Unity Of Command Research Articles

Studi Literatur Penerapan Konsep dan Peran Manajemen pada Organisasi

The concept of management is a crucial element for effective organizational management. This article discusses various management theories and approaches, including basic functions such as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. This research uses literature studies or literature reviews. The information used in this study comes from previous research written in national and international online publications. The data collection procedure makes use of the standards set by the authors of each magazine. Finding problems for research, gathering relevant data about them, and examining some fundamental hypotheses related to them are the broad goals of literary studies. The results of this study highlight the evolution of management thinking from the classical era to the modern era, including the contributions of important figures and recent advances in management practice. The research also explores the application of management concepts in various industries and organizations, as well as the challenges managers face in a dynamic business environment. In addition, this study emphasizes the importance of adaptation and innovation in management practices to improve organizational performance. Thus, this research provides an in-depth insight into the fundamental concepts of management and their influence on management practices. Modern management is based on principles such as discipline, division of labor, authority and responsibility, unity of command, unity of direction, subordination of personal interests, fair wages, centralization, authority, order, justice, stability of positions, initiative, and the spirit of solidarity. These principles help management actions achieve organizational goals.

Industry 4.0 and Fayol’s 14 Principles of Functional Management: Relevances, Emerging Practices and Consequences

Aim: This study aims to examine and evaluate the relevance and importance of Henri Fayol's principles of management and its emerging practices in the context of Industry 4.0. Approach: The study employs a literature review approach to analyze and synthesize existing research and literature related to Fayol's principles of management and their applicability in the age of Industry 4.0. Findings: The analysis shows that several of Fayol's principles, including division of labor, authority and responsibility, discipline, order, equity, and stability of tenure of personnel, remain remarkably relevant in the digital age. But, some principles, such as unity of command and unity of direction, may need to be adapted in decentralized decision-making and cross-functional collaboration. The study also identifies new management practices and methodologies, such as agile methodologies, design thinking, and data-driven decision-making, that are emerging to meet the demands of Industry 4.0. By adapting and applying Fayol's principles in new and innovative ways, businesses can leverage the opportunities of Industry 4.0 while ensuring a positive work environment and employee satisfaction. Originality/Value: This study provides valuable insights for businesses and management practitioners on the continued relevance and applicability of Fayol's principles of management in the age of Industry 4.0. The study also highlights the need for businesses to invest in employee learning and development, utilize data and analytics, and explore new tactics and practices better suited to the digital age.

Library Management Implementation at Al Kautsar Junior High School of Bandar Lampung

As library is a very important source of learning, and every school must own and organize a library that meets national library standards. In this study, the main problem is how to implement library management at Al Kautsar Middle School, Bandar Lampung. This study aims to to describe the planning, organizing, leadership, and supervision of the Al Kautsar Middle School library in Bandar Lampung. This type of research uses a qualitative research method with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection was done through interviews, observation, and documentation. While data analysis included data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The results of the research were as follows: 1) library planning consists of determining the vision, mission, and objectives, identifying strengths and weaknesses, and understanding the opportunities and threats of the library. 2) The organization of the library comprises the division of labor, the division of authority, the unity of command, and the formation of structures has been going well. 3) The leadership of the SMP Al Kautsar Bandar Lampung library was carried out by measuring national standards. 4) Library supervision was carried out by measuring indicators of library supervision. The suggestion that the researcher can convey is that it is necessary to add human resources so that the already good library management can run even better.
 Keywords: management, library, implementation

Доклад генерал-майора Д. П. Струкова о постановке военной цензуры в Петрограде и Петроградском военном округе. 1915 г.

