Ukrainian Organizations Research Articles

MANAGEMENT IN THE WORLD AND IN UKRAINE

Problem and task. It is well known that the state of the Ukrainian economy is unsatisfactory and requires significant improvement. Based on Peter Drucker's words that "there are no underdeveloped countries, only poorly managed ones", we can conclude about the necessity and expediency of significantly increasing the efficiency of the application of modern management systems. in Ukrainian organizations, in particular, and in Ukraine as a whole. In this regard, it seems relevant to understand more deeply the features of modern management and the problems in this area inherent in Ukrainian society. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to analyze the development (evolution) of management in the world to understand its features at the present stage, as well as to investigate the actual application of management in Ukraine and identify the problems that exist here in order to prepare proposals for improvement.
 Research methods. In the process of research, the methods of comparative analysis, data analysis by grouping them, summarizing information were applied.
 Results. It was revealed that the concept of "management" was constantly changing in the world, and since the beginning of the 21st century, it acquired a fundamentally new meaning, which was established, in particular, in the international standard ISO 9000:2000. Unlike the previous understanding of management as "contrоl", modern management is, first of all, about the public brain and public mind, about common values and the formation of common goals based on them and the subsequent achievement of these goals through "contrоl". Modern management is an independent branch of knowledge and an independent sphere of activity, which plays a key role in ensuring competitiveness and sustainable development of both individual organizations (enterprises, institutions) and countries as a whole. At the same time, there are significant problems in understanding and applying modern management in Ukraine, which have been hampering its development for more than 30 years. The term "management" is considered a synonym of the Ukrainian terms "управління" and "керування", which is fixed in DSTU ISO 9000:2015. Even today, there is a misconception that management is a component of technical regulation, in particular standardization. Due to a misunderstanding of modern management, it was initially "assigned" to Derzhstandart (in recent years, to the Department of Technical Regulation of the Ministry of Economy). As a result, today "management in Ukrainian" is, in fact, "management" that is "stuck" in the 20th century. This has become one of the key factors in the emergence of many problems in Ukrainian society. The results of the study made it possible to create proposals aimed at improving the situation on a national scale.
 Conclusions. Due to inadequate understanding of the essence of modern management in Ukraine, due attention is not paid to its development. No central executive body responsible for the development of management in the country as a whole has been appointed. The issue of improving management is not reflected in any state policy and strategy for the development of spheres of life. Public sector organizations, in particular executive authorities, and business companies use mostly outdated, imperfect management systems. In order to eliminate the mentioned shortcomings and improve the situation, it is necessary to urgently change the attitude towards this extremely important component of state formation.
 Keywords: sustainability; management; leadership; management; direct, contrоl; standards; management systems; manager.

UKRAINE AND THE WORLD IN CONDITIONS OF WAR: THE ROLE OF SCIENTIFIC, PROFESSION AND PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS

UKRAINE AND THE WORLD IN CONDITIONS OF WAR: THE ROLE OF SCIENTIFIC, PROFESSION AND PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS

НАПРЯМИ ЗНИЖЕННЯ РІВНЯ КОРУПЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ КРИЗОВИХ ЯВИЩ ТА ПІДВИЩЕННЯ НЕОБХІДНОСТІ ЛЕГАЛІЗАЦІЇ ДОХОДІВ

Today, Ukraine has faced a large number of challenges that have affected its economic, social and territorial development. The war posed new challenges, one of which is an increase in the level of corruption both among individuals and legal entities, as well as among officials and even volunteers. With the beginning of the full-scale invasion, the Ukrainian economy faced new challenges in terms of doing business, receiving significant financial and material aid from around the world, the growth of remittances, which in turn affected the volume and types of corruption schemes. In particular, fraudulent schemes related to electronic money, crypto-currencies and various virtual assets have become more active. The article examines analytical reports and statistical data of the National Agency for the Prevention of Corruption and the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine regarding the results of a survey of the population of the most corrupt areas, problems related to the detection of corruption in various areas. And also, assessments of the factors that most influence the level of corruption in the wartime period. On the basis of the conducted research, it was determined that today an important direction for reducing the level of corruption is the development of strategic anti-corruption programs that take into account the strengthening of Russian aggression, the activation of cashless payments between individuals and legal entities, the increase in the number of charitable organizations engaged in fundraising and the decrease in the standard of living of the population. To this end, the following directions for reducing the level of corruption in Ukraine are proposed: improvement of normative legal acts on the prevention of corruption, improvement of Ukraine's anti-corruption strategy taking into account today's realities, development of cooperation with international governments and organizations in the field of anti-corruption measures, making changes to the system of mandatory transparent declaration, establishment of rules regarding mandatory reporting of charitable funds and organizations in Ukraine, improvement of legislation regulating virtual markets, markets of crypto currency (other virtual assets) for the purpose of legalization of income.

