Turnkey Project Research Articles

The intrinsic problems in EQ damage prognosis: the experience from a systematic evaluation of L’Aquila databases and different levels of data availability

AbstractWithin the European TURNkey project, a knowledge-based exposure-modelling framework was developed, enabling the consideration of different levels of investigation and data availability. In particular, the proposed framework recognizes various levels and origins of uncertainties, as well as the completeness of a building stock catalogue. Despite substantial efforts, the main question still needs to be answered: How reliable can the developed tools and instruments be if they are not tested and validated by actual events? The L’Aquila 2009 earthquake has been the subject of several analytical strategies to enrich earthquake engineering knowledge. In this study, the information provided by the Italian Observed Damage Database is analyzed, explicitly focusing on the seismic sequence of the L’Aquila 2009 earthquake within the delimited area of the city’s historical center. A second dataset, where the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS-98) was used as a reference, is integrated into the study, and the results are compared. A methodology is implemented for a systematically evaluating the database based on the EMS-98. From the data analysis, a proposal is made to define a comparable EMS-98 building typology and to assign vulnerability classes considering optimistic, pessimistic and most likely criteria. The reliability of the sample is then explored using the knowledge-based exposure modelling framework established by the TURNkey Project. Accuracy is then evaluated through an empirical inspection of frontal (lateral) views available in Google Street View (2022). Images before and after the event are collected and compared with the available data. Intrinsic problems encountered during the process are then listed and discussed, particularly regarding the use of the database, the joint between the studied datasets, and the post-processing required to use the data for damage prognosis. This paper intends to demonstrate how reliable datasets for the building stock, including structural types and corresponding vulnerability classes, can be elaborated. Not least, exposure modelling has to transform the available data into a descriptive form that can be linked directly with the Fragility or Vulnerability Functions, expecting that these assignments are the best suited or representative ones. The data layers provided by the study enable the testing and training of exposure modelling techniques for the selected event and target region.

Analysis of Causes of Delays and Cost Overruns as Well as Mitigation Measures to Improve Profitability and Sustainability in Turnkey Industrial Projects

Delays and cost overruns in turnkey projects can lead to significant economic losses, disputes and even project abandonment. These facts negatively impact the environmental, social and governance (ESG) policies of companies involved in the project. In this paper, a bibliographic review was conducted to identify the leading causes of delays and cost overruns in turnkey industrial projects in the refining, gas and conventional electricity generation (RGE) sector and propose good practices to avoid or mitigate them. We identified 893 causes of delays and cost overruns and 147 mitigation measures. The causes and mitigation measures were grouped into eight categories based on the execution phases of an RGE project. A critical analysis was carried out to avoid duplication, and the result was evaluated by experts in turnkey project management, reducing the causes and mitigation measures to a final set of 103 and 49, respectively. The construction category showed the most significant influence on project delays and cost overruns, and this, together with the preliminary phase and project management categories, contributed to 60% of the identified causes. The findings of this study can help project managers improve the profitability of turnkey industrial projects, promoting innovation and sustainability within companies and society.

Development of a new tool for seismic risk assessment and multi-criteria decision making

The present paper introduces a new risk-informed based tool that can support disaster management authorities in making decisions in response to earthquakes at local and regional scales by using estimated physical and socio-economic losses. The risk-informed based tool is building upon existing risk assessment methods, and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodology. The integrated risk assessment methods are adapted from the earthquake loss estimation tool SELENA. The integrated MCDM methodology, allowing selection of optimal mitigation measures by taking into account the priorities and preferences of disaster management authorities, was developed within the EU Horizon 2020 TURNkey project [1]. The new tool presented in this study also allows easy integration and incorporation of existing database and models that can be openly available. The tool is characterized with user-friendly interface and flexible format of the input and output data, that can be easily understood by different actors in disaster risk management.

