Union Of South Africa Research Articles

CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS ON SOME PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PRONETHALOL, A BETA-RECEPTOR BLOCKER

Departments of Anaesthesia and Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical School, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Union of South Africa

The Commonwealth and the Concept of Domestic Jurisdiction

The tendency to hold the United States entirely responsible for the domestic jurisdiction reservation has diverted attention from the role of the Commonwealth members in the definition of that clause. Commonwealth members were concerned with it at the Paris Peace Conference and the San Francisco Conference and, as members of both world organizations established at those conferences, have taken a lead in applying the reservations drafted on both occasions. At San Francisco it was the Australian, Herbert V. Evatt, as well as John Foster Dulles, who proposed broadening the effect of the domestic jurisdiction reservation in Article 2, paragraph 7, of the Charter of the United Nations. It was again Evatt who headed the sub-committee of the Security Council to determine international competence to deal with the Franco regime in Spain and who managed the reversal of the limitation for which he had fought at San Francisco. It was in a dispute between India and the Union of South Africa that the General Assembly elaborated on the beginning made by Evatt in developing the concept of “international concern.” In the World Court the Commonwealth countries have been parties to leading cases involving domestic jurisdiction and, perhaps partly through their capable legal arguments, have succeeded in having their views incorporated into Court opinions and decisions. The Permanent Court of International Justice, for example, adopted much of the British argument in its Advisory Opinion in the Tunis-Morocco Nationality Decrees case.

The Grant of Responsible Government to the Transvaal: More Notes on a Myth

THE article by Dr Ronald Hyam, 'Smuts and the Decision of the Liberal Government to Grant Responsible Government to the Transvaal', in the recent number of the Historical Journal1 proposes and amply documents the solution to a problem that has troubled historians for some years. Even with the best and most generous spirit, how could Prime Minister Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, within weeks of taking office, have accepted the arguments of an acknowledged dangerous enemy of his nation, the Boer Jan Christian Smuts, and persuaded his Cabinet colleagues to reverse their own considered policy and grant self-government to the citizens of the Transvaal? In fact was the grant of responsible government that, as Smuts put it, 'settled the future of Africa', entirely the work of one man? Dr Hyam suggests that it was no such thing. Smuts, he feels, overestimated his own influence on the prime minister. Throughout his life Smuts assumed that the series of events that culminated in I909 in the formation of the Union of South Africa had been set in train by his interview with the Liberal leader a few days before the Cabinet meeting of 8 February I906, which made the final decision for responsible government. Dr Hyam shows that the Liberals had been committed for many months to a policy leading to some form of responsible government. For some time members of the administration had been at work on modifications of the representative constitution issued under letters patent by the Unionist Colonial Secretary Alfred Lyttleton on 3I March I905. Campbell-Bannerman's contribution, he feels, was at most to compel a decision to discard the so-called 'Lyttleton Constitution' and to prepare instead a new document. The story that C.B. converted his Cabinet colleagues from some other more harsh policy he dismisses as a 'myth'. The question under consideration in this brief note is simply the origin of this myth. There is among the Spender Papers a letter from H. H. Asquith to his friend, the journalist J. A. Spender, suggesting that as late as I9I2 the question of whether Campbell-Bannerman should have been personally and solely credited with the grant of self-government was by no means settled. When read together with Lloyd George's statement to Lord Riddell, which came only about nine months later, the Asquith letter suggests that for a time two almost directly conflicting stories were in circulation. Then within a few years, certainly well before the end of his life, Asquith chose no longer to press his own version of the 8 February Cabinet meeting while Lloyd George promoted assiduously the story that Campbell-Bannerman alone was responsible for self-government in South Africa. Asquith's letter to Spender, sent from Downing Street on I5 June I9I2, offers the most convincing evidence that

LAST-RESORT TREATMENT OF STATUS ASTHMATICUS

Respiratory Resuscitation Unit, Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Witwatersrand and Johannesburg Hospital, Johannesburg, Union of South Africa.