Defining the prerequisites for effective innovative activity of Ukrainian organizations in the context of acquiring competence on the European market

The object of research is the innovative activity of organizations. Papers that consider the assessment of the benefits of Ukraine's accession to the European Union (EU) ignore innovation activity in the context of acquiring competence for the integration of organizations into the European space. This predetermined the study to assess the state and prerequisites for effective innovation activity of Ukrainian organizations. An uneven concentration of innovative organizations by types of economic activity has been determined, which is explained by imperfect mechanisms for regulating regional development. The negative dynamics of the science intensity of the gross domestic product (GDP) of Ukraine (by 0.32 %), its lowest level among the EU countries (0.99 %) were noted. This makes it impossible to compete with supplier countries of new technologies and products with a high degree of added value. A reduction in the cost of fundamental research and the number of innovative organizations (by 72.09 %), a decrease in the number of employees engaged in scientific research was identified. The smallest amounts of funding for employee training in accordance with EU requirements have been determined, which reduces the competitiveness of the economy. A distinctive feature of the study is its standpoint of the influence of indicators on the formation of conditions for the acquisition of competence by organizations in the European market. This means the technological renewal of production, intensification of research into the latest areas of science, achievement of intellectual leadership, reorientation of finance to investment in human capital. The results are useful for executives who, on the way to joining the European space, seek to successfully overcome the barriers of the world's largest market owing to organizational competence

Methodological Assessment Framework of Socioeconomic Systems’ Bio-Economic Transformation Management

Assessment of the process of bio-economic transformation of socioeconomic systems and its consequences in various countries, and in Ukraine in particular, is quite problematic since the existing methodology of the State Statistics bodies does not meet its needs and therefore is not able to cover its development based on domestic data adequately. The biggest obstacle on this path is the lack of separation of economic activity types into the production of the products using materials of biological and fossil origin in the process of collecting and processing official data, which further complicates the assessment of bioeconomic processes along supply chains and its impact on sustainable economic development. Paper research has been conducted through a mixed-methods approach to reach the following objectives, including desktop research using general scientific methods and content and comparative analysis with further conceptual framework adoption. To simplify the process of developing a methodological assessment framework, at the initial stage of the bioeconomic transformation assessment system formation, we proposed an adapted framework and indicators that can be obtained from existing statistical information supplemented with data from other alternative sources. This approach assumes the use of formal data collection methods, assuming they will remain unchanged for the foreseeable future. We have systematized assessment indicators into three dimensions of its maturity: indicators of bioeconomic potential, development, and sustainability, specific to Ukrainian organizations, as these combined indicators can provide an understanding of the current state, compromises, and the likelihood of sustainable bio-economy transformation. Practical implementation of the obtained results and elimination of identified shortcomings and gaps in the assessment of bioeconomic transformation will contribute to developing bioeconomic strategies based on sustainable development.