The article publishes the report of the chairman of the Petrograd Military Censorship Commission, General D. P. Strukov, to the Chief of the Petrograd Military District on the organization of military censorship in the capital (July 9, 1915). By this time military censorship in Petrograd was a complex and multilevel structure, covering not only the press and correspondence, but also theater, cinema, public speeches and reports. Under the "Provisional Regulations on Military Censorship," adopted with the outbreak of World War I, censors had broad powers and could ban virtually any printed material, stop the forwarding of any correspondence, and prohibit any speech or theatrical production. However, this did not avoid numerous mistakes and contradictory decisions when censoring newspapers and magazines. It was not uncommon for one censor to authorize an article for publication and another to prohibit it. Significant difficulties also arose in the censorship of postal and telegraphic correspondence. Due to the widespread and chronic shortage of qualified personnel, postal and telegraph offices and post offices did not have time to review thousands of letters and telegrams, both internal and external. The "backlogs" of correspondence that had already formed in the first month of the war attracted the attention of the command and the censorship leadership. Meetings were held, censors were transferred to the "problem" areas, but the problem was solved slowly, and the "backlogs" generally increased. Letters and telegrams were delayed for months and often did not reach their addressees, which caused great irritation in the society and in the army. Representatives of the censorship called for a multiple increase in the funding of censorship offices and increase in the staff to solve the problem of "deposits" and complete control of internal and external correspondence. The supporter of such a campaign was General Strukov, who proposed in his report of July 9, 1915, to increase the number of censors by 450 people, to raise their salaries, and to establish a full review of all letters and telegrams. In addition, Strukov proposed to change the structure of military censorship in the capital: to subordinate all military censorship commissions of the Petrograd Military District to a single head, subordinate in his turn to the commander of the VI Army. With the help of such "unity of command" the General intended to eliminate the problem of contradictory decisions, unnecessary correspondence and conflicts between departments. Strukov's proposals were realized only partially: in 1915-1916 the number of censors was practically doubled, the maintenance of military censorship venues was improved. However, the problems of censorship - inconsistency, unjustified rigidity, selectivity and constant delay of correspondence - remained for the whole period of the First World War.

Enhancing Language Corner Management with Henry Fayol’s Principles at Darussalam Gontor University

The purpose of this study to describe the program of management Languge Corner based on fourteen managements principles of Henry Fayol in the form (Division of Work, Authority and Responsibility, Discipline, Unity of Command, Unity of Direction, Subordination of Individual Interests, Payroll, Centralization, Scalar Chains, Order, Justice, Stability, Initiative, Spirit of Unity). The research approach used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study type. The research subjects were at the Educational Institute of Darussalam Gontor University, Ponorogo. Techniques of data collection were collected through observation of Langugage Corner program management and interviews with heads of Arabic language teaching programs and students as well and administrative documentation. Data analysis included data display, data reduction and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the management of the Language corner program at Darussalam Gontor University had used fourteen management principles from Henry Fayol. Each indicator of management principle was included of category highly implemented which means that these fourteen management principles had been implemented in the language corner program. at Darussalam Gontor University. The four of these principles are: prioritizing organizational interests over individual interests, fair compensation, centralization and scalar chain are included in applied criteria.

MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN CALAMBA CITY, LAGUNA

This study determined the level of manifestation of management practices and the level of employee performance among the selected private higher education institutions in Calamba City Laguna. The research design used was descriptive. The data were gathered using a survey questionnaire. Respondents were members of management and employees of selected private higher education institutions in Calamba City Laguna. Random sampling was used to select the respondents. This study used Pearson Product-Moment Correlation as a statistical tool to analyze and interpret the data. Results show that selected private higher education institutions in Calamba City were able to manifest the best management practices highly. Employees were highly encouraged to collaborate and participate to accomplish the task for the betterment of the organization while instilling in them the institution’s mission, vision, and core values. They also enjoyed different benefits like scholarships and other benefits. The study further manifested that employees had excellent task performance. Employees knew how to set priorities to identify what must be done first. Also, it was very evident that employees had outstanding contextual performance. Employees were very particular about keeping their job knowledge up-to-date and improving their performance at work. In general, task performance and contextual performance of employees were significantly related to the Division of Work, Authority, Discipline, Unity of Command, Unity of Direction, Subordination of Individual Interest, Scalar Chain, Order, Initiative, and Esprit de Corps. On the contrary, task performance and contextual performance of employees did not have a significant relationship with Remuneration, Centralization/Decentralization, Equity, and Stability of Tenure of Personnel.

