Triangulation Of Data Sources Research Articles

The Power of Small Talk Discourse as Mitigating Conflict in Different Religious Communities in Ntaram

Objective: This research analyzes explicitly the tiny talk (fatik) discourse used by the Ntaram (Manggarai) Flores community as a verbal force to mitigate conflict in plural communities (different religions) in Ntaram, Manggarai-Flores. Method: This research chooses qualitative (interpretive) because the data collected and analyzed is in words, phrases, clauses, or sentences. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with informants, which were determined purposively. In addition, the observation method is used to observe the daily communication of the plural community in Ntaram. Data were validated through (1) data source triangulation and method triangulation. (2) Checking validity through Focus Group Discussions involving key sources. Results and Discussion: Small talk (fatik) in communicating between people of different religions in Ntaram: (1) Small talk in the form of greetings. Ntaram people call "ite" which means we (first person plural personal pronoun). The word addresses the speech partner (second person personal pronoun). (2) Small talk in the context of greetings, such as nia ngaok, which means "noisy." These pleasantries explain sociologically that the social behavior of the Ntaram people is cheerful and happy to accept anyone. (3) Typical terms of respect related to religion are ata sili mai wae and ata le mai tana golo. Ata silimai wae means people who come from the coast or riverbanks. (4) Ethics of Interrupting Conversations. Ntaram people have small talk about interrupting conversations ethically through small talk such as eta ulu keta ite and no ramping dite. Eta ulu keta means that I uphold your opinion above my head. These four types of pleasantries are most productively used in the context of building brotherhood amidst religious and ethnic differences in Ntaram. Recommendations: The research findings recommend that (1) it is necessary to revitalize the small talk discourse in Ntaram in the form of content taught in schools. Thus, endemic inheritance is carried out well. (2) further research is needed regarding the antecedent factors that influence the harmony of multiethnic society in Ntaram. (3) Research in other areas must reveal how multicultural societies mitigate social conflict through small talk.

Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Dalam Meningkatkan Daya Saing Pada Restoran Makanan Cepat Saji Rocket Chicken Tlogosari Raya

This research was conducted at Rocket Chicken Tlogosari Semarang. This study aims to determine (1) What kind of marketing strategy Rocket Chicken Tlogosari is doing in the midst of increasing business competition (2) The marketing mix carried out by Rocket Chicken Tlogosari in increasing competitiveness (3) Why Rocket Chicken is still able to maintain its business until now. The strategy carried out by Rocket Chicken Tlogosari is to use marketing strategies (4P) namely Product, Price, Place and Promotion. This research uses a case study method, with data collection through indepth interview techniques, direct observation and documentation. To test the credibility of the data using triangulation of data sources and triangulation of data collection techniques. The research data sources in in-depth interviews are participants who have a position or authority in the object of research, namely as many as 5 (five) participants. The results of this research show that in the application of marketing strategies (4P) from the product aspect, Rocket Chicken Tlogosari always applies the predetermined SOP so that it has quality products, the price that Rocket Chicken Tlogosari has is very affordable for consumers, the place or location that Rocket Chicken Tlogosari has is very strategic and the promotion carried out by Rocket Chicken Tlogosari through social media. In this study, several problems were found that Rocket Chicken Tlogosari experienced, such as the lack of menu innovation offered and less than optimal promotion on social media. The solution to the problems experienced by Rocket Chicken Tlogosari is that it is necessary to innovate the menu so that it can attract consumer interest and in terms of promotion Rocket Chicken Tlogosari needs to have an Instagram social media account with higher traffic than other social media, this aims to intensify promotions so that consumers know more about the latest products and promos from Rocket Chicken Tlogosari

Applying PEOP to Develop an Intervention Framework for Employment in Parkinson's Disease.

