urban drug violence, and the difficulties confronting contemporary black residents of Chicago. The way these two stories come together, intermingle, and ultimately re-segregate is part of what I want to explore in this essay. I am interested in the irreducible and unresolvable conflict between the film’s two diegetic strands and the different knowledges they represent. I’m also interested in what they have to tell us about the racist history that haunts this country, that will not be laid to rest until some kind of justice is exacted, and that continually calls into question everything we think we know.

INTEGRATION AS A CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STYLE AND EMPLOYEE BONDING IN SELECTED ORGANISATIONS IN THE NIGER-DELTA AREA OF NIGERIA

Organisations in Nigeria are faced with conflict management challenges with its attendant consequence on employee bonding which impacts negatively on the organisations' performance. This research therefore established the nature of the impact of integration conflict management styles on employee bonding in Nigeria with particular emphasis on the Niger Delta. The objective of the study is to identify the impact of integrating as a conflict management style on employee bonding in organisations. Survey research design was adopted for the study and the population of the study was 29,570 with a sample size of 506 respondents drawn from five major organisations operating in the Niger Delta participated in the study using Cochran (1963) formula. To ensure the soundness of the research instrument, the content validity was used to test for the validity of the instrument while the Split-halves method was used in testing for the reliability of the instrument. In testing the research hypothesis formulated in line with the specific objective, the F-test statistical tool was applied. The findings indicated that there was a significant positive impact of integrating, as a conflict management style on employee bonding in organizations in the Niger Delta (F = 640,530; t = 2.128; p =.000 < 0.05; r = 841). The study concluded that managers in organisations in Nigeria should rely more on the use of integrating conflict management styles to boost and sustain employee bonding. The study recommended that managers in organisations in Nigeria should eliminate the use of the dominating and avoidance conflict management style as it always satisfies only the interest of the organisation at the expense of the employees and thereby leads to unresolved conflict.
 Keywords: Conflict Management Style, Employee Bonding, Nigeria Organisation.

Light Sketching for Ecology: A cooperative design tool for balancing human experience and ecological impact

The impact of artificial light at night on ecology is an urgent and continuous consideration in lighting design. People’s needs and wishes for light in urban areas often conflict with demands for minimising ecological impact. For example, in city parks people may desire light that offers a pleasant experience of nature and the feeling of safety, while the fauna may thrive best with no light at all. How to overcome this seemingly unresolvable conflict, especially in hybrid environments like city parks? This paper presents Light Sketching for Ecology, a cooperative lighting design tool to help balance lighting demands from the human experience side with demands for minimising ecological impact. Results from a pilot study show the potential of Light Sketching for Ecology to create a win-win situation in which park users are more positive about the park lighting while the lighting’s ecological impact is significantly lowered.

Hidden policy conflicts? Administrative strategies to manage depoliticisation

As a way to manage political disagreements over public policies, political representatives might be tempted to avoid open discussions by depoliticising political issues—hoping that the conflict may eventually disappear. When decision-makers employ such strategies, it is up to the administration to make political priorities and manage unresolved policy conflicts. Earlier studies indicate that there are at least two strategies that administrators can employ to manage such ambiguities: (re)framing and technical depoliticisation. This article reveals that public administrators also employ a third framing strategy: repoliticisation, where administrators seek to endow their policy areas with political power by connecting politicians to the work and implementation of policies. The study is based on 38 interviews from 11 municipalities in Sweden.

12.3 Beyond the Consent Form: Case Presentation and Discussion

Working with families and pediatric patients presents an additional layer of complexities within the informed consent model. How do we proceed when the patient’s desire for medical affirmation and the parents’ concerns regarding off-label use of medications seem like an unresolvable conflict? How does one tailor informed consent discussions for gender-affirming treatment for a 13-year-old? A 17-year-old? What can an existing neuropsychological profile tell us about what a patient may need in such a discussion? What role does a minister play? A mentor? A community?

A qualitative study of factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among South Asians in London.

