Triangle Model Research Articles

Poszukiwanie determinantów jakości programu jako elementów strategii w mediach publicznych. Model trójkąta sił jakości

Exploring Determinants of Program Quality in Public Media As Elements of Strategy. The Quality Power Triangle Model The purpose of the article is to present the importance, the function of program quality in public media, as well as the influence of “quality” on the creation of strategy and success of stations. The first part of the paper is devoted to the analysis of the literature on the subject, thanks to which the significant meaning of quality in this measure was shown. The second part presents the application of the media quality forces triangle model to the research. Consequently, the analysis of the results of the surveys conducted with this method in 2015 and 2021 is presented. This research shows the differential influence of the factors that were introduced in the survey on the basis of quality descriptors. The respondents came from two groups: media professionals and students. In their opinion, qualified staff and station creators have the greatest influence on the two-seeing quality, in second place is the knowledge of the audience market, and in third place were the factors that create the station’s financing. Moreover, the results of the study show interesting differences in opinions among the surveyed groups over several years.

Better now than later: The social cost of victims’ delayed accusations

Victims of many types of transgressions may delay voicing accusations of wrongdoing. Across seven studies and a within-paper meta-analysis, we examine whether these victims pay a social cost and, if so, how they can reduce it. We find that people perceive victims who delay (vs. do not delay) voicing accusations to have less psychological standing to accuse their transgressors. People therefore perceive such victims as lacking in integrity-based trustworthiness and, often, in benevolence-based trustworthiness as well. People consequently report greater intentions to avoid such victims, trust them less in an economic game with money at stake, and are less willing to hire them. The findings collectively highlight the difficulty that victims face in moving from silence to voice. We further draw on the triangle model of excuses (e.g., Schlenker, 1997) to identify attributions that attenuate the social cost of victims’ delayed accusations.

The international fraud triangle

PurposeFraud omnipresent in the media, the corporate world and the academic literature has attracted a great deal of research interest. Fraud and its various types and forms have been characterized as significant contributing factors to the development of severe financial crises. Recurrent financial crimes in both the private and the public sectors remind us that fraud and its negative consequences paralyze economic entities all over the world. Understanding the multidimensional nature of fraud is key to prevent and detect it. This paper aims to examine the dominant fraud triangle model framework and its variants developed in the accounting literature to provide the etiology of fraud.Design/methodology/approachHaving identified the fraud theory developed so far, we provide a theoretical framework for international fraud triangle.FindingsUnderstanding the multidimensional nature of fraud is key to prevent and detect it. This paper examines the dominant fraud triangle model framework and its variants developed in the accounting literature to provide the etiology of fraud. Drawing on theoretical insights and useful criticism of the fraud triangle, this paper proposes an international fraud triangle model framework to help auditors, managers, regulators and academics in understanding fraud holistically in the private and public sector in a global context. The authors finally provide an overview of fraud in the Greek Context.Originality/valueThis paper proposes an international fraud triangle model framework.

Extended fraud triangle model: moderating effect of corporate governance and risk management

Extended fraud triangle model: moderating effect of corporate governance and risk management

New color image encryption scheme based on multi-parameter fractional discrete Tchebyshev moments and nonlinear fractal permutation method

A novel color image encryption scheme is presented by combining the multi-parameter fractional discrete Tchebyshev moments (MPFrDTMs) with the nonlinear fractal permutation method. To withstand the brute-force attack on the image encryption algorithm based on the fractional discrete Tchebyshev moments, the MPFrDTMs and their inverse process are put forward for larger key space. Furthermore, a new nonlinear fractal permutation method is constructed by combining the fractal Sierpinski triangle model (FSTM) with the rotation operations. The structural complexity of the FSTM directly determined by the plaintext image could resist known-plaintext attack and chosen-plaintext attack. Simulation results and performance analyses illustrate that the proposed color image encryption scheme is feasible and has a high level of security.

