Ukrainian Population Research Articles

The causes of Ukrainian Famine Mortality, 1932-33

Abstract We construct a novel panel dataset for interwar Soviet Union to study the causes of Ukrainian famine mortality (Holodomor) during 1932-33 and document several facts: i) Ukraine produced enough food in 1932 to avoid famine in Ukraine; ii) 1933 mortality in the Soviet Union was increasing in the pre-famine ethnic Ukrainian population share and iii) was unrelated to food productivity across regions; iv) this pattern exists even outside of Ukraine; v) migration restrictions exacerbated mortality; vi) actual and planned grain procurement were increasing and actual and planned grain retention (production minus procurement) were decreasing in the ethnic Ukrainian population share across regions. The results imply that anti-Ukrainian bias in Soviet policy contributed to high Ukrainian famine mortality, and that this bias systematically targeted ethnic Ukrainians across the Soviet Union.

Technology of preparation and determination of the properties of kvas from table beet for use in bakery

In connection with the deterioration of the health of the population of Ukraine, the primary task should be to enrich the usual diet with products of functional purpose and to add natural biologically active additives that contribute to the removal of radionuclides, toxins, normalization of the body's systems and increased immunity. This work is devoted to the study of the process of beet processing and its further use in the bakery and confectionery industries. The refractometric method was used to determine the content of soluble solids. The content of trace elements was determined using the atomic adsorption method. When preparing kvass from table beets, additional raw materials were added: sprouted flax seeds, whey, yeast, viburnum powder, rye bread crackers. It was established that the variety of the Dutch selection Roket differs from the varieties Bordeaux 237 and Cylindra in terms of dry matter, organic acids, dyes and sugars. It is important to note that when improving kvass preparation technology, optimal fermentation conditions and dosing of additives are taken into account in order to maximize the shelf life of the product without losing its quality. In view of the increase in the number of genetic and complicated diseases, it is worth noting the introduction of specialized dietary programs, which are gaining more and more relevance. Such programs have been found to ensure food security and meet all essential nutrient needs. Considered the problem of the need for constant improvement of recipes of food products, study of new gluten-free alternatives and provision of access to high-quality gluten-free products. Studies have proven that the use of natural raw materials in the production of beet kvass is an effective means of improving its quality characteristics. Therefore, a promising direction in the production of flour products is the improvement of the recipe of the existing assortment due to the use of natural plant components of increased biological value. Kvass from table beet can be a source of natural biologically active substances (BAR). Table beets have a rich chemical composition. The nutritional value of beets is additionally balanced by the content of sugars and acids (citric and oxalic), the content of organic substances, minerals and vitamins. The production of bakery products using kvass from table beet as a natural food additive is relevant today.

Ethnodemographic processes in Crimea at the beginning of the 21 century

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of ethno-demographic processes in Crimea during the first two decades of the 21st century. The work is based on statistical and cartographic research methods. The nature of ethno-demographic processes in the territory of Crimea in the period between the population censuses of 2001 and 2021, which saw a change in the political subjectivity of the peninsula, was determined by the growth in the number and share of the Russian and Crimean Tatar population. At the same time, there was a significant reduction in the size and proportion of the Ukrainian population, caused by both migration outflow and a change in ethnic identity. In addition, the study was able to identify an important spatiotemporal component of ethnodemographic processes in Crimea during this period – the increasing concentration of the main ethnic communities (Russians, Ukrainians and Crimean Tatars) in the southern part of the peninsula.

Psychological Operations During the Russian War of Aggression in Ukraine

Abstract The article analyzes the way and motivation of the Russian Federation to carry out psychological operations in the war of aggression that it has unleashed in Ukraine from the perspective of the information environment. These operations are specific to the cognitive layer of the information environment and are aimed at influencing the perceptions, behavior, and decisions of both the Ukrainian population and the international community by using disinformation, propaganda, and manipulation. By analyzing these operations, it highlights how Russia has exploited the lack of robust regulation of social networks. The analysis underlines the importance of developing effective strategies to counter these operations by increasing information resilience and strengthening protection mechanisms against harmful external influences.