FORMATION OF A MODERN PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM: SOCIAL CHALLENGES, COMMUNICATION TRENDS, INNOVATIVE APPROACHES

The article deals with the issues of formation of an organization's HR management ecosystem. The concepts of ecosystem, goals, objectives and key elements of the system are studied. It is substantiated that the modern ecosystem of HR management of an organization involves the formation of an organization's development strategy, HR strategy, which contains the values of the organization; enables the development of corporate culture and positioning of each employee in relation to the development of the organization; includes social responsibility, managerial and communication unity; innovative approaches to the selection of methods of training and development of personnel; new reward systems; advantages of involving different generations in cooperation: expanding the scope of the traditional «working age». It is established that the formation and development of a modern organization's HR management ecosystem is influenced by globalization and geopolitical aspects, demographic factors, staff migration and the struggle for the best candidates, the level of technology development, communication problems, the COVID-19 pandemic, and, given the Ukrainian realities, military actions. The author analyzes the trends in HR management, among which are the following: active use of artificial intelligence; development of electronic offices and electronic portfolios; introduction of blended learning and gamification methods in the management and advanced training of personnel; identification of talents and their effective use. The new management paradigm should take into account current trends in management technologies and form a system of staff motivation. This approach allows us to consider modern HR management technologies according to the main sub-functions. These include: strategic workforce planning; search and selection of personnel; training and development of personnel; performance management of personnel; motivation of personnel through recognition and rewards; career development of personnel, motivation for leadership. It is noted that the social responsibility of an organization in the field of career development and professional development of employees involves the following steps: in accordance with the corporate strategy, to determine the necessary plans for the training needs of staff; equal opportunities for all categories of staff in terms of training and professional development; formation of relevant methods and forms of staff development; identification of particularly promising employees, and development of individual development and career growth programs. Today, the concept of corporate social responsibility is gradually being developed and implemented in the corporate governance systems of leading Ukrainian organizations.

THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF THE LIBRARY IN WARTIME: PAST AND PRESENT

As instruments of guaranteed knowledge, safeguarding memory, diversity and cultural identity of people, libraries during all its existence have been severely attacked during military confrontations. With the start of Russia’s war against Ukraine, the issue of preserving cultural values, including libraries, in the territories suffering from hostilities becomes very urgent, because russians are trying to destroy Ukrainian people, culture and values. The purpose of our research was to find possible ways of library activity and the reservation of their collections during military operations, based on a review of history of the struggle of libraries for the reservation of their collections during wars and on consideration of the activity of the American Library Association and its Library War Service, as one of the most important institution, focused on helping libraries and soldiers during wartime. Having considered the history of the activities of libraries during the war, it can be noted that the main role in the reservation of the funds was played by the library employees, because they understood the significance of the collections and, in some cases, saved cultural values with their own hands. A consideration of the activities of the American Library Service’s War Library makes it clear how important it is to help soldiers and people during wartime by distributing books and knowledge that prove beneficial to support morale. We also noted the role of the Ukrainian Library Association, which, together with the American Library Association, currently helps librarians and library workers by collecting donations for the Ukrainian library community, which is facing the challenges of war. In addition, in our opinion, one of the most important opportunities for the reservation of library funds during the war may be an attempt to create an organization in Ukraine like the Hill Museum and the Manuscript Library, which will photograph and catalog the collections of manuscripts and rare publications from the libraries of throughout Ukraine, especially in small towns or villages, where there are publications that characterize the history of their specific district or region and which are impossible to found elsewhere. Due to the fact that Russia is trying to destroy the Ukrainian nation, the reservation of such key values of each region becomes very important for the consolidation of Ukrainian society and the further cultural development of the Ukrainian nation throughout the territory of Ukraine.

Assessment of the influence of factors on the formation of the management structure of a competent organization

An important task of Ukrainian organizations in the context of the intensification of European integration processes is to ensure competence on the European market and the ability to compete with organizations of the European Union countries, which directs the efforts of managers to find ways to optimize management structures as part of a set of measures to increase the level of organizational competence. The purpose of the article was to justify the factors of external and internal influence that should be taken into account when building the management structure of the organization in the context of acquiring competence on the European market. To achieve the goal, the methods of content analysis, logical analysis and generalization, analysis of hierarchies, pairwise comparisons, dialectical and expert methods have been used. It is substantiated that in the conditions of Ukraine’s accession to the European economic space, it is important to shift the perspective of attention from external circumstances to internal organizational properties, to their competence, which is evidence of knowledge, experience, and skills to perform effective activities, a prerequisite for successful competition of organizations with European producers. The determination of the management structure of organizations as the basis of activity, the guarantee of adaptive properties, have allowed to consider it as a factor of organizational competence and effective functioning in the European environment. The dynamism of the requirements of the European market has been given the status of a priority task of analyzing the factors influencing the formation of the management structure of the organization as a prerequisite for ensuring its competence. An online survey of heads of Ukrainian organizations has made it possible to choose the most significant factors of influence based on the criteria of the strength of influence, cost and duration of prevention of a negative influence. The necessity of priority consideration of the selected factors during the construction of the management structure of the organization for its timely adjustment and improvement of adaptive properties has been proven. Formulated conclusions and recommendations will be useful to managers who strive to form a rational management structure in accordance with the goals and objectives of the organization, which will ensure the coordination of the efforts of employees, a quick reaction to the influence of internal and external factors, increasing the level of organizational competence

