Types Of Wind Turbines Research Articles

Analysis of the Wind Turbine Selection for the Given Wind Conditions

The aim of the current paper is to present an approach to a wind turbine selection based on an annual wind measurements. The proposed approach led to a choice of an optimal device for the given wind conditions. The research was conducted for two potential wind farm locations, situated on the north of Poland. The wind measurements pointed out a suitability of the considered localizations for a wind farm development. Six types of wind turbines were investigated in each localization. The power of the wind turbines were in the range of 2.0 to 2.5 MW and with a medium size of the rotor being in the range of 82 to 100 m. The purpose of the research was to indicate a wind turbine with the lowest sensitivity to the variation of wind speed and simultaneously being most effective energetically. The Weibull density distribution was used in the analyses for three values of a shape coefficients k. The energy efficiency of the considered turbines were also assessed. In terms of the hourly distribution of the particular wind speeds, the most effective wind turbines were those with a nominal power of 2 MW, whereas the least effective were those with the nominal power of 2.3–2.5 MW. The novelty of the proposed approach is to analyze the productivity for many types of wind turbines in order to select the one which is the most effective energy producer. The analyses conducted in the paper allowed to indicate a wind turbine which generates the highest amount of energy independently on the wind speed variation.

Distributed generation in low-voltage DC systems by wind energy in the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico

Mexico's national electric grid comprises ten regional systems, with one isolated in the south of the Baja California Peninsula. In addition, providing electricity access remains a challenge in the country. Therefore, distributed renewable energy solutions are relevant to satisfy the electricity demand and promote grid development. Distributed renewable energy access (DREA) based on a wind energy conversion system integrated into low-voltage direct current (LVDC) networks is presented. The DREA is analysed and simulated under wind speed conditions measured and recorded for one year at Baja California Sur. A representative variability is applied to five type-4 wind turbines based on wind speed turbulence intensity analysis. The generated power is transferred through a bidirectional dual active bridge converter, controlled by a novel small-signal model using a single closed-loop proportional-integral control, owing to its modularity, power density, and ability to transfer power from LVDC to high-voltage direct current. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed DREA are assessed via a complete mathematical model, corroborated by the simulation results in MATLAB-Simulink®, and validated by experimental results using the real-time simulator Opal-RT Technologies® and laboratory prototyping. The results indicate a DC-link voltage compensation and integration of a power capacity of 150 kW in the LVDC networks with an efficiency of 94%.

Simulation of Opening Angle of Archimedes Wind Turbine Design Based on the Fibonacci Series

The configuration of new type of turbine is the Archimedes wind turbine with a spiral structure whose design is inspired by logarithmic spirals. This type of wind turbine uses lift and drag to harness the kinetic energy of the wind. The eccentric design has aerodynamic characteristics that have been the focus of previous research. The design is made from the arrangement of the Fibonacci sequence (1x1, 2x2, 3x3, 5x5, 8x8) or commonly known as the golden ratio. This study aims to analyze the coefficient of lift (CL) and coefficient of drag (CD) with variations opening angle of 35°, 45°, 65°, air fluid, turbulent flow, Re 1200, pressure distribution 1 atm, wind speed 5, 5 and 15 m/s. The results is at wind speed of 5.5 m/s, an angle of 35°, the CL value is 1.07E+02, the CD value is 4.02E+04. At wind speed of 5.5 m/s, an angle of 45°, the CL value is 1.08E+04, the CD value is 1.77E+01. At wind speed of 5.5 m/s, an angle of 65°, the CL value is 1.84E+06, the CD value is 3.68E+04. At wind speed of 15 m/s, an angle of 35°, the CL value is 2.20E+03, the CD value is 9.76E+02. At wind speed of 15 m/s, an angle of 45°, the CL value is 5.51E+04, the CD value is 4.12E+02. At wind speed of 15 m/s, an angle of 65°, the CL value is 5.96E+01, the CD value is 1.33E+03. Based on this, it can be concluded that at wind speed of 5.5 m/s the higher the opening angle, the higher CL produced. At wind speed of 15 m/s the larger the opening angle the CD increases. This is because the higher the angle, the more it receives sweeps or catches the wind. While the unstable value generated in this simulation is generally a weakness in the wind turbine design.

