Types Of Structures Research Articles

The impact of alcohol and ammonium fluoride on pressure-induced amorphization of cubic structure I clathrate hydrates.

We have investigated pressure-induced amorphization (PIA) of an alcohol clathrate hydrate (CH) of cubic structure type I (sI) in the presence of NH4F utilizing dilatometry and x-ray powder diffraction. PIA occurs at 0.98GPa at 77K, which is at a much lower pressure than for other CHs of the same structure type. The amorphized CH also shows remarkable resistance against crystallization upon decompression. While amorphized sI CHs could not be recovered previously at all, this is possible in the present case. By contrast to other CHs, the recovery of the amorphized CHs to ambient pressure does not even require a high-pressure annealing step, where recovery without any loss of amorphicity is possible at 120K and below. Furthermore, PIA is accessible upon compression at unusually high temperatures of up to 140K, where it reaches the highest degree of amorphicity. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm that polar alcoholic guests, as opposed to non-polar guests, induce cage deformation at lower pressure. The substitution of NH4F into the host-lattice stabilizes the collapsed state more than the crystalline state, thereby enhancing the collapse kinetics and lowering the pressure of collapse.

Synthesis and characterization of ZnO tetrapod-like nanorods without catalyst by wet thermal evaporation and applied on dye-sensitized solar cells

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) continue to attract as one of the most important renewable energy technologies due to their simple production, environmentally friendly, and lower-cost fabrication process compared to the most common types of solar cells. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures have motivated researchers to fabricate DSSCs as photo-anodes due to their unique properties, such as different types of structures, appropriate optical properties, proper energy bandgap, and high electron transfer characteristics. This article reports the simple preparation of ZnO tetrapod-like nanorods using the wet thermal evaporation method on porous silicon substrate PS/Si and applied as a photoanode on DSSCs. ZnO nanostructures were characterized by using grazing-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. A significant difference in the performance of DSSCs has been investigated by using a standard dye di-tetrabutylammonium cis–bis(isothiocyanate)bis(2,2[Formula: see text]-bipyridyl-4,4[Formula: see text]-dicarboxylato) ruthenium (II) (N719) reloaded on ZnO tetrapod-like nanorods ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]%, and [Formula: see text]%) being more efficient than the ZnO spherical nanoparticles as a reference solar cell ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]%, and [Formula: see text]%).

РАЗРАБОТКА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИ ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО МЕТОДА ОЦЕНКИ ВЛИЯНИЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК И РАСПОЛОЖЕНИЯ ФУРНИТУРЫ ПРОТИВОПОЖАРНЫХ ДВЕРЕЙ НА ИХ ОГНЕСТОЙКОСТЬ

The article presents one of the important problems of developing new types of building structures, in particular fire-resistant doors, related to the need for large-scale studies to assess the impact on the fire resistance of door panels of hardware elements, the variety of which leads to significant costs when conducting a full-fledged analysis. This is also due to the fact that a large number of varieties of such elements are currently being developed and they, in turn, can have different effects on the materials used in the production of door panels, the fire-hazardous characteristics of which are known. As part of the development of a cost-effective approach to the study, a methodology has been developed that allows the analysis of small-sized samples. When testing the method, an analysis of the effect of the thickness of the fabric material and the area of the hardware element on fire resistance was carried out. It is thus fixed that the fittings are a refrigerant - they take on the heat passing through the door leaf material and divert it to the environment. Nevertheless, it has also been recorded that with small thicknesses of the structure and rapid heating of the material layer, it is possible to overheat it and reduce the efficiency of heat dissipation, which leads to a rapid decrease in fire resistance. In the case of placing fittings inside the fire door material, the heat removed is transferred to the outer unheated part of the door, thereby initiating its rapid warming up.fittings are a refrigerant - they take on heat and dissipate it into the environment, nevertheless, with small thicknesses of the structure and rapid heating of the material layer, it may overheat and reduce the efficiency of heat dissipation, and if the fittings are placed inside the fire door material, the heat is transferred to the outer unheated part of the door, thereby initiating its rapid heating. The developed method is a cost-effective option for studying the effect of fittings on the fire resistance of doors when choosing its component parts.

Text-to-Microstructure Generation Using Generative Deep Learning.