COLLABORATION ON DAS CITARUM HANDLING THROUGH THE TNI BHAKTI PROGRAM AND LAW ENFORCEMENT IN THE FRAMEWORK OF MILITARY CAMPAIGN STRATEGY

The management of the Citarum Watershed (Watershed) carried out through collaboration between the TNI (Indonesian Armed Forced) through the Regional Military Command (Kodam) III/Siliwangi and the Regional Government has so far not shown significant results. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the collaboration in handling the Citarum Watershed through the Bhakti TNI and law enforcement, using a qualitative method. Where from the research conducted it was found that the implementation of the Collaboration Bhakti TNI Kodam III/Siliwangi in the handling of the Citarum Watershed and law enforcement is still faced with sectoral egoism with supporting factors in the form of regulations so that multi-sector synergy with related stakeholders is integrated. Efforts carried out in collaboration in handling the Citarum watershed and law enforcement require the participation of environmentally conscious communities on the Citarum Riverbanks and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)/Status Procedures (Protap), Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), as well as Working Relations Mechanisms in cooperation in the arrangement of the Citarum Watershed . Collaboration in handling the Citarum watershed through Bhakti TNI and law enforcement in supporting military campaign strategies requires synergy, speed and accuracy in moving people, infrastructure and equipment, as well as unity of command. To realize this, it was suggested to the President to issue a Presidential Regulation regarding the involvement of the Regional Military Commander III/Siliwangi as the person in charge of the ecosystem and environment, the need for education to increase the participation of environmentally conscious communities on the Citarum River Basin, as well as the formulation of SOP or Protap including MoU between components in pentahelix , Mechanism of Working Relations in accelerating the arrangement of the Citarum Watershed.

Implementasi Manajemen Organisasi di Stais Al-Ishlahiyah Binjai

Every college has a goal. To achieve this goal, higher education institutions need a good organizational structure, namely a healthy and efficient organizational structure. organizational structure is the result of the management process, in this case as the output of the organizing process. In the process of establishing the organizational structure, the Team must pay attention to and apply various organizational principles, namely the formulation of clear goals, departmentalization, division of labor, delegation of authority, span of control, organizational levels, and unity of command. The application of these principles in the organizational process can produce a sound and efficient organizational structure. Quality tertiary education plays an important role in nation-building, it is a means to give birth to educated-intellectuals. The number of educated people produced by universities has accelerated the improvement of the quality of people's lives in this country. Universities are obliged to provide a quality educational process. From that, thinkers, initiators and implementers will be born in various fields of community life. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type with a multi-case design. Collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis using the Miles and Huberman data analysis model which includes four components, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Checking the wetness of the data using triangulation. Now, educational institutions are focused on the era a very big and undeniable transformation that universities must accept if they want to survive, struggle, and develop. Solving the problem, many ideas are explored, such as the concept of economy and decentralization.

Venture creation in the aftermath of COVID-19: The impact of US governor party affiliation and discretion.

In the USA, governors became central figures in the fight against the novel coronavirus. In many cases, state leaders were forced to choose between preserving life and protecting economic livelihood. While prior research has underscored the important role that US governors played in implementing healthcare policies at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, we know little about how characteristics of state leaders impacted self-employment. In this paper, we draw from upper echelons theory to examine how governor party and discretion impacted venture creation in the food and restaurant industry. Interestingly, we find no significant relationship between governor party and venture creation. However, we find that when the governor and legislature were unified in their political party — irrespective of party line — there were a higher number of new food and restaurant ventures created. We also found this effect to be strengthened when small business unemployment levels were higher. We explore the implications of these results for how unity of command may be beneficial during times of crisis.

How to Promote Effectiveness of Dual Leadership: Perspectives from Power Distribution

In a dual leadership condition, two leaders share formal power in team decision-making. How to distribute the power between dual leaders in the decision-making process determines team effectiveness. Our research proposes a new perspective to solve the tension between the unity of command and the shared command in a dual leadership condition. We advance and distinguish between decision-participation power and decision-making power. Furthermore, we posit that the decision-participation power gap has a negative effect on team performance through decision-making comprehensiveness whereas the decision-making power gap has a positive effect on team performance through the decision-making speed. A multi-time and multi-source data of 127 dual leader pairs provide support for our hypotheses. Our research discusses the theoretical and practical implications for dual leadership and power distribution.