Improving organisational resilience: the TURNkey project

Facilities managers have a key role to play in improving organisational resilience to disaster events. However, there is currently limited support available to help them understand and systematically manage related issues. At the strategic level, they need to understand the physical, operational, and organisational risks associated with individual and cascading events. At the operational level, they need to develop mitigation interventions to reduce and manage these risks. This paper discusses results from the TURNkey project, which developed a forecasting, early warning and consequence response platform to assist decision-makers prepare for, respond to and recover from a potential earthquake event. It looks at this disaster management platform through the lens of business, outlining the opportunities and challenges facilities managers face when using it to manage organisational resilience. First, the paper presents an overview of the TURNkey platform and describes a series of end-user use cases that were developed to identify the key business issues the platform needed to address. The paper then reports the results of a hypothetical case study undertaken as part of a regional earthquake simulation to show how the outputs from the TURNkey FWCR platform can be integrated into existing resilience plans. The paper concludes by highlighting outstanding integration issues and the role that facilities managers can play in helping resolve them. Although the paper draws on evidence from earthquake disasters, its findings and conclusions are generic, and applicable to any disaster event.

Penser et nommer l’inclusion : un horizon pour questionner les pratiques professionnelles dans le champ muséal

As a national observatory and think tank on museums and heritage, the Office for Museum Cooperation and Information (OCIM) has for forty years conducted national, territorial and thematic surveys on the development of museums, heritage, and scientific, technical and industrial culture (PCSTI). It is dedicated to understanding how institutional and professional practices evolve and what are the new and emerging trends in the field, and to supporting museum professionals and institutions in developing their projects and missions. This article presents the first results of the surveys “Approches sociales et inclusives des musées et des lieux de culture scientifique” (Social and inclusive approaches to museums and scientific cultural spaces) (2020, n =74) and “Chiffres clés des acteurs du PCSTI” (Key statistics in the field of PCSTI) (2021, data 2020 – n = 196), both intended to show how public engagement is an integral part of professional practices in mediation in the field of PCSTI in France. The two surveys reveal different ways in which inclusion and participation are embodied in the museum context, with their strengths and limitations. The article reflects on the place of ideas such as inclusion in the design of public engagement programs and strategies and how in recent years the vocabulary has evolved from using expressions like “facing the publics” or “for the publics” to the more inclusive “with the publics.” Who do we include under the umbrella expression “with the publics”? What methods can be used –whether new or not– to encourage public participation and inclusion in museums? How do these methods impact on professional mediation practices, exhibition design, management, and more generally museum thinking? Participatory museum, inclusive museum, citizen museum, museum as forum: what are the possible developments? This article provides insight on the relationship between the museum and the public, their roles and levels of engagement; whether the hope of “being inclusive” or “more inclusive” not as a turnkey project but very much as the spark that ignites a gradual shift with lasting impacts.

Facilities management and earthquake risk reduction: The TURNkey project

Reducing vulnerability and improving resilience of the existing built environment to disaster events is a complex multidisciplinary challenge in which facilities managers need to contribute an understanding of the impact that a disaster event could have on both their hard and soft facilities. Facilities managers also need to identify potential operational, physical and corporate adaptations/mitigations that can support continued business function during and after a disaster event. This paper describes work in progress to develop an earthquake forecasting, early warning and rapid response system that business and critical infrastructure organisations can use as part disaster risk reduction and business continuity planning. Focusing on theory and methods, the paper considers the different aspects of resilience from a facilities management perspective and presents findings from a participatory action research programme that developed a series of use-cases to explore the potential impact of earthquake forecasting, early warning and rapid response on an organisation’s vulnerability and resilience to an earthquake; and identifying physical, operational and organisational mitigation interventions that can reduce an organisation’s disaster risk. The paper concludes the need for facilities managers to understand the different aspects of resilience and to apply the most appropriate to their hard and soft facilities management systems.

