Universal Module Research Articles

An Uplink Channel Estimator Using a Dedicated Instruction Set for 5G Small Cells.

As 5G small cells gradually become the main force of 5G indoor deployment, it is necessary to study channel estimators for 5G small base stations, but there has been limited research on high-performance channel estimators in recent years. This study implemented a low-delay, low-overhead, relatively universal channel estimation module by dedicated instruction set acceleration including reference signal estimation, Wiener, 1st order, and 2nd order interpolations in frequency and time domains. The instruction level acceleration is on our vector processor, yet is suitable for other commercial and academic vector processors. Through instruction acceleration, compared with the existing general vector processing instruction sets, the processor performance of the LS estimation module and Wiener filter interpolation in the frequency domain is improved by 50% and 37.5%, respectively. The BER VS SNR measure of time–frequency Wiener filter interpolation achieves 4 db compared with linear interpolation, meaning our instruction level acceleration can be an optimum solution.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 is obligatory for late pollen and early fruit development in tomato.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are universal signal transduction modules regulating vegetative and reproductive development of plants. However, the molecular mechanisms of the SlMPK4 gene in tomato pollen and fruit development remain elusive. SlMPK4 is preferentially and highly expressed in tomato stamens and its mRNA levels increase during early flower development, peaking at the mature pollen stage. Either up- or downregulation of SlMPK4 expression had no significant effect on tomato vegetative growth. However, RNAi-mediated suppression of SlMPK4 caused defects in pollen development, resulting in pollen abortion. The aborted pollen grains were either malformed or collapsed and completely lacked viability, resulting in a predominantly reduced fruit set rate in RNAi lines compared with control and overexpressing transgenic plants. Interestingly, seed development was inhibited in RNAi lines. Moreover, >12% of emasculated RNAi flowers developed seedless fruits without pollination. Anthers can produce typical microspore mother cells as well as uninucleate microspores, according to cytological investigations, while binucleate pollen ceased to produce typical mature pollen. Pollen abortion was further confirmed by transmission electron microscopy analysis at the binucleate stage in RNAi plants. The exine layer in aberrant pollen had a normal structure, while the intine layer appeared thicker. Suppression of SlMPK4 affects the transcript level of genes related to cell wall formation and modification, cell signal transduction, and metabolic and biosynthetic processes. A subset of genes that may be putative substrates of plant MAPKs were also differentially changed in RNAi transgenic flowers. Taken together, these results suggest that SlMPK4 plays a critical role in regulating pollen development and fruit development in tomato plants.

АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ ОБМЕНА ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИЕЙ В ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫХ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СИСТЕМАХ ПРИ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИИ ПРЕРВАННОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ ПОЕЗДОВ

The article analyzes existing systems for railway transport management from the viewpoint of ensuring the troops logistics. It considers prerequisites for reconstruction of the interrupted train traffic and states this issue by solving the linear programming problem. The article gives some systemic proposals to organize the Railway Troops activities in the process of technical cover of the railway network, which forms the basis of a brand new approach to reconstruct the interrupted train traffic in preparation for and during the operation. The principle of organizing the transfer of logistical information when reconstructing the control of interrupted train traffic, as well as when providing transportation in the course of the logistics of troops, is proposed. The article describes some technical solutions on the use of a wireless sensor network to organize the transfer of logistics information through a universal unattended module. Information technologies are proposed that can be used in the process of implementing these proposals.

Secure multi-party computations for privacy-preserving machine learning

The paper is devoted to the analysis of privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) systems based on secure multi-party computations. It reviews PPML systems, analyses the goals and objectives of its application. A generalized model of PPML architecture is proposed, reflecting the main functional blocks of such systems. The formulation of the problem of secure multi-party computation is considered. The descriptions of cryptographic primitives and protocols used to implement multi-party secure computation protocols, including garbled circuits, secret sharing schemes, and homomorphic encryption are given. The current PPML systems based on two-, three-, and four-party secure computations are analyzed. The main attention is paid to algorithmic aspects of systems, methods and protocols of securing information. Systems secure against semi-honest and active adversaries are considered, both based on universal modules for secure multi-party computations, and specialized ones designed to ensure the privacy of specific machine learning technologies, such as convolutional neural networks. We consider examples of implemented prototypes of several PPML systems. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions are formulated about the features of the future PPML systems.