Principles and Significance of Criminal Policy in the Field of Crime Prevention in the Educational Environment

The modern domestic education system is developing and improving. At the same time, it often remains unprotected from various kinds of threats and dangers of a criminal nature. Of particular concern is the criminality of students, who, as practice shows, often commit illegal acts directed against other participants in educational relations. It seems that the formation and development of criminal policy in the field of prevention of all existing criminal phenomena in the field of education has an important preventive potential in this aspect. In this article, the author reveals the general and special principles of criminal policy in this sphere of public relations. The author refers to the general principles of legality, justice, humanism, equality of citizens before the law, democracy, as well as the principle of the inevitability of responsibility in the implementation of criminal policy. In turn, the special principles of criminal policy in the field of crime prevention in the educational environment include: the principle of matching tasks, powers and resources; the principle of the proactive nature of strategic decisions; the principle of scientific; the principle of complexity; the principle of compliance with morality; the principle of purposefulness; the principle of combining unity of command and collegiality. The analysis of the implementation of these principles has shown that at present, oddly enough, they are often violated during the implementation of criminal policy. However, the author believes that such violations are inevitable, since, in an effort to comply with one principle, the state to a certain extent violates the second one. In general, the criminal policy is reflected primarily in the existing normative legal acts. The analysis of these acts shows that at the present time a lot of attention is paid to the criminal policy in the field of education, but there is still no unified state strategy for the development of this area. The main goal of criminal policy in the field of crime prevention in the educational environment, according to the author, is to influence criminal phenomena by developing theoretical ideas aimed at countering and preventing crime. The author notes that the modern criminal policy of Russia is formed in two directions. The first direction is to improve legislation, and the second direction implies the formation and improvement of criminology, which reveals the nature of the grounds of crime and develops measures to prevent it. It seems that the development of these areas, as well as other scientific research in the field of criminal policy in the field of crime prevention in the educational environment, will contribute to the development of a unified state system for the prevention of all existing criminal phenomena in the field of education.

FORMATION OF THE WATER POLICE IN NIZHNY NOVGOROD (1918–1921)

The article reveals the nature of the transformations in the law enforcement system, in particular in water police, in Soviet Russia. On the basis of a wide range of previously unused archival sources, the process of organizational formation of the water police on the Volga in 1918–1921 is presented. The main feature of this process was constant reforming of this security system in order to find the optimal organization to protect waterways and river transport. The first Soviet head of the river police of Nizhny Novgorod P.I. Protasov took up his post in January 1918. In 1919, protection of waterways and public order on them was carried out by the internal security troops of Nizhny Novgorod sector by separate rifle brigades of the Paramilitary Guard Troops (VOKhR) of the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD) of the RSFSR. At the beginning of 1920, for the first time in our country, the system of All-Russian police on transport was formed. According to this reform, Nizhny Novgorod became part of Nizhny Novgorod section of the river police, which was part of Nizhny Novgorod District Administration of the Volga region. Distribution of protection areas on river transport was fixed in the document dated May 18, 1920. In accordance with it, security on the navigable waterways was assigned to VOKhR troops, to the water police and watchmen. The new status of the water militia and the expansion of its tasks were determined by the «Regulations on the Workers’ and Peasants ‘Militia», adopted on June 10, 1920. The next reorganization of the security system on the river transport of the Soviet Republic was carried out in November-December 1920. It was aimed at strengthening centralization and unity of command in this matter, elimination of disparate actions in the activities carried out by security structures. The article highlights the issue of personnel selection for the water police, taking into account the «class approach» in the formation of new authorities, including the police. Previously unknown facts about the personal composition of the water police leaders are given, and the further fate of some of them is traced. The article gives a fairly complete idea of the first years in the formation and activity of the water police in Nizhny Novgorod and the Volga basin.