FINANCIAL AND BUDGETARY PROVISION OF SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE POPULATION OF UKRAINE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE STATE OF MARTIAL

In the conditions of war, there is a need to improve the system of financial and budgetary provision of social protection and to develop an appropriate strategy, which will become the basis for reforming this system. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the system of financial and budgetary support for the social protection of the population of Ukraine in conditions of war and to justify the strategic tasks of the financial and budgetary policy of the state regarding its improvement. Applied methods: scientific generalization and abstraction, complex analysis, dialectical, sampling, economic and statistical. The research is based on the hypothesis that the level of coordination of the instruments of the state's financial and budgetary policy determines the country's ability to ensure the stability of the system of financial and budgetary provision of social protection, to minimize the risks of violation of human social security. Peculiarities of social support of Ukraine from the international community in conditions of war, the analysis of the system of financial and budgetary support for the social protection of the population of Ukraine is carried out, and the directions of the financial and budgetary policy of the state regarding the development of the system of financial and budgetary support for the social protection of the population are determined. It is substantiated that the development of institutional mechanisms for the management of state resources in the context of the financial and budgetary provision of social protection will contribute to ensuring the social security of people, the use of a combinatorial toolkit of financial and budgetary provision of social protection of Ukraine in the conditions of war should correspond to the priority of increasing the level of financing of the state's defence capability.

Оцінка забезпеченості людським капіталом на тов тк «добра хата»

An analysis of the change in the number of Ukrainians from 1990 to the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war and during the war, which negatively affected the formation of human capital of domestic enterprises, is carried out. The work examines and defines the essence of the «human capital of an enterprise» concept and defines this economic category. It has been established that human capital is an employee’s abilities that allow him to bring the most effective results in the economic activity of the enterprise (organization) in which he works. The effectiveness of using human capital at «DOBRA КHATA» TC LLC was investigated, and an assessment of human capital provision at this enterprise was provided. The structure, dynamics, and movement of the human capital of the enterprise LLC TC “DOBRA KHATA” are analyzed, and the relationship with the change in the population of Ukraine during the Russian-Ukrainian war is determined. It was established that despite the situation in the country and the lost potential, the enterprise continues to function and encourages its workers to cooperate. Yes, the enterprise uses very active methods of corporate culture, which only improve yearly. Ways to improve human capital efficiency used at«DOBRA КHATA» TC LLC have been identified. These included the guaranteed professional growth of employees who underwent training and retraining, the system of training and retraining of personnel at the expense of the state and enterprises, the creation of such an atmosphere at the enterprise that would help to interest employees in increasing labor productivity indicators, and constant assessment and analysis of the outflow of human capital and what exactly contributed to this, as well as efforts to eliminate these causes and prevent them from appearing in the future. The expediency of developing and implementing measures to increase human capital to increase labor productivity and achieve high results in enterprise development is substantiated. Keywords: human capital, enterprise, development, assessment, indicators.

Fungi-sensitized individuals have unique profiles where Alt a 1 dominates promoting response to grass, ragweed and cat allergens.

The aim of our work was to determine comprehensively the sensitization profile of patients hypersensitive to fungal allergenic components in the Ukrainian population, identifying features of their co-sensitization to allergens of other groups and establishing potential relationships between causative allergens and their ability to provoke this hypersensitivity. A set of programs was developed using Python and R programming languages, implementing the K-means++ clustering method. Bayesian networks were constructed based on the created clusters, allowing for the assessment of the probabilistic interplay of allergen molecules in the sensitization process of patients. It was found that patients sensitive to fungi are polysensitized, with 84.77% of them having unique allergological profiles, comprising from 2 to several dozen allergens from different groups. The immune response to Alt a 1 may act as the primary trigger for sensitization to other allergens and may contribute to a high probability of developing sensitivity to grasses (primarily to Phl p 2), ragweed extract, and the Amb a 1 pectate lyase, as well as to pectate lyase Cry j 1 and cat allergen Fel d 1. Individuals polysensitized to molecular components of fungi were often sensitive to such cross-reactive molecules as lipocalins Fel d 4 and Can f 6, as well. Sensitivity to Ambrosia extract which dominated in the development of sensitization to ragweed pollen indicating the importance of different allergenic components of this plant's pollen. This hypothesis, along with the assumption that Phl p 2 may be the main trigger for sensitivity to grasses in patients with Alternaria allergy, requires further clinical investigation.

