Ulcer In Wistar Rats Research Articles

Protective effect of Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus Nees against experimentally induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats: Experimental evidence from biochemical and histological analysis

Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus Nees (Acanthaceae) is traditionally used in the North East Himalayan region to treat stomach issues, including gastritis. This study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective effect of 70% aqueous ethanol extract of Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus flowers (PTE), standardized by HPTLC and LC-MS/MS, and to establish its possible mechanisms. The gastroprotective effect of PTE, at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, was evaluated using both physical (pylorus ligation, PL; cold restraint stress, CRS) and chemical (ethanol, EtOH) ulcerogens-induced gastric ulcers in Wistar rats. Animals were randomly divided into control, ulcer control, positive control and PTE-treated groups, with PTE administered orally twice daily for 5 days. The protective effect of PTE was assessed through various gastric ulcer parameters, including gastric pH, gastric wall mucus, non-protein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) content, microvascular permeability, endogenous antioxidant markers, and gastric histopathology. HPTLC and LC-MS/MS confirmed the presence of gallic acid, naringenin, β-sitosterol and ascorbic acid in PTE. The active components of PTE showed significant dose-dependent inhibition of ulcer index, with reductions of 28.59-50.03% in PL, 27.69-53.23% in EtOH and 31.14-57.53% in CRS models (P< 0.01). Additionally, PTE at 400 mg/kg significantly increased gastric pH by 23.41%, mucus content by 33.69%, and NP-SH levels by 37.24%. PTE also demonstrated significant antioxidant potential and histopathological studies confirmed its protective effect. The study suggests that the anti-ulcer effect of PTE may be attributed to its ability to preserve adhered gastric mucus, exhibit antisecretory effects, and scavenge free radicals.

Gastroprotective mechanism of Talinum triangulare on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in Wistar rats via inflammatory, antioxidant, and H+/K+-ATPase inhibition-mediated pathways

The increase in the incidence of gastric ulcer (GU) has posed major threat on public health. This research aimed to evaluate gastroprotective properties of the aqueous leaf extract of Talium triangulare (AETT) in ethanol-induced gastric ulceration. GU was induced via oral administration of single dose of 5 mLkg−1 of 90% ethanol in rats and protection of 200 mgkg−1 bw of AETT and 20 mgkg−1 bw of omeprazole was investigated for 14 d via oral treatment. Influence of AETT on anti-inflammatory, redox assays, ulcer index (UI), and gastric mucosa histological alterations were evaluated. Significant increase in myeloperoxidase (MPO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels compared to untreated group established gastric inflammation in rats induced by ethanol. Gastric ulcerated group exhibited heightened oxidative stress with concurrent decline in activities of antioxidant enzymes. Ethanol exposure to rats resulted in induction of lipid peroxidation, prominently elevating gastric malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Nevertheless, treatment with AETT or omeprazole exhibited substantial anti-inflammatory effects within gastric mucosa by attenuating expression of markers associated with inflammation. AETT demonstrated reduction in concentrations of MDA and H2O2, thereby alleviating progression of lipid peroxidation cascades. Also, AETT exhibited mitigating effect on ethanol-induced oxidative harm by enhancing the functionality of protective enzymes and elevating glutathione (GSH) concentration. Overall, AETT exhibited enhancements in activities of cytoprotective antioxidant enzymes, mitigated impact of oxidative stress and inflammation, inhibited lipid peroxidation, and decreased UI score. These beneficial effects could be attributed to phytochemicals present in AETT including 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone and Phytol. Outcome of this study established the traditional herbal claims of AETT.

Interaction between aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves and rabeprazole in treatment of ethanol induced gastric ulcer in Wistar rats