Designing novel materials is greatly dependent on understanding the design principles, physical mechanisms, and modeling methods of material microstructures, requiring experienced designers with expertise and several rounds of trial and error. Although recent advances in deep generative networks have enabled the inverse design of material microstructures, most studies involve property-conditional generation and focus on a specific type of structure, resulting in limited generation diversity and poor human-computer interaction. In this study, a pioneering text-to-microstructure deep generative network (Txt2Microstruct-Net) is proposed that enables the generation of 3D material microstructures directly from text prompts without additional optimization procedures. The Txt2Microstruct-Net model is trained on a large microstructure-caption paired dataset that is extensible using the algorithms provided. Moreover, the model is sufficiently flexible to generate different geometric representations, such as voxels and point clouds. The model's performance is also demonstrated in the inverse design of material microstructures and metamaterials. It has promising potential for interactive microstructure design when associated with large language models and could be a user-friendly tool for material design anddiscovery.

Bibliometric Analysis of Nitrogen Removal in Constructed Wetlands: Current Trends and Future Research Directions

Nitrogen pollution in water environments has reached critical levels globally, primarily stemming from agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, and untreated sewage. The excessive presence of nitrogen compounds poses a significant threat to water quality, leading to adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. Reaching a breakthrough in the technology of constructed wetlands (CWs) for mitigating nitrogen pollution is hindered by existing knowledge gaps regarding the mechanisms involved in the removal process. Reaching this understanding, we offer a comprehensive summary of current advancements and theories in this research field. Initially, bibliometric techniques were employed to identify yearly patterns in publications and areas of research focus. Subsequently, the chosen documents underwent statistical analysis using VOSviewer_1.6.20 to determine countries’ annual productivity, significant publication years, influential authors, keyword clustering analysis, and more. Finally, a comprehensive overview is provided on the elimination of nitrogen through CWs, encompassing insights into microbial communities and structure types. This analysis aims to uncover potential strategies for optimizing the rate of nitrogen removal. Furthermore, this study elucidates the current research trend concerning the nitrogen removal performance of CWs and identifies challenges and future research directions in this field.

Detection method for structural defects of U-shaped hanging ring for power fittings based on magnetic leakage principle

The U-shaped hanging ring of electric power fittings is usually installed outdoors and operates in harsh environments. Under the combined effect of the weight of the conductor and wind load, the bending part at the bottom of the U-shaped hanging ring often experiences wear and cracks due to friction contact, which can easily lead to accidents such as the detachment of transmission lines. Traditional methods for detecting structural defects in ferromagnetic materials, such as ultrasonic testing, eddy current testing, and manual testing, are affected by environmental factors, have a shallow measurement depth, and are difficult to quantify. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a measurement method for detecting structural defects in the U-shaped hanging ring of electric power fittings based on the principle of magnetic leakage. The magnetic leakage signal characteristics of U-shaped hanging ring defects under different excitation structural parameters and different defect types are analyzed. The method of arranging magnetic leakage signal measurement points is studied. The detection of defect parameters is achieved based on the characteristic quantity of the magnetic leakage signal under different defect conditions. Finally, the method is analyzed and verified through examples. The results show that this method can achieve quantitative detection of defect parameters in the U-shaped hanging ring under uniform structural defect and crack structural defect, and has the advantages of high measurement accuracy and small error. The research results of this paper can provide a scientific theoretical basis for the inspection and replacement of transmission line fittings in engineering, which is of great engineering significance for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