Lunar profiles determined from annular solar eclipses of 1962 and 1963

The present paper contains a discussion of the techniques of measurements and the result of reductions of the photographs of the annular solar eclipses observed on July 31, 1962 in Senegal, West Africa, and January 25, 1963 in the Union of South Africa, by the Lockheed-Manchester Eclipse Expeditions, with the aim of improving our knowledge of the form of the Moon as seen in projection against the disc of the Sun. The lunar profile deducted from the 1962 eclipse plates was found to be insufficiently well defined due to the effects of irradiation. The 1963 eclipse plates were, however, largely free this this defect, and their analysis led to satisfactory results. The outcome of the reductions revealed that the deviations of the lunar profile from a circle were of the form +0″.54 sin 2 β − 0″.16 cos 2 β + 0″.27 sin 3 β − 0″.05 cos 3 β − 0″.16 sin 4 β + 0″.11 cos 4 β, where β denotes the lunar position angle measured from the eastern part of the equator in the counterclockwise direction. These deviations were compared with the preceding lunar limb determination, and found to be in satisfactory agreement; in particular, they agree within the limits of observational errors with the profiles obtained by Potter and Watts. The elliptical component of the profile is found to have its major axis inclined by approximately 37° to the lunar axis of rotation—a value which is almost identical with that given by Watts.

Mesotheliomatous tumors in South Africa: pathology and experimental pathology.

Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesVolume 132, Issue 1 p. 623-646 Free Access MESOTHELIOMATOUS TUMORS IN SOUTH AFRICA: PATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY Ian Webster, Ian Webster Pneumoconiosis Research Unit, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Asbestosis Research Project, Johannesburg, South Africa*Search for more papers by this author Ian Webster, Ian Webster Pneumoconiosis Research Unit, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Asbestosis Research Project, Johannesburg, South Africa*Search for more papers by this author First published: December 1965 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1965.tb41142.xCitations: 19 Sponsored by the State Department of Mines and the Asbestos Mining Industry of South Africa. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 Wagner, J. C. 1960. Some pathological aspects of asbestosis in the Union of South Africa. In Proceedings of the Pneumoconiosis Conference. Johannesburg, 1959. A. J. Orenstein, Ed. J. & A. Churchill, Ltd. London , England . 2 Wagner, J. C., C. A. Sleggs & Paul Marchand. 1960. Diffuse pleural mesothelioma and asbestos exposure in the North Western Cape Province. Brit. J. Ind. Med. 17: 260. 3 Wagner, J. C. 1962. The Pathology of Asbestosis in South Africa. Thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand. Republic of South Africa . 4 Stout, A. P. & M. R. Murray. 1942. Localized pleural mesothelionia: investigation of its characteristics and histogenesis by method of tissue culture. Arch. Path. 34: 951. 5 Clagett, O. T., J. R. McDonald & H. W. Schmidt. 1952. Localized fibrous mesothelioma of the pleura. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 24: 213. 6 Price-Thomas, C. & C. E. Drew. 1953. Fibroma of the visceral pleura. Thorax 8: 180. 7 McCaughey, W. T. E. 1958. Primary tumours of the pleura. J. Path. Bacteriol. 76: 517. 8 Winslow, D. J. & H. B. Taylor. 1960. Malignant peritoneal mesotheliomas. Cancer 13: 127. 9 Meyer, K. & E. Chaffee. 1939. Hyaluronic acid in pleural fluid associated with malignant tumor involving pleura and peritoneum. Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 42: 797. 10 Wagner, J. C., D. E. Munday & J. S. Harington. 1962. Histochemical demonstration of hyaluronic acid in pleural mesotheliomas. J. Path. Bact. 84: 73. 11 Harington, J. S., J. C. Wagner & Marianne Smith. 1963. The detection of hyaluronic acid in pleural fluids of cases with diffuse pleural mesotheliomas. Brit. J. Exp. Path. 44: 81. 12 Sleggs, C. A. Personal communication. 13 Republic of South Africa. 1962. Pneumoconiosis Compensation Act, No. 64. 14 Marchand, Paul. Personal communication. 15 Oettlé, A. G. 1965. Cancer in Africa, especially in regions south of the Sahara. J. Nat. Cancer. Inst. (in press). 16 Thomson, J. G., O. C. Kaschula & R. R. MacDonald. 1963. Asbestos as a modern urban hazard. South African Med. J. 37: 77. 17 Chatgidakis, C. B. & I. Webster. To be published. 18 Oettlé, A. G. Personal communication. 19 Webster, I. 1963. Asbestosis in non-experimental animals in South Africa. Nature 197: 506. Citing Literature Volume132, Issue1Biological Effects of AsbestosDecember 1965Pages 623-646 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Southeast Asian Relations with Africa