The Prospect of Combining a Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter with a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine

With recent advances in offshore floating wind and wave energy technology, questions have emerged as to whether the two technologies can be combined to reduce their overall levelised cost of energy. In this paper, the potential for combining a floating offshore wind turbine to a point absorbing wave energy converter is investigated. The focus of the investigation is how much power might be produced by a combined floating wind and wave energy converter system, and the resultant changes in motion of the floating wind platform. A model for the combined wave and wind system is developed which uses the standardised NREL OC3 5 MW spar type wind turbine and a cylindrical buoyant actuator (BA), which is attached to the spar via a generic wave power take-off system (modelled as a spring-damper system). Modelling is conducted in the frequency domain and the tests span a wide range of parameters, such as wave conditions, BA sizes, and power take-off coupling arrangements. It is found that the optimal (with respect to power production) BA size is a draft and radius of approximately 14 m. It is found that this BA can theoretically produce power in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 MW for waves with a significant wave height of 2 m, and has the potential to produce power greater or near to 1 MW for waves with a significant wave height of at least 3 m. However, it is also found that, in terms of the relative capture width, significantly smaller BAs are optimal, and that these smaller BA sizes less significantly alter the motion of the floating wind platform.

Effect of solidity on the dynamic behaviour of the Darrieus turbine with leading-edge protuberance

The dynamic behaviour of the straight–type Darrieus turbine with leading-edge protuberance (LEP) was analysed under various solidity ratios at several tip speed ratios through experiments. The Darrieus turbine is a type of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) which uses wind energy to generate electricity. This type of turbine was subjected to vortex-induced and buffeting types of vibrations. These vibrations were more sensitive to the number of blades and tip speed ratios. Based on the experimental measurements, the results revealed that, at a low tip speed ratio, the four-bladed turbine exhibits lesser vortex-induced vibrations than those of the three and five-bladed turbines. However, at a high tip speed ratio, the three-bladed configuration operates well against the vortex-induced vibrations. In the case of buffeting, a three-bladed turbine diminishes the dynamic oscillations at both low and high tip speed ratios, whereas the four and five-bladed turbines induce dynamic oscillations at slightly higher amplitudes. However, the amplitude of buffeting is smaller than those of vortex-induced vibrations.

Numerical study of using shape memory alloy-based tuned mass dampers to control seismic responses of wind turbine tower

This study proposes replacing the spring and dashpot elements in the conventional tuned mass damper (TMD) by shape memory alloy (SMA) wires to form an SMA-based TMD to control the seismic responses of wind turbine tower. An equivalent linearization method is adopted to optimize the initial stiffness of SMA-based TMD by minimizing the root mean square (RMS) displacement of the tower. To have an insight into the control performance of SMA-based TMDs, a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of a typical wind turbine tower is developed in ABAQUS, and tower responses without and with SMA-based TMDs when subjected to simulated and recorded ground motions are systematically analysed. For comparison, seismic responses of the tower controlled by the linear TMDs are also simulated. Numerical results show that the SMA-based TMDs can substantially mitigate seismic responses of the tower with almost the same reduction ratios as the linear TMDs, while the strokes of the SMA-based TMDs are much smaller than those of the linear TMDs. This merit makes the proposed method more practical compared to the conventional TMD-based method since the space in the nacelle and tower is normally very limited.

Design Of Horizontal Type Of Wind Turbine On A Highrise Building

In making a horizontal type wind turbine, of course, it is necessary to analyze it in depth, one of which is by predicting the production of wind energy produced by the wind turbine to estimate the wind power in the wind turbine which will later be applied. Wind energy sources that are commonly used are located in rural areas, fields and even there is such a large amount of energy that it is sometimes difficult to reach the power grid and other large areas including the roofs of high-rise buildings. There are many analytical models in wind energy estimation, one of which is often done by many researchers, namely by using the Weibull distribution method. From the measurement results that as many as 1516.37 kWh with a 1 kW wind turbine with a radius of 1 meter (capacity factor 30.09%). Modeling wind turbine blades with NACA 4412 using Qblade software to determine the torsional angle of the blade to be applied so that it is obtained that the torsion angle from the base and The tip of the blade has a tilt angle of 19.05? to 6.96° with a maximum Cp of 0.5 this is a pretty good value in designing wind turbine blades.