ObjectivesThis qualitative study sought to elicit the views and experiences of patients and health-care professionals to identify the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among South Asians in London.DesignIn-depth semi-structured telephone and virtual interviews.SettingUK.ParticipantsConvenience and purposive sample of 12 individuals including patients, clinicians, and a medical receptionist.Main Outcome MeasuresOur dataset identifies and explains the reasons for distinguishing between those individuals who are COVID-19 vaccine-hesitant, and those who are COVID-19 vaccine-anxious.ResultsCOVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and the decision on whether to - or not to – vaccinate against COVID-19 involves ongoing and unresolved inner conflict about COVID-19 vaccines. Our findings therefore suggest that some individuals may be existing in a state of inbetweeness; where they are neither pro nor anti vaccination, while simultaneously questioning the many ‘truths’ surrounding COVID-19 and not just one truth such as the safety of COVID-19 vaccines. We argue that this in-between state is intensified by technology and social media; culminating in the Rashomon Effect, whereby a combination of truths, fractured truths, subjective realities, and unreliable or contradictory sources impact on our perceptions of COVID-19.ConclusionsGiven the complexities arising from the multiple factors influencing vaccine hesitancy and scepticism, ‘quick fixes’ and ‘one size fits all’ solutions to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy will be ineffective. Therefore, promoting trust and prioritising good after-care as well as on-going care as a response to the effects of the pandemic is vital.

An approachable companion text for introductory food law students — and other readers

First paragraph: Marne Coit and Theodore A Feitshans’s Food Systems Law: An Introduction for Non-Lawyers is a broad primer providing explanations of the complex regulatory landscape of the American food system. Students and other readers will benefit from the presentation of the material—both in its clarity and through the many examples that ground the information in real-world issues. Because this book is tailored for legal and general audiences alike, for use in a college class, Food Systems Law is likely best suited for upper-level undergraduate students or graduate students. This book provides information needed for readers to understand the scope, nuance, and unresolved conflicts in food law. In doing so, the book presents background information that is approachable for readers unfamiliar with the fundamentals of U.S. law and policy.

Freedom of Religion, Religious Employment, and Conflicts of Rights: Europe at a Crossroads

Abstract Religious communities and churches have traditionally been significant sources of employment. Many European countries have found ways to integrate into their legal systems particularities of religious employment that are alien to other areas of labor law. Until recently, constitutional courts have been reluctant to question the right of churches to define the occupational requirements of their secular employees, but the recognition of church autonomy in religious employment has not been straightforward in the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union. This paper provides some reflections on where Europe may be headed in this field, and whether well-tested principles, such as denominational neutrality, may offer some insight on how to address the still unresolved conflict between important human rights: freedom of religion and the right to autonomy of religious employers, and the individual fundamental freedoms of their employees.

Assessment of multi-scale pore structures and pore connectivity domains of marine shales by fractal dimensions and correlation lengths

Digital rock (DR) technology can offer three-dimensional distribution of pore networks, providing realistic pore structure information that is essential for shale reservoir evaluation. However, effective application of the DR technology in characterizing multi-scale pore size distribution (PSD) and pore connectivity has been hampered by the unresolvable conflict between the size and the detection resolution of samples being characterized, and the lack of effective characterization parameters. In this study, a novel method named FracD has been developed to obtain continuous and integrated multi-scale PSD curves of shales. The FracD method extracts two types of fractal pore structure information from pore network models at both micro- and nano- scales, respectively, to acquire two representative fractal equations. The fractal equations were then used to generate multi-scale PSD curves with pore-size ranges of ∼ 1 nm-1000 μm through a series of computations. The FracD method was used to successfully compute PSD curves for two shale samples with distinctly different pore structure characteristics from the Sichuan Basin, China. The results were verified to be realistic by microscopic pore observation and physical experiments. In addition, a percolation correlation length parameter is introduced to evaluate the pore connectivity of shales, which has the advantage of describing the size of the connected pore domains more accurately, suitable for the pore connectivity assessment of shales with locally-connected pore structure. The correlation length was effectively applied to distinguish the connectivity of different pores in the Longmaxi shales in the Sichuan Basin, China.