Background: The effect of concomitant use of herbs and conventional drugs is not widely known because it hasn’t been a common practice especially among the elite and those resident at the urban centers but very common among the rural duelers for co-administered herbs/supplements and conventional drugs. This study was carried out to investigate the interaction between moringa oleifera and rabeprazole in gastric acid secretion. Methods: Twenty (20) adult Wistar albino rats of both sexes weighing 300-450 g were randomly allocated into four (4) groups of five (5) animals per group. Group 1 served as the control and was given normal saline without administration of acid alcohol. Animals in group 2 were given acid alcohol (0.25 ml 0f 36% HCl + 75% ethanol 0.25 ml/100 g body weight). Animals in group 3 were given 50 mg/100 g bw of Moringa oleifera 1 hour before acid alcohol was administered. Group 4 were given: Rabeprazole 20 mg /kg body weight + acid Alcohol (36% HCL 0.25 mls+ 75% Ethanol (0.25 mls). A 30% isoflorane (inhalational anesthesia) by API Manufacturer with FDA, UK, marketed by Macfes medical store, high level Markurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. And 3.5% isoflurane (of the mixture of isoflurane 30%) at 100% oxygen was soaked in a cotton wool and dropped in clean and covered plastic container, and was used to anesthetized the rats, for the purpose of the aqueous extracts administration through a gastric fistula created by a surgical procedure. 10 minutes after aqueous extracts administration, aliquot samples were collected over 4 hours. Gastric acid secretion was measured by titrating the aliquots to a phenolphthalein endpoint. Results: showed that Moringa Olefera significantly delayed the time of onset of action of rabeprazole when co-administered. Moringa alone was a better inhibitor of gastric acid secretion than moringa co-administered with rabeprazole. Conclusion: Moringa delays the time of onset of action of Rabeprazole when co-administered.

Evaluation of Anti Ulcer Activity of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Jacquemontia Caerulea Against Experimentally Induced Ulcers in Wistar Rats

Objective: To evaluate the anti-ulcerogenic effect of Jacquemontia caerulea Leaf Methanolic Extract (JCLME) against aspirin, ethanol, cold stress induced and pylorus ligation induced gastric ulcers in Wistar rats. Methods: The methanolic extract of fresh leaves of the plant, Jacquemontia caerulea (Family Convolvulaceae) was prepared and assessed for anti-ulcer effect with different doses and the standard drugs (Risperidone and Amitriptyline respectively) by using aspirin, ethanol, cold stress induced and pylorus ligation methods. Results: JCLME was assessed and compared statistically with the anti-ulcer effects in the control rats which was treated with saline (NaCl, 0.9%). It was found that JCLME at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg reduced the ulcer index significantly when compared to control group (p&lt; 0.05). It was found that JCLME significantly reduced the free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index (p&lt;0.05) and increased the gastric content when compared with the control group. Hence, the current study shows that the JCLME has potent anti-ulcer, cytoprotective and antisecretory property thereby making it a great ulcero-protective agent.

Prophylactic Anti-Ulcer Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Mormodica foetida (Schumach &amp; Thonn) Against Indomethacin-Induced Ulcers in Wistar Rats

Prophylactic Anti-Ulcer Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Mormodica foetida (Schumach &amp; Thonn) Against Indomethacin-Induced Ulcers in Wistar Rats

Evaluation of the Gastro-protective Potentials of Methanol Leaf Extract of Nymphaea lotus on Induced-Gastric Ulceration in Wistar Rats

Nymphaea lotus is a plant used traditionally for the treatment of many ailments including gastric ulcer without any scientific validation of its pharmacological action and safety. This study was undertaken to evaluate the possible gastro-protective potential of methanol extract of N. lotus leaves on gastric ulcers induced by different ulcerogens. Thirty rats (160-180 g) were divided into five groups: Group 1 was the normal control, group 2 was negative control, group 3 was administered 25 mg/kg Omeprazole (standard drug), groups 4, 5 and 6 were administered 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg methanol extract of N. lotus leaves, respectively. After two weeks of oral administration, gastric ulcer was induced in all the rats except group 1 using various ulcerogens such as 95% ethanol, indomethacin and hypothermic stress to access the gastro-protective potential of the extract. Phytochemical and anti-microbial analyses of the freshly prepared extract were carried out followed by histological studies of the gastric tissues. Nymphaea lotus leaves extract significantly (p&lt;0.05) prevented peptic ulcers in a dose-dependent manner. The extract at 600 mg/kg showed a protective effect comparable to that of Omeprazole. Microorganisms (Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Aspergillus niger and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) tested in this study were inhibited by the methanol extract. The above findings indicate that methanol extract of Nymphaea lotus leaves has gastro-protective activities.