Industry 4.0-Oriented Turnkey Project: Rapid Configuration and Intelligent Operation of Manufacturing Systems

More extensive personalized product requirements and shorter product life cycles have put forward higher requirements for the rapid establishment, commissioning, and operation of corresponding manufacturing systems. However, the traditional manufacturing system development process is complicated, resulting in a longer delivery time. Many manufacturing enterprises, especially small and micro enterprises, may not have the necessary manufacturing knowledge or capabilities to meet these requirements. Therefore, it is essential to promote the construction of turnkey projects under the paradigm of Industry 4.0, parallelizing and integrating the existing manufacturing system development process based on mass manufacturing equipment to quickly provide turnkey solutions for manufacturing systems’ configuration and implementation for these enterprises. This paper aims to extract and refine the configuration and operation key views of the Industry 4.0-oriented Turnkey Project (I4TP) from Reference Architecture Model Industrie 4.0 (RAMI4.0) and use it to guide the development of key functional processes of turnkey projects to achieve rapid configuration and efficient operation management of manufacturing systems. The turnkey project platform in the Advanced Manufacturing Technology Center (AMTC) is taken as a demonstration case to provide a reference idea for the rapid configuration and intelligent operation of the turnkey manufacturing system.

Architecture, operation, and implementation for Blockchain-driven turnkey project under I4.0 workshop based on RAMI 4.0

As the turnkey project adheres to the concept of one-stop delivery, it puts forward higher requirements for rapid construction of manufacturing systems. During the implementation of the turnkey project in the I4.0 workshop, there is a lack of unified construction and delivery standards under the system configuration framework that meets information security. Therefore, according to the I4.0 manufacturing requirements of node scalability, trusted delivery and standard information modeling in the turnkey process, the paper proposes a reference information architecture of blockchain-driven turnkey project to establish a turnkey service system with AAS as the delivery core: (1) Take RAMI4.0 and I4.0 component as the engineering construction framework and supporting technology, by analyzing the bottleneck of blockchain in solving the I4.0 workshop, integrating the open blockchain architecture interoperability characteristics of BC-Based smart contract and Tangle-Based extensible IIoT-node, and establish complete solution to turnkey project information architecture under the I4.0 workshop; (2) Combined with the current turnkey project, this paper proposes and studies the AAS modeling method supporting blockchain verification and the delivery constraint mechanism based on smart contract, and designs the blockchain-based architecture, operation and implementation process with AAS as the delivery core; (3) Through the development and integration of key technologies, an experimental development and operation case of the turnkey project of the I4.0 workshop customized production line is given, which provides theoretical and technical references for more SMEs to quickly integrate into the turnkey project system.

Economizing Socialist Aid: China's Failed Surgical Plant in Algeria, 1973-80.

China is currently a source of technology for the developing world, yet little is known about its transfer of modern technologies before the 1980s liberalization. This article excavates a failed surgical turn-key project that China planned in the mid-1970s at Médéa in state socialist Algeria. The case of South-South collaboration analyzes how three principles-simplification, economization, and improvement of labor efficiency-dominated the negotiations and design process. The Chinese aspired to transfer technology suiting Algeria, but were restricted by capital input, technological capacity, and the pragmatism of convenience, as well as a distorted vision of Algerians' needs. This article puts Chinese industrial aid into perspective within the history of appropriate technology, examining the asymmetries in perceptions, interests, and priorities that sank this early attempt at South-South cooperation. By uncovering the often-neglected perspective of Chinese aid technocrats, it also breaks the stereotype of Maoist China ignoring cost effectiveness in its foreign aid.

