Development Of Ukrainian Society Research Articles

Business safety: adaptation of home legislation to acquis of European Union

Contradictions of the development of Ukrainian society in the post-Soviet period are manifested, firstly: in such phenomena, which are negative for conducting business, such as corruption, the “shadow” economy, the absence, at the legislative level, of a regulated mechanism of property relations, and, secondly,
 in aspirations to become a member of the European Union, with its democratic and universal values.
 When it comes to the harmonization of domestic legislation with the EU acquis, it is worth noting that the specific features of the development of a certain community, its legal awareness and legal culture are reflected in legal relations. This contradiction requires a rational understanding of the peculiarities of the historical development of Ukrainian society.
 Modern EU society is liberal. A universal feature of liberalism, a system of economic relations, is freedom, which is based on the right to own the means of production.
 During the 20th century the influence of the mechanism of economic relations on a person, as a subject of his own rights, increased. Therefore, the state policy, coordinated with international law, is designed to ensure the protection of human rights from abuses of the business environment.
 The social dimension of economic phenomena and processes is manifested through the prism of economic and legal research, thanks to which cause-and-effect relationships, effectiveness and expediency of the adoption of this or that normative-legal act are clarified. A comprehensive analysis of socio-economic processes, while preserving the essential unity of legal phenomena and economic institutions, contributes to an objective assessment of the social effectiveness of individual legal norms, the role of the law, its interaction with such spheres of social life as economy, politics, culture, etc.
 At the end of 2013, the then President of Ukraine’s refusal to sign the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU led to large-scale protests against the authorities. Subsequently, not agreeing with the independent choice of the people of Ukraine, the leadership of the Russian Federation resorted to military aggression.
 At the same time, having lost control over part of the territory and having suffered economic and demographic losses, the authorities and society of Ukraine remained consistent supporters of democratic values and European choices.

Cultural orientation of the “mimicry” society. The search for national self-identification in contemporary screen art

The purpose of this article is to study the peculiarities of the behavioral manifestation of Ukrainian screen characters in order to identify qualitative features characteristic of the Ukrainian mentality. This will allow us to determine the themes of screen works that will be relevant for the contemporary Ukrainian viewer, which will improve the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Ukrainian audiovisual art.
 The methodology. Five scientific sources were studied (one dissertation, one collective scientific work, and three scientific articles), which allowed us to analyze the relationship between the behavioral reactions of the screen character and the nature of fear that was formed in the process of adaptive transformation of society. On the example of the films “The Guide” by Oles Sanin, “The Red” by Zaza Buadze, and “The Rising Hawk” by Leonid Osyka, the main themes and conflicts that characterize Ukrainian identity were identified and formulated.
 The results of the study demonstrate certain stable psychophysical reactions displayed by the screen character in a situation of existential conflict caused by the historical development of Ukrainian society. The nature of fears, as the main instrument of the motivating impulse in the process of forming cognitive, emotional and behavioral reactions, is determined by the level of the scale of the hero’s own identity recognition.
 The scientific novelty of the study lies in the author’s attempt to consider the conflict of the Ukrainian screen hero as a value clash between the goal-setting of a free individual and a society that has undergone adaptive transformations, which is realized through the manifestation of a certain behavioral nature of screen characters.
 The practical significance of the research findings will help in the process of creating new screen works. This will increase the attention to Ukrainian cinema.

«Україні потрібні генералісти»: розмисли про роль та призначення сучасної освіти

In his exclusive interview with our magazine, the Estonian sociologist, philosopher, expert in the field of education reform, professor emeritus of the University of Tartu, Ülo Vooglide, reflects on the role and purpose of education in educating a generalist of his own ideas, and not an executor of someone else’s decisions. The researcher believes that educational institutions should focus on creating an environment in which the child’s inner potential will be revealed, nurturing his individuality, taking into account dreams and needs. A person and his talents are the main asset of the people. The scientist draws attention to the fact that the result of education is not the amount of acquired knowledge, but the ability and ability of a person to use the knowledge resource in solving practical tasks and life situations. The ability to make independent decisions, effectively solve practical situations and calculate the consequences of one’s actions, etc., is much more important than “filling the head” with ready-made information. Quality education becomes a global value and a categorical condition for competitive strategic development of society. At the same time, the creation and construction of quality education will contribute to the development of Ukrainian society, will allow education to be at the forefront of new social changes.