Legal regulation of the provision of electronic services in the field of social protection of the population

The article is devoted to the analysis of the legislative consolidation of the provision of electronic services in the sphere of social protection of the population in Ukraine, taking into account the trends of reforming the institute of electronic services in the state. The current state of legal regulation of the provision of electronic services in the field of social protection of the population and directions for improvement of normative legal acts in the specified field have been studied. Summarizing the legal basis regulating the provision of electronic services in the field of social protection of the population, such acts can be classified by legal force (legislative, sub-legal) and by the content of the subject of regulation (determine general theoretical provisions and some aspects of an organizational nature; administrative jurisdictional activity of public administration bodies regarding provision of electronic services in the field of social protection of the population; guarantees of legality of the provision of electronic services in the field of social protection of the population). It has been established that today there is a significant number of normative legal acts that regulate certain aspects of the provision of electronic services in the field of social protection of the population. This is natural given the wide range of social relations subject to their regulation. Instead, for further systematized reform in this area, it is necessary to determine the general principles of organizational and legal regulation of the provision of electronic services in this area on the basis of a unified legislative act with the aim of a systematic approach to the elimination of legal gaps in the regulation of such an institution in view of the special legal position of subjects of public administration of providing electronic services in the field of social protection of the population.

Migration as an effect of russian aggression against ukraine: understanding the consequences

It has long been no secret that migration processes have a great impact on the number and composition of the population of all countries. These processes have always played and will play a multifaceted role in the development of mankind, acting as a form of human adaptation to the changing conditions of its existence. The war between Russia and Ukraine, which began back in 2014 with the occupation of Crimea along with some areas of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, has serious far-reaching consequences, one of which is significant migration flows. As a result of hostilities, occupation, and invasion of Russian troops in February 2022, many Ukrainians were forced to seek refuge in other regions of the country or beyond. This led to the emergence of mass internal migration to relatively safe regions of Ukraine and unprecedented in the history of our country external migration to neighboring European states. Accordingly, these migration processes have a great impact on the demographic structure and social situation both in the receiving regions of Ukraine and in the countries that received Ukrainian refugees. It has been demonstrated that the main demographic risks faced by Ukraine pose a threat to stable socio-economic development and have become a serious challenge for Ukrainian society. The most urgent task of Ukrainian migration policy today is the development of political instruments that would encourage and facilitate the return of Ukrainian refugees to their homes. The article uses a systematic analysis based on statistical data of international and public organizations, and statesmen to determine the peculiarities of migration flows in war conditions; induction and deduction - to systematize the key causes and consequences of the migration of the population of Ukraine. The main emphasis is on the analysis of the impact of migration processes on the economic development of Ukraine, social stability and cultural identity of the population.

Theory of the nation in the scientific concept of Lev Rebet

The article analyzes the life and work of L. Rebet, his general theoretical views on the formation and development of the nation. Considerable attention is paid to the characterization of L. Rebet’s fundamental scientific works on the theory and history of the Ukrainian nation, in particular: “The Formation of the Ukrainian Nation”; “Theory of the Nation”; “The Origin of Ukrainians, Russians, Belarusians in the Light of Modern Soviet Theories”; “The Light and Shadows of the OUN”, etc. It is shown that in his scientific concept of the formation and development of the nation, Lev Rebet examined in detail the causes of the decline, economic and cultural isolation of the Ukrainian community during the Golden Horde, analyzed the causes of the territorial fragmentation of the Ukrainian principalities and determined the importance of the Galicia-Volhynia State for the continuation of the state life of the Ukrainian people. Using historical examples, L. Rebet identified the negative impacts on the Ukrainian population under the Lithuanian and Polish occupation of Ukrainian lands. L. Rebet rightly noted that during the revival of the Ukrainian people, religion and the Orthodox faith played an important role, opposing Catholicism and polonization and becoming the bearers of Ukrainian tradition and the formation of national consciousness. It was the Ukrainian bourgeoisie, part of the petty gentry, and artisans who proved to be the bearers of culture and state traditions. However, it was only the independent Ukrainian military Cossack stratum that became the military and organizational force that quickly acquired the features of a national state, and in the era of Bohdan Khmelnytsky’s hetmanship, thanks to the military and political success of the Cossacks, one of the most powerful Ukrainian states of that time emerged, which played a significant nation-building role and for several years “crystallized the Ukrainian community, approaching a higher type - the nation”, in which the Cossacks were the main political force. The article reveals that L. Rebet in his works considered nationalism as an ideology that should be based on feelings of national dignity, self-respect and national consciousness. L. Rebet convincingly argued in his writings that the Ukrainian people have the right to political self-determination and the creation of their own state. L. Rebet believed that in order to build one’s own state, first of all, it is necessary to raise the national consciousness and culture of the people. According to L. Rebbetzin, this requires the Ukrainian people to return to their national roots, to their own history and culture, in order to preserve and establish their national identity. In his scientific concept, Lev Rebet emphasized the importance of preserving Ukrainian culture and language, and of preserving the national identity of Ukrainians. Nationalism should be democratic and social. He sought to create a national liberation organization that would unite different segments of the population and work for the benefit of the entire Ukrainian people. L. Rebet favored the creation of national statehood, but believed that the source of power in the state should be the people, not the political elite. Rebet’s views on the importance of moral virtues and cultural values, such as freedom, justice, honesty, diligence, creativity, traditions, religion, and language, are particularly relevant. Rebet believed that these values are important for Ukrainian and other nations.