The Science of Vegetation with Reference to India

Pt. I Vegetation is the sum total of plant population covering a region and its descrete units circumscribed by characteristic environment, are communities. The species content is the flora. The physical and the biological surroundings characterise the environmental complex. Both plants and their environment are dynamic systems interacting within and with each other. The amplitude of variations in the environment is generally met with synchronised adaptive responses of the plants in time and space. Differentiation of ecads and ecotypes within the plastic species is the result. However, many forms and invaders may get eliminated also if the situation goes beyond their range of tolerance set by the genetic organisation as the factors may become critical at different stages of the life-cycle. The species around provide the genetic material for recruitment and ecesis within the community.pt. II Migration of species involving mobility of disseminules, their germination, aggregation, competition and final ecesis-ever continuing processes lead to colonisation and invasions. All these plant phenomena react upon the environment introducing changes therein. Thus newer community-environment-complex equilibria are set up in the dynamic system. The whole process is called, succession in relation to time and the series of succeeding communities for a given area, a sere. When it happens ‘de novo’ with no trace of plant present originally in the area, it is prisere as a result of primary succession and subsere with disturbed communities in which secondary succession is the rule. The mechanism of succession is driven by the reacting and changing environment consequential largely either to the plant processes themselves or to extraneous forces succession is autogenic in the former and allogenic in the latter case. In every case succession terminates into a more stable climax community generally dependant upon the climate and soil. The taxa used for classifying communities differ widely among ecologists but association is the basic unit accepted by all, though with varying concepts. The concept of ecosystem in relation to energy and matter within the community is the most acceptable basis for comprehending;vegetation types in India.Pt. III Since vegetation evolves out of the flora floristic regions of India should form the basis of its main divisions. For this purpose three main latitudinal belts viz. (1) Eastern and Western Himalayas, (2) Assam, Gangetic Plains and Rajasthan, and (3) Deccan and Malabar are recognised. The seven provinces with their distinct climate including photoperiod can be individually considered for the description of vegetation types along gradients of altitude, humidity-aridity, history and proximity of human settlements and soil fertility. Along these gradients closed, open and desert types of structure within forests, scrub and grass can be described with their combinations wherever necessary. Physiognomy, structure, function, composition, dynamics, habitat relations and history are the important diagnostic criteria of vegetation types. Size, texture and seasonal behaviour of leaves of dominant species may also be given. The hydrophytes can be described in each place as floating, suspended, submerged anchored, floating-leaved anchored and emergent anchored.

Encapsulation structure and in-situ embedding test and model study of a new type of road piezoelectric energy collector

In recent years, research on road piezoelectric energy harvesters (RPEH) has made great progress in the field of road vibration energy harvesting. However, the research on the packaging structure and embedding method of RPEH is not comprehensive. In this paper, a new type of transducer unit structure is developed, which can improve the electrical energy output compared with the drum piezoelectric transducer, and its waterproof performance of the transducer unit is tested under different water depth and duration. Then, a new RPEH package structure is made, and the output performance is compared with the three commonly used package structures in the current research, and the field construction of RPEH with different embedding methods is carried out on the actual road to evaluate the electrical energy output capacity of RPEH under different embedding methods, and the best construction method of RPEH is summarized through durability test. Finally, the three-dimensional simulation model of RPEH with different construction methods is established, and the stress and voltage are analyzed by finite element method to verify the best embedding method. The test results show that the piezoelectric output efficiency of the new transducer unit is increased by 38.9 %, and it still has good electrical energy output after 24 h immersion at a depth of 1.5 m, and its waterproof level reaches IPX8. Under larger excitation frequency and load, the indoor output of RPEH in the new package structure has better output performance in indoor test. The bolt-spring package is used to apply pre-pressure to RPEH, and the output efficiency of RPEH is improved. When the excitation conditions are 10 kN, 10 Hz, the output power is increased by 11.1 %, 127.3 % and 247.4 % compared with the other three package structures. The maximum power of RPEH is 3.41 W by placing concrete on the bottom surface of RPEH sponge washer and using asphalt as the pavement layer to ensure the durability of piezoelectric pavement. The finite element analysis illustrates the strain and voltage variation of piezoelectric pavement with different embedment modes, and the simulation results are consistent with the test results. The research results provide an important basis for the design of RPEH packaging structure and embedding method in road piezoelectric engineering.

Kinetic Relationships of the Adsorption of Lysozyme and Bovine Serum Albumin onto Zeolites of BEA and MFI Structural Types

Kinetic Relationships of the Adsorption of Lysozyme and Bovine Serum Albumin onto Zeolites of BEA and MFI Structural Types

“Come thou the spirits of village and locality, come thou the spirits of sons and daughters!”