Development of a universal nanobody-binding Fab module for fiducial-assisted cryo-EM studies of membrane proteins

With conformation-specific nanobodies being used for a wide range of structural, biochemical, and cell biological applications, there is a demand for antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) that specifically and tightly bind these nanobodies without disturbing the nanobody-target protein interaction. Here, we describe the development of a synthetic Fab (termed NabFab) that binds the scaffold of an alpaca-derived nanobody with picomolar affinity. We demonstrate that upon complementary-determining region grafting onto this parent nanobody scaffold, nanobodies recognizing diverse target proteins and derived from llama or camel can cross-react with NabFab without loss of affinity. Using NabFab as a fiducial and size enhancer (50 kDa), we determined the high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of nanobody-bound VcNorM and ScaDMT, both small membrane proteins of ∼50 kDa. Using an additional anti-Fab nanobody further facilitated reliable initial three-dimensional structure determination from small cryo-EM test datasets. Given that NabFab is of synthetic origin, is humanized, and can be conveniently expressed in Escherichia coli in large amounts, it may be useful not only for structural biology but also for biomedical applications.

Short homology-directed repair using optimized Cas9 in the pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans enables rapid gene deletion and tagging.

Cryptococcus neoformans, the most common cause of fungal meningitis, is a basidiomycete haploid budding yeast with a complete sexual cycle. Genome modification by homologous recombination is feasible using biolistic transformation and long homology arms, but the method is arduous and unreliable. Recently, multiple groups have reported the use of CRISPR-Cas9 as an alternative to biolistics, but long homology arms are still necessary, limiting the utility of this method. Since the S. pyogenes Cas9 derivatives used in prior studies were not optimized for expression in C. neoformans, we designed, synthesized, and tested a fully C. neoformans-optimized (Cno) Cas9. We found that a Cas9 harboring only common C. neoformans codons and a consensus C. neoformans intron together with a TEF1 promoter and terminator and a nuclear localization signal (Cno CAS9 or "CnoCAS9") reliably enabled genome editing in the widely used KN99α C. neoformans strain. Furthermore, editing was accomplished using donors harboring short (50 bp) homology arms attached to marker DNAs produced with synthetic oligonucleotides and PCR amplification. We also demonstrated that prior stable integration of CnoCAS9 further enhances both transformation and homologous recombination efficiency; importantly, this manipulation does not impact virulence in animals. We also implemented a universal tagging module harboring a codon-optimized fluorescent protein (mNeonGreen) and a tandem Calmodulin Binding Peptide-2X FLAG Tag that allows for both localization and purification studies of proteins for which the corresponding genes are modified by short homology-directed recombination. These tools enable short-homology genome engineering in C. neoformans.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE UNIVERSAL ROTARY MODULE URM THROUGH ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS

The article deals with the ongoing development of the universal rotary module URM 02. The high weight of the components from which the modules are assembled proved to be a significant problem. As well as the weight of the connecting parts that are needed to assemble the manipulator or robotic arm. Design changes have resulted in a reduction in weight compared to older generations of modules, but in order for the manipulator to function properly, further weight reduction is required. The article describes the procedure for lightening components by changing the material and the design changes that result from it. The original aluminium alloy was replaced by a continuous carbon fibres composite produced using CFR (Continuous Fiber Reinforcement) additive technology. Here you should describe the paper idea in short.

Multiplex Assay of Viruses Integrating Recombinase Polymerase Amplification, Barcode-Anti-Barcode Pairs, Blocking Anti-Primers, and Lateral Flow Assay.

A multiplex assay based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and lateral flow test (LFT) is a desirable tool for many areas. This multiplex assay could be efficiently realized using single-stranded (ss) DNAs located in separate zones on the test strip and bound complementary ssDNA tags of double-stranded (ds) DNA amplicons. Here, we investigate how to enrich multiplex assay capabilities using ssDNAs. Bifunctional oligonucleotide probes integrating (1) a forward primer for RPA, (2) a C9 spacer to stop polymerase, and (3) a ssDNA tag for binding at test strip are developed. The amplicons have a unique individual ssDNA tag at one end and a universal label of fluorescein introducing through a reverse primer at the other end. A conjugate of gold nanoparticles (GNP) with antibodies to fluorescein is used to detect all amplicons. The remainder of primers after RPA interacting with GNP conjugate was found to be a limiting factor for sensitive and specific multiplex assay. The addition of anti-RPA-primers before the use of test strips was proposed to simply and effectively eliminate remaining primers. This approach was successfully applied for the detection of three priority plant RNA viruses: potato virus Y (PVY), -S (PVS) and potato leafroll virus (PLRV). The total time of the assay is 30 min. The multiplex RPA-LFT detected at least 4 ng of PVY per g of plant leaves, 0.04 ng/g for PVS, and 0.04 ng/g for PLRV. The testing of healthy and infected potato samples showed concordance between the developed assay and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Thus, the capabilities of the proposed universal modules (ssDNA anchors, bifunctional probes, and blocking anti-primers) for multiplex detection of RNA analytes with high specificity and sensitivity were demonstrated.