Research Article| July 01 1965 Southeast Asian Relations with Africa Fred R. von der Mehden Fred R. von der Mehden Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1936) 5 (7): 341–349. https://doi.org/10.2307/2642293 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Fred R. von der Mehden; Southeast Asian Relations with Africa. Far Eastern Survey 25 March 1936; 5 (7): 341–349. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2642293 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Japanese-African Relations: Problems and Prospects

Research Article| July 01 1965 Japanese-African Relations: Problems and Prospects James R. Soukup James R. Soukup Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1936) 5 (7): 333–340. https://doi.org/10.2307/2642292 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation James R. Soukup; Japanese-African Relations: Problems and Prospects. Far Eastern Survey 25 March 1936; 5 (7): 333–340. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2642292 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

South African Reference Books of 1964

This is the second in a series of annual surveys of South African reference literature and follows the general pattern of the first review. Works published in 1963 which reached the compiler too late for inclusion in the earlier review are included in the present survey. General Works. Among the generalia issued during the year was a second edition of E. Rosenthal's Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa (London, Warne; R4-45 ). The South African Library Association issued a Directory of Natal Libraries (Potchefstroom, The Association; 35c), one of a regional series, which will probably be superseded by a comprehensive “Directory of South African Libraries,” scheduled for publication by the State Library in 1965. The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research published letters H and I of Periodicals in South African Libraries (Pretoria, The Council; R1O p. a.), which is a union list of serials held in South Africa. Yearbooks. A very important reference work which appeared for the first time in 1964 was the Statistical Yearbook, compiled by the Bureau of Statistics (Pretoria, Government Printer; R4-15 overseas). The yearbook for 1964 contains 606 pages of statistical tables covering the period 1945-1963 and embracing the following subjects: population, migration, vital statistics, health, education, social security, judicial statistics, labor, prices, agriculture, fisheries, industry, trade, transport, communication, banking and finance. The last issue of the Official Yearbook of the Union of South Africa was No. 30 (1960), and later editions are still awaited. The Statistical Yearbook fills a gap in this connection.

2000 Casualties: A History of the Trade Unions and the Labour Movement in the Union of South Africa

2000 Casualties: A History of the Trade Unions and the Labour Movement in the Union of South Africa

A DRAWOVER ANAESTHETIC SYSTEM. USE OF THE VENTURI PRINCIPLE TO ASSIST ITS INSPIRATORY PHASE

Johannesburg Hospital and Department of Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Union of South Africa

The Biology of Tsetse Flies in Relation to Control Methods

Tsetse flies are generally classed as insects of medical and veterinary importance, but qualify for consideration by this group by virtue of their indirect influence on agricultural development in Africa and their possible control by the application of insecticides from aircraft.Tsetse flies are confined to the African continent and a few small off-shore islands. They are widely distributed between 14°N and 29°S wherever the environment is suitable; and are absent from N. Africa, the Sahara, the Red Sea Zone and the Somalias, and the highlands of Ethiopia, and from the Union of South Africa, except Zululand.

The Transkei: International Decolonization

In Sponono, Alan Paton's recent play, a message spelled out somewhat clumsily in the last act leaves the spectator breathless. The message is addressed by the African black man to the African white man: “You are responsible for us,” it tells him; “you are, whether you like it or not, your brother's keeper. You must help and admonish us, but you must also endlessly forgive because we are bound together for better or for worse.” This may be defective logic but it is realistic psychology. Those of us in the Western world who imagined that tomorrow or next year the Union of South Africa may break up in the fire of a revolution, or change radically its raciallegal structure know little about the real situation and its extraordinary complexity.