Employment intervention is essential for supporting people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD), who leave the workforce on average 5 years earlier than those without Parkinson's disease (PD). We developed a framework for occupational therapists (OTs) to address employment for PwPD. Our qualitative analysis employed data source triangulation of environmental scan of resources and publications, electronic medical records data, and focus groups with clinicians and PwPD. The framework underwent expert panel review by OTs and researchers who are knowledgeable of current evidence-based practices for PD. The framework is based on the Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance (PEOP) Model and PEOP Occupational Therapy Process and comprised of four parts: PEOP features of PD relevant to employment, performance changes experienced by PwPD, a process to evaluate and address employment, and intervention ideas. This framework serves as an impetus to explore evidence-based, scalable, proactive intervention approaches to address employment in PwPD.

Burnout Phenomenon on Principals: Impact on Behavior and its Mitigation Strategies

Objective: This research was conducted to gain further understanding of the real experiences (life experiences) of private school principals in order to reveal the substantive meaning of the entire process of their experience of the burnout phenomenon through personal interactions with the principals who were the research subjects which were then articulated through a burnout model that explains more about the processes and factors that play a role in the dynamics of the burnout phenomenon that apply specifically to the subject of school principals. Theoretical Framework: Qualitative research conducted using the phenomenological approach. Research validity was obtained through triangulation of data sources and cross perspectives. Research reliability was obtained through data saturation and in-depth-understanding of the subject from the selected informants. Method: 12 school principals that have worked for around 5-17 years are selected through criteria matching for interviews. This research uses narrative analysis of stories obtained from in-depth interviews with research informants. Result and conclusion: This research has presented evidence that although the role of a leader is very important to motivate and improve the performance of the people being led, in fact the same thing also applies vice versa, the more the people being led or managed can be cooperative with the leader, the more positive the performance of a leader, especially for private school principals in Indonesia. On the other hand, educational foundations as the authority to supervise school principals also have a role in creating a conducive situation for school principals to carry out their duties as well as possible. Research Implications: This research point out several potential steps that need to be taken by educational foundations or organizations that manage an educational institution. This is to ensure that anyone who serves as a school principal can play their role appropriately, efficiently, and produce added value to the organization in the long term. Originality/Value: The findings of this research reinforce theories regarding the burnout phenomenon that have existed so far, by enriching and clarifying the understanding of the meaning of the phenomenon by which the burnout phenomenon occurs at the leadership level in education industry nowadays.

Specifications and Performance of The Website-Based Self-Assessment Nurul Application Using GTmetrix

A student self-assessment application called Self-Assessment Nurul was developed. With this website-based application, students self-assess the sports practice video assignments they have made. This is called a form of self-assessment. Data source triangulation was applied to the student's self-assessment, where the teacher also assessed the students' assignments. Detailed specifications and performance testing of this website-based application are required. For this reason, descriptive research was carried out to explain the specifications and performance of this website. Testing was carried out using the GTMetrix application. Based on data analysis, it was concluded that the self-assessment application was in the "B" or Good category with a performance quality of 79%, and the application access speed was very fast, with an average of less than 3 seconds. This proves that this website-based self-assessment application can be used by students and teachers well without any significant problems in terms of both durability performance and access speed. This demonstrates the website-based self-assessment application's suitability for usage by students and teachers, as it exhibits excellent durability, performance, and access speed without any notable issues. However, it facilitates teachers' use during student exercises and enhances accessibility for students. It examines the performance of both the teacher and the students. Key Words: Self-Assessment, Gtmetrix, Website, Perfomance, Browse Timings

Recruitment Policies for Primary School Educators and National Professional Standards: A Qualitative Analysis

A successful recruitment policy ensures the selection of competent and qualified teachers for the education as well as the overall development of students. Primary education is the foundation of the entire education system. but unfortunately, Pakistan stands at a very low position among other countries of the world in Primary Education. The lack of competent teachers is a major issue in Pakistan. This study was designed to analyze the alignment of recruitment policies for primary school educators in Punjab according to eight indicators that were derived from the National Professional Standards for Teachers in Pakistan. This study was qualitative, so, firstly, the alignment of recruitment policies of 2018 and 2022 with National Professional Standards was analyzed through document analysis. Secondly, members of the district recruitment committee were interviewed to explore the assessment criteria of selection for primary school educators. Trustworthiness was ensured with data source triangulation. The findings revealed that recruitment policy is not aligned with National professional standards for teachers. The interview process for the selection of primary educators needs to be strengthened for the evaluation of future educators.