Amplification-Free and Mix-and-Read Analysis of Multiplexed MicroRNAs on a Single Plasmonic Microbead.

In this work, a single microbead covered with a plasmonic layer is employed as the microreactor for the multiplexed miRNA analysis without nucleic acid amplification. On the plasmonic layer, the S9.6 antibody is adopted as the universal module for binding DNA/miRNA duplexes regardless of the sequence. Meanwhile, there is also a SERS reporter gold nanoparticle (GNP) pool, in which each group of GNPs is labeled with both a Raman coding molecule and a DNA probe for recognizing a given miRNA of interest. The target miRNAs will lead to the specific capture of the corresponding SERS reporter GNPs onto the plasmonic layer, which will enormously enhance the target miRNA-induced SERS signals. Finally, the enhanced SERS signals concentrated on the microbead will be mapped out by a confocal Raman microscope. The proposed method achieves the high-precision sensing of sub-pM target miRNA in a simple mix-and-read format and possesses multiplexed assay capability.

The universal unramified module for GL(n) and the Ihara conjecture

Let $F$ be a finite extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$. Let $W(k)$ denote the Witt vectors of an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $\ell$ different from $p$ and $2$, and let $\mathcal{Z}$ be the spherical Hecke algebra for $GL_n(F)$ over $W(k)$. Given a Hecke character $\lambda:\mathcal{Z}\to R$, where $R$ is an arbitrary $W(k)$-algebra, we introduce the universal unramified module $\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,R}$. We show $\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,R}$ embeds in its Whittaker space and is flat over $R$, resolving a conjecture of Lazarus. It follows that $\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,k}$ has the same semisimplification as any unramified principle series with Hecke character $\lambda$. In the setting of mod-$\ell$ automorphic forms, Clozel, Harris, and Taylor formulate a conjectural analogue of Ihara's lemma. It predicts that every irreducible submodule of a certain cyclic module $V$ of mod-$\ell$ automorphic forms is generic. Our result on the Whittaker model of $\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,k}$ reduces the Ihara conjecture to the statement that $V$ is generic.

The practice of managing real estate as an investment asset

Within the framework of the 10th International Science and Practical Conference “Organization of Construction and Development of Real Estate”, held in Moscow at the premises of the National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), a wide range of problems, dealing with the strategic focus of the real estate development at the present stage, was discussed. Not only did the methodological fundamentals of spatial and territorial development affect the goals and practical implementation requirements, but they also changed the management tools. New aspects of managing real estate as an investment asset emerged and started to develop in practice. The process required a number of provisions to be amended and recommendations to be made by the Conference participants. According to the conference speakers, managing real estate as an increasingly popular investment asset was among the problems that were least studied in the research literature. At the same time, the approach, proposed by the co-authors, encompasses management tools applicable to problem-plagued and normally functioning real estate, as well as complex real estate items integrated into separate elements of the urban planning structure. The management of numerous real estate facilities requires different approaches to be implemented by development companies (developers). They were studied by the co­authors who analyzed the case of Krasstroy Group of Construction Companies engaged in the construction and operation of real estate facilities. Understanding the practical experience of the company allowed the co-authors to systematize the principles of effective management, that represented a combination of advanced methods of design of universal modules of commercial premises, new functional opportunities provided by information and communication technologies, and methods of stimulating and coordinating operations performed by different stakeholders in urban districts and the city as a whole1.
 [1] This research was performed within the framework of the project “The study of the present-day structure and typology of housing and development of recommendations concerning the optimal number of apartments, taking into account demographic and social factors, as well as the entire range of needs of the population (using the case of Krasnoyarsk)” supported by the Krasnoyarsk State Autonomous Institution “Krasnoyarsk Regional Fund for Support of Scientific and Technical Activities” within the framework of the target competition of applied scientific research projects aimed at solving problems of urban development.

Combining a Universal OBD-II Module with Deep Learning to Develop an Eco-Driving Analysis System

Vehicle technology development drives economic development but also causes severe mobile pollution sources. Eco-driving is an effective driving strategy for solving air pollution and achieving driving safety. The on-board diagnostics II (OBD-II) module is a common monitoring tool used to acquire sensing data from in-vehicle electronic control units. However, different vehicle models use different controller area network (CAN) standards, resulting in communication difficulties; however, relevant literature has not discussed compatibility problems. The present study researched and developed the universal OBD-II module, adopted deep learning methods to evaluate fuel consumption, and proposed an intuitive driving graphic user interface design. In addition to using the universal module to obtain data on different CAN standards, this study used deep learning methods to analyze the fuel consumption of three vehicles of different brands on various road conditions. The accuracy was over 96%, thus validating the practicability of the developed system. This system will greatly benefit future applications that employ OBD-II to collect various types of driving data from different car models. For example, it can be implemented for achieving eco-driving in bus driver training. The developed system outperforms those proposed by previous research regarding its completeness and universality.