REMOVAL OF IRON COMPOUNDS FROM MECHANICAL FILTERS HOUSEHOLD REVERSE OSMOTIC SYSTEMS WATER PURIFICATION

Today, the most convenient and widespread option for cleaning and purifying drinking water is to install reverse osmosis systems directly at the water intake points. However, the use of reverse osmosis systems has disadvantages associated with the frequent need to replace their elements. The article discusses the competitiveness of negative impact on the environment of reverse osmosis systems and ways to regenerate filters with the possibility of their reuse. Currently, there are no companies or organizations in Ukraine that would collect and dispose of such filters. This direction is undeveloped. There are practically no corresponding data in the scientific literature. If you take into account the fact that, according to our calculations, about 88,000 domestic reverse osmosis systems are in use today in Kyiv alone, it is easy to calculate that 176,000 polypropylene cartridges with a total volume of 105 m3 of polypropylene enter the environment during the year. 
 The article presents method of regeneration of mechanical filters from iron compounds and other harmful impurities deposited on the surface and pores of the filter during operation. Studies of the jet sulfuric acid as a cleaner have confirmed its effectiveness and sufficient safety for further processing of cleaning products as an additive to cement. To establish the minimum residual concentration of iron in the mother liquor, a cycle of experiments was conducted and it was established that pH 4.0-4.5 can be considered optimal, at which the content of iron ions is at the level of their content in drinking water. There was made an estimation of acid. Technologies of large-scale cleaning used filters can be beneficial and cost-effective..
 The results of the experimental study make it possible to develop a treatment plant with an automated system for dosing acid and measuring acidity.

Activities of international, medical and humanitarian NGOs in Ukraine under martial law

As a result of Russia's full-scale military offensive on the territory of Ukraine, numerous international, non-governmental organizations have commenced providing assistance to the population through the implementation of different programs. Such assistance is manifested in various aspects, from humanitarian to financial. This article outlines the experience and legal basis for the operation of several international, non-governmental, medical and humanitarian organizations in Ukraine working under martial law imposed as a result of the war. To the purpose and objectives of the study, the work uses a combination of general and special methods of scholarly knowledge. The article uses the doctrinal provisions of science on the legal framework for the activities of international, medical and humanitarian, non-governmental organizations in Ukraine, as well as statistical data on the activities of public associations during the period of martial law. This study was conducted taking into account the experience of non-governmental organizations in other countries. The authors found that during the legal regime of martial law in Ukraine, international, non-governmental organizations such as Medecins Sans Frontieres, the International Committee of the Red Cross, and Oxfam play a leading role in providing humanitarian and medical assistance to war victims. These organizations play a key role in promoting democracy while helping to mitigate violence and the psychological trauma of war victims. It is the authors’ contention that such assistance furthers democratic governance, helps curb violence, and addresses the psychological trauma occasioned by the war.

Non-Governmental Institutions as Actors of German ‘Soft Power’ in Ukraine (1992-2022)