Communication Strategy for Deliberalization of Islamic Thought at UNIDA Gontor

Liberalism, when viewed from its development, has two main streams that mutually use the term liberal. Classical liberalism or economic liberalism emphasizes individual freedom in carrying out activities in the economic field, and social liberalism, emphasizes the state's role in defending individual rights, usually formed as anti-discrimination laws. In addition to the trend of liberalization which emphasizes economic, political, and social rights, liberalism is also found in the field of religious thought. Indeed, liberalism in Western civilization's social and political fields has slowly separated religion from social and political affairs. Religion has no place in social and political interests. Concepts such as pluralism, multiculturalism, feminism, gender equality, democratization, humanism, freedom, and human rights are several layers of elements in the liberalization movement. Even theses and dissertations in Islamic universities are written to seek Islamic justification for these concepts. To stem this massive liberalization movement, researchers take the example of preventing the liberalization of Islamic thought in Islamic tertiary institutions, namely at the University of Darussalam (UNIDA) Gontor. This type of research is qualitative, with in-depth interview data collection techniques, and data analysis techniques namely triangulation of data sources (results of interviews and previous research). The result of this research is that UNIDA Gontor uses a curriculum based on the Islamization of Science. In addition, Islamization activities are also carried out through weekly student discussions guided by mentors, bi-weekly studies for lecturers and staff, scientific papers written by students and lecturers, and community service activities.

Implementasi Pembelajaran Diferensiasi pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah: Studi Kasus di SMAN 23 Kabupaten Tangerang

This article describes the implementation of differentiated learning in history subjects at SMAN 23 Tangerang Regency. This research method uses qualitative methods, with a single case study strategy. The research method in this study is a qualitative method. The validity of the data used in this research uses triangulation of data sources and methods. The data was obtained through in-depth interviews, observation and document study. Research results: First, the history teacher's learning planning has prepared and implemented a history module that uses a differentiated learning approach. Second, implementation of learning, history teachers apply learning in the form of differentiation of content, processes and products for material on ancestral origins, four theories of ancestral origins, and their relationship to current Indonesian society. Third, learning evaluation, teachers use assessments based on cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects. Fourth, the impact of differentiated learning in history subjects is improving critical and creative thinking skills in history learning. Fifth, the obstacles experienced are inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and also insufficient learning time.

Hiperrealitas Pembaca pada Utas Alternative Universe Boys Love Karakter Anime Chainsaw Man di X (Twitter)

This study aims to uncover the hyperreality conditions experienced by some readers when reading the alternative universe boys love threads of the Chainsaw Man anime characters of the X (Twitter) accounts @haezellatos and @devilsmete. The method used in this research is a qualitative method using a netnographic approach. In addition, the researchers used interviews, observations and documents to collect data. This research uses snowball sampling technique and triangulation of data sources as a technique to check the validity of the data. The results of this study indicate that the alternative universe boys love thread in the Chainsaw Man anime character X (Twitter) accounts @haezellatos and @devilsmete creates a hyperreality condition in readers. This is due to readers being unable to distinguish between the artificial reality, namely the alternative universe boys love thread of the Chainsaw Man anime character, and the original reality, namely the Chainsaw Man anime. Finally, what is experienced by the reader creates hyper-reality conditions and hyper-sensitivity conditions, where artificial reality and original reality merge into one, causing the reader to experience hyper-reality in the alternative universe boys love anime character Chainsaw Man thread.Keywords: alternative universe, anime, boys love, hyperreal, X (Twitter)

Manifestation of Character Education in Ponorogo Keling Dance and Its Relevance as Teaching Material