Best Practice Through Broken Triangle, Square and Heart Can Grow Constitutional Awareness and Increase Citizenship Values

This Best Practice is the best experience in learning to increase awareness about constituting and improving learning outcomes through the Broken Square Triangle, Square, and Heart model in Class VIII E of SMP Negeri 2 Wonosari Gunungkidul in the Even Semester of the 2019/2020 Academic Year. The results of the teacher's observations during PBM, students like to littering, wearing colorful shoes, long hair, unidentified uniform at SMPN 2 Wonosari, less respect for teachers in class, not concentrating on teaching and learning activities, sleeping in class. After studying with the Broken Triangle, Square and Heart models, there is a change in constitutional awareness, as evidenced by the research data. At the first meeting with the lecture method, the violation was 18.89%. When KBM uses the Broken Triangle, Square and Heart model, in the second meeting there is a violation of 2.59% and the third meeting there is a violation of 1.48%. This has proven to be an increase in constitutional awareness. From the learning outcomes, the lecture method shows an average result of 59.47, with the Broken Triangle, Square and Heart model, an average of 66.0 and 86.13. Thus, it shows that the Broken Triangle, Square and Heart models are more effectively used in PPKn learning.

Creating versatility in Thai demonstratives

AbstractBeyond their basic function to index exophoric and endophoric referents, Thai demonstratives have a host of pragmatic functions to encode concerns regarding discourse organization, subjectivity, and intersubjectivity. Based on a detailed analysis of demonstratives used in conversation, we attempt to uncover the pattern of grammaticalization for this class of words in Thai, and to propose a mechanism that allows them to develop multiple functions. Since demonstratives are indexical signs and are qualitatively distinct from content words, we must view the grammaticalization process of demonstratives differently from that of content words. In this paper, we use the model of thejoint attention trianglebased on Diessel’s earlier work and thefunctional utterance framebased on the “attractor position” analysis for grammaticalization of nouns and verbs advanced byBisang (1996)to analyze how exactly demonstratives come to acquire pragmatic functions.

Analysis of Success Factors of HYBE based on Service Triangle Model - BTS Case Study -

In this study, the service triangle model is used to identify the success factors of HYBE(former Big Hit), which has raised BTS(K-POP boy group known as Bangtan Boys in Korea). The service triangle model proposed by Albrecht & Zemke(1985) presents customer-centered service strategy, people(employee, service personnel), and supporting system as the three key components of operations management. As the result of the study, we suggest various success factors from managerial perspectives. Firstly, clear identification of customer segmentation, differentiated content for teenagers and the twenties, and responsiveness to environmental changes by strengthening learning capability are important factors in customer-centered service strategy. Secondly, optimizing the customer experience and stimulating the growth of the fanbase by actively utilizing information technology platforms such as V-LIVE and Weverse are important factors in customer-centered supporting system. Thirdly, BTS members’ self-production of content and direct communication with ARMY fans are critical factors in terms of customer-centered service personnel.<BR> Although these factors presented here partially overlap with the factors presented in previous studies, this study can help upper managers establish strategies and set directions for effective management at the corporate level by suggesting success factors through a two-way connection line.

Can Fraud Triangle Model Predict Fraudulent Financial Statements? Evidence from Egypt

Can Fraud Triangle Model Predict Fraudulent Financial Statements? Evidence from Egypt

Sprawa Etyczna. Opracowanie hipotetycznego studium przypadku CFA The Ethics Challenge edycja 2021

The article presents an analysis of the ethical issues identified in a case study involving a description of events during the first week of work of a new bank advisor in a hypothetical bank (New Bank). The analysis was created for the final stage of the 4th edition of CFA Ethics Challenge (2021). Basing on the model of the fraud triangle, three groups of reprehensible behaviours and actions were identified with appropriate solutions. The article also presents recommendations for the improvement of ethics in New Bank and focuses on aspects deemed crucial.

Evaluating recovery strategies for the disruptions in liner shipping networks: a resilience approach