Haematinic and immunomodulatory effects of leaf extract of gongronema latifolium following the onslaught of mucosa ulceration in wistar rats

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a global public health problem; a higher burden of the infection was reported in developing countries including Nigeria and Cameroun. It has been associated with several gastrointestinal diseases, and recently implicated with some haematological abnormalities. This research was carried out to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Gongronema latifolium on haematological parameters of ulcerated Wistar rats.. The experiment was carried out on thirty-six (36) healthy male Wistar rats of weight ranges from (180-200) g. The rats were divide into six (6) groups of six (6) each. Group A served as normal control, Group B (standard control), C and D was treated with100 and 200mg/kg body weight of extract of Gongronema latifolium respectively, Group E and F, was induced with ulcer and treated with 200 and 400mg/kg body weight of extract of Gongronema latifolium respectively .The extract was administered orally for 14 days. After 14 days of administration all rats were fasted for 14 hours, the rats were sacrificed and the blood was collected by cardiac puncture. Blood samples collected in to EDTA bottles were analyzed for haematological profile. The extract showed a significant increase in (p&lt;0.05) in LYM, RBC, PLT, PCV, MXD, Hb, of the ulcerated rats when compared with the normal and standard control. However, the extracts of G. latifolium showed a significant decrease in (p&gt;0.05) in WBC and HCT when compared with the normal control. This present study suggests that the extract of Gongronema latifolium following the onslaught of mucosa might fight against foreign infection possibly by phagocytosis or by generating antibodies that might enhance immune response possibly by immunomodulatory or suppressant or adjuvant action or by generating antibodies that might enhance immune response and might be a panacea to anaemic condition following mucosa ulceration.&#x0D;

Promising effect of Geranium robertianum L. leaves and Aloe vera gel powder on Aspirin®-induced gastric ulcers in Wistar rats: anxiolytic behavioural effect, antioxidant activity, and protective pathways

BackgroundMany drugs have been restricted in the treatment of gastric ulcers (GU). So, herbal medicines are now in great demand for their better cultural acceptability, compatibility, and minimal side effects. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the protective efficacy of Aloe vera gel and Geranium robertianum extracts against Aspirin®-induced GU in Wistar rats.MethodsAntioxidant activity and chemical composition of both herbs were analysed. Then, we divided forty female Wistar rats into five groups: a negative control group, a positive control group of Aspirin®-induced GU, and pretreated groups with Aloe Vera, geranium, and Famotidine (reference drug). The locomotor disability, anxiety-like behaviour, and ultrasonography were assessed. Ultimately, scarification of animals to determine gastric juice pH and ulcer index. Then the collection of stomach and liver for histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations, besides tracing the oxidative stress biomarkers and related genes.ResultsHigh content of polyphenols was revealed in both extracts. The pretreatment with Aloe vera gel and geranium showed significant antioxidant activities with free radical scavenging and ferric-reducing power (FRAP). Moreover, they improved the stomach architecture and alleviated anxiety-like behaviour and motor deficits. They significantly reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α), inflammatory, and oxidative stress genes (NF-KB, HO-1, Nrf-2) while increasing the Keap-1 in gastric mucosa.ConclusionData presented a significant protective effect of Aloe vera gel and geranium against Aspirin®-induced GU; they reduced gastric mucosal injury with potential anxiolytic effects through their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, they may be considered promising agents for preventing or treating gastric ulceration.

LC-ESI-MS phenolic contents assessment, antioxidant, and protective ability of Punica granatum root bark extract against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats: in silico H+, K+-ATPase inhibitory pathway study.

The objectives of the current study were to evaluate the Punica granatum root bark extract's (PGE) antioxidant and gastroprotective activities against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in Wistar rats and to elucidate the putative mechanism of action using in silico analysis. The PGE phytochemical study shows high levels of phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and polysaccharides. In vitro, the PGE was more effective at scavenging hydroxyl radicals than quercetin and had lower ferric reducing activity than catechin. In vivo, it was revealed that pretreatment of ethanol-ulcerated rats with PGE at oral doses of 100, 200, and 400mg/kg b.w. offered a dose-dependent shield against ethanol-induced ulcers when compared to Omeprazole (20mg/kg b.w.) by preventing the development of deep ulcer lesions, lowering gastric juice output and pH rises, boosting gastric mucus production and antioxidant enzyme levels, and attenuating malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase contents. Moreover, the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of PGE identified 5 phenolic acids and 4 flavonoids, which revealed an in silico high oral bioavailability, drug-likenesses, and good binding affinities and thus inhibitory effects on the gastric H+, K+-ATPase enzyme. PGE may have synergistic antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and H+, K+-proton pump inhibitory actions that contribute to its antiulcer efficacy.