Counterinsurgency in the Age of Enlightenment: military ethnography of the ‘Highland Problem’

ABSTRACT One of the first and closest ‘laboratories’ of the British Empire in terms of turning the British army into a colonial institution during protracted counterinsurgency was one of the inner Gaelic fringes of the United Kingdom, the Highlands of Scotland. It was there in the first half of the Eighteenth century that the army appeared as a corporate institution with its own views not just on its role in the defeating the Jacobite movement, but in resolving the ‘Highland Problem’, acquiring and applying militarily useable topographic and ethnographic knowledge as well as coercive power. The military presence in the Highlands of Scotland was based on intelligence, collaboration with local allies, social control and working civil-military relations, despite the lack of the unity of command during the whole period of the Jacobite movement. This was the dark side of the Enlightenment: the growth of knowledge about rebellious populations of the European empires that had been tested on the lines of ‘enlightened’ pacification and added to the toolbox of colonial counterinsurgency. It would help shape later methods of colonial counter-insurgency in the next century.

Healthcare and Terrorism: The Lebanese Experience.

Due to the common instability caused by political and security issues, Lebanese hospitals have experienced acts of terrorism multiple times. The most recent Beirut Explosion even forced several hospitals to cease operations for the first time in decades-but studies show the preparedness levels for such attacks in similar countries are low. The aim of this study is to explore the experience of Lebanese hospitals with terrorist attacks. This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with various stakeholders to assess their experience with terrorist bombings. Data was analyzed using the thematic analysis method. The researchers found that Lebanese hospitals vary greatly in their structures and procedures. Those differences are a function of 3 contextual factors: location, culture, and accreditation status. Hospitals found near 'dangerous zones' were more likely to be aware and to have better response to such events. A severe lack of communication, unity of command, and collaboration between stakeholders has made the process fragmented. The researchers recommend a larger role for the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) in this process, and the creation of a platform where Lebanese organizations can share their experiences to improve preparedness and resilience of the Lebanese healthcare system in the face of terrorism.

Role and significance of collegiality and unity of command as a principle of organization and activity of executive authorities in Russia

This article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of implementing such a principle of organization and activity of executive authorities in the Russian Federation as collegiality and unity of command. The authors identified the main shortcomings and imbalance in the implementation of the principle of collegiality and unity of command as the main organizational and legal forms of activity of executive authorities in modern conditions, and also developed proposals to eradicate imbalances in the work of collective and single-executive bodies of executive power.

Psycholinguistics Approach to Study of Female Stereotypes in the Armed Forces of Ukraine

This article is aimed to substantiate and explain the outcome of the empirical, inductive study of the website of a Ukrainian “Military Service” group. The language level of female stereotypes in the Armed Forces of Ukraine was subjected to analysis through studying of the gender stereotype functions conditionally divided into psychological and social ones. As a main research method was used discourse analysis. Cognitive-adaptive function is realized through the cognitive gender metaphor, which are becoming tools that breaks down traditional female stereotypes and offer a new perspective, namely the failure of polarization between the genders. The value-protective function of female stereotypes is aimed to maintain collective values, justify and rationalize discriminatory attitudes towards the outgroups. Constructive function of gender stereotyping favors the emancipation of a serviceman, helps to prevent the stress associated with the need to obey in armed forces, lets adopt the form and manner of behavior in typical social situations that presuppose strict military discipline, subordination and unity of command, lets a serviceman perceive and evaluate a woman based on the characteristics of her inner world and her professional activities. Emotional-evaluative function of female stereotypes helps military man in the Armed Forces of Ukraine reproduce situations that are emotionally significant for him, in which his needs in recognition and love have been met. Further, this can contribute to creation of psychological comfort and deep emotional ties between men and women in a military collective.

The Handling of Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia from the Perspective of Nonmilitary Defense Strategy

Pandemic coronavirus disease -2019 (COVID-19) resulted in various aspects of the life of Indonesian people, including aspects of defense and security. The defense state classifies threats into military threats, nonmilitary, and combined or hybrid threats. The epidemic of COVID-19 is a non - military threat with a public safety dimension against the national defense. The bureaucracy that has not been properly integrated, sectoral egos, and negative news about the pandemic have become obstacles in the handling of the COV ID-19 pandemic by the Government of Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the simple handling of the pandemic COVID-19 by the Indonesian Government from the perspective of nonmilitary defense principles. This becomes important to unravel and minimize the obstacles faced so that subsequent handling will be more effective and efficient. This paper uses descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach and a literature study. With the theory principles of defense strategy of nonmilitary, the author is looking at steps undertaken by Indonesia Government in handling the pandemic COVID-19. The principle of unity of command, coordination principle, the principle of anticipation, and the principle of transparency still need to be improved in a concrete way so that the handling of the pandemic COVID-19 is effective and efficient, could be reached. Building synergies and integrity policymakers consistently and continuously, inevitability to improve the defense state ability in the face of threats, military, nonmilitary and hybrid threats