Self-Development as a Vector of Sustainable Development of Society: The Perspective of Ukrainian Students

The discrepancy between one's own personality and the desired self-image causes dissonance. But one can always change everything if one cares not only about one's own “EGO”, but also about the values of a sustainable future. Self-actualization, self-development, self-determination - these are potential determinants of human existence as such. The ideological identity combines the memory of the past, the value realities of the present life, and outlines the vector of respect for the life of future generations, which in turn actualizes the conceptual paradigm of the concept of sustainable development a priori. The implementation of the social component of sustainable societal development involves maintaining and enriching the mental health and psychological well-being of citizens. A powerful internal resource for this is self-development, which is a vector of self-realization, unlocking potential and increasing the resilience of the individual. The aim of the empirical study was to examine the attitudes and activity of future psychologists regarding self-development as a vector for realizing the ideas of the concept of sustainable societal development. Materials and methods: The study involved 156 Ukrainian students studying psychology. Methods of written surveys, statistical processing and qualitative analysis of diagnostic data, ranking were used. Results: It was found that self-development is an important factor in the professional development success of future psychologists, an effective motive for their learning and a significant professional priority. Most respondents clearly understand the connection between their own self-development and the sustainable development of Ukrainian society. 
 Keywords: self-development, sustainable societal development, social component of sustainable societal development, students, future psychologists, professional training

Changes of the language identity of Ukrainians at the beginning of the full-scale Russian invasion in Ukraine (based on the materials from social networks and online publications of the end of February – beginning of April 2022)

Background. The military aggression of Russia against Ukraine affected the mass consciousness and made Ukrainians to review and reconsider the common values system. The language situation in the country as well as the language identity of the population have significantly changed. As for the latter, its study is an extremely topical issue.Contribution to the research field. Previous research of the language identity concept did not cover all its aspects, both theoretical and practical. In particular, the language issue, its state and quality of the language identity in Ukraine in the war conditions require a deep and comprehensive investigation. In this study, we assume that the language self-identification processes at the beginning of the war, provoked by the shock of the full-scale invasion, are a projection of further linguistic, cultural and value-based development of Ukrainian society.Purpose. To unveil the peculiarities of the language identity in the Ukrainian realities and to characterise the dynamics of the language self-identification of Ukrainians during the first weeks of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine.Methods. The main research methods are discourse analysis and content analysis as well as description of factual material such as the texts from the social networks “Facebook”, “Telegram”, “Instagram” and online publications for the selected period which are testifying changes in the Ukrainians’ language identity. The comparative method and the context analysis methods are also used.Results. The language situation in Ukraine several years before the fullscale Russia’s invasion was unstable. There was a significant difference between the attitude to the Ukrainian language and choice of the communication language in various situations. A confrontation between Ukrainian-speaking and Russian-speaking identities existed. Study of the discourse of social networks and online publications during the first weeks of the Russian invasion in Ukraine has revealed significant changes in the language identity of Ukrainians. Since the first days of the war, the position of the Ukrainian language was strengthened because of the deliberate transition of many people (both famous and regular ones) to it. At that time, the language received а unifying, “friend or foe” marker, self-preservation and resistance to the enemy functionalities. Numerous social networks posts contained argumentation concerning the importance of the mother language, appeals to support it as well as arguments, including historical facts, explaining why one should start speaking Ukrainian language. Genocide of Ukrainians on the occupied territories made them more principled regarding the language and national culture, intensified de-Russification processes and rejection of Russian cultural products.Discussion. The study revealed the unity of the Ukrainian society around protection of the Ukrainian language and culture. The changes in the language identity found at the beginning of the war set the directions of the linguistic, cultural and value-based development of Ukrainian society, in particular regarding decolonization and de-Russification in various spheres. We see the prospects for further research in the study of the changes in the value-based attitude of Ukrainians to their language and the issue of choosing Ukrainian language in various communication situations in the conditions of the ongoing Russian-Ukrainian war using quantitative and qualitative methods.