Validity and reliability assessment of the RCADS-P-25 in the ukrainian population

Validity and reliability assessment of the RCADS-P-25 in the ukrainian population

ON THE NECESSITY OF CHANGES IN THE MENTALITY OF THE LEADERSHIP AND FUNCTIONARIES OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES OF UKRAINE

Based on the analysis of the results and experience gained in the processes of decentralization of power and reforming the territorial structure of Ukraine, the article concludes that the quality of governance of a number of newly formed territorial communities (TCs) in the difficult conditions of simultaneously confronting the military aggression of the russian federation and the need to implement a set of European integration measures is affected and will be affected in the future by the current mental state of their population and local self-government bodies. It is demonstrated that this state is a consequence of the long-term impact on consciousness and intelligence, knowledge and experience, management and life traditions, mentality and mentality of the population of the ideologemes of the so-called Eastern institutional matrix (communitarianism, rigid centralized management and non-market economy). The European integration intentions of the population and leadership of Ukraine require changes in this state in the direction of achieving and ensuring the ideologemes of the Western institutional matrix (individual freedoms, decentralized governance and market economy). Since the results of the comparative analysis of the values and ideals of the mental attitudes of the population of the EU and Ukraine, with the obvious presence of common priorities of peace, human rights and democracy, demonstrate the advantages of Ukrainians in the pursuit of peace and preservation of human life, but also reflect quite significant differences in the area of non-compliance by Ukrainian citizens with the requirements of respect for other cultures and even the requirements of the implementation of existing laws, this makes it quite obvious that a number of training activities on certain transformational changes should be planned and implemented. To this end, it is necessary to use the existing potential of the current system of training and retraining of current and future personnel of the public administration and management system at all its levels, starting with the basic one – the staff of local self-government bodies of TCs.

RURAL SETTLEMENT NETWORK OF UKRAINE (THE SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF CHANGES)

In recent decades, with the intensification of urbanization processes in many countries, there have been numerous notable changes in the size of the rural population, as well as in the number and structure of rural settlements. The purpose of this study is to identify and assess spatial changes in the settlement of the rural population of Ukraine from 1959 to 2021 based on the results of cartographic analysis. The sources of the study are census data for the relevant years (1959, 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001) and subsequent statistical observations. Spatial changes in the regional size and density of the rural population, as well as its territorial dispersion, are traced. Between 1959 and 2001, when the last census was conducted in Ukraine, the number of rural settlements in Ukraine decreased by 13,600. For the first time, the publication highlights certain changes in the characteristics of the rural settlement network, which are new aspects in studying its development.

Food security in Ukraine today’s conditions

The system-forming element of national security is food security, which guarantees effective management of the food system, ensuring the food needs of the appropriate quantity and quality of each country’s citizen. Despite the significant potential of the agricultural sector, which forms the basis of food security, the need to analyse the state of food security in the current situation is due to military operations on the territory of Ukraine, which led to its negative global results. In this regard, the need to develop effective strategies and legal regulation is essential to ensure national and global food security, which in turn requires coordination of efforts of all countries and international organisations through international cooperation. The study aims to establish a pattern regarding the current state of food security by analysing the impact of availability, access, usefulness and stability of food supply on food security. Research methods: comparative analysis; taxonomic analysis; systematisation, generalisation. The survey found that Ukraine’s position in the Global Food Security Index (FSI) among 113 countries in 2022 worsened by 13 points, where the worst indicators for domestic food security are sustainability and adaptability (43.5 points out of 100 and 94th place globally) and economic affordability of food (48.1 points out of 100 and 93rd place in the world). It was found that the actual consumption of vegetables, melons, potatoes, and oil in 2021 was slightly higher than the rational norm, indicating sufficient consumption of these products, while the actual consumption of products that are lower than the rational norm includes meat and meat products, milk and dairy products, fish and fish products, and fruits, berries, and grapes. It has been determined that since 2016, the number of kilocalories in the daily diet of the population of Ukraine has not reached the minimum norm of consumption of basic foodstuffs for the working population. It has been established that in 2020 and 2021, the value of the taxonomic indicator for assessing the level of food security (I) has been decreasing, i.e. the distance to the reference vector has been increasing, which indicates a decrease in the level of food security. The forecasting results suggest a downward trend in the food security index for the period 2022–2027, and there is an urgent need to take measures to eliminate this trend and improve the value of the index, which is extremely important for the security of the state, especially in times of war.