PurposeSince the start of the current century, the world at large has experienced uncertainties as a result of climate change, terrorism threats and increasing economic upheaval. These uncertainties create non-classical risks for global seaborne container trade and liner shipping networks (LSNs). The purpose of this paper is to establish a novel risk-based resilience framework to measure the effectiveness of different recovery strategies for the disruptions in LSNs in a quantitative manner.Design/methodology/approachBased on a resilience loss triangle model, an indicator of resilience–cost ratio is designed to measure the performance of LSNs during recovery. Four recovery strategies are proposed to test the rationality and feasibility of the developed indicator in aiding decision-making of LSNs from a resilience perspective.FindingsThe analysis results reveal that the superiorities of different recovery strategies vary depending on both the structures of LSNs and the specific requirements during recovery. Moreover, optimizing the sequence of ports being recovered will improve the overall recovery efficiency of the investigated LSN.Research limitations/implicationsAs an exploratory research trying to enrich the risk-based resilience evaluation of LSNs from a complex network perspective, only two attributes (e.g. port scare and economy) are considered at the current stage when estimating the time needed to fully recover the whole LSN. In future research, more attributes from the industry may be identified and incorporated into the proposed model to further extend its ability and application scopes.Practical implicationsThe findings will help to improve managerial understandings of recovery strategies to build more resilient LSNs. The proposed model has the capability to be tailored to tackle different types of risks in addition to the storm disaster condition.Originality/valueThe risk-based resilience framework and the resilience–cost ratio indicator are newly developed in this research. They can consider LSNs' structural resilience and the total costs that a recovery strategy needs to restore the whole system simultaneously.

SWOT and Triangle Model Marketing Service Analysis for Marketing Strategy: Implementation Study at Pandan Arang Boyolali Hospital

The hospital is a place for providing health services. In an effort to maximize services, a marketing strategy is needed so that the continuity of the hospital continues to run well. The study was conducted at the Pandan Arang Hospital in Boyolali in the Gastroentero-hepatology (GEHC) sub-specialist service, examining the current marketing strategy using SWOT analysis and the triangle marketing model. This research is descriptive-analytic with a qualitative approach. The primary data collection techniques were in-depth interviews (direct interviews), FGDs and observations; while the secondary data is taken from a review of previous research studies that contain the SWOT and the marketing triangle model. Description of the results and discussions that have been carried out, Pandan Arang Boyolali hospital GEHC sub-specialist service, is in quadrant 1. Quadrant I means the hospital is in a favourable position based on the IE matrix, the hospital has many strengths in dealing with many opportunities from the results of the calculation of internal factors using the IFE and EFE matrices. Even though it is in quadrant 1, Pandan Arang Boyolali hospital services for GEHC must develop strategies in dealing with external and internal threats to obtain opportunities and overcome threats so that they will become a superior hospital. The development strategy carried out is called the Alternative Marketing Strategy which has 9 steps of development strategy. In addition, the development strategy is also carried out using the Triangle Model Marketing. The Triangle marketing model is carried out from the results of internal and external factors analysis. Abstrak: Rumah sakit merupakan tempat untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan. Dalam upaya memaksimalkan pelayanan, diperlukan strategi pemasaran agar kelangsungan rumah sakit tetap berjalan dengan baik. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Pandan Arang Boyolali di sub spesialis Gastroentero-hepatology, mengkaji strategi pemasaran saat ini menggunakan analisis SWOT dan model pemasaran segitiga. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif-analitik dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data primer adalah wawancara mendalam (wawancara langsung), FGD dan observasi; sedangkan data sekunder diambil dari tinjauan studi penelitian sebelumnya yang berisi SWOT dan model segitiga pemasaran. Deskripsi hasil dan pembahasan yang telah dilakukan, pelayanan sub spesialis GEHC RS Pandan Arang Boyolali berada pada kuadran 1. Kuadran I artinya rumah sakit berada pada posisi yang menguntungkan berdasarkan matriks IE, rumah sakit memiliki banyak kekuatan dalam menangani dengan banyak peluang dari hasil perhitungan faktor internal menggunakan matriks IFE dan EFE. Meskipun berada di kuadran 1, pelayanan RS Pandan Arang Boyolali untuk GEHC harus mengembangkan strategi dalam menghadapi ancaman eksternal dan internal untuk mendapatkan peluang dan mengatasi ancaman sehingga menjadi rumah sakit yang unggul. Strategi pengembangan yang dilakukan disebut dengan Strategi Pemasaran Alternatif yang memiliki 9 langkah strategi pengembangan. Selain itu, strategi pengembangan juga dilakukan dengan menggunakan Triangle Model Marketing. Model pemasaran segitiga dilakukan dari hasil analisis faktor internal dan eksternal .