The Transformation of Muslim Education in the Philippines: A Revisit

Given the influence of secularism in interpreting social facts, the present study highlights the relevance of recognising cultural convergence as the ultimate panacea to the decades of unresolved conflicts amongst various cultural groups in the Philippines. The study underlines that the surviving epistemological foundation between two opposing cultures of knowledge must be taken as the point of reference in resolving historical injustices done to the Muslim communities. The transformation of Muslim education through government policy interventions and meaningful collaborations with Muslim leaders and scholars may provide a holistic framework for enhancing social and knowledge integration, particularly in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). As such, the present study does not intend to provide a comprehensive revision of historical accounts about Islam in the Philippines; instead, it proposes an alternative approach in writing a history of Muslim education by embracing the universal principles that shape human culture and civilisation. Framed from the national agenda for social integration via education, the study views the prominence of systematic narration of the past events that captured the characteristics of Muslim communities, whose system of life and governance is based on advanced culture and civilisation is shaped by tawhidic worldview. In addition, the study maintains that drifting away from humanities and civilisational studies, which aims to restore values, ethics, morality, and vitality to a system of knowledge, will certainly result in losing the essence of education. Therefore, historians of education need to get up to speed to educate and inform people of the values necessary for understanding the existence of others. The methodology of the study is qualitative. It relies on primary and secondary sources on the history of Muslim education in the Philippines, government documents regarding policies in addressing the problem of Muslims in the Philippines, unpublished works, and interviews in addition to library research. The study recommends that historians of education should embrace the true principle of cultural convergence. Such profound recognition of ‘others’ and ‘us’ via the history of education may be achieved through inclusivity and open-minded outlooks, which recognises that BARMM is plural and a diverse community that is mutually connected with the universal teachings of Islam as religion, which encompasses culture, and civilisation.

Konflik Zona Ekonomi Ekslusif (ZEE) di Perairan Natuna antara Indonesia dan Republik Rakyat Tiongkok

This study examines the "Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Conflict in Natuna Waters Between Indonesia and China". This research was conducted based on the unresolved EEZ conflict between Indonesia and China. The purpose of this study is to find out how Indonesia manages the conflict in the Natuna waters with China, as well as to find out Indonesia's defense strategy and handling of the border area of ??the Natuna Islands and also to analyze the impact on cooperation between Indonesia and China on the conflict over this territory. The research method used in this thesis is library research where data collection uses primary and secondary data sources. The analysis uses several stages, namely topic selection, information exploration, research focus, data sources collected, reading sources, making notes, managing notes and preparing reports. The theory used is the theory of international conflict, conflict resolution. The results of this study are: first, the conflict resolution used by Indonesia is by means of litigation of International Communication. Second, the defense strategy in maintaining sovereignty used by Indonesia. Third, the impact of this regional conflict on diplomatic relations between Indonesia and China is not too significant because in the Jokowi era, it seems that Indonesia has focused on cooperation with China in various fields.

Transformation of Muslim Education in the Philippines: A Revisit

Given the influence of secularism in interpreting social facts, the present study highlights the relevance of recognising cultural convergence as the ultimate panacea to the decades of unresolved conflicts amongst various cultural groups in the Philippines. The study underlines that the surviving epistemological foundation between two opposing cultures of knowledge must be taken as the point of reference in resolving historical injustices done to the Muslim communities. The transformation of Muslim education through government policy interventions and meaningful collaborations with Muslim leaders and scholars may provide a holistic framework for enhancing social and knowledge integration, particularly in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). As such, the present study does not intend to provide a comprehensive revision of historical accounts about Islam in the Philippines; instead, it proposes an alternative approach in writing a history of Muslim education by embracing the universal principles that shape human culture and civilisation. Framed from the national agenda for social integration via education, the study views the prominence of systematic narration of the past events that captured the characteristics of Muslim communities, whose system of life and governance is based on advanced culture and civilisation is shaped by tawhidic worldview. In addition, the study maintains that drifting away from humanities and civilisational studies, which aims to restore values, ethics, morality, and vitality to a system of knowledge, will certainly result in losing the essence of education. Therefore, historians of education need to get up to speed to educate and inform people of the values necessary for understanding the existence of others. The methodology of the study is qualitative. It relies on primary and secondary sources on the history of Muslim education in the Philippines, government documents regarding policies in addressing the problem of Muslims in the Philippines, unpublished works, and interviews in addition to library research. The study recommends that historians of education should embrace the true principle of cultural convergence. Such profound recognition of ‘others’ and ‘us’ via the history of education may be achieved through inclusivity and open-minded outlooks, which recognises that BARMM is plural and a diverse community that is mutually connected with the universal teachings of Islam as religion, which encompasses culture, and civilisation.

Restlessness and an Increased Urge to Move (Drive for Activity) in Anorexia Nervosa May Strengthen Personal Motivation to Maintain Caloric Restriction and May Augment Body Awareness and Proprioception: A Lesson From Leptin Administration in Anorexia Nervosa.