COLOR CONTROL OF THE DEVICE WITH LED TAPE ON THE VALUE OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY OF AIR

The work is devoted to the development of a lighting device with control of the color of the LED strip depending on the value of temperature and humidity. To develop a prototype of a lighting installation, an A-Star 32U4 Micro microcontroller (analogue of Arduino Micro), 2 pieces of RGB tape of 5 and 10 cm each, a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, connecting wires, a case were purchased. The A-Star 32U4 Micro microcontroller used in the proposed setup is a universal programmable module based on the ATmega32U4 AVR microcontroller from Microchip (formerly Atmel), which has 32KB flash memory, 2.5KB RAM, and builtin USB functionality. A voltage regulator and power selection circuitry allows the board to be powered from either USB or an external 5.5V to 15V supply, while a resettable PTC fuse on the USB VBUS power supply and reverse protection on the VIN help protect it from accidental damage. In the course of the work, studies were carried out on the operation of the installation under normal conditions and at low and high temperatures.

ПОБЕГООБРАЗОВАНИЕ EPILOBIUM HIRSUTUM L. В СВЯЗИ С АДАПТАЦИЯМИ ТРАВ СЕЗОННОГО КЛИМАТА К УСЛОВИЯМ ПЕРЕМЕННОГО УВЛАЖНЕНИЯ / ОБВОДНЕНИЯ

One of the fundamental problems of modern biology is the identification of adaptations of organisms to existence in different environments of the biosphere, the mechanisms and methods of the formation of their adaptations. A comparative analysis of shoot formation and ontogenesis of individuals makes it possible to reveal these features in plant biomorphs, including during the development of reservoirs by herbs by mesophytes. The article describes the shoot formation of the hygromesophyte Epilobium hirsutum L. The development and structural-functional zoning of shoots were assessed from the standpoint of modular organization and compared with the peculiarities of shoots formation in mesophytic and hydrophyte grasses. Shown: their similarity with monocarpic shoots of mesophytic herbs at the initial stages; further prolongation in the form of basipetal development through heterochronies and heterotopies with the development of lateral sylleptic shoots as in hydrophytes; increasing the area of the assimilating surface of an individual and ensuring the autonomy of individual shoot systems due to this with early morphological disintegration of the individual. It is proposed to distinguish the following stages in the development of the terrestrial part of the shoot system: vegetative uniaxial shoot - monocarpic shoot - disjunctive system of monopodial shoot - synflorescence system (double heterothetical frondose-frondular brush) at the shoot apex and replacement shoots in the transitional phase of its development in the zone of renewal , broken by the middle zone of inhibition, is more multicomponent and branched in comparison with those in mesohygrophytes like Veronica longifolia L., but less complexity than in hydrophytes - the aquatic form of V. anagallis-aquatica L. It is noted that the early transformation of the universal module (monocarpic shoot) into the main module (the shoot system formed on its basis) is provided by polyvariance in the development of leaf rudiments and axillary structures of elementary modules (elementary metameres) in connection with the conditions of the location of the apex and demonstrates possible mechanisms of adaptation of flowering plants with a sympodial long-shoot model of shoot formation to life in water bodies: abbreviation of ontogeny of an individual and monocarpity of ramet with polycarpicity of an organism (prolongation of ontogeny of an individual).

Structural Design and Thermodynamic Analysis of a Missile Borne RF Module

The volume, weight and heat dissipation resources of missile borne SAR seeker are seriously limited, and the working environment is extremely harsh. Therefore, more stringent requirements are put forward on the structural design and thermal design of the electronic module on the missile borne SAR seeker. In this paper, the modular structure design and passive thermal control of a missile borne RF module are studied. In order to improve the interchangeability of products and simplify the design, a universal RF module based on JVPX connector is designed in this paper. In view of the high-speed and high-temperature physical working environment of the SAR seeker, the structure of phase-change heat sink is adopted in the module, which solves the thermal control problem of short-term reliable operation of the heating chip on the module. Finally, the effectiveness of the passive heat dissipation is verified by simulation analysis.