Total wave power absorption by a multi-float wave energy converter and a semi-submersible wind platform with a fast far field model for arrays

Wave energy converters absorb wave power by mechanical damping for conversion into electricity and multi-float systems may have high capture widths. The kinetic energy of the floats causes waves to be radiated, generating radiation damping. The total wave power absorbed is thus due to mechanical and radiation damping. A floating offshore wind turbine platform also responds dynamically and damping plates are generally employed on semi-submersible configurations to reduce motion, generating substantial drag which absorbs additional wave power. Total wave power absorption is analysed here by linear wave diffraction–radiation–drag models for a multi-float wave energy converter and an idealised wind turbine platform, with response and mechanical power in the wave energy case compared with wave basin experiments, including some directional spread wave cases, and accelerations compared in the wind platform case. The total power absorption defined by capture width is input into a far field array model with directional wave spreading. Wave power transmission due a typical wind turbine array is only reduced slightly (less than 5% for a 10 × 10 platform array) but may be reduced significantly by rows of wave energy converters (by up to about 50%).

Towards enhancing the wind energy potential at the built environment: Geometry effects of two adjacent buildings

Previous studies have revealed that orienting two buildings to create a diverging passage in-between, results in a high wind velocity region for mounting the wind turbines. In this study, geometry modifications are proposed to two adjacent buildings with a diverging passage in-between to enhance the available wind energy potential. The simulations are performed for two building heights at a constant diverging angle of 45°. Results showed that adding the properly designed segments can enhance the maximum over-speed ratio from 1.49 to 1.62 at H = 30 m and from 1.66 to 1.83 at H = 60 m. The effects of adding the segments are also analyzed in the presence of a typical wind turbine, the NREL Phase VI turbine, between the two buildings. It is found that for the incident wind velocities of 5–10 m/s, the average captured wind power will increase 8% and 22% for H = 30 m and H = 60 m, respectively (in comparison to the buildings without the added segments). In comparison with a bare wind turbine, the captured wind energy with the added segments shows an increment of 31% and 83% for H = 30 m and H = 60 m, respectively.

Structural optimal design and power generation characteristics of a bionic type nautilus vertical axis wind turbine

Nautilus vertical axis wind turbine is a new breed which is being designed and developed through bionics and geometry, this kind of wind turbine is not only novel in appearance, and stable in structure, but also has excellent aerodynamic performance. Based on this type of wind turbine, combined with its structural characteristics, this paper designed 20 prototypes by continuously adjusting the structural parameters of the spiral blades. The performance of these prototypes is compared by simulation, the optimal structure of this kind of wind turbine is selected. This optimized wind turbine has a strong ability to collect wind energy and can obtain higher wind energy utilization in a wider range of wind speed, the maximum wind energy utilization rate reaches 32.842%. Then the wake characteristics are analysed, the reasonable arrangement is designed. This paper also built an equal scale reduced version of the real object using a 3D printer, and assembles it with a small disc type electric machine to construct a vertical axis wind power generation apparatus. Finally, experiments are conducted in a real environment to analyse the rotational speed and voltage waveform of this apparatus under different operating conditions experimentally.

Design and Optimization of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines Using QBlade

Wind energy is considered one of the most important sources of renewable energy in the world, because it contributes to reducing the negative effects on the environment. The most important types of wind turbines are horizontal and vertical axis wind turbines. This work presents the full details of design for vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) and how to find the optimal values of necessary factors. Additionally, the results shed light on the efficiency and performance of the VAWT under different working conditions. It was taken into consideration the variety of surrounding environmental conditions (such as density and viscosity of fluid, number of elements of the blade, etc.) to simulate the working of vertical wind turbines under different working conditions. Furthermore, the effect of the design factors was investigated such as the number and size of the blades on the behavior and performance of VAWT. It was assumed that the vertical wind blade works in different sites of Iraq. QBlade software (Version 8) was used to achieve the calculations and optimization processes to obtain the optimal design of vertical axis wind turbines that is suitable for the promising sites. The results proved that accurate results can be obtained by using QBlade software.

Comparative investigation of the aerodynamic performance for several Shrouded Archimedes Spiral Wind Turbines

Wind energy is one of the most rapidly developing renewable energy technologies. Conventional turbines, which are commercially available in some cities, are designed to run at relatively high speeds to be sufficiently effective but not in the urban areas. A new type of horizontal axis wind turbine, namely, Archimedes Spiral Wind Turbine (ASWT) is designed for urban usage. The aerodynamic performance of the ASWT was examined using numerical analysis. To improve the possibility of wind power use within the range of low speeds, a wind lens has been used to enhance the efficiency of the ASWT to enhance the flow characteristics through the rotor blades. The current analysis focuses on design the best configuration of wind-lens that shrouding the ASWT. The current work investigates the wind-lens' design parameters, such as the diffuser length, diffuser angle, duct length, and flange height. Thus, to obtain the maximum performance output of the Shrouded Archimedes Spiral Wind Turbine (SASWT). The CFD results showed that shrouding the turbine increases the peak power coefficient and the mass flow rate through the rotor plane. The maximum power coefficient, CP obtained from the analysis for the best configuration of SASWT was 0.49 at TSR = 3. The maximum CP for SASWT increased by 2.1 times compared with the ASWT.