Zumptiella citelli sp. n. (Acarina: Halarachnidae) from the Columbian Ground Squirrel, Citellus columbianus

Zumptiella citelli sp. n., a nasal mite, from the Columbian ground squirrel, Citellus columbianus, in western Montana, is described and figured. Recently seven specimens of a nasal mite in the genus Zumptiella Fain, 1962 were recovered from four Columbian ground squirrels (Citellus columbianus). Six of the specimens, all adult females, were obtained from a pan of water placed underneath recently shot squirrels; the seventh was found at necropsy in the anterior nasal chambers of a squirrel. Furman (1954) described Pneumonyssus bakeri from Tamiasciurus douglasii mollipilosus and observed that P. bakeri might well represent a genus distinct from Pneumonyssus because of its definite though moderately reduced genital plate. This possibility was again recognized by Fain (1962a) after examining a new halarachnid from the nasal passages of an African rodent. At this time Fain erected the genus Zumptiella Fain, 1962 to contain certain halarachnids parasitic in the nasal passages of mammals. The generic characters were the presence of a relatively well-developed genital shield and the unique structure of the gnathosoma. This genus then included Zumptiella furmani Fain, 1962, the type of the genus, and Zumptiella bakeri (Furman, 1954), both from rodents. Later Fain (1962b) split the family Halarachnidae into two subfamilies, Halarachninae and Zumptiellinae on the basis of differences in gnathosomal structure, genital plates, and peritremes. In this scheme the characters of the Zumptiellinae were: in the female, the chelicerae are abnormally large, lying on the Received for publication 20 September 1963. ventral jaw of the palpi; the hypostome is very short; the epigynial shield is relatively well developed; the peritreme is absent. These are good generic characters. In this paper Fain described also Zumptiella cynictis from the nasal fossae of Cynictis penicillata, a viverrid from the Transvaal, Union of South Africa. The genus Zumptiella presently contains two species from rodents and one from a carnivore, all presumably parasites in the nasal cavities. The addition of the following species from a rodent will enlarge the genus to two rodent parasites from the United States and one rodent and one carnivore parasite from

Antarctic Research

In 1965, the National Science Foundation will again provide opportunities for US scientists to participate in the Antarctic expeditions of foreign countries as exchange scientists from the US Antarctic Research Program. Other nations with active Antarctic scientific programs include Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, New Zealand, the Union of South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the USSR.

Applied Anthropology and Sociology in Tropical Africa

This paper reports the results of an inquiry into the current uses of anthropology and sociology in tropical Africa (south of the Sahara, north of the Union of South Africa). It focuses on two aspects of the application of these sciences: 1) the types of applied projects on which anthropologists and sociologists are now working, and 2) the use by administrative officers, technical advisors, and extension workers of a social-scientific orientation toward social processes, culture, and values.

Atlas of the Union of South Africa

Atlas of the Union of South Africa

SOCIOCULTURAL FACTORS IN THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ZULU HYPERTENSION.

Interviews were conducted with 548 rural and 505 urban Zulu people in the Union of South Africa during 1958 and 1959; these indicated that the prevalence of high blood pressure was significantly higher among urban people than among rural people. This paper examines the relationship of selected variables to the degree of high blood pressure within the 2 communities. In the rural community: 1) increasing age 2) sex 3) obesity 4) menopause 5) marital status and 6) infrequent church attendance were found to be significantly associated with hypertension. Statistically significant relations were found between hypertension and age sex obesity marital status practice of sorcery church membership family type income length of residence and clinical attendance in the urban community. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between variables observed to be stressful hypertension. Another finding was that in the city women with many children had a higher prevalence of hypertension than those with few children.