The study aims to identify character education values in the Ponorogo Keling Dance. The character education values identified were assessed for their relevance as teaching material for the Javanese language subject for secondary-level students. The approach used in this research was qualitative with a constructivist paradigm. The data collection techniques were observation, interviews, literature study, and documentation. The resource person in this research was Wiyoto, head of the Guno Joyo Studio, Keling Dance Association. Data in terms of symbols and meaning will be analyzed using the hypersemiotic theory. The data validity used triangulation of data sources. The results showed that the Keling dance had local wisdom values indicated in symbols. These symbols were visualized in the Keling dance choreography and characters. After employing hyper semiotic theory, the study found symbols in the Keling dance containing character education values. These values are tolerance, creativity, national spirit, love of the nation, and care for the environment. These values are relevant to teaching material for the Javanese language subject in terms of character education values, availability to be integrated with the Javanese language subject, and contextuality following local cultural characteristics. The use of the Keling Dance as teaching material for the Javanese language subject hopefully introduces native Ponorogo arts other than reog.

The Threat Of Tax Avoidance By Multinational Companies Through Profit Shifting

Tax is a mandatory contribution that taxpayers must submit to the state in accordance with the provisions of the law. However, in reality, tax avoidance by multinational companies through profit shifting has resulted in Indonesia losing tax revenue every year. Based on this, the discussion in this study is the causes of the threat of tax avoidance by multinational companies through profit shifting. This research also discusses intelligence strategies in facing the threat of tax avoidance. The method used is qualitative with data sourced from interviews and literature studies. The analysis used is Creswell analysis processed through the Nvivo application. This research also uses data source triangulation to examine data validity. Based on the research results, the causes of this threat are the intention and ability to jeopardize tax revenue. Intelligence strategies in facing this threat are a combination of intelligence objectives, intelligence methods, and intelligence resources. Intelligence objectives include state revenue, tax compliance, and Data-Based Organizations. Intelligence methods include Business Intelligence (BI), Compliance Risk Management (CRM), and data analysis. Intelligence resources include cooperation and data and information.

Enhancing the enactment of assessment for learning principles during school placement: preservice teachers as practitioner researchers within a learning community

ABSTRACT Enacting Assessment for Learning (AfL) is challenging for teachers and even more for Preservice Teachers (PSTs). The support for those attempting to enact it has been considered insufficient and/or inadequate. This study aims to examine how positioning preservice teachers as practitioner researchers while belonging to a learning community can facilitate PSTs’ enactment of AfL during their school placement. It draws on the triangulation of different qualitative data sources, e.g. focus group, researcher’s field notes, testimonial survey, and school placement report, inquiring the practice of eight PSTs and the interaction within a learning community supported by a researcher, university supervisor and cooperating teachers. Despite belonging to the same learning community, PSTs struggle differently in embedding assessment in the learning experiences, including students, and facilitating students’ understanding of feedback and the teaching-learning process. Teacher education programmes are prompted to consider how best to support PSTs enacting AfL practices.

Tackling Unintended Consequences of EU Sanctions: NGOs' Advocacy for Humanitarian Exceptions

AbstractSanctions are increasingly prominent foreign policy tools, but research on the policy process that leads to specific sanction design is limited. Sanctions can have unintended effects on the provision of humanitarian aid in sanctioned countries, which has led to calls for humanitarian exceptions in sanction design. This study focuses on non‐governmental organizations' (NGOs) advocacy for a humanitarian perspective on European Union (EU) sanctions in the period 2020–2021. Building on the Advocacy Coalition Framework and the triangulation of qualitative data sources including interviews and document analysis, this study describes an advocacy coalition of humanitarian NGOs in Brussels, their advocacy strategies and the effectiveness of these strategies. The analysis highlights the coalition's common policy beliefs and documents three advocacy strategies: coalition building, knowledge leadership and lobbying. The analysis then traces the link between these strategies and recent policy changes, namely, clearer European Commission guidelines on the implementation of humanitarian derogations. This policy change was further facilitated by policy brokers and an external shock, the Covid‐19 pandemic. The findings shed light on an understudied design feature of sanctions, i.e., humanitarian exceptions, and on the role of non‐governmental actors in shaping sanction designs.