Effect of Antioxidant Activity of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peel on Fibroblast Proliferation in the Healing Process of Oral Ulcers in Wistar Rats

The purpose of this study is to understand effect of antioxidant activity of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel on fibroblast proliferation in the healing process of oral ulcers in wistar rats. This type of research is a quasi-laboratory experiment with a randomized post test only control group design. This research will be carried out from May to June 2022, including the preparation of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extract, antioxidant activity tests, making wounds until the time for wound healing, as well as histopathological examination. The population of are wistar rats bred at Eldwin Laboratory is 300 individuals. Based on the calculation, the total sample in this study is 10 multiplied by 3 so there are 30 samples. The data obtained is not normally distributed then the statistical test is continued with kruskal-willis test to determine differences in the effectiveness of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extract in all groups. The results show that there is an effect of antioxidant activity of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extract on fibroblast proliferation in the healing process of oral ulcers in wistar rats. Keywords: Antioxidant Activity, Red Dragon Fruit, Peel, Fibroblast Proliferation

In silico molecular docking study and Protective effect of Piper attenuatum on aspirin induced gastric ulcer in rats

Steroid and painkiller abuse induced peptic ulcer disease, which causes abdominal pain, fullness, heartburn, and nausea. Medicinal plants have treated ulcers for centuries. We used Piper attenuatum ethanolic plant extracts for aspirin to induce ulcers in Wistar rats to test the leaf ethanolic extract's antiulcer properties. The control group is normal saline, the standard group is ranitidine (20 mg/kg), and the extract-treated groups are 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg ethanolic plant extracts. Ulcer Score, gastric juice volume, free and total acidity, ulcer index, ulcer protection, and pH were measured. The ulcer score was determined via rat stomach biopsies. Plant ethanolic extracts are gastroprotective. Only pH increased compared to the control group. Piper attenuatum ethanolic extract is the most gastroprotective at 200 mg/kg. Extracts were phytochemically and analytically assessed. Phytochemical screening demonstrates that plant extracts contain alkaloids, amides, glucose, proteins, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids, etc. This research suggests that phytoconstituents may have anti-ulcer potential, although structural elucidation of bioactive chemicals is needed. Molecular docking showed better binding affinity versus the 3D structure of pig gastric H+/K+ ATPase isoforms phytoconstituents Cepharadione A, Cepharadione B, Guineensine, Norcepharadione B, and Piperlonguminine. With these significant results, it may be a drug in the future.

Effect of felodipine on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats.

Felodipine is a calcium channel blocker with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Researchers have stated that oxidative stress and inflammation also play a role in the pathophysiology of gastric ulcers caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiulcer effect of felodipine on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in Wistar rats and compare it with that of famotidine. The antiulcer activities of felodipine (5 mg/kg) and famotidine were investigated biochemically and macroscopically in animals treated with felodipine (5 mg/kg) and famotidine in combination with indomethacin. The results were compared with those of the healthy control group and the group administered indomethacin alone. It was observed that felodipine suppressed the indomethacin-induced malondialdehyde increase (P<0.001); reduced the decrease in total glutathione amount (P<0.001), reduced the decrease superoxide dismutase (P<0.001), and catalase activities (P<0.001); and significantly inhibited ulcers (P<0.001) at the tested dose compared with indomethacin alone. Felodipine at a dose of 5 mg/kg reduced the indomethacin-induced decrease in cyclooxygenase-1 activity (P<0.001) but did not cause a significant reduction in the decrease in cyclooxygenase-2 activity. The antiulcer efficacy of felodipine was demonstrated in this experimental model. These data suggest that felodipine may be useful in the treatment of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastric injury.

The gastroprotective role of yellow kepok Banana (Musa x Paradisiaca L. Var. Kepok) peel extract and influence on markers of oxidative stress: Malondialdehyde and nitric oxide

Background/Aim: Flavonoids, tannins, saponins and polyphenols in yellow kepok banana (Musa x paradisiaca L. var. kepok) peel potentially could be a solution for peptic ulcer prevention. This study aimed to prove the efficacy of kepok banana peel extract as gastroprotective by analysing the number of gastric ulcers and markers of oxidative stress - malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). Methods: The study was performed on 33 female Wistar rats aged 3-4 months, weighed 100-250 g. Rats were divided into 3 groups: Musa Paradisiaca Var Kepok 1 (MPVK1) treatment group, Musa Paradisiaca Var Kepok 2 (MPVK2) and control group (K). In MPVK1 kepok banana peel extract at a dose of 80 mg / 200 g body weight (BW) was given and the MPVK2 group dose was 160 mg / 200 g BW. The gastritis induction was performed by using 5 % acetylsalicylic acid at a dose of 1500 mg/kg BW. MDA examination by HPLC method, NO examination by ELISA method and macroscopic examination by counting the number of ulcers on the gastric mucosa was performed. Results: The results showed that the lowest average MDA level, as well as the highest average NO level was in the MPVK2 group 3.27 and 286.17, respectively. The highest mean number of ulcers was in the control group 3.55. By analysing all the results it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the average levels of MDA (p = 0.013), NO (p &lt; 0.001) and the number of ulcers (p &lt; 0.001) in the three groups. Conclusion: Banana peel extract was proven to be effective as a gastroprotective through markers of MDA, NO and the number of ulcers in Wistar rats.