Cultural Locality and Bureaucracy on the Sukabumi City Police Command

Rational bureaucratic models in various organizational contexts can no longer be implemented as originally designed because of the interaction of cultural locality, including in city-level police organizations. Services to the community in the District of Sukabumi cannot be implementedappropriately. It is because there are three problems, namely the absence of detailed and transparent rules, the lack of material and budget support, and the functional relationship between the police and the community, which is influenced by the dominant local culture. This research investigates the variety of features of cultural locality in the bureaucracy of Sukabumi ResortPolice through a qualitative approach.The source of research data is determined purposively and snowball based on an emic approach to get social phenomena that occur. Data mining is carried out in the form of complete participant observation, interviews, and document studies. The results of the research revealed that the bureaucracy in resort police is characterized by a unique hierarchical chain and unity of command through and carried out by superiors, specialization into functions, regulations and organizational policies, standard procedures for each job, career coaching structure, and impersonal relationships. In addition, the cultural context and locality of the Sukabumi community, which is thick with Sundanese culture, become a social convention which is manifested in activities, actions, and ways of thinking. These manifestations are based on friendship, mutual assistance and respect, respect for parents, deliberation in solving social problems that refer to the culture of diriungkeun by using religious figures, preachers, and ajengan as primordial charismatic figures.Cultural context and locality are believed to have influenced the bureaucratic style so that the rational bureaucracy cannot be fully implemented but must adopt local culture.

ЦЕННОСТНЫЕ ОСНОВЫ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЯ ВОЕННОГО ВУЗА

A number of requirements are imposed on the activities of teachers in military schools due to certain restrictions, official relations, which are based on the principles of centralization and unity of command. The purpose of the study is to determine the value foundations and value-semantic components of professional and pedagogical activity of a military university teacher. A theoretical study made it possible to establish reasons that affect the activities nature of a military university teacher. They are associated with a change in value orientations in society and the army. The rethinking of the traditional values of military service and officers is indicated. For the successful organization of professional and pedagogical activity of military university teachers, understanding of changes in norms, values, discourse and military professional and pedagogical activity is also required. The importance of the teacher’s personality, his unique professional and human qualities, as well as those values that he himself follows and broadcasts to cadets is emphasized. The results of axiological analysis show that the values of professional and pedagogical activity of teachers of a military university are a well-established system of attitudes, informed representations, which ensures the choice of strategies for professional behavior of teachers of a military university, its stability and continuity. This system is holistic in nature and acts as a cognitively functioning system that determines the relationship between the prevailing views on the problems of military education, the requirements of military service and the teacher professional and pedagogical activity. Under the conditions of irreversible axiological changes, the work of a teacher at a military university is becoming more and more complicated. Values are manifested in the style of teachers professional and pedagogical activity, the nature of the relationship built by teachers. The values of professional pedagogical activity are formed on the basis of ethical standards, moral and ethical guidelines, attitudes that exist in the professional pedagogical community of military university teachers.

When does co-leadership drive innovation? The non-linear effect of co CEOS’ power differences on R&D spending

A co-leadership structure at the executive level is characterized by the presence of two co-CEOs exerting mutual influence on each other while working together towards common goals. This study relies on the unity of command and social comparison theories to investigate the relationship between power differences within co-CEO dyads and firm innovation. The results from a sample of US firms led by co-CEOs in the 2000 2016 period indicate an inverted U-shaped relationship, such that: 1) power differences between co-CEOs are positively related to firm innovation when power differences are below a high level; and 2) this positive relationship becomes negative as power differences become very large. This study improves upon Krause, Priem, and Love’s (2015) analysis by arguing that social psychological factors affect collaboration between co-CEOs and advances innovation literature by illustrating that the conditions under which a co-leadership structure promotes innovation are non-linear. These results suggest important implications for scholars and practitioners who are dealing with the strategic framing of the top executive team and aim at pursuing corporate results in terms of innovation.