Analysis of legal regulation and results of the assessment of public and professional awareness on rehabilitation care packages

Aim. To determine the peculiarities of legal regulation of rehabilitation care packages, as well as present the results of assessing the awareness of the population and professionals on rehabilitation care packages. Materials and methods. The legislation of Ukraine, scientific publications, results of a sociological survey; content analysis, system analysis, sociological analysis, generalization, synthesis, graphic methods were used. Results. It has been determined that the active development of legislation of Ukraine on the provision of rehabilitation care begins with the adoption of the Law “On Rehabilitation in the Field of Healthcare” in 2020. Today, these relations are already regulated by a number of legal acts. The Law “On State Financial Guarantees of Medical Care for the Population” adopted in 2017 defined the provision of medical services necessary for patients at the expense of the state budget. Since 2023, two packages of rehabilitation services have been provided in Ukraine; they are subject to payment under the medical guarantee program – rehabilitation care for adults and children in inpatient and outpatient settings. The study has shown that 55 % of the Ukrainians surveyed feel the need for rehabilitation, but they consider the lack of financial resources to be a barrier to obtaining it, and they also note that they do not know where and whom to turn to. Rehabilitation professionals have demonstrated an average level of awareness of their rights and opportunities within these programs. Conclusions. The article highlights the active development of legislation of Ukraine on rehabilitation in the healthcare sector at the present stage. According to the results of the survey, it has been found that the population of Ukraine has an insufficient level of awareness of medical guarantee packages for rehabilitation care. The necessity for a more active information campaign and the creation of social advertising on this topic has been substantiated.

Характеристики демографічної резильєнтності населення України у період пандемії Covid-19

The full-scale military invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation came at a time when our country had been weakened by a series of shocks in a relatively short historical period. Shocks such as a prolonged pandemic and war can disrupt and, in some cases, halt demographic development. In this context, the study of demographic resilience on the eve of a full-scale war, which became a new powerful shock for Ukraine, is relevant and necessary. The complexity of this issue does not allow us to provide all the answers in one article. The purpose of our paper is to determine the main parameters of the demographic resilience of the population of Ukraine in the Covid-19 period and to compare them with the characteristics of resilience in other periods of the greatest shocks experienced by our country, as well as with the indicators of other countries. In our study the main indicators of transient dynamics (convergence time, reactivity, population inertia, damping ratio) were calculated for the first time for the population of Ukraine. The influence of the contribution of different age groups of women to total fertility on the age structure of the population (with the same total fertility rate) was also determined for the first time. The calculations were based on the stable population model, the Leslie matrix, fertility tables, and life tables. The resilience indicators were calculated using the popdemo package. Methods of comparison, generalisation, and analogy were also used. Among the characteristics of demographic resilience, the half-life indicator stands out for its simplicity of calculation and interpretation. In Ukraine, the halving time for the population is decreasing, but it is still higher for the real population than for its stable equivalent. The age structure of the real population, formed under more favourable conditions, mitigates the negative consequences of shock periods, but the long-term preservation of the current regime of mortality and fertility will inevitably worsen the characteristics of the population. In Ukraine, advanced motherhood is an element of the adaptive cycle and requires a rethinking of its meaning and role, as it can be one of the internal mechanisms aimed at the resilience of the system in shock periods. In the conditions of the lowest-low fertility and mortality regime in Ukraine in 2021, advanced maternal age contributed to some increase in the number of births and a certain rejuvenation of the age structure of the population.