Rancang Bangun Blade Turbin Angin Jenis Taper Untuk Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Bayu Berskala Mikro

The ultization of renewable energy in Indonesian kept on doing as the increase of amount in energy electricity demand as well as environmentally friendly energy requerements, efficient and sustainable. This study aims to learn about the blade’s geometric shapes designed and crafted, as well as the blade’s performance. The study has bee succesfully designed and crafted as soon as tested by the blade’s for a low-scale wind turbine. The design blade’s geometry is a type of taper, is the Horizontal of Axis Wind Turbine type with airfoil NACA 6412. The blade was design with Qblade software and built with a manual engine. The method of data collection was the blade installed on the tower at 30 meters for three days. The energy generated on a daily basis that is the first day, the energy average production is 45,80 watts with an average wind speed of 4,54 m/s, the second day of 55,11 watts with and average wind speed of 5,23 m/s, and the third day of 72,27 watts with an average wind speed 5,14 m/s.Keywords:Airfoil, blade, energy, wind turbine

Coordinated control scheme of a hybrid renewable power system based on hydrogen energy storage

An all-weather energy management scheme for island DC microgrid based on hydrogen energy storage is proposed. A dynamic model of a large-scale wind–solar hybrid hydrogen-generation power generation system was established, using a quasi-proportional resonance (QPR). We used the distributed Nautilus vertical axis wind power generation system as the main output of the system, and it used the photovoltaic and hydrogen energy storage systems as alternative energy sources. Based on meeting the load power requirements and controlling the bus voltage stability, we can convert the excess energy of the microgrid to hydrogen energy. With a shortage of load power, we can convert the stored hydrogen into electrical energy for the load. Based on the ANSYS FLUENT software platform, the feasibility and superiority over large-scale distributed Nautilus vertical axis wind power generation systems are verified. Through the MATLAB/Simulink software platform, the effectiveness of the energy management method is verified. The results show that the large-scale distributed Nautilus vertical axis wind power generation system runs well in the energy system, produces stable torque, produces energy better than other types of wind turbines, and has less impact on the power grid. The energy management method can ensure the normal operation of the system 24 h a day under the premise of maintaining the stable operation of the electric hydrogen system without providing external energy.

Life Cycle Assessment of a Barge-Type Floating Wind Turbine and Comparison with Other Types of Wind Turbines

The intensive increase of global warming every year affects our world negatively and severely. The use of renewable energy sources has gained importance in reducing and eliminating the effect of global warming. To this end, new technologies are being developed to facilitate the use of these resources. One of these technological developments is the floating wind turbine. In order to evaluate the respective environmental footprint of these systems, a life cycle assessment (LCA) is herein applied. In this study, the environmental impact of floating wind turbines is investigated using a life cycle assessment approach and the results are compared with the respective ones of onshore and jacket offshore wind turbines of the same power capacity. The studied floating wind turbine has a square foundation that is open at its centre and is connected to the seabed with a synthetic fibre-nylon anchorage system. The environmental impact of all life cycles of such a structure, i.e., the manufacture, the operation, the disposal, and the recycling stages of the wind turbines, has been evaluated. For these floating wind turbines, it has been found that the greatest environmental impact corresponds to the manufacturing stage, whilst the global warming potential and the energy payback time of a 2 MW floating wind turbine of a barge-type platform is higher than that of the onshore, the jacket offshore (2 MW) and the floating (5 MW) wind turbines on a sway floating platform.

Greenhouse Gas Savings Potential under Repowering of Onshore Wind Turbines and Climate Change: A Case Study from Germany

Wind energy is crucial in German energy and climate strategies as it substitutes carbon-intensive fossil fuels and achieves substantial greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions. However, wind energy deployment currently faces several problems: low expansion rates, wind turbines at the end of their service life, or the end of remuneration. Repowering is a vital strategy to overcome these problems. This study investigates future annual GHG payback times and emission savings of repowered wind turbines. In total, 96 repowering scenarios covering a broad range of climatological, technical, economic, and political factors affecting wind energy output in 2025–2049 were studied. The results indicate that due to more giant wind turbines and geographical restrictions, the amount of repowerable sites is reduced significantly. Consequently, in most scenarios, emission savings will dramatically diminish compared to current savings. Even in the best-case scenario, the highest emission savings’ growth is at 11%. The most meaningful drivers of GHG payback time and emission savings are wind turbine type, geographical restrictions, and GHG emissions. In contrast, climate change impact on the wind resource is only marginal. Although repowering alone is insufficient for achieving climate targets, it is a substantial part of the wind energy strategy. It could be improved by the synergies of different measures presented in this study. The results emphasize that a massive expansion of wind energy is required to establish it as a cornerstone of the future energy mix.