Утвердження концепту публічного як вимога післявоєнного суспільного устрою України

The term public is an established term used in the scientific and political- administrative terminology of Western societies. It denotes a certain basic concept of social relations on which these societies are built. Such terms as public sphere, public service, public enterprises, public administration, public policy have become widely used. At the same time, in Ukraine, despite the changes that took place after 2014, until now, the dominant concept of the political and administrative sphere remains the state. The article argues for the need to establish the public as a basic concept for the development of the political and administrative system of Ukraine and the necessary conditions for its European integration. The implementation of the concept of the public is not about denying the state as such (it is and will probably remain a central political institution for a long time), it is about overcoming the totalitarian past, it is about returning to tradition and integration into the European civilizational space. It is also about setting accents and priorities, about the nature of relations between citizens and public authorities. The implementation of the concept of the public in the theory and practice of managerial activity should be continued. The experience of the development of Ukrainian society in recent years, and especially during the Russian aggression, shows that Ukrainians have no piety before the state, that they achieve the greatest success when they fight for their res publica together, regardless of status and position. This experience should become the basis for the establishment of real public governance in Ukraine.

RETROSPECTIVE PHENOMENON OF PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION AT THE CURRENT STAGE OF DEVELOPMEN

The modern era has posed radically new important problems for education and philosophical principles, the philosophy of education is considered the most effective theoretical basis for changes in the field of education which creates conditions for the most complete realization of the spiritual potential of a person. The retrospection of the phenomenon of education and its separation from philosophy, the stages of formation of its conceptual and categorical apparatus and the formation of its institutional forms are traced. The main directions of development of the philosophy of education in the world and in Ukraine are analyzed. The position of reviewing the fundamental principles of the university and university education, which consists in the transformation of the entire system of higher education and its adaptation to the realities of today, is very relevant today. Different approaches and views on the system of modern university transformation, the ambivalent nature of modern higher education and the retrospection of the phenomenon of the philosophy of education at the current stage of development are analyzed. Changes in the philosophy of the functioning of the educational system, ideological reorientations, reproduction of the humanistic nature, which contribute to the transition of higher education educational processes into sustainable innovative trends, have been clarified. The article examines the philosophy of education in the general system of university knowledge in connection with pedagogical theory and practice. Also, the methodology of changing the world's values and goals in the interests of the sustainable development of Ukrainian society and the harmonious development of the individual and the further transformation of a modern university is especially relevant in today's globalized world. Education has always been an objectively necessary condition for the formation of a personality developed in professional, spiritual and general cultural directions. Undoubtedly, any person is characterized by the ability for self-development, self-education, but his life definition, professional, civil and moral formation in different historical eras has its own characteristics, largely due to changes in the education system. In our opinion, the theoretical basis of such changes in education as a complex system of civilizational values has always been and continues to be the philosophy of education, since it lays down the mechanism of self-development and maximizes the inner spiritual potential of every person.

Analysis of the Content of Bachelors’ Training in Communications at the Universities of the USA