Simulation of the impact of changes in the volume of production and export of products on the food security of the country: on the example of Ukraine

Changes in the production of agricultural products in Ukraine are analyzed. Forecasting of the volume of exports of agricultural products from Ukraine until 2027 was carried out. The following factors were taken into account: projected changes in real GDP in those countries that are the main importers of these products; reduction of cultivated agricultural land caused by military actions; forecasted changes in the population of Ukraine during the forecast period. It was concluded that there are no threats to Ukraine's food security caused by changes in the production and export of agricultural products. The research was based on a forecasting method, which made it possible to take into account retrospective information and a number of internal and external factors affecting the processes of production and export of agricultural products. The sources of information were the data of the International Monetary Fund and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The hypotheses of the study were confirmed, and the results showed that the volume of production of agricultural products will be sufficient to support the population of the country, while maintaining the previous proportion of exports. At the same time, there is a potential for growth of the share of products that Ukraine can export. The forecast volumes of export of Ukrainian agricultural products obtained can serve as a guideline for regulating exports, taking into account the issue of food security in Ukraine.

Prediction of changes in war-induced population and CO2 emissions in Ukraine using social media

Monitoring the changes in population and anthropogenic CO2 emissions caused by geopolitical conflicts is significant for humanitarian assistance and also for revealing the CO2 emission patterns of human activities. However, the changes in population and anthropogenic CO2 emissions are highly dynamic, and representative survey data are generally unavailable. We monitor the near-real-time and fine-grained changes in war-induced population and anthropogenic CO2 emissions in Ukraine through social media data. One year after the invasion, over 11 million Ukrainians are displaced from the baseline 0.1∘*0.1∘\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${0.1}^{\\circ}\\,*\\,{0.1}^{\\circ}$$\\end{document} gridded regions. There is a significant correlation between the estimated changes and the reference changes for each month in all CO2 emission sectors, with R2 respectively ranging from 0.57 to 0.93, 0.41 to 0.9, 0.74 to 0.99 for residential consumption, ground transport, and industry sectors. Overall, the proposed method provides a new perspective to monitor Ukrainian refugee crisis and measure the spatio-temporal response of anthropogenic CO2 emissions.

The impact of mass migration on the demographic situation and the labor market in Ukraine

The impact of migration on the country’s demographic status is particularly significant in the context of the Russian Federation’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The purpose of the academic paper is to assess the interrelation between migration processes and the demographic situation in Ukraine, and the social relations arising from migration processes in Ukraine and resulting in changes in the demographic situation in Ukraine are the objects of the research. The following methods were used in the research: analysis, synthesis, generalization and formal logical method. The academic paper raises significant issues regarding the impact of a full-scale invasion on migration processes and the demographic structure of the population in Ukraine. It is stated that the causes of migration processes can be divided by date – the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into the territory of Ukraine. The reasons outlined have led to a change in demographic indicators in terms of gender and age indicators of the population in Ukraine. The academic paper also analyzes the Strategy of the State Migration Policy of Ukraine for the period up to 2025 in order to determine whether it contains state mechanisms and tools to improve the demographic situation. The scientific novelty is the author’s proposal to develop a Plan for the mutual influence of migration and demographic policies of the state in order to improve the latter.

ІНКЛЮЗІЯ В УКРАЇНІ: СУЧАСНІ ВИКЛИКИ

The article is devoted to a theoretical and practical analysis of the problem of inclusion: formation and development, features of educational inclusion, and mechanisms of implementation of inclusive higher education. Based on the analysis of regulatory documents and scientific research, the authors determine the most significant stages of the formation and development of inclusion in Ukraine. The requirements for specialists needed by the modern domestic education system have been analyzed. The article emphasizes the trends in the process of invalidation of the population of Ukraine. The authors determine the expediency and necessity of wide implementation of educational inclusion in the system of higher education, in particular: ensuring free access of all higher education applicants to educational and methodical materials and creating the necessary special units. On the basis of the analysis of the results of the conducted survey, the possible ways of solving the current problems of educational inclusion in the higher education system are substantiated and characterized: support of the teaching staff in the organization of an inclusive educational environment in the institution of higher education; support for education seekers who belong to the category of persons with special needs; financing and implementation of regulated and guaranteed mechanisms for financial support of higher education institutions; technical and methodological support of the educational process. Also, emphasis is placed on electronic inclusion, which is interpreted as a social movement aimed at overcoming the digital divide among different categories of the population. It was found that the appropriate level of organization of an inclusive educational environment is observed in institutions of general secondary education. Instead, HEIs need more active involvement of specialists, technical equipment and financial support for effective educational inclusion. An important factor is the availability of computer equipment: ensuring access to free or low-cost computers, in particular through the implementation of special target programs, charity projects, etc. It is also relevant to search and exchange data to diversify the ways of obtaining education for persons with special educational paths, to ensure effective interpersonal communication despite temporal and spatial boundaries.