Efektivitas Layanan Perpustakaan Keliling dalam Mengembangkan Minat Baca Masyarakat di Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kota Sibolga

This research discusses the effectiveness of mobile library services in developing people's reading interest in the Sibolga City Library and Archives Service. The aim of this research is to find out whether the mobile library service at the Sibolga City Library and Archives Service is effective enough in developing people's interest in reading in Sibolga City. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection methods use observation, interviews and documentation, while technical data analysis is carried out in 3 (three) ways, namely data triangulation, method triangulation and source triangulation. The results of this research show that the effectiveness of the mobile library service in developing people's interest in reading in the Sibolga city library and archives service has gone quite well, this can be seen in real conditions after the researchers conducted observations and interviews, which can be seen based on the public's fairly good response, and the enthusiasm of children who always welcome mobile library visits to their schools. Factors that influence mobile library services in developing people's reading interest in the Sibolga City Library and Archives Service, namely book collections, users/readers, librarians on duty, and the mobile library facilities provided are supporting factors. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors are in terms of funding, as well as inadequate facilities and infrastructure for the 17 sub-districts which are visiting points for mobile libraries for the Sibolga city library and archives service.

Tracking the Creativity of Autobiography and Biography Text Through Poster Media for Higher Education

This research aims to analyze students' creativity in writing autobiography and biography texts in Arabic using poster media in higher education. Researchers used a qualitative approach with a case study method on 35 students. Data collection techniques used interviews, documentation and observation in Arabic writing skills learning activities, while the data analysis techniques used included triangulation of data sources identified through three stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research results show that: 1) Student creativity in writing autobiographical and biographical texts using posters is more varied with the choice of colors, images and identification of introductory texts, experiences and life learning; 2) the sentence structure used consists of five structures, namely the structure of verbs, nouns, adverbial attributes, properties and prepositions. Research findings show that the use of poster media in learning writing skills is able to develop creativity and a variety of sentence structures. This research is limited to only two texts, so the researcher recommends further research to analyze a variety of other texts using poster media and more varied research methods

Management And Reporting Of Wakaf Assets Based On Psak Number 112 (Study Case At The Sulsel Ministry Of Religion)

The aim of this research is to find out how Waqf Assets are managed and reported based on PSAK Number 112 (Case Study at the Ministry of Religion of South Sulawesi). Apart from that, this research also wants to see how accountable waqf management is in the Ministry of Religion of South Sulawesi Province from a sharia enterprise theory perspective. This research is a type of qualitative research with a phenomenological study approach carried out using in-depth interview techniques with predetermined sources. The interview data that has been collected is reduced and then analyzed to draw a final conclusion. In order to maintain the quality of research results, a data validity test was carried out using data source triangulation. The results of the research reveal that the waqf accounting treatment at the South Sulawesi Provincial Ministry of Religion is still carried out simply and refers to the regulations issued by the central Ministry of Religion. The accounting treatment of waqf at the Ministry of Religion of South Sulawesi Province is specifically not in accordance with PSAK 112 which is due to the lack of adjustments in terms of standardization of accounting treatment carried out. Furthermore, from the sharia enterprise theory perspective, waqf management carried out by the Ministry of Religion of South Sulawesi Province has fulfilled the aspects of accountability and transparency as evidenced by the openness of information and the accountability model which is explained very clearly.

CHORAL READING AND SQ3R METHODS IN TEACHING READING AT THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS AT MTSN 1 PONOROGO

Reading is one of several skills that students must master in learning English. Teacher needs proper methods especially in teaching reading. Implementing the teaching method affects student learning outcomes, so the teacher should consider the appropriate teaching methods by initiating the class environment and the student's condition. The aims of this research are; 1). To identify how the implementation of choral reading and SQ3R methods are used by the teacher, 2). What the problems are found by the teacher in applying these methods, and 3). What the teacher’s ways are to overcome the problems in applying these methods in teaching reading at the seventh-grade students at MTsN 1 Ponorogo. This research was conducted at MTsN 1 Ponorogo by using descriptive qualitative method. The data was collected through observation, interview, and documentation. The data from interview and observation were obtained in the form of interview and observation transcripts, and the documentation results were in the form of lesson plan. The data were analyzed using the theory of Miles and Huberman. The steps were data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusion. To test the validity of the data, the researcher used triangulation of data sources. The researcher found that the implementation of Choral Reading and SQ3R methods was divided into some steps. The steps of the choral reading method were the teacher gave an example of the correct reading, the students were repeated after the teacher, and the teacher went around to check the students' mistakes. The steps in the SQ3R method were survey, read, recite, and review. The problems faced by the teacher in applying these methods were students were not enthusiastic about following the lesson, and students often did not bring dictionaries. Meanwhile, the problems were solved by announcing that the students must submit an assignment, and the teacher consistently used the methods over several meetings and instructed the students to borrow a dictionary from a friend in another class or at the library. Keywords: Teaching Method, Teaching Reading, Choral Reading, SQ3R