The relevance of the article. Today is characterized by great attention to the communicative component in all areas of society, because it is communication that plays an important role in the establishment of a new socio-cultural order and in the reproduction of its structures. Such challenges place rather high demands on both personal and professional qualities of future communication specialists. Therefore, the training of mobile, creative, competent, successful, competitive communication specialists in the conditions of socio-economic changes in Ukraine is the main task facing higher education. It is possible to ensure the proper quality of training of domestic communication specialists based on the creative use of pedagogical experience accumulated throughout the history of the development of education in Ukraine and foreign countries. Despite the large number of studies devoted to the actual issues of training specialists, the experience of innovative approaches to the provision of educational services in the USA has not yet been sufficiently studied. Meanwhile, the rapid application of innovation in the organization of the educational process, in particular in the field of training mobile, creative, competent, successful, competitive communication specialists, is a necessary condition for the development of Ukrainian society.
 The purpose of the article — study of the experience of the USA regarding the organization of professional training of bachelors in communications, research of the content and features of the curricula of leading American educational institutions that offer education at the educational level “Bachelor of Communications” with the aim of using such approaches in the practice of Ukrainian universities.
 The methodology. Analytical method, methods of description, comparison and generalization were applied for the research.
 The results. The issue of training communication specialists in the leading universities of the United States of America in the bachelor’s program was considered. Data on the popularity and demand of specialists who have completed a bachelor’s degree in communications in the USA are presented. A review of the content of bachelor’s training programs in communications at more than 20 US universities was carried out. The peculiarities of bachelor’s training in communications at the University of Miami (The University of Miami) and Florida International University (Florida International University, FIU) are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the need to study, adapt and implement the positive experience of US universities regarding the training of communication specialists in Ukrainian universities.
 The scientific novelty. This study offers an analysis of the content of bachelor’s programs of leading American educational institutions that offer studies at the educational level “Bachelor of Communications” in 2023.
 The practical significance. Research materials and conclusions can be used to adapt and implement the experience of US universities in training communication specialists in Ukrainian universities, in particular, to improve the content of educational programs.
 Conclusions. Effective development of modern communications is impossible without improving the quality of training bachelors in communications in higher educational institutions of various types and forms of ownership in Ukraine. To solve this problem, it is necessary to take into account the experience accumulated throughout the history of the development of education in Ukraine and foreign countries. Currently, the USA is one of the most popular places to get a bachelor’s degree in communications. The US universities offer a wide selection of bachelor’s programs in communications, among which the most popular are: Bachelor of Arts in Communications; Bachelor of Arts in Organizational and Strategic Communication; Bachelor of Business and Communications; Bachelor of Digital Media and Communications; Bachelor of Science in Interpersonal Communication; Bachelor of Science in Corporate Communications. The curriculum emphasizes students’ understanding of communication in a variety of contexts (interpersonal, intercultural, organizational, political, and mass communications) and prepares future professionals to be effective and well-rounded communicators. Such specialized skills will allow students to choose from a wide range of career opportunities after completing the program in a variety of industries.

Modernization of the System of Library Functions in Hybrid Threats Conditions

The aim of the article is to represent the modernization of the system of library functions as a basic concept of activity transformation in conditions of information society and evolution of all its functioning areas in the digitalization epoch.
 Research methods are determined by the goal of the article, and are based on the application of general scientific (cognitive, system analysis, generalization) and special (library science and source science search) methods, including structural and functional, institutional, social and communication approaches.
 Scientific novelty of the study consists in grounding the social and communication approach regarding the research of the library as a social and communication infrastructure, as an integral element of the system of active social communication, and nowadays, as a digital communication in the electronic environment on websites, blogs, social networks, etc.; in modernization of the system of library functions as a basic concept of its activity transformation in conditions of information society and evolution of all its functioning areas in the digitalization epoch.
 Main conclusions. Under the influence of such determining factors as digitalization, globalization and the Russian-Ukrainian war, the transformation of the system of library functions is determined by the socio-political and socio-economic level of development of Ukrainian society. It was the digital era that in conditions of constantly growing information arrays and documentation sources allowed libraries not to lose their position as key institutions in the information and communication structure of society, but to open new opportunities for the national revival of culture, education and science as the basis of the state economic development.
 During the dynamic growth of document creation and document exchange, libraries of Ukraine effectively enrich traditional functions subsystem with new content (educational, general cultural, informational, compensatory, communication, memorial, organizational, educational, cognitive, relaxation, social, value orientation), and successfully realize innovative functions subsystem (educational and advocacy, ensuring free access to the world information space, guidance and counseling, overcoming digital inequality, forming a sustainable interest in reading, collecting documentary evidence of crimes committed by the Russian Federation in relation to objects of cultural heritage of Ukraine), which proves the optimal adaptation of the functioning of Ukrainian librarianship in hybrid threats conditions.