The purpose of the research paper is to characterize the activity of German non-governmental institutions (organizations) in Ukraine during 1992-2022 through the prism of the concept of ‘soft power’ by J. Nye, as well as to clarify the forms, aims, priorities, and results of their activity.
 The scientific novelty is in the concept of ‘soft power’ application in the study of the activities of German non-governmental organizations in Ukraine at the time of independence.
 The methodology of the research, which is essentially interdisciplinary, is based on the combination of the political science concept of J. Nye and the historical approach. The ‘soft power’ of Germany is analyzed as a combination of four components: resources (values, language, culture, etc.), actors (subjects of influence who use the attractiveness of the resources to involve target groups of the population), tools (means of influence including public diplomacy and its varieties), results (positive image, implementation of political and cultural values, etc.).
 Conclusions. Since the beginning of its independence, Ukraine has become the object of significant interest both on the part of the government agencies of the Federal Republic of Germany and its numerous non-governmental institutions that have been active in our country since 1992.
 German non-governmental organizations can be conditionally divided into two groups: 1) political, which primarily include party foundations; 2) cultural, educational, and scientific, among which the Goethe-Institut, the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), the German Wave (Deutsche Welle) and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation should be singled out.
 When implementing the ‘soft power’ policy, these institutions rest on such resources as democracy and a developed civil society’s values, the German language and culture, and the federal system of education and science. The activities of German non-governmental organizations in Ukraine generally correspond to their general goals.
 Among the main results of these institutions’ activities can be named the formation of a positive image of Germany in Ukraine, as well as the spread of European political values among target groups of the Ukrainian population (mainly young people). The result of the latter has become the formation of civil society in Ukraine and increasing European integration, which has been also facilitated by the activities of other democratic countries’ institutions. However, confirmation of the last statement requires separate research. It also seems promising to study the relationship between Germany’s ‘soft power’ (or another Western country) and the emigration of the Ukrainian population during the period of independence.

REQUIREMENTS FOR HAZARD ANALYSIS MODELS AND CALCULATIONS DEGREE OF RISK

Based on statistical data, the main reasons for the low level of labor protection organization in Ukraine are formulated. In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in cases of industrial injuries. UAH 334 million was spent on monthly insurance payments to families who lost breadwinners. for temporary incapacity for work due to an accident or occupational disease - UAH 138.1 million. The data presented in the article indicate that the main causes of fatal accidents are organizational, psychophysical, technogenic, and technical. The main reasons for the low level of labor protection organization in Ukraine are given by the authors, who say that in today's conditions, the labor protection management system should be based not only on measures from the state, but also on the interest of the subjects of labor relations in maintaining the proper physical condition of the employee. A real health risk assessment is impossible without a sufficient information base on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of risk factors and data on the health status of those contingents of the population that are exposed to these factors. The effect of potentiating with the combined influence of professional and non-professional factors has been established. Therefore, there was a need to develop new methods of analysis and modeling of the conditional probability of the occurrence of an industrial injury, acceptable for practical engineering calculations. The proposed indicators of the level of ensuring the safety of people at the objects are the probability of preventing exposure to dangerous factors of the production environment and work process, which can be determined by the full risk of an accident. Thus, on the basis of the application of the probabilistic method for modeling the conditional probability of injury to an employee during technological operations, an assessment of the probability of an accident and the development of various variants of dangerous situations was carried out. This will make it possible to get an assessment of the circumstances and conditions that contribute to the occurrence and development of traumatic situations at work. Keywords: labor protection, occupational injuries, industrial environment, accident, risk, danger, harmfulness, probability.

Reforming the system of administrative and territorial organization in Ukraine and the Polish Republic

The historical principles of the constitutional and legal reform of the administrative and territorial organizationin Ukraine and the Republic of Poland are studied, analyzing the constitutional legislation of both countries, the implementation of the reforms, and the existing scientific approaches. The possibilities of applying the Polish experience of constitutional modelling of the territorial organization in Ukraine are determined. Attention is paid to the main directions of reform the system of administrative and territorial organization in Ukraine and Poland at different stages of their historical development. It is noted that each period of reform to the administrative and territorial organization of these states is characterized by a different attitude towards local self-government. This allowed to outline the models of the system of administrative and territorial organization in Ukraine and Poland and to clarify their common and specific features.