Architecture, Operation and Implementation for Blockchain-Driven Turnkey Project Under I4.0 Workshop Based on Rami 4.0

Architecture, Operation and Implementation for Blockchain-Driven Turnkey Project Under I4.0 Workshop Based on Rami 4.0

Analisis Dampak Penanaman Modal Asing Dan Tenaga Kerja Asing Tiongkok terhadap Perekonomian Indonesia

This study will discuss the influence of the influx of foreign investment and Chinese foreign workers on the Indonesian economy, where cooperation between the two countries uses a turnkey project scheme. This study uses secondary data with time-series data types and is sourced from the Central Statistics Agency, the Investment Coordinating Board, and the Ministry of Manpower for the 2010-2019 period. The method used in this research is quantitative and statistical descriptive using multiple linear regression or OLS (Ordinary Least Square). The study results show a positive influence of Chinese foreign investment on the Indonesian economy and Chinese foreign workers who positively impact the Indonesian economy. Although both are below 1 percent, the percentage of Chinese foreign workers' influence on the Indonesian economy is greater than that of Chinese foreign investment.

China’s Asymmetric Warfare in Indonesia: The Case of Turnkey Project Management

This article aims to shed light on China’s asymmetric warfare in Indonesia through the Turnkey Project Management (TPM) scheme. TPM is an employment contract to carry out Chinese investment with a one-package system starting from funding with the preferential buyer’s credit system, materials and machines, experts, and workers, are emanated from China. This study employed qualitative research and used a research library to collect data. It found that TPM is an integral part of China’s foreign policy to pursue its national interests. China also relies more on its state-owned enterprises and private companies (non-state actors), thereby minimizing the state’s role. Indonesia suffered from losses more than it gains from the win, implying this scenario is more of a zero-sum game. The foreign workers from China have also caused social problems in Indonesia, such as cybercrime and the smuggling of methamphetamine. The results of this study include recommendations for enabling Indonesian workers to adapt to foreign technology regarding a transfer of knowledge; strengthening regulations that meet environmental standards, human rights, and good corporate governance in terms of foreign investment; and not to make the regulation easier for allowing Chinese workers.
 
 KEYWORDS
 Asymmetric Warfare; China; Indonesia; Turnkey

China’s investments in renewable energy in Africa: Creating co-benefits or just cashing-in?

• China is increasingly involved in renewable energy deployment in sub-Saharan Africa. • Unique Chinese model of renewable energy infrastructure provision exists. • Only bounded local economic co-benefits can be identified in three detailed project-level case studies. • Policymakers should be cautions of overly optimistic expectations of co-benefits. • Implementation of carefully designed policies can potentially increase local economic co-benefits. Investments in renewable energy are increasing rapidly in sub-Saharan Africa. The overall purpose of this paper is to explore to what extent and under what conditions these investments are producing economic co-benefits in terms of spillovers and linkage development effects. One peculiarity of Africa’s renewable-energy sector is the rapid increase and likely future growth of Chinese involvement in large-scale renewable-energy infrastructure projects. Insights from other infrastructure, utility and resource-extraction sectors in sub-Saharan Africa suggest that China is pursuing a specific Chinese model of investments characterised by enclave characteristics and including finance, turnkey project development and the importation of labour and equipment from China. Hence our focus in this paper is to determine to what extent economic co-benefits are created when renewable-energy projects are developed by Chinese investors. To do this, we undertake an in-depth analysis of three Chinese renewable-energy investment projects in hydro, wind and solar PV, based on primary data. Overall, we find evidence of ‘bounded benefits’. On the one hand, we can identify some newly created jobs, linkages generated with actors in local systems of production and training activities involving local staff. On the other hand, the extent of these benefits is very limited. Overall, the results suggest that policymakers should be wary of overly optimistic expectations when it comes to assessing the co-benefits of renewable energy projects in the context of scarce pre-existing capabilities. However, the adoption of pro-active strategies and the implementation of carefully designed policies can increase the local economic co-benefits.