Blended Learning Assessment Instrument For Elementary School

This article was written as the stage of designing a blended learning assessment instrument model in elementary schools. This study aims to identify an assessment model that accommodates the realm of cognitive learning. The design phase of this research is based on the ADDIE model framework. The research population is all students of class V SDN 1,2, and 3 Karanganyar, the research sample is class V students at SDN 2 Karanganyar who have implemented blended learning. The data analysis technique used in this research is the descriptive data analysis technique. Based on the author's hypothesis, the stages of the development model that can be used based on the results of the analysis of assessment instruments for blended learning, there are three types of assessment, namely self-assessment, peer assessment, and teacher assessment. This triangle model is expected to accommodate the realm of learning in the implementation of blended learning assessment.

A study on socio-aesthetic value accentuation and marketing performance: an SDL perspective

PurposeThis study aims to build a conceptual model based on socio-aesthetic value accentuation (SAVA), positional advantage and sales-network power as the bridging process for enhancing sales performance in the context of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachA structural study methodology is adopted. In all, 200 owner– managers of SMEs were involved in the study and voluntarily spent time for an interview in the data collection process. To test the model and hypotheses, the authors used the analysis moment structure structural equation modeling (AMOS SEM structural model software to analyse 178 usable questionnaires.FindingsThe results demonstrate three strategic pathways to enhanced sales performance, namely, anchors on SAVA, positional advantage and sales-network power and are the basis of the separate contribution of our proposed strategic equilateral triangle model for conceptual bridging.Research limitations/implicationsThe rejection of the hypothesis provides a room for further research. The sample frame of Indonesian SMEs limits the generalisation power of SAVA concept, which then calls for replication to achieve a broader generalisation. The theoretical implication of the study relates to strengthening the applicability of the theory of service-dominant logic in marketing studies.Practical implicationsThere are several practical managerial implications for SME entrepreneurs seeking to improve sales performance.Originality/valueThis pioneering study explains the role of SAVA – positional advantage and sales-network power to bridge innovation capability and enhanced marketing performance.

Geocaching in Texas state parks: a technology readiness analysis

德州州立公园地理藏宝：一项科技准备度的分析研究研究目的本研究旨在运用科技三角模型以及科技准备度指数（TRI）以定性研究为方法来探索地理藏宝这一现象。研究设计/方法/途径本研究为探索公园, 地理藏宝以及访客的三角结构关系提出了理论框架。研究对德克萨斯州立公园行政人员进行了12项半结构化访谈。主题分析发进行了访谈数据分析。研究结果研究发现了三种形式的互动：公园访客, 访客科技装备, 和公园的科技装备。尽管地理藏宝活动提高了公园访客的体验, 本研究通过公园人员的视角也发现访客的热情有所降低。研究结果发现德州州立公园在科技准备度意义来说仍处于“回避”阶段, 基于较低的积极度和创新意识, 以及对地理藏宝活动表现较高的不适以及不安。研究原创性/价值本研究为已有的文献增添了有关州立公园地理藏宝的新发现。本研究是首次运用科技三角模型来研究公园, 地理藏宝和访客之间的三边关系。本论文也创新性的在定性研究中运用了TRI对州立公园科技准备度进行研究。

Developing a Diamond Framework Model Based on “Integration” of Project Success Measures for Construction Project Management in Yemen

The most prominent obstacle facing the construction industry in Yemen is mismanagement. Developing appropriate tools, approaches, and standards for managing construction projects will contribute effectively to the development and prosperity of the Yemeni construction industry. This study aims to provide the tools, approaches and standards for project management based on the opinions of the Yemeni advisory bodies. It presents an Integrated Cost, Quality, Time, and Scope (ICQTS) diamond framework model by developing the traditional triangle model in project management providing a practical contribution to researchers and companies working in the construction industry. The study uses a descriptive and analytical approach through a comprehensive literature review followed by a field study using a designed questionnaire distributed to the relevant Yemeni advisory bodies. The study concluded with the development of the traditional triangle model resulting in the introduction of the diamond framework model in the management of construction projects. Integration management was found to have a strong impact on project success presenting the framework model as an easy and flexible tool that unifies and integrates the processes and roles in the project and directing it towards achieving project stakeholder objectives. The literature largely neglects the impact of integration management in the various models and is mostly overlooked. Inclusion of integration management in the presented model will highlight measures of project success stressing the need to integrate and manage them together. Future studies may research the differences in the opinions of construction companies.