Formation of Market Foundations of Health Care Organization in Ukraine (Commercial Legal Aspect)

In the article were analyzed the state and prospects of further medical reform in Ukraine. The authors set themselves the goal of conducting a study of the essence of health care reform, and during this process advantages and disadvantages of implemented changes in this area were characterized. The importance of this study lies in the fact that human health and life are recognized at the constitutional level as the highest price, and therefore their protection requires special attention from the state. Promoting the development of health care system improve the quality of life of the population, which in the future will have a positive effect on the economic development of the country. Four main directions of the reform were developed in the work, such as improving the quality of medical services, optimizing the financing of the health care system, improving the management system, and changes in the pharmaceutical sector. An important achievement of the reform is the introduction of the medical services market, which has its own specific features and base on the principle of free competition and financial transparency. The article focuses on the legal regulation of public relations in the field of health care. Legislative provision of this is considered from the point of view of creating a competitive market for medical services, which is opposed to the administrative model of ensuring citizens' health care. The institutional nature of the organization of such market with relevant entities providing services competing with each other is emphasized; medical service in its commodity-value aspect; introduction of the principle of consumer choice of medical service and the entity that provides it; creation of a special state agency that pays the cost of the provided medical service to the relevant subject of medical activity for the benefit of the beneficiary-consumer, who chose this particular subject. Accordingly, the driving force of the market is recognized the actual medical economic activity. Taking into account the above, the article, based on the analysis of the relevant legal acts, concludes that relations in the field of health care have been transformed in the direction of the economic and legal nature of their regulation. This is evidenced by the use of stable constructions of economic law, namely: economic activity; non-commercial management; communal non-commercial enterprise; state regulation of economic activity; subject of organizational and economic powers, etc. The continuation of scientific researches on this issue will contribute to the further development of the national health sector, including by improving the public management of this component of the national economy.

РОЗВИТОК СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНО-АКТИВНОЮ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЄЮ В УМОВАХ ВИКЛИКІВ ВОЄННОГО ПЕРІОДУ

In the article, an analysis of the problems and obstacles in the activities of innovation-active organizations in Ukraine since 2016 is carried out. It has been found that with the dominant trend of reducing the number of innovatively active enterprises, there was an intensification of innovation activities of large companies, which created special departments of innovation development. This was facilitated by a fairly targeted state innovation policy. Even in the conditions of the pandemic, the tendency of maintaining the vector of innovative development as one that can ensure growth in the face of unexpected challenges remained. The full-scale war unleashed by russia in 2022 had a negative impact on innovation: hundreds of businesses were damaged and destroyed, many were forced to shut down their operations, and today most companies are operating in a survival mode and saving resources. In the article, the losses and new opportunities for innovative development of domestic enterprises that arose as a result of the war are systematized. Their implementation requires improving the mechanism of management of an innovation-active organization, which should be comprehensive and includ

ПОПУЛЯРНІСТЬ МЕТОДОЛОГІЙ УПРАВЛІННЯ У СВІТОВІЙ ПРАКТИЦІ

ПОПУЛЯРНІСТЬ МЕТОДОЛОГІЙ УПРАВЛІННЯ У СВІТОВІЙ ПРАКТИЦІ

The Dynamics of Identity of Russian-Speaking Citizens of Ukraine Before and After the Revolution of Dignity

The study analyzes the level of national identity of Russian-speaking citizens of Ukraine within certain time frames, namely before and after the events of the Revolution of Dignity 2013-2014. The issue of national identity in Ukraine has been studied since independence, and the events of 2014 related to Euromaidan, the occupation of Crimea and the war in Donbas have become an additional catalyst for studying the creation and change of national identity in Ukrainian society. One of the most important aspects of studying the identity of Ukrainians is the analysis of the identity of Russian-speaking citizens of Ukraine, who are an integral part of Ukrainian society and on which Russian propaganda, pro-Russian politicians and organizations in Ukraine worked purposefully. But the events that began in 2014 in Ukraine could have an even more significant impact on Russian-speaking citizens and therefore it is important to analyze this impact on the identity of Russian-speaking citizens, because certain changes in national identity in this group affect the political and social life of Ukraine. Sociological monitoring data from the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) were used for the analysis. Sociological results published by the institute in free access were analyzed through the method of descriptive statistics. For the analysis, three indicators were selected that are relevant for determining the national identity of Russian-speaking citizens in Ukraine. Among them: “attitude to the independence of Ukraine”, “interpretation of one's own national identity”, “assessment of the status of the Russian language in the state”. As for the attitude to independence, in 2007 in the South and East, Russian-speaking citizens treated independence quite differently. In the south of Ukraine there was a slight advantage in support of independence, and in the east on the contrary in anti-support. In 2017, the vast majority of citizens in both the East and the South supported independence. At the point of self-identification, Russian-speaking respondents began to identify more as Ukrainians and less as Russians, but in 2014 there was uncertainty about the self-identification of Russian-speaking citizens. In relation to the status of Russian language in Ukraine until 2014, there was greater support for the status of the second state language, but after 2014, Russian-speaking citizens did not consider the status of Russian as a second state language.