ФОРМАЛЬНА ТА НЕФОРМАЛЬНА МЕДІАОСВІТА В УКРАЇНІ: ПРОБЛЕМИ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

The article examines the current state of development of formal and non-formal media education in the Ukrainian educational space. A comprehensive analysis of the formal and informal aspects of the media education paradigm is carried out, and the key areas of their development are identified. The formal and non-formal aspects of media education are systematized, taking into account its impact on the development of media literacy and critical thinking of participants in the educational process. The media education experience and best practices of media education activities in formal and nonformal education in Ukraine are highlighted. It is determined that the media is one of the factors in the practical implementation of the theory of dialogue of cultures, and therefore acts as an important social institution of the modern information society. The current state of media literacy of teachers in Ukraine in the framework of formal and non-formal education is analyzed, and it is noted that the problem of media education requires scientific substantiation and the search for ways to modernize the system of professional development of scientific and pedagogical workers. The predominance of non-formal media education is obvious, but the availability and differentiation of media education programs provides teachers with a significant amount of opportunities for the development of personal and professional media culture. A modern teacher should become a generator of media literacy skills for participants in the educational process. Therefore, the value of teachers' media competence is gaining new importance for ensuring continuous education and sustainable development of Ukrainian society.

Design of health protection technology in the process of beginning physical culture for young students

In the past decades the world science has included the problem of health in its wide interpretation in the circle of global problems, the resolution of which predetermines not only the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the prospective development of mankind, but also the fact of its further existence as a biological species itself. Nation’s health is regarded as an indicator of the state’s civility reflecting the social and economic condition of the society. According to UNO resolution No. 38/54 of 1997 the population’s health is considered to be the main criterion of the expediency and efficiency of all the spheres of the economic activity without exception. Moreover, the experts believe that about 75% of adults’ diseases result from the living conditions they had in their childhood and youth.
 The problem of healthconservation and its purposeful formation in children andyouthhas an exclusive importance and topicalityin the modern conditions of the Ukrainian society development as it is directly connected with the problem of the state existence. In the World Health Declaration (May 1998) the stress is laid upon the fact that the level of state social policy efficiency can be determined by the level of its influence upon the health of the population as a sufficient level of health establishes a solid foundation of a sustainable economic growth.
 Analysis of the results of own and medical and social research in recent years shows a significant deterioration in the quality of the student youth. And this trend is sustainable. The issue of the health of children and young people should become a priority not only for medical employees who do not have objective opportunities to fully solve it, but also teachers. It is the latter that are called to form schoolchildren have a conscious attitude to their own health and a healthy lifestyle (HSL) and carry out propaedeutic work in the specified direction.
 The main function of out-of-school and out-of-class activity is creation of the most favorable conditions for forming the habit of systematic physical trainings. Classes are only the beginning of all complicated system of this process, which means training during the school day, out-of-class and out-of-school physical and health activity, self-dependent work.
 Increasing of effectiveness of the system of physical education at school depends on the correct organization of all the measures. They must be coordinated while planning with the essence of physical culture classes, promote learning of educational material that is predicted with the program. So, all the forms of physical education are united with the common tasks. For optimal solving of all the problems of physical education it is worth practicing different forms of activities by introducing physical-health measures while daily routine, wide pupils’ attraction to training in sport sections and workshops, popularizing of additional and optional classes.