Schur–Weyl duality, Verma modules, and row quotients of Ariki–Koike algebras

We prove a Schur-Weyl duality between the quantum enveloping algebra of $\mathfrak{gl}_m$ and certain quotient algebras of Ariki-Koike algebras, which we give explicitly. The duality involves several algebraically independent parameters and is realized through the tensor product of a parabolic universal Verma module and a tensor power of the natural representation of $\mathfrak{gl}_m$. We also give a new presentation by generators and relations of the generalized blob algebras of Martin and Woodcock as well as an interpretation in terms of Schur-Weyl duality by showing they occur as a particular case of our algebras.

Contextually categorised adjective as predicate in Mandarin

This paper revisits a well-known puzzle that adjectives in Mandarin generally require overt degree morphology to extend a positive interpretation. Based on the framework of Borer's Contextual Categorisation, I argue that this is because most Mandarin adjectives are category-less roots which need to merge in a position required to be A-equivalent by a functional node within the extended projections of AP. When degree morphemes are unavailable, roots can rely upon higher nodes in the extended projection line of AP as the head of CP. The analysis predicts that a language needs degree morphology for adjective predicates only when it has a large collection of category-less roots but no adjective markers, which rules English and Japanese out. Two observations support the root-categorisation assumption. One is the adjectival use of some words which are more typically interpreted as nouns. It's expected because roots naturally fit into positions of any kind. The other one is the lack of obligatory degree morphemes when adjectives are used as prenominal modifiers, since the modification marker de is an equally qualified categoriser for roots. The proposal indicates that Mandarin is not particularly special in the predicate domain, but just influenced by settings of universal modules.

Inverse Kinematics Data Adaptation to Non-Standard Modular Robotic Arm Consisting of Unique Rotational Modules

The paper describes the original robotic arm designed by our team kinematic design consisting of universal rotational modules (URM). The philosophy of modularity plays quite an important role when it comes to this mechanism since the individual modules will be the building blocks of the entire robotic arm. This is a serial kinematic chain with six degrees of freedom of unlimited rotation. It was modeled in three different environments to obtain the necessary visualizations, data, measurements, structural changes measurements and structural changes. In the environment of the CoppeliaSim Edu, it was constructed mainly to obtain the joints coordinates matching the description of a certain spatial trajectory with an option to test the software potential in future inverse task calculations. In Matlab, the model was constructed to check the mathematical equations in the area of kinematics, the model’s simulations of movements, and to test the numerical calculations of the inverse kinematics. Since the equipment at hand is subject to constant development, its model can also be found in SolidWorks. Thus, the model’s existence in those three environments has enabled us to compare the data and check the models’ structural designs. In Matlab and SolidWorks, we worked with the data imported on joints coordinates, necessitating overcoming certain problems related to calculations of the inverse kinematics. The objective was to compare the results, especially in terms of the position kinematics in Matlab and SolidWorks, provided the initial joint coordinate vector was the same.

Means of filling gas-filled cars. Lecture No 7. Part 2. Design features of mobile automobile gas filling stations with liquefied petroleum gas (AGZS)

The characteristics and parameters of mobile means of transportation and refueling of LPG are given. The characteristics of a mobile automobile gas filling station of frame and frameless construction are analyzed. The basic technological scheme of the APCT-9611 gas tanker is given. The characteristics and operating principle of the shut-off and safety equipment of the transport tank are given. A design diagram of an electric pump for supplying LPG to a mobile gas tanker is presented. A schematic diagram of a reciprocating LPG flow volume Converter is presented. The features of the mechanical and electromagnetic LPG level indicator in a transport tank are described. A schematic diagram of a mobile universal (discharge/filling) gas process module UTMG-01 is shown. Keywords: liquefied petroleum gas; mobile frame and frameless construction of a tanker truck; characteristics and parameters of the station; gas equipment, pumping unit; gas meter; principle and operating modes of the LPG level indicator. pdo@mospolytech.ru

Improvement of a High-Current-Density Power Backplane Design With a PID Fan Control Cooling System on an Enterprise Server

Power consumption saving and direct airflow to enhance a system’s cooling efficiency are important for the per watt index performance both of a server system and a data center’s application. In this research project, we design the high-current-density power distribution printed circuit board (PCB) as an enterprise server power backplane board. This project also includes a design of both the vent hole size and the location to distribute the direct current path not only to attain a satisfactory loading balance but also to obtain the necessary direct airflow to improve cooling efficiency. In addition, we design the proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control module as a universal management control module for an enterprise server as a rack system assembly, in order to control the fan speed duty cycle more efficiently, all of which depends on a temperature that is different from the present error, the accumulation of past errors, and the prediction of future errors. We also consider the server system airflow impedance and fan speed duty and their dependence on other items, to ensure that the airflow is controllable and to prevent not only interference but also noise between enterprise server systems.