Gastroprotective effects of Triticum aestivum Linn., extract on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in Wistar rats

Introduction and Aim: Triticum aestivum (wheatgrass) is high in nutrient availability and antioxidant enzymes. It also functions as a detoxifier and aids in the rejuvenation of healthy cells. The current study sought to determine the gastroprotective impact of aqueous ethanolic extract of wheatgrass on the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer.&#x0D; &#x0D; Materials and Methods: Wistar rats were given an oral dosage of 100% ethanol (1 ml/200g) to cause gastric ulcers. A reference medicine called omeprazole was given orally at dosages of 20 mg/kg body weight and 200 and 400 mg/kg of wheatgrass extract, respectively. Blood samples were taken an hour after ethanol administration, and the stomachs of deceased rats were then examined biochemically, macroscopically, and microscopically.&#x0D; &#x0D; Results: The gastric ulcer index considerably decreased after taking wheatgrass extract orally, which showed a considerable attenuation of gastric ulcer. The serum level of TNF-? and the activity of the gastric MPO were both significantly enhanced by pre-treatment with wheatgrass extract. Furthermore, compared to the ethanol-induced group, wheatgrass pre-treatment dramatically boosted gastric levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, including CAT, TAC, and GSH with concurrent reductions in MDA levels. Further evidence for these conclusions came from histopathology research, which showed that wheatgrass had a healing impact on the hemorrhagic shock brought on by ethanol poisoning.&#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusion: Due to its propensity to decrease oxidative stress and gastric inflammation, wheatgrass extract may have gastroprotective effects on ethanol-induced stomach ulcers.

Therapeutic Potency of Ovothiol A on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Wistar Rats.

Peptic ulcer is a widespread disease, with a lifetime frequency of 5−10% among the general population and an annual incidence of 0.1−0.3%. Ovothiol A is naturally produced from sea urchin eggs with special antioxidant activity. Gastric ulcers were induced in rats by a single ethanol dose (5 mL/kg). The rats were divided into control, ulcer, and ulcer with 250 and 500 mg/kg ovothiol A doses. Molecular docking studies were used to examine the interactions between ovothiol A and the H+/K+ ATPase active site residues. Ovothiol A led to a significant decline (p < 0.05) in gastric juice volume, ulcer index, MDA, IL-6, and cytochrome c, while levels of gastric juice pH, GSH, CAT, GST, SOD, and NO increased. Histopathological investigation of stomach sections revealed architecture preservation of the gastric mucosa after ovothiol A administration. The anti-ulcerogenic activity of ovothiol A includes scavenging free radicals, inhibition of inflammation, regulation of apoptosis, and stabilization of fibroblast growth factors to promote gastric ulcers healing.

Freshwater Clam Extract Attenuates Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Damage In Vitro and In Vivo.

Contemporary pharmacological studies have reported that freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) can provide a broad spectrum of bioactivities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and hypocholesterolemic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gastroprotective effects of water extract of freshwater clam (WEC) on indomethacin (IND)-induced gastric mucosal cell damage in vitro and gastric ulcer in vivo. The cell viability of rat gastric mucosa RGM-1 cells was markedly decreased by 0.8 mM of IND treatment, and pre-treated with various concentration of WEC significantly restored IND-induced cell damage in a dose-dependent manner. WEC also significantly attenuated the elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 nuclear translocation induced by IND. In the in vivo study, IND caused severe gastric ulcer in Wistar rats, while WEC pretreatment effectively reduced the ulcer area and edema in the submucosa. We found that WEC significantly restored glutathione (GSH) content in gastric mucosa in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The reduction of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) caused by IND was also improved with higher doses of WEC administration. Moreover, the overexpression of COX-2, iNOS, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) proteins in gastric mucosa was downregulated by administration of WEC. Consequently, WEC can be used as a potential nutritional supplement to improve NSAIDs-caused gastric mucosal lesions.