Ethno-Cultural Development of Ukrainian Society under the Conditions of the Undeclared Russian-Ukrainian Hybrid War

Ethno-Cultural Development of Ukrainian Society under the Conditions of the Undeclared Russian-Ukrainian Hybrid War

Social responsibility of the state as an anti-crisis component of public administration

The article examines the multifactorial issue of social responsibility, investigates the phenomenon of social responsibility of the state, and determines the role and place of social responsibility in overco ming crisis situations. It is established that in a broad sense, the social responsibility of the state is a system of effective management of the territory, including economic, political, social, security, cultural and environmental measures, in order to increase and maintain the standard of living of the population, which would satisfy the majority of citizens. At the same time, it should be about ensuring sustainable development and prospects for further improvement. It was determined that social responsibility is defined by a dynamic value system, which is characteristic of individuals, social communities and society in general, state and local authorities and their representatives. The emergence of social responsibility is directly related to social values that determine the activity and behavior of all participants in social processes. Based on this, it can be stated that the social responsibility of the state is realized as a manifestation of the will of each individual.
 It has been proven that in modern conditions, the key factor for overcoming crisis situations and ensuring the effective development of the state is a stable and society-oriented government, which in its activity covers both the needs of citizens and advanced management practices. In the conditions of a difficult economic, political, social and demographic situation in Ukraine, the social responsibility of the state should become one of the components of a unifying national idea that will help overcome the systemic crisis that affects all spheres of social life. It began to play an especially important role during a full-scale war, when the issue of the survival of the state depends on interaction and mutual trust between the authorities and citizens. It has been proven that for modern Ukraine the focus of actions of public authorities, private and public sector on protection of state interests and support of the economy should become characteristic. A similar vector of development of Ukrainian society contributes to complex development, when the process of formation of common values is accompanied by support from all participants in power-social relations.

The Genesis of Legal Consolidation and Provision of Access to the Information in Ukraine

The article examines the question of the formation and evolution of the development of the right to access to information in Ukraine. The study of transformations and modern trends in the field of access to information is important for understanding the essence and directions of development of this right, which is particularly significant in the realities of the modern information society.The author notes that the problem of access to information in Ukraine has ancient historical origins and is organically connected with the understanding of the phenomenon of information in general and its role in the civilizational development of Ukrainian society. That is why the purpose of the article is to study the genesis of legal consolidation and provision of access to information in Ukraine.The optimal methodological basis for research is a complex of philosophical and worldview approaches to the study of the genesis of legal consolidation and provision of access to information in Ukraine, general scientific and specifically legal methods. Methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, historical-legal, terminological, hermeneutic-legal and comparative-legal methods were used.The article traces the history of legal consolidation and provision of access to information in Ukraine. The main periods of the development of the right to information are clarified, in each of which the peculiarities of approaches to understanding the meaning of information and ensuring access to it are investigated. Emphasis is placed on the issue of access to information in the context of freedom of speech, thought and press, as well as censorship as a way of controlling and limiting freedom of information in Ukraine.The author concluded that the modern state is not perceived in meaningful isolation from human rights, one of the most important of which is the right to information and access to it. This right has a long history, inseparable from the history of the institution of human rights and freedoms. Under the influence of different historical stages of society, the understanding of the right to access to information had its own characteristics. The leading trend in the development of access to information was the constant attraction to expansion, legal protection and guarantee, which is conceptually embodied in the norms of modern domestic legislation.

The Composer's Interpretation of yhe State Anthem of Ukraine in the Works of Ukrainian Composers

The article explores various aspects of The anthem of Ukraine as an expression of the national pride and unity, unveiling its role in shaping the national consciousness, the dedication to the national heritage, and Ukrainian mentality.
 By analyzing the state anthem as a national symbol, the article examines its significance and role in Ukrainian identity. The anthem is defined as a musical composition that commemorates socially significant events and becomes the country's brand and national symbol.
 The article pays particular attention to the contemporary use of the anthem in Ukrainian society. It notes that the anthem's sound has become emotionally significant for citizens and is an everyday element of their patriotism. This symbol serves as an expression of national unity and contributes to the preservation and strengthening of national self-awareness.
 The author also analyzes various interpretations of the anthem in the works of Ukrainian artists. Specifically, the influence of the vocal piece "Shche ne vmerla Ukraina" on the creation of Ukraine's national anthem and its translational aspects are examined. The primary focus is on the investigation of the Yuri Shevchenko's work "My Ye!" The article delves into Shevchenko's version of the anthem created as a paraphrase, altering its genre and lexical intonational component. The analysis assesses the level of the individual authorial contribution and the composer's interpretation in the musical text. It establishes the main features of the paraphrase genre and sheds light on the content of the original source "My Ye!" in the context of its historical creation and acquisition of significance as a state symbol.
 Considering the importance of musical translation, the article emphasizes its creative nature by analyzing the typological peculiarities of the original and its embodiment in the new versions. It highlights that the translation takes into account intonational, genre, and stylistic changes, enriching the imagery and thematic content.
 In the conclusion, the article underscores the significance of the national anthem as a symbol of national unity and patriotic sentiments, laying the foundation for the national self-identification and the development of Ukrainian society.