Qualitative Study on the Toxic Triangle Integration of Leadership Ostracism.

Leadership ostracism widely exists in all types of organizations, yet specific study regarding this trend is limited. With this study, we explore the influencing mechanisms of leadership ostracism through case interview based on literature analysis and grounded theory. Results show that leadership ostracism is the integration of a triadic interaction process between subordinate performance, leadership characteristics, and organizational environment. Based on Padilla's destructive leadership toxic triangle model, we constructed a toxic triangle model of leadership ostracism. Through comparison, we found that these two triad models overlap in the areas of narcissism and power consciousness of supervisors, the self-concept of subordinates, and the management system of situational factors, indicating that leadership ostracism is itself a type of destructive leadership. In addition, the uniqueness, and differences in leadership ostracism are reflected in the model, including stereotypes, and results orientation of supervisors, political skills, job performance, and cognitive style of subordinates, the power distance, Chaxu climate, and organizational politics of the situational elements. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in the research field that provides prospects for future orientation.

Deteksi Fraud Financial Statement Menggunakan Model Fraud Pentagon Pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar di JII Tahun 2016-2018

This study aims to analyze the proxies that are considered to be able to detect financial statement fraud with the pentagon fraud model. This model is a development of the fraud triangle and fraud diamond models by adding arrogance elements to complement the previous four existing elements, namely pressure, opportunity, rationalization, and competence. The population used in the study are companies listed on the 2016-2018 Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). Company samples obtained using purposive sampling technique are 14 companies and tested using multiple regression analysis. The results obtained from this study indicate that the stability proxied by changes in total assets and changes in directors as a proxy of the competency element has an influence in predicting financial statement fraud, while the opportunity, rationalization and arrogance elements do not affect financial report fraud. It is hoped that this research can be developed by extending the research years and proxies that represent each element of this model.

The devil is in the details: developing a modern methodology for detailed medical illustrations

The Pernkopf Atlas has posed an ethical dilemma for the past 30 years. Although its illustrations are of an indisputably high quality, its unethical origins yield questions with its use. This study aimed to identify successful methods for creating equal if not higher quality anatomical visualisations through an analysis and comparison of past and present medical illustrator’s techniques. Pernkopf’s illustrations were not used as an anatomical reference to ensure the new visuals were ethical; instead other existing visuals and written sources were compiled and reviewed to create an original 3D model of the posterior cervical triangle using ZBrush 2020. Some visualisation techniques used by Pernkopf were used as a part of this project (i.e. rendering in partial colour) this technique is not unique to Pernkopf and was also used by Henry Carter, the illustrator of Grey’s anatomy. The survey was distributed to 78 participants with a strong anatomical or medical/biological art background. The reception to the new resource was positive; participants favoured it in terms of quality and ease of understanding. However, participants noted that the images in the survey were not the same resolution which may have skewed the results in favour of the new image. When rated for detail compared to the Pernkopf Atlas, the number of structures in the resource need to be increased before it can be ranked equally to the Pernkopf Atlas for detail. Participants did note that they may have selected differently depending on what was inferred by quality and detail in the survey.

The transfer mechanism of pollution industry in China under multi-factor combination model-based on the perspective of industry, location, and environment.

With the development of industry transfer, the increasing attention of all government levels has been paid to the sustainable development of ecological environment. To highlight the effect of environmental factors on pollution industry transfer, a triangle model with various combination scenarios of industry, location, and environmental factors is adopted to empirically study the transfer mechanism of China's pollution industry according to the panel data of 30 provinces from 2000 to 2018. The obtained results indicate that (1) industrial advantage is the primary factor of improving the transfer of pollution industry in China; especially, the significance of location and environmental indicators is significantly lower than that of industrial indicators. (2) With the increasing promotion of regional coordination strategy and ecological civilization construction, the attraction of location factors to industry transfer is decreasing, and the inhibition of environmental factors to pollution industry is increasing. (3) In addition, it is worth noting that China's pollution industry has not been in "innovation highland" but "environmental depression," which indicates that the phenomenon of "pollution haven hypothesis" is probable in the industry transfer of China. The paper suggests that reasonable industry transfer should be adopted by all government levels to promote industrial transformation and upgrading with considering the environmental capacity.