Abstract This paper discusses the ritual language of Thadou-Kuki, a Tibeto-Burman language of the Kuki-Chin subgroup spoken in Northeastern India and the Chin State of Myanmar. The paper examines 13 ritual texts to determine the nature of language use and the types of structure that ritual language provides. The paper discusses the general belief surrounding the traditional religion as background information to the types of ritual language discussed in the paper. This is followed by a discussion on the structure of ritual language in terms of composition, grammatical constructions, and the choices of words used in the ritual language of Thadou-Kuki, including archaic expressions that are characteristic of ritual language. From the analysis of the ritual texts, the paper discusses the types of repetition at the level of syllables and paragraphs/stanzas. Each stanza is further divided into couplets of repetitive phrases (differing mostly in the initial words of a phrase or sentence). The paper divides the ritual language of Thadou-Kuki into two, namely invocation and direct address to the spirits. The former makes use of imperatives, namely the request –ô, the invitational –în, and the hortative –hèen. Direct address to the spirits, on the other hand, makes use of the declarative mood, namely, a clause or sentence-final marker –e.

Influence of Sustainable Grout Material on the Moisture Damage of Semi-flexible Pavement

Semi-flexible pavement (SFP), also known as grouted pavement, is a type of pavement structure consisting of a porous asphalt skeleton with air voids between 25 and 35% injected with cementitious grout materials. The special skeleton of SFP provided enhanced durability and resilience, making it a promising option for the construction of road surfaces in high-traffic areas and severe conditions. The main aim of the current research is to investigate the rutting behavior and moisture resilience of SFP-containing sustainable grout using ceramic waste powder (CWP). This research introduced the use of CWP as a replacement for conventional grout (cement) in SFP for the first time. CWP partially replaced cement at ratios of 15, 20, 30, 40, and 50% of the cement weight. Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) and Hamburg Wheel Tracking Tests (HWTT) were used to evaluate the performance of SFP to reduce the detrimental effect of moisture. The grout modified with CWP shows excellent results in the ITS and Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR), and all modified SFP mixtures give higher values in these tests compared with Control Mix (CM). In the HWTT, the minimum rut depth of the modified SFP was 2.8 mm and 3.10 mm. Compared to CM, rutting decreased by 73%–76% for CWP mixes with 20% and 30% replacement. This indicates the high fluidity of CWP, which enabled it to penetrate all voids in the porous pavement (PA) and form a dense microstructure due to its excellent pozzolanic interaction, making it a strong structure capable of bearing rutting.

Detecting the Core of a Network by the Centrality of the Nodes

Abstract Many networks exhibit the core/periphery structure. Core/periphery structure is a type of meso-scale structure that consists of densely connected core nodes and sparsely connected peripheral nodes. Core nodes tend to be well-connected both among themselves and to peripheral nodes which tend not to be well-connected to other nodes. In this brief report, we propose a new method to detect the core of a network by the centrality of each node. It is discovered that such nodes with the non-negative centrality often consist of the core of the networks. The simulation is carried out on the different real networks. And the results could be checked by the objective function. The checked results may show the effectiveness of the simulation results by the centralities of the nodes on the real networks. Furthermore, we discuss the characters of networks with the single core/periphery structure and point out the scope of the application of our method at the end of this report.

Low-temperature properties of magnetically frustrated rare-earth zirconates A 2Zr2O7

Rare-earth A 2Zr2O7 zirconates have attracted considerable attention of the scientific community for their complex magnetic, electronic and material properties applicable in modern technologies. The light rare-earth members of the series, crystallising in the pyrochlore variant of cubic crystal structure, have been studied in detail. The heavier A 2Zr2O7 compounds have been investigated mainly from the material properties viewpoint, focussing on their thermal properties and stability at high temperature and pressure. Low-temperature studies were mostly missing until recently. We present the low-temperature magnetic and thermodynamic properties of A 2Zr2O7 with A = Y, La, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Tm, Yb, and Lu, well covering the whole series, newly synthesised by high-temperature sintering and melting methods. X-ray diffraction reveals and confirms the ordered pyrochlore structure in the light members, the disordered cubic structure of the defect-fluorite type in A 2Zr2O7 with A = Y, Gd–Yb, and finally the lower symmetry rhombohedral structure in the end-member Lu2Zr2O7. The specific heat of the investigated compounds is dominated by a low-temperature anomaly associated with magnetic ordering: long-range in light rare-earth zirconates; and short-range in heavier members. The effective magnetic moment in the studied compounds, determined by fitting the magnetisation data to the Curie–Weiss formula, is in good agreement with the expected value of the A 3+ free ion. The magnetic properties have been revealed to be strongly influenced by the geometric frustration of the magnetic moments of both the pyrochlore structure, as well as the face centred cubic lattice created by the cations of the defect-fluorite structure, but connected also to intrinsic atomic disorder. The experimental results are discussed in the framework of previous studies on A 2Zr2O7 zirconates, as well as other A 2 B 2O7 compounds.