Ethno-Cultural Development of Ukrainian Society at the Beginning of the XXI Century: Revenge of Pro-russian Forces in Ukraine

Ethno-Cultural Development of Ukrainian Society at the Beginning of the XXI Century: Revenge of Pro-russian Forces in Ukraine

Historical education in schools of Volyn region (the second part of 40s – the beginning of 50s of the 20th century)

Today, school education in Ukraine is under major transformations designed to bring it to a qualitatively new level in order to ensure the sustainable development of Ukrainian society. Soviet state, Ukraine was a part of which for a long time, put school education under its full control, making it a kind of «factory» for the production of a «Soviet person». Among all the subjects taught in Soviet schools, the study of history, especially the history of the Motherland, was of the utmost importance for the formation of a communist worldview and loyalty to the state, its leader and party.The research is devoted to the interesting and understudied problem of studying history in schools of Volyn region in 1944 – 1953. The aim of the study is to characterize the issue of studying history in schools of Volyn region in the post-war period.The article emphasizes the peculiarities of the period under study for Volyn region, which are related to both: the reconstruction processes after the Second World War and the second wave of «Sovietisation» process. The full state control over all spheres of social and political life in the region also affected the situation of education.The author points out the difficulties that arose in teaching history during the period under study. First of all, it is the lack of curricula, textbooks, visual aids (historical maps, tables, and diagrams), the lack of the necessary number of qualified teachers, etc.History remained one of the most important subjects in Ukrainian schools during the first post-war decade. The example of Volyn region shows the difficulties that the authorities had to overcome in order to establish the educational process and the teaching of history in particular. The value of the subject was determined by the heavy ideological load. It were teachers of history who were supposed to demonstrate to students the advantages of a socialist state over capitalist states, spread the works of Marxism-Leninism, and form a communist worldview among young people. Teachers in the totalitarian Soviet state were forced to follow the party narrative, while being unable to convey the historical truth to students.

A democratic trend in the development of the public administrative sphere in Ukraine in the post-war period

Problem setting. Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine sows death and destruction; threatens all spheres of socio-economic development of society. It also aims to destroy civilizational achievements in education, science, and culture, as well as to ruin the democratic foundations of Ukrainian society. Threats of curtailment of democratic reforms and restrictions on social transparency may also be due to internal reasons, such as the introduction of norms of the legal regime of martial law and its formal interpretation. Taking into account the above-mentioned present peculiarities, an attempt to systematically analyze the democratic trend in the development of the public administrative sphere in Ukraine and substantiate the means of its uncontested implementation in the post-war period becomes a requirement of time. Paper main body This paper determines the main achievements of the democratic development of Ukrainian society as a change in the essential features of the public administrative sphere, as well as its individual most obvious manifestations. The paper considers the content of threats posed by the aggressive war of the Russian Federation and the need to develop the public administrative sphere in Ukraine on a democratic basis in the post-war period. Democratic development is defined as a trend – a vector of changes, the achievement of which is not uncontested and which opposes the totalitarian regime. The main differences between democratic and totalitarian societies, which are classified according to four spheres and sixteen criteria correspondingly, are revealed. The characteristics provided not only demonstrate the opposite of totalitarianism and democracy but also define a system of tasks to be implemented to ensure further progressive development. It is substantiated that the efficient factor in transforming the democratic trend of development into a specific reality lies in the joint activity of social actors, the synergistic effect of which depends on the adherence to the single paradigm of modernization of the public administrative sphere. The paradigmatic unity of the activity is revealed as the realization of a conceptually conscious model of development, from a defined strategy to the specific tactical steps and technical means of their practical implementation. Conclusions and suggestions. The scientific substantiation proves that the democratic development of Ukrainian society in present conditions should be viewed as a trend not realized with absolute necessity. Its practical application in the public administrative sphere can be guaranteed by mutually coordinated activities of main social actors who consciously implement requirements of the democratic paradigm. Accordingly, proposals for the compliance of these requirements in specific directions are outlined.