Anorexia nervosa (AN), a disorder of voluntary food restriction leading to severe weight loss in female adolescents, remains an enigma. In particular, the appropriation of the starved thin body into the self-concept in AN is a process insufficiently researched and still poorly understood. Healthy humans undergoing starvation experience a slowing of movements and avoid voluntary exercise. By contrast, AN tends to be not infrequently associated with voluntary, sometimes excessive and/or compulsive exercise. Such deliberate exercise, not reported in starvation, seems to be facilitated by an increased urge for movement and physical restlessness, particular to AN. The increased urge to move would reflect spontaneous daily activity, the energy expended for everything that is not sleeping, eating, or voluntary exercise. Our hypothesis is that the starvation-induced increased urge to move and restlessness may promote the development of AN. Reversal of the fasting state, by either high caloric food or by leptin administration, would be expected to reduce restlessness and the increased urge to move along with improvement in other symptoms in AN. This review explores the idea that such restless activation in AN, in itself and through accelerating body weight loss, might foster the integration of the starving body into the self-concept by (1) enhancing the person’s sense of self-control and sense of achievement and (2) through invigorating proprioception and through intensifying the perception of the changing body shape. (3) Tentative evidence from studies piloting leptin administration in chronic AN patients which support this hypothesis is reviewed. The findings show that short term administration of high doses of leptin indeed mitigated depressive feelings, inner tension, intrusive thoughts of food, and the increased urge to be physically active, easing the way to recovery, yet had little influence on the patients’ personal commitment to remain at a low weight. Full recovery then requires resolution of the individuals’ personal unresolved psychological conflicts through psychotherapy and frequently needs specialized treatment approaches to address psychiatric co-morbidities. AN might be conceptualized as a hereditary form of starvation resistance, facilitated by the effects of starvation on fitness allowing for an exceptionally intense personal commitment to perpetuate food restriction.

Psychiatric ethical issues of transgender people

Today, psychiatric care for people with transgender people in the Russian Federation is difficult due to non-compliance with ethical principles in the work of the psychiatric service. The article deals with the unresolved ethical conflict regarding gender reassignment procedures between proponents of "not allowed, forbidden" with the attitude of psychiatrists to issue permission for sex reassignment only to "real" transsexuals, and supporters of the opposite liberal attitude towards issuing permission. for gender reassignment procedures for almost all applicants. Our article discusses ethical issues to help transgender people. The ethical principles of autonomy, harmlessness and beneficence in this article are intended to help transgender people. The authors ethically write about adding and not adding a transgender diagnosis to the International Classification of Diseases. This article raises concerns about the benefits and harms, the principle of respect for autonomy and the principle of beneficence, in order to provide good quality ethical care for transgender people. The authors discuss the problem of the ethical attitude of a psychiatrist to the mental health of transgender subjects. The authors discuss the ethical problem of the psychiatrist's attitude to the mental health of transgender subjects, medicalization and medical paternalism with the help of transgender people. This article raises considerations about the ethical role of the psychiatrist in gender reassignment procedures for subjects with varying degrees of mental health. The authors propose an algorithm for providing psychiatric care to persons who have undergone gender reassignment, which includes an in-depth examination by psychiatrists, psychologists, sexologists and a collegial conclusion on the state of mental health of a transgender person in the triad: mentally healthy or "have mental disorders", "borderline" or "mental psychotic disorders".

Museums as Platforms of Resistance: The Use of Technology in Conflict Memory, Transitional Justice and Peacebuilding

This article asks what we can learn about the role of technology as a tool of resistance in a post-conflict society by examining a case study of a museum under construction, and in the shadow of a still- unresolved conflict. We show how the virtual staging of the Centro Nacional de Memoria Histórica in Colombia has been crucial to its success in challenging more recent political events and in crafting national memory narratives during a period of fragile peacebuilding. We analyse a series of technologically mediated provocations and interventions mobilised by the Centro Nacional de Memoria Histórica in order to show how digital tools and media enabled the museum to commence its storytelling at a time of ongoing tension and dissensus. We argue that despite, or perhaps because of, the limitations of digital technologies in a predominantly rural country, these have proven a key tool in building a historical narrative around the Colombian conflict and in managing the tensions inherent in a fragile peacebuilding process. In this case study, we draw parallels between transitional justice initiatives and ongoing decolonial activities in museums, in order to reflect on the ways in which the use of technology might disrupt hegemonic narratives and traditional mnemonic practices and hierarchies.