Exploring the Challenges in Covering Dental Services through Complementary Insurance in Iran: A Qualitative Study.

Financial protection is crucial for attaining universal health coverage. The inclusion of costly dental services in insurance plans poses a significant challenge for all parties involved in the insurance sector. This study aimed to investigate the challenges of covering dental services by complementary insurance in Iran during 2020-2021. This qualitative research was conducted in Iran during 2020-2021. A triangulation of methods and data sources were employed to achieve a comprehensive perspective. In-depth semistructured interviews were conducted on an individual basis, and all national documents, rules, regulations, and instructions pertaining to complementary dental insurance were thoroughly reviewed. Purposeful sampling was used to select participants from all stakeholder groups engaged in dental insurance coverage, including (1) health system policymakers, (2) insurers, (3) policyholders, (4) care providers (dentists), and (5) insured people. Six open-ended questions were formulated to explore various facets of dental insurance, including (1) development, (2) management, (3) population coverage, (4) premium calculation, (5) services coverage, and (6) payment and reimbursement mechanisms. With the consent of the participants, all interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The gathered data were evaluated using a framework analysis approach in the MAXQDA20 software. Finally, the primary themes, each encompassing multiple subthemes, were identified and presented. A total of 26 interviews were conducted with five groups of interviewees, and nine national documents were evaluated. Six themes were extracted, which included 18 codes from the interviews and seven codes from the documents. The extracted themes were as follows: (1) Insurance commitments and service coverage, (2) reimbursement system, (3) information system, (4) economic issues, (5) population coverage, and (6) regulation and supervision. The high cost of dental services was the most frequent challenge, followed by the insurance commitments and service coverage. The delivery of dental services through complementary insurance in Iran primarily faces economic and service coverage challenges. The resolution hinges on the collaboration between basic and complementary insurance sectors, the development of a unified information system for insured individuals, and the implementation of a risk-adjusted premium plan.

ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KOMPENSASI DENGAN KINERJA KARYAWAN RUMAH SAKIT PKU MUHAMMADIYAH TEMANGGUNG

The PKU Muhammadiyah Temanggung applies an integrated compensation system to its employees in order to motivate their spirit of work and productivity. Deep evaluation over this system is needed to value the employees peformance quality achievement as one of the factors to improve the work productivity in this institution. This research has an aim to analyse the connection between Financial Compensation and Non Financial Compensation with the Employees Performance in the PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Temanggung. This quantitative descriptive research was run using the method of Cross Sectional which is the questionnaire means of measurement was applied. The sampling collection was conducted using Purposive Sampling technique against employees of the PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Temanggung in the amount of 150 respondents who fulfill the criteria. The variables whitin this research consists of Financial Compensation, Non Financial Compensation, and also Employees Performance. The data analysis using Univariat and Bivariat Analysis applying Spearman Correlation Rank and Kendall Tau Test to comprehend the connection among variables. Improving the validity of research data the data source triangulation was done. This research emerging the conclusion that there is no significant connection between the Financial Compensation and the Employees Peformance in the phase of less significant, and also the existing connection between the Non Financial Compensation and the Employees Performance in the phase of weakness.

Tracking deaths of people who have experienced homelessness: a dynamic cohort study in an Australian city

ObjectiveLife expectancy and rates of premature death are fundamental markers of health and social equity globally, and measures on which people experiencing homelessness face enormous disparities. However, unlike for other...