Theoretical aspects of self-control training in younger teenagers in the process of practicing martial arts

The article examines the content of self-control training in younger teenagers in the process of practicing martial arts. It is emphasized that in the conditions of the development of Ukrainian society and the reformation of the educational environment, the problem of educating the self-control of student youth through the means of physical culture and sports is insufficiently developed and requires the careful attention of scientists. Psychological-pedagogical studies devoted to aspects of solving the problems of education of moral and volitional qualities of student youth in the process of physical education and martial arts are highlighted. It has been revealed what knowledge and skills we try to form in younger teenagers during the education of self-control in the process of practicing martial arts. The content of the four stages of the experimental research is described (the first stage is the deepening of knowledge in younger teenagers about self-control as a necessary moral and volitional quality during martial arts training and in the educational process as a whole; the second stage is the formation of the desire to engage in physical culture and martial arts, to be communicative, self-organized, observe discipline, be interested in the sports history of Ukraine, school traditions); the third stage is to form in younger teenagers the ability to make meaningful, volitional decisions; the desire to show self-control (act of will) during martial arts classes; be responsible for the assignments of teachers and trainers). It has been found that the moral and volitional qualities of self- control, endurance, self-confidence and others) are fundamental in the formation of the personality of a younger teenager, and their features of manifestation are: balance between external and internal factors to curb the excess of emotions and impulses; responsibility, a sense of duty, the ability to manage one's actions and deeds, internal organization, the ability to consciously subordinate one's actions to generally accepted rules and norms, and others. It is noted that the conducted research on self-control training in younger teenagers in the process of practicing martial arts does not cover all aspects of the problem. It is promising to study: pedagogical conditions for the education of self-control among students; peculiarities of education of self-control of younger teenagers by means of other types of sports and mass activities.

Peculiarities of the functioning of the financial monitoring system in Ukraine

The paper examines the peculiarities of the functioning of the financial monitoring system in Ukraine. It is substantiated that in the conditions of the relentless development of Ukrainian society in accordance with world trends, the need to study the peculiarities of financial monitoring and conducting its operations in conditions of digitalization is an urgent issue, therefore the topic of the paper is quite relevant in today's conditions The purpose of the paper is to assess the specifics of financial monitoring in Ukraine and to substantiate proposals for its improvement in the context of active digitalization. It was noted that the central authority appointed to act in the specified area and perform the functions of the financial intelligence unit is the State Financial Monitoring Service of Ukraine. An analysis of the activity of the State Financial Monitoring Service of Ukraine was carried out in terms of operations carried out by it in recent years. The information system that ensures the work of the State Financial Monitoring Service in conditions of digitalization is presented. It is substantiated that at the current stage of development of Ukrainian society there are many problems and abuses in the field of financial monitoring. As a conclusion, proposals regarding the implementation of directions that will contribute to the activation of the implementation of digitalization in the field of financial monitoring in Ukraine are argued. In order to eliminate or minimize the problems that exist today in the field of financial monitoring, the paper proposes to implement the following directions: implement full-fledged transformational changes in monitoring processes in the state; create a favorable environment for the development of e-business; to form an infrastructure capable of ensuring an appropriate level of cyber security, development of cloud technologies and mobile Internet, quality service of subjects of primary financial monitoring; to form a data transmission system regarding information about possible risks that await subjects in the field of digitalization; to provide consulting and technological support to subjects in the field of using protected information and communication systems.