Urgence and Security of Digitalization of Land Electronic Certificate Issuance Documents

This study aims to determine the urgency and how to regulate personal data protection and security for the issuance of electronic land certificates. The author concludes first, that the regulation of personal data protection has been regulated through the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and other laws and regulations. However, there is no law that specifically regulates the protection of personal data. Currently the Personal Data Protection Bill has been included in the 2022 <em>Prolegnas</em>. Regarding the security of electronic land certificates, the Ministry of <em>ATR/BPN</em> RI has implemented several security measures, but the potential for personal data leakage still exists. Second, the policy for issuing electronic land certificates is currently not urgent to implement. This is based on the first, the lack of socialization of the policy to the public. Second, it is still prone to leaks of personal data. Third, there are still many unresolved agrarian conflicts, one of the causes of which is related to the overlapping of land ownership rights. So the author suggests first to immediately ratify the Personal Data Protection Bill so that the legal umbrella is clearer. Second, urging the government to immediately resolve existing agrarian conflicts and complete the land certification program first through <em>PTSL</em>

Understanding the Nuclear Landscape in Southern Asia: Complexities and Possibilities

ABSTRACT The nuclear playground in Southern Asia is marked by an exceptional level of complexity. A number of players; their disparate thinking on how to establish deterrence; nuclear dyads that elongate into strategic chains; inter-twining of nuclear issues with conventional, space, cyber realms; disparities in military capabilities; historical animosities accentuated by unresolved territorial conflicts; divides that spawn ideologies, religions and civilizational issues; all make for an immensely complex situation. The consequent regional nuclear dynamics has fair potential for crisis and arms race instability. As a way to address the regional nuclear challenges, the paper explores the character of Pakistan–India and China–India nuclear dyads along three specific axes: drivers of conflict; points of commonalities, similarities and differences; and implications of these for their nuclear stockpiles. Armed with this understanding, it then offers some policy recommendations to address the concomitant dangers.

Legal bases of Ukraine’s European integration

The purpose of the article is to analyze trends in the development of legal support for Ukraine's European integration. In essence, the Association Agreement with Ukraine differs from the Association Agreements, signed by the European Union in the early 1990s with Central European countries, preparing to join the EU, or with the Middle East, North Africa and Latin America, which do not have any chances of joining the EU. The coordination of the issues of European integration of Ukraine depends on the effectiveness of the mechanisms of functioning of the legal institution of society as an apparatus, organized by society and responsible for the formation, observance and implementation of legal relations of legal entities. The legal order of the European Union does not provide for a special accession procedure. In June 1993, the Copenhagen membership criteria were developed, covering the candidate country's ability to have a functioning liberal democratic political system, to introduce European law into national law, and to have an economy capable of competing in the EU Common Market. The European Union set a precedent for the admission of a state with an unresolved territorial conflict when it accepted the Greek part of Cyprus on 1 May 2004. Outside the EU, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus remains recognized only by Turkey. This problem remains unresolved and is hampering constructive negotiations on Turkey's accession to the European Union. Therefore, the issue of recognizing Ukraine as a candidate for EU membership has a broad geopolitical context. Ukraine is working with the European Commission to agree on the procedure for negotiating accession to the European Union. The European Union has different strategies for negotiating the accession of new countries

CONFLICT OF INTEREST IN THE CIVIL SERVICE

In conditions of complexity and expansion of state influence on various spheres of society, there is an increase in the number of relationships between state authorities and various entities, which leads to interwoven interests resulting in a conflict of interests in the civil service when personal interests take priority over official duties. The importance of studying the conflict of interests lies in the fact that an unresolved conflict of interests causes a set of problems, one of which is corruption, which in turn results in a large number of negative consequences that are reflected in all spheres of society. Also, owing to the unresolved conflict of interests, the interests of society are ignored in order to satisfy the narrow interests of a civil servant. It undermines the credibility of public authorities in the public eye. The article reveals the relevance of studying the conflict of interests in the civil service, analyzes the normative definition of the concepts of "conflict of interests", "personal interest", considers the shortcomings in the legislation concerning these concepts, and also suggests ways to eliminate them. The article identifies the causes of the spread of a conflict of interest, considers the negative consequences associated with its occurrence and ways to prevent it in the civil service. The study proposes a set of measures to resolve the conflict of interests aimed at its primary prevention. A conclusion is made about the necessity of introducing new measures to resolve the conflict of interests in the civil service system in order not only to manage the conflict of interests that has already arisen, but also to prevent and avoid it, which will lead to better performing duties in the civil service.