Dose-response relationship of photobiomodulation therapy and oxidative stress markers in healing dynamics of diabetic neuropathic ulcers in Wistar rats

Purpose:Diabetic foot ulcers are reported to be the most expensive complications of diabetes, with high morbidity and mortality rates. If the necessary care is not provided for the wound to heal, the individual may end up amputating the affected feet. Photobiomodulation therapy is a promising non-pharmacological treatment option for wound healing. The objective of the present study is to establish a dose-response relationship between photobiomodulation therapy and oxidative stress markers in the healing dynamics of diabetic neuropathic ulcers in Wistar rats.Methodology:Diabetic neuropathy was induced in 126 Albino Wistar rats. An excisional wound of an area of 2cm2 was made on the neuropathy-induced leg. Photobiomodulation therapy of dosages 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 15 J/cm2 of wavelengths 655 and 808 nm was irradiated. The control group animals were kept un-irradiated. The outcome measures were assessed during wound healing’s inflammatory, proliferative and remodelling phases.Results:In the experimental group, animals treated with photobiomodulation therapy at doses of 4, 6, and 8 J/cm2 showed better wound healing dynamics. Photobiomodulation therapy modulated the reactive oxygen species and antioxidant levels, thereby improving the oxidative status of the wound.Conclusion:Photobiomodulation therapy of dosages 4, 6, and 8 J/cm2 is effective and is a promising adjuvant modality in treating diabetic neuropathic ulcers. There was a strong dose-response relationship in the experimental groups treated with 4, 6 and 8 J/ cm2.

Protective effects of Fagonia cretica L. aqueous extract on experimentally induced gastric and duodenal ulcers in wistar rats

Protective effects of Fagonia cretica L. aqueous extract on experimentally induced gastric and duodenal ulcers in wistar rats

Assessment of Gastric Acid Anti-Secretory Effects of Fraction Extracts of Piper guineense Leaf on Histamine-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Wistar Rats

Despite many etiological factors, gastric acid secretion is assumed to play a central role in the development of gastric ulcer. Blockade of gastric acid secretion therefore, seems to be the key therapeutic objective of gastric ulcer disease. Available acid-blocking/anti-secretory drugs used in the management of gastric ulcer are associated with high cost, unwanted side effects and treatment relapse. Extracts from plants can be useful and may serve as an alternative to conventional drugs in gastric ulcer management. This work was aimed at assessing the gastric acid anti-secretory effects of fractionated ethanol extract of Piper guineense leaf on histamine-induced ulcer in Wistar rats. This was conducted by administering orally, 400mg/kg of fraction extracts obtained by fractionation of ethanol-extracted residue, to fifty six adult Wistar rats randomized into eight groups (n=7) of animals followed by induction of ulcer with 40mg/kg histamine, orally. The effects of the plant extracts on histamine-induced ulcer, gastric pH and gastric volume were ascertained. From the results, all the extracts significantly (p&lt;0.05) produced ulcer inhibition, increased gastric pH and reduced gastric volume. This study concludes that extracts of Piper guineense leaf possess antiulcer effects, which may occur via histamine-2-receptor blockade and/or anti-secretory mediated activities. Keywords: Gastric acid, Fraction extracts, Histamine, Anti­secretory, Piper guineense

Cellulose-Conjugated Copper-Oxide Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Wistar Rats.

Gastric ulcer (GU) is the most common and chronic inflammatory condition mediated by multiple immune cells like neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes with multiple pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukins such as IL-8, IL-10, IL-β, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Copper (Cu) is one of the essential micronutrients mainly found in the liver and brain. It plays a major role in metabolism, enzyme conversion, free radical scavenging, trafficking agents, and many others. Due to its various roles in the biological system, it can also be used as a therapeutic agent in many diseases like colon cancer, bone fracture healing, angiogenesis, as an antibacterial, wound-healing and radiotherapeutic agents. In this study, we used thiol-functionalized cellulose-conjugated copper-oxide nanoparticles (CuI/IIO NPs) synthesized under environmentally friendly conditions. We have evaluated the effects of cellulose-conjugated CuI/IIO NPs against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in Wistar rats. The cellulose-conjugated CuI/IIO NPs were evaluated against different physical, histochemical, and inflammatory parameters. The NPs promoted mucosal healing by ameliorating ulcerative damage, restoring the histoarchitecture of gastric mucosa, and inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and other inflammatory biomarkers such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and nitric oxide (NO) levels. The current study's findings suggest that cellulose-conjugated CuI/IIO NPs exerted antiulcer effects on the preclinical rat model and have promising potential as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of gastric ulcers.