PR-ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ МУСУЛЬМАНСЬКИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ УКРАЇНИ (2010–2023 рр.)

The content and main directions of PR activities of Muslim religious organizations in Ukraine were analyzed. It was determined that the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Ukraine "Umma", the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Ukraine and the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea carry out such activities most systematically, which is characterized by the use of many resources and modern media technologies, although there is a lack of systematicity. Their PR activity is multi-channel: through print and electronic media, as well as radio and television, although Internet resources, including social networks, prevail. Muslim religious organizations both create their own media content and translate global media. A universal model of PR activities of Muslim organizations is the posting of general information on the basics of Islamic belief and features of religious practice, as well as digitized thematic literature, on electronic resources. Muslim religious organizations in their PR activities also use streaming technologies, i.e. continuous broadcasting of events in real time, mainly to cover charitable, cultural and educational PR actions conducted by the organization. Facebook, Instagram and Telegram are the main social media channels used by Muslim organizations for PR activities, where content is regularly posted on the pages of communities and spiritual leaders. An important direction of the PR activities of Muslim organizations in Ukraine is the coverage of their leadership's participation in state events, as well as the adoption of declarations of their interaction with the authorities and the public. The signing of the Charter of Muslims of Ukraine and the Social Concept of Muslims of Ukraine became significant. The components of PR activities of Muslim organizations are cultural (as patronage and as intercultural mass communication), charity, work with children and youth.

ВЗАЄМОДІЯ ВОЛОНТЕРСЬКИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ З ОРГАНАМИ ВЛАДИ ПІД ЧАС ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ В УКРАЇНІ

After the full-scale invasion by an occupying country, volunteer organizations in Ukraine play a crucial role in humanitarian aid and support during a state of war. Their interaction with government authorities determines the effectiveness and success of aid provision, a vital element. This article purpose to analyze the interaction between volunteer organizations and government authorities during a state of war in Ukraine to identify effective collaboration strategies and overcome challenges. Research methods include analyzing the activities of volunteer groups and studying legislative and organizational contexts. Methods. A systematic methods is employed to assess various aspects of interaction. Results. The results indicate that volunteer organizations actively contribute to gathering necessary resources for the military, including fundraising, transporting essential equipment, medicines, clothing, and other needed supplies to the front lines. They coordinate groups and initiatives for efficient resource collection and distribution. Volunteer organizations and volunteers are essential elements of support for the military and their families, providing psychological support, necessary consultations, and assistance with daily life issues. Research results suggest that effective collaboration between volunteer organizations and governmental structures is a key factor in successfully providing humanitarian aid during a state of war. Best practices involve transparent communication, regular coordination, and joint planning for optimal resource utilization. Collaboration between volunteer organizations and government authorities is a crucial aspect of ensuring coordination and efficiency in humanitarian efforts. Analyzing communication and interaction allows identifying optimal collaboration models and improving resource management. Conclusions. In conclusion, volunteer organizations provide a wide range of services, including medical, social, and material assistance, playing a significant role in meeting the population’s needs, supporting the military, and responding to humanitarian crises. It is necessary to continue refining interaction mechanisms and identifying specific steps for more effective collaboration. This includes developing information exchange mechanisms, promoting understanding of roles and responsibilities, and creating a legal framework that facilitates joint humanitarian efforts. Thus, the article aims to enhance the interaction between volunteer organizations and government authorities by providing practical recommendations for improving humanitarian aid during a state of war in Ukraine.

Classification of Religious Organizations in Ukraine

Classification of Religious Organizations in Ukraine