Investigation of design methodology for doubly-fed bearingless flux reversal motor

This article integrates the technology of bearingless motors with the basic theory of magnetic flux reverse motors, proposes a doubly fed bearingless magnetic flux reverse motor, and conducts research on its structural design, operating mechanism, electromagnetic performance analysis, mathematical model, control method, digital control system, and other aspects. The basic structure of a new type of doubly fed bearingless magnetic flux reverse motor is designed, and the principle of radial suspension force generation is studied. The performance related to torque and radial suspension force is analyzed. A mathematical model of torque and radial suspension force is established, including magnetic field distribution, no-load permanent magnet flux, and no-load back electromotive force. A doubly fed bearingless magnetic flux reverse motor system is designed and constructed, and inductance experiments are conducted.

Influence of support materials on the electroactive behavior, structure and gene expression of wild type and GSU1771-deficient mutant of Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilms.

Geobacter sulfurreducens DL1 is a metal-reducing dissimilatory bacterium frequently used to produce electricity in bioelectrochemical systems (BES). The biofilm formed on electrodes is one of the most important factors for efficient electron transfer; this is possible due to the production of type IV pili and c-type cytochromes that allow it to carry out extracellular electron transfer (EET) to final acceptors. In this study, we analyzed the biofilm formed on different support materials (glass, hematite (Fe2O3) on glass, fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) semiconductor glass, Fe2O3 on FTO, graphite, and stainless steel) by G. sulfurreducens DL1 (WT) and GSU1771-deficient strain mutant (Δgsu1771). GSU1771 is a transcriptional regulator that controls the expression of several genes involved in electron transfer. Different approaches and experimental tests were carried out with the biofilms grown on the different support materials including structure analysis by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), characterization of electrochemical activity, and quantification of relative gene expression by RT-qPCR. The gene expression of selected genes involved in EET was analyzed, observing an overexpression of pgcA, omcS, omcM, and omcF from Δgsu1771 biofilms compared to those from WT, also the overexpression of the epsH gene, which is involved in exopolysaccharide synthesis. Although we observed that for the Δgsu1771 mutant strain, the associated redox processes are similar to the WT strain, and more current is produced, we think that this could be associated with a higher relative expression of certain genes involved in EET and in the production of exopolysaccharides despite the chemical environment where the biofilm develops. This study supports that G. sulfurreducens is capable of adapting to the electrochemical environment where it grows.

Analysis of Deployable Cylindrical Space Bar Structures of Reciprocal Linkages with Frustoconical Ends

In this article, deployable cylindrical vaults of reciprocal linkages with frustoconical ends are analysed. Deployable cylindrical vaults with quadrangular scissors modules have low stiffness in the longitudinal direction, which requires the use of stiffening bars after deployment. The truncated cone-shaped ends improve their stiffness but do not prevent bracing. However, if reciprocal knots are used, the mesh performance improves considerably. This article studies the design conditions of these vaults and their resistance to gravity, wind suction and wind loads in the transverse and longitudinal directions. We also study the different resistance behaviour of the mesh, depending on whether the roof is supported on the upper or lower joints. In all cases, model tests are carried out to check the validity of the proposed solutions. Both theoretical calculations and experimental tests demonstrate the viability and effectiveness of this type of structure.

Mixed occupancy: the crystal structure of scheelite-type LiLu[MoO4]2

Coarse colorless single crystals of lithium lutetium bis[orthomolybdate(VI)], LiLu[MoO4]2, were obtained as a by-product from a reaction aimed at lithium derivatives of lutetium molybdate. The title compound crystallizes in the scheelite structure type (tetragonal, space group I41/a) with two formula units per unit cell. The Wyckoff position 4b (site symmetry \overline{4}) comprises a mixed occupancy of Li+ and Lu3+ cations in a 1:1 ratio. In comparison with a previous powder X-ray study [Cheng et al. (2015). Dalton Trans. 44, 18078–18089.] all atoms were refined with anisotropic displacement parameters.