Observations on the Mites Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead) and Aculus pelekassi Keifer under Laboratory Conditions

The citrus rust mite (Phyllocoptruta oleivora [Ashmead]), was first described by Ashmead in the Florida Agriculturist in September, 1879. For over 50 years it was the only species of Eriophyid mite reported from citrus. In 1937 the citrus bud mite (Aceria sheldoni [Ewing]) was described from California. This species has recently been found in Florida (Attiah, 1959). Several new species of Eriophyid mites have been collected from citrus during the past few years. These include Calacarus citrifolii Keifer from Union of South Africa (Keifer 1955) ; Aculus pelekassi Keifer from Greece (Keifer 1959a), Thailand (Keifer 1959b), Japan, Italy, and Sicily (Keifer 1962); Floracarus fleschneri Keifer from India (Keifer 1959b); and Diptilomiopus assamica Keifer from India (Keifer 1959b). One of these A. pelekassi, has been found in Florida during the past few months (Denmark, in press). This mite has a distinct pink color in Florida, although Keifer's description reports it as being light yellow in Greece (Keifer, 1959a). Differences in color of citrus rust mites have been observed frequently. Speare and Yothers (1924) noted that adult citrus rust mites may change color from lemon yellow to a darker or orange yellow and reported that these offcolor mites frequently were diseased. They further reported that these mites would congregate in large numbers on the sunny side of fruit where they were observed in a writhing, wriggling mass. The mites died soon afterwards and turned brownish in color. They attributed this mortality and change in color to a fungus disease. Re-examination of slides of diseased mites made by Mason in 1922 showed that the mites had a fungus disease now known as Hirsutella thompsonii Fisher. This disease of citrus rust mites was described by Fisher (1950). Swirski (1958) reported offcolor citrus rust mites in Israel and that they were pale yellow but turned light brown, and then brown, as they become older. His data showed that this color change was normal and must be differentiated from a change in color as a result of disease. Swirski stated that occasionally young adults and even larvae, turn brown, but this generally occurs when there is a disease evidently caused by fungi. A laboratory colony of citrus rust mites was established on Murcott honey orange seedlings early in 1961. The mites were kept in a ventilated greenhouse until May, 1961, and, subsequently, in air-conditioned greenhouses at 75-850 F. Additional mites were added to the colony in June, 1961. The mites in this colony came from a calamondin and a variegated lemon tree at the Horticulture Field Station in Orlando. During the summer and fall of 1961 numerous offcolor mites were observed in the colony of citrus rust mites. Offcolor citrus rust mites found during August were examined and found to have the fungus disease, H. thompsonii. Additional offcolor mites found in the colony and during

Chromosome Numbers and Meiosis in Some Cynodon Species and Hybrids1

Crop ScienceVolume 3, Issue 1 cropsci1963.0011183X000300010023x p. 75-79 Article Chromosome Numbers and Meiosis in Some Cynodon Species and Hybrids1 Ian Forbes Jr., Ian Forbes Jr.Search for more papers by this authorGlenn W. Burton, Glenn W. Burton Research Agronomist and Geneticist, respectively, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA, Tifton, Georgia. The authors are indebted to the following for assistance in assembling the plants in this study: A. V. Bogdan, Senior Pasture Research Officer, Grassland Research Station, Kitale, Kenya; D. D. Meredith, formerly with African Explosives and Chemical Industrial Limited, Johannesburg, Union of South Africa: J. L. Stephens, formerly Research Agronomist, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA; and the New Crops Research Branch, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.Search for more papers by this author Ian Forbes Jr., Ian Forbes Jr.Search for more papers by this authorGlenn W. Burton, Glenn W. Burton Research Agronomist and Geneticist, respectively, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA, Tifton, Georgia. The authors are indebted to the following for assistance in assembling the plants in this study: A. V. Bogdan, Senior Pasture Research Officer, Grassland Research Station, Kitale, Kenya; D. D. Meredith, formerly with African Explosives and Chemical Industrial Limited, Johannesburg, Union of South Africa: J. L. Stephens, formerly Research Agronomist, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA; and the New Crops Research Branch, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 January 1963 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1963.0011183X000300010023xCitations: 23 1 Cooperative investigations at Tifton, Georgia, of the Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA, and the University of Georgia, College of Agriculture Experiment Stations, Published with the approval of the Director as Journal Series Paper No. 109. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume3, Issue1January–February 1963Pages 75-79 RelatedInformation