An Analysis of Wind Power Generation on the Electric Transmission System of Southern Vietnam

Renewable energy is an emerging candidate in power generation for the compensation of the exhausted fossil fuel, in which wind energy plays an important role. However, how wind farms impact existing power systems has still been a subject on which many researchers are studying. This study has analyzed and evaluated the four wind farms consisting of Ca-Mau (300 MW), Bac-Lieu (99 MW), Soc-Trang (100 MW) and Tra-Vinh (33 MW) located in Southern Vietnam via using the commercial package, WAsP software. Ca-Mau wind farm has the highest planned rated capacity with 51.7% among the wind farms. Each wind farm is built from three different types of wind turbines (1 MW, 2 MW and 3 MW). The estimation has shown that all of the wind farms could produce 2,265 GWh annually, and the 3-MW wind turbines are the most efficient and give the smallest losses for producing wind energy. The wind farms, with respect to environmentally friendly aspects, could avoid 978,544 tCO2 emitted to the environment annually. Additionally, the ETAP program has also been applied to simulate the effects of the proposed wind farms on the national power system including the disturbances from wind speeds, three-phase bus faults, tripping off wind farms and three-phase line faults on the power system. The results show that the wind farms are only slightly impacted.

The Investigation of Savonius Type and Darrieus H Type Wind Turbine Simulation with Wind Speed Variable

The demand for electrical energy that continues to increase along with the advancement of civilization and also the increasing number of people as well as the reduced level of fulfillment and availability of non-renewable energy sources, it is necessary to have renewable energy resources that capable of fulfill these energy demand in a more environmental friendly. One of the natural energies that we can use is wind energy, which is easy to get and lasts continuously. This research examines the comparison of the power generated from the vertical axis wind turbine savonius type and darrieus H type. The wind that use in this research get from from the fan. The test is doing by varying the wind speed by adjusting the fan speed. The fan is directed to the wind turbine to rotate the wind turbine. To measure the wind speed produced by the fan, a digital anemometer is used. The result of this research is the relation data of voltage to rpm and voltage to wind speed of wind turbine.

Simulation and Performance Test Giromill Type Wind Turbine; Case Study Muara Enim, South Sumatra, Indonesia

This research examines the dynamic load resistance of the Giromill type wind turbine to the variable wind speed, which is converted to the value of the force received by the wind turbine blades. The analysis was carried out numerically using Autodesk Inventor Professional 2019 software. The variations in wind speed used were 2.5 m/s with a force value of 0.195 N for the Giromill turbine, at a speed of 3.5 m/s with a force value of 0.274 N, at 4.5 m /s with a Force value of 0.352 N and a wind speed of 5.5 m/s with a force rating of 0.430 N. From the simulation results using the Autodesk Inventor Pro 2019 software, the effect of gravitational force is greater than the wind force in, so stress analysis is mainly caused by gravity while the wind force has no significant impact. The simulation results also have a characteristic that the higher the wind speed, the lower the stress value. In addition to the dynamic load simulation, the author also tries to implement the Giromill wind turbines in Muara Enim district, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The wind turbine blade rotation will be faster, and the Wind Generator will produce a greater voltage if it is supported by sufficient wind speed.

Analisa Pengaruh Perbedaan Winding terhadap Back EMF dan Ke pada PMSG 18s16p

Electrical energy depends on the non-renewable natural resources which depletion all year. It has been a reason to run the research about renewable energy. In terms of renewable energy, wind power, has various types of wind turbines which able to produce quality new renewable electrical energy. The problems should be assessed was how to wind a coil or winding in a generator needs. It was important to result a good quality wind turbine. From this study, there are 2 winding options on the PMSG 18s16p which have same winding direction for each coil with average tension. This winding obtained about 4.188 V. The second option was the winding which has an average voltage value of 4.762 V but the windings stand in the opposite direction for some coils. It should been considered by an engineer if the use of generator to produce a larger output. On the other hand, to make easier manufacturing, the next study must sacrifice the resulting output.