Abstract
Vehicle technology development drives economic development but also causes severe mobile pollution sources. Eco-driving is an effective driving strategy for solving air pollution and achieving driving safety. The on-board diagnostics II (OBD-II) module is a common monitoring tool used to acquire sensing data from in-vehicle electronic control units. However, different vehicle models use different controller area network (CAN) standards, resulting in communication difficulties; however, relevant literature has not discussed compatibility problems. The present study researched and developed the universal OBD-II module, adopted deep learning methods to evaluate fuel consumption, and proposed an intuitive driving graphic user interface design. In addition to using the universal module to obtain data on different CAN standards, this study used deep learning methods to analyze the fuel consumption of three vehicles of different brands on various road conditions. The accuracy was over 96%, thus validating the practicability of the developed system. This system will greatly benefit future applications that employ OBD-II to collect various types of driving data from different car models. For example, it can be implemented for achieving eco-driving in bus driver training. The developed system outperforms those proposed by previous research regarding its completeness and universality.
Highlights
Eco-driving ameliorates unsafe driving behaviors and styles, achieving safe driving with reduced energy consumption [1]
The predicted and theoretical curves not exhibit significant differences when the vehicles were driven on regular roads (ap-did did notexhibit exhibitsignificant significantdifferences differenceswhen whenthe thevehicles vehicleswere weredriven drivenon onregular regularroads roads(approxi(apnot proximately 0–1000 sproximately and 1800–3000 s)
The proposed system is applicable to multiple car different car models and road conditions revealed a fuel consumption prediction accura models and provides real-time notifications on abnormal driving behaviors based on releof over 90%
Summary
Eco-driving ameliorates unsafe driving behaviors and styles, achieving safe driving with reduced energy consumption [1]. Factors affecting fuel consumption and driving safety include calm driving styles, maintenance of a safe driving speed, proper use of air conditioning, and optimal route planning. The definition of factors affecting fuel consumption is fundamental to achieving eco-driving. Deceleration, and high-speed driving should be avoided to reduce fuel consumption [2], as should the use of low gears and frequent gear shifting [3]. The literature has classified driving styles into ordinary, calm, aggressive, or unnatural according to various driving parameters, including vehicle speed, acceleration, engine speed, and driving duration [4]. Aggressive or unnatural driving styles lead to higher fuel consumption, exacerbate environmental pollution, and directly influence driving safety [5]. Multiple studies have proposed methods to achieve safe [6,7], economical [8,9], and comfortable [10] eco-driving
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