The “TRUAA” Seismic Network: Upgrading the Israel Seismic Network—Toward National Earthquake Early Warning System

Abstract Following the recommendations of an international committee (Allen et al., 2012), since October 2017, the Israeli Seismic Network has been undergoing significant upgrades, with 120 stations being added or upgraded throughout the country and the addition of two new datacenters. These enhancements are the backbone of the TRUAA project, assigned to the Geological Survey of Israel (GSI) by the Israeli Government, to provide earthquake early warning (EEW) capabilities for the state of Israel. The GSI contracted Nanometrics (NMX), supported by Motorola Solutions Israel, to deliver these upgrades through a turnkey project, including detailed design, equipment supply, and deployment of the network and two datacenters. The TRUAA network was designed and tailored by the GSI, in collaboration with the NMX project team, specifically to achieve efficient and robust EEW. Several significant features comprise the pillars of this network:Coverage: Station distribution has high density (5–10 km spacing) along the two main fault systems—the Dead Sea Fault and the Carmel Fault System;Instrumentation: High-quality strong-motion accelerometers and broadband seismometers with modern three-channel and six-channel dataloggers sampling at 200 samples per second;Low latency acquisition: Data are encapsulated in small packets (<1 s), with primary routing via high-speed, high-capacity telemetry links (<1 s latency);Robustness: High level of redundancy throughout the system design:Dual active-active redundant acquisition routes from each station, each utilizing multicast streaming over an IP security Virtual Private Network tunnel, via independent high-bandwidth telemetry systemsTwo active-active independent geographically separate datacentersDual active-active redundant independent automatic seismic processing tool chains within each datacenter, implemented in a high availability protected virtual environment. At this time, both datacenters and over 100 stations are operational. The system is currently being commissioned, with initial early warning operation targeted for early 2021.

Introduction of 35 kV km Level Domestic Second Generation High Temperature Superconducting Power Cable Project in Shanghai, China

This paper introduces the basic situation of the 35-kV domestic high temperature superconducting (HTS) power cable project in Shanghai. The target of this project is to construct and put into operation the first 35-kV km level three-phase turn-key HTS power cable project in the world. The cable transmission capacity, cable routing selection, cable structure design, cooling system configuration, etc. of the project are introduced. The project is implemented by the State Grid Corporation Shanghai Electric Power Company. A 35-kV, 1.2-km-long 220-kV inter-substation connecting HTS cable line will be constructed in the core urban area of Shanghai. So far, the type test of the HTS power cable system has been completed, and the construction of the project has begun. The project is expected to be completed and put into operation in the second half of 2020.

Taxation of Income from a Composite Contract for a Turnkey Project

In this article, the author reviews the legal provisions and landmark court decisions relating to the taxation of income from a composite contract entered into by a foreign company. He delineates the uncertainties surrounding the tax liability from such projects, which is the subject of much litigation. He concludes that a foreign company’s tax liability arising from the offshore supply and offshore services component of the composite contract is fairly settled, provided that the contractual documents are carefully drafted.

The Turnkey Project Principle of Ship Workers Protection

This study aims to determine the principle of the implementation of the turnkey project in order to protect ship workers in Indonesia. Another goal is to find out about legal protection arrangements for ship workers in the context of labor law in Indonesia. The turnkey project as one of the means in conducting the knowledge transfer model as an Indonesian labor protection facility is one of the objectives of the utilization of foreign workers in Indonesia. The turnkey project aims to enable Indonesian workers to absorb certain information and expertise from foreign workers who have certain professional expertise. This does not mean that the domestic workforce lacks expertise but because of the limited knowledge of the latest technology from the domestic workforce. The research found turnkey project does not provide protection to the workforce on the ship who is an Indonesian citizen. The principle of Turnkey Project implementation actually intends to protect workers who do not have maximum skill in the implementation of duties as a worker on board. In practice, however, the Government of Indonesia have an instrument to guide the implementation of ship manpower protection. This arrangement is through labor-related regulations, Indonesian law number 13 of 2013. The provisions of the internationally regulated general provisions relating to employment on ships are more dominant than those established by the Indonesian government.