Variation of terpene alkaloids in Daphniphyllum macropodum across plants and tissues.

Daphniphyllum macropodum produces alkaloids that are structurally complex with polycyclic, stereochemically rich carbon skeletons. Understanding how these compounds are formed by the plant may enable exploration of their biological function and bioactivities. We employed multiple metabolomics techniques, including a workflow to annotate compounds in the absence of standards, to compare alkaloid content across plants and tissues. Different alkaloid structural types were found to have distinct distributions between genotypes, between tissues and within tissues. Alkaloid structural types also showed different isotope labelling enrichments that matched their biosynthetic relationships. The work suggests that mevalonate derived 30-carbon alkaloids are formed in the phloem region before their conversion to 22-carbon alkaloids which accumulate in the epidermis. This sets the stage for further investigation into the biosynthetic pathway.

3D molecular structural modeling and characterization of indium phosphide via irregularity topological indices

Indium phosphide (InP) is a binary semiconductor composed of indium and phosphorus. It has a zinc blende crystal structure, which is a type of cubic lattice structure. This lattice is composed of indium and phosphorus atoms arranged in a lattice of cube-shaped cells, with each cell containing four indium atoms and four phosphorus atoms. This lattice structure is the same for all materials with a zinc blende crystal structure and is the most common type of lattice structure in semiconductors. Indium phosphide (InP) has several chemical applications. It is commonly used as a dopant in the production of semiconductors, where it helps control the electrical properties of the material. InP is also utilized in the synthesis various indium-containing compounds, which can have applications in catalysts and chemical reactions. Additionally, InP nanoparticles have been investigated for their potential use in biomedical imaging and drug delivery systems. The topological characterization of 3D molecular structures can be performed via graph theory. In graph theory, the connections between atoms are represented as edges and the atoms themselves are represented as nodes. Furthermore, graph theory can be used to calculate the topological descriptors of the molecule such as the degree-based and reverse degree-based irregularity toplogical indices. These descriptors can be used to compare the topology of different molecules. This paper deals with the modeling and topological characterization of indium phosphide (InP)\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$({\ ext{InP}})$$\\end{document} via degree-based and reverse irregularity indices. The 3D crystal structure of the InP is topologically modeled via partition of the edges, and derived closed form expressions for its irregularity indices. Our obtained results will be surely be helpful in investigating the QSPR/QSAR analysis as well as understanding the deep irregular behavior of the indium phosphide (InP)\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$({\ ext{InP}})$$\\end{document}.

СТРУКТУРНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ МОЛЕКУЛ СОЙМОРФИНОВ

The conformational capabilities of soymorphine-5 (Thr1-Pro2-Phe3-Val4-Val5-NH2), soymorphine-6 (Tyr1-Pro2-Phe3-Val4-Val5-Asn6-NH2) and soymorphine-7 (Tyr1- Pro2-Tyr3-Val4-Val5-Asn6-Ala7-NH2) molecules have been studied by the method of theoretical conformational analysis. The potential function of the system is chosen as the sum of non-valence, electrostatic and torsion interactions and the energy of hydrogen bonds. The low-energy conformations of soymorphine-5, soymorphine-6 and soymorphine-7 molecules were found, the dihedral angles of the main and side chains of amino acid residues that make up the molecule were found, and the energy of intra- and interresidual interactions was estimated. Thus, the spatial structure of soymorphine-5, soymorphine-6 and soymorphine-7 molecules can be represented by eight structural types. It can be assumed that the molecules perform their physiological functions in these structures. Comparison of the low-energy structures of soymorphins shows that in all molecules the first four low-energy conformations are representatives of the structural types efef, efee, efff, effe for soymorphine-5, effff, efeff, efffe, effee for soymorphine-6, efffff, efeffe, efffef, effeee for soymorphine-6. soymorphine-7. On the basis of these structures, it is possible to propose their artificial analogues for synthesis. It was shown that the spatial structure of soymorphine-5, soymorphine-6 and soymorphine-7 molecules is represented by the conformations of eight shapes of the peptide skeleton. The results obtained can be used to elucidate the structural and structural-functional organization of soymorphine molecules.