In this article, urban planning decisions in Birgi and Bergama’s first city plans at Early Turkish Republican Period are evaluated in the context of conservation and sustainability of urban identity. Moreover, the changes in planning practice from that time to these days is analyzed though the subject of “spatial conservation”. Birgi and Bergama’s First Spatial Plans were finished in 1940’s. At these times “The Conservation Laws” were not legalized and “Spatial Conservation Consciousness” was not understood decently in Turkey. Yet, these planning practices had much more “urban conservative” issues compared to the current planning practices, shaped by liberal policies, global capital and land speculations. Through this research, it is aimed to open a discussion about Early Turkish Republican Period’s consciousness on urban conservation and make some contributions to the conservation planning practices of current historical, cultural and archeological Turkish cities. The methodology of this article is defined by the literature survey in both printed and internet sources, interviews with Birgi and Bergama local authorities and archive research in Iller Bank archives in order to achieve the objectives of this research.