Full Packaged Learning Solutions for Studying Mathematics at School

The speed of modern changes in the system of teaching reflects an unprecedented accelerated renewal of means, forms and methods of teaching. Today, it is very important to test new learning solutions that reduce teachers’ time on organization of students’ educational activities. The idea of solving this problem is to combine the theory and practice of taking managerial actions and pedagogy in order to identify the type of learning solutions that reduce teachers’ time, in particular teachers of mathematics, to prepare for classes. Thus, the purpose of the article is to justify full packaged learning solutions as an effective means of reducing the time spent on organizing the educational activities of schoolchildren. The authors of the article have determined the full packaged product as a package of program-methodical and subject-developing support that can be used by consumers of educational services (children, parents, teachers, administrators, employers) for independent use (a turn-key project). The leading methods of research are monitoring the organizational activities of teachers during math lessons, talking to teachers, analyzing methodical work and teachers’ profiles, modeling and statistical processing of research results. As a result of the 2016-2017 experiment, where 21 teachers of mathematics took part, the authors of the article have defined types of learning solutions for mathematics teachers (adjustable, integrated and packaged); have described the stages of development and phases of creating a full packaged learning solution. Evaluation of the effectiveness of using full packaged product allowed to make a conclusion about an average decrease of time costs by 22% while preparing for classes. The theoretical significance of the article is due to the contribution to the development of scientific ideas about the means of methodical support for teachers of mathematics. The practical use of the proposed methods allows to organize a step-by-step transition from the development of adjustable solutions to full packaged learning solutions for studying school mathematics that contribute to reducing teachers’ time spent on the organization of educational activities of students. The value of the full packaged product is justified with the help of a “project triangle”, which connects key parameters for assessing the effectiveness of providing methodical support to mathematics teachers: the amount of work, time and costs. Changing the value of one parameter leads to changes of the values of others. Full packaged product allows to balance these parameters and achieve the planned educational result.

Benefits of Turnkey Project in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a country of potentialities. Power plays a vital role in the economic development of the country. So the economic development is not possible without power development. No exclusive research work has been so far study. Hope that the country will be benefited with its development. Uninterrupted, safe and adequate power supply is a pre- requisite for the development of the country. Presently, to overcome the capacity limitations of generation, transmission and distribution sector, different programs have been taken. To address these issues, Tongi 80 MW Gas Turbine Power Station has been installed. This power station will not only play an important role to meet the demand but it will also contribute significantly in reducing overloading of Tongi Grid sub station, low voltage problem of the adjacent areas, technical losses of the system and will ensure quality power supply in the capital city.

Ch’ulel Mendoza, the spa with a difference: a case study of new product development in the wellness industry

Subject area Hospitality and Tourism. Study level/applicability Senior undergraduate level and graduate level. Case overview This case study charts out the development of a business plan for Ch’ulel Mendoza, a hypothetical all-villa resort nestled against the Andes Mountains, where guests enjoy luxurious wine-infused spa treatments. The business plan has to be comprehensive because it should become the basis of a turnkey project for potential investors. Ch’ulel Mendoza is surrounded by the lush vineyards of some of the most famous wine estates in Argentina. The spa, facilities and services pay homage to the wine-growing heritage of the region, promoting wine to its guests as both pleasurable for consumption and conducive to healthy living. The architectural design speaks directly to the vines themselves: the earth-covered spa is where guests soak up the healing nutrients in the vinotherapy and water treatments, much like the roots are nourished by the elements and water in the soil; the resort area embraces the outdoors with decks, open patios and pools where guests can bask in the sun and enjoy other natural elements, just like the grape plants themselves. Once it becomes operational, Ch’ulel Mendoza will symbolize a blend of wellness, recreation and the charm of the Latin American culture. Expected learning outcomes Develop a comprehensive business plan for a new business, understand the business environment, prepare a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and weaknesses analysis, develop functional (marketing, finance, human resources, operations, etc.) plans and understand the opportunities and challenges in the new product development process. Subject code CSS: 12: Tourism and Hospitality.