Development Of Transport Infrastructure Research Articles

Развитие подходов к оценке эффективности функционирования пассажирских транспортно-пересадочных узлов

Objective: the article proposes a method for assessing the efficiency of passenger transport hubs, based on the key principles of operation management. Methods: to achieve the goal of the study, methods of calculating coefficients evaluating compliance with the basic principles of operations management, methods of statistical analysis and data processing, and the method of simulation are used. To carry out the research, materials from scientific papers on the chosen topic, periodicals, as well as Internet resources, including open data from the St. Petersburg Transport Committee, were used. Results: the main scientific result is a method developed by the author to evaluate the efficiency of passenger transport hubs, based on the key principles of operations management. The proposed method takes into account the specifics and characteristics of passenger transport hubs and can be used at any stage of their life cycle, including at the design stage. Unlike the available methods, the proposed methodology allows timely detection and elimination of “bottlenecks” in the planning solutions of a passenger transport hub. Practical significance: as a result of testing the methodology on the example of the Volkovskaya transport interchange hub project, practical recommendations were formed to eliminate bottlenecks and increase the capacity of the facility. The author’s developments can be used in the executive bodies of state power responsible for the development of urban transport infrastructure, and in design organizations in the planning processes for the construction and modernization of passenger transport hubs, as well as in evaluating the effectiveness of their work.

Dynamics of Urban Transport Arrangement Policies to Support the Achievement of Sustainable Transportation

This article analyses the dynamics of the transport policy of the government of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and the administration’s efforts to organise transportation for sustainability. A qualitative method with a case study approach is used in the research. For data analysis, an interactive model and NVivo 12 Plus qualitative data analysis software were used. The results suggested several initiatives that the government of Yogyakarta must undertake to implement sustainable transportation, including transportation policies, infrastructure development and public awareness. The Yogyakarta government does not yet have regulations that form the basis for the implementation of sustainable transportation in the region. Sustainable transport has only recently become a developmental priority in the 2020–2024 regional mid-term development plan, which reflects the Indonesian government’s lagging in promoting sustainable transport on a national and regional scale. For sustainable transport infrastructure, the government of Yogyakarta has operated the rapid bus system Trans Jogja for public transport. However, the implementation of Trans Jogja has been suboptimal because it is considered unable to meet the needs of the community and forces the people of Yogyakarta to use private vehicles for daily mobility. Therefore, The Yogyakarta government is currently working on electric energy-based public transportation (electromobility), which is more environmentally friendly as it does not use fuel oil and has low emissions.

Influence of Interior Column on the Behaviour of Quasi-Rectangular Tunnel

The growing population in major cities around the world requires significant development of transportation infrastructure, especially underground system. It requires the construction of more subway lines, and larger tunnel cross-sections. In underground construction, a cross-sectional shape which is a combination of circular and rectangular tunnels is an advanced trend. This shape incorporates the advantages of both forms. There are two terminologies used to classify these shapes, including sub-rectangular and quasi-rectangular tunnels. While the sub-rectangular tunnel lacks an interior column, the quasi-rectangular tunnel includes an interior column located at the center of tunnel. Recent studies focus on separately investigating the behavior of sub-rectangular and quasi-rectangular tunnels using various methods such as numerical methods, analytical methods, and experimental methods. The present study conducted a numerical comparison of these two types of tunnels. The results indicated that the presence of an interior column help to increase the stability of the lining structure. The internal forces within the quasi-rectangular tunnel with an interior column are smaller than those of the sub-rectangular tunnel and quasi-rectangular tunnel without an interior column.

Food supply in the context of destabilization of the global economy

The goal is to analyze the state of food supply for the country's population in the context of destabilization of the world economy, inflation of prices for goods, primarily food, which in recent years have had a steady growth pattern. Methods – comparative analysis, economicstatistical, cause-and-effect. Results - the main signs of instability in economic situation in the world, their characteristics, main causes and consequences are revealed. The average annual growth rate of agricultural production for 2000-2020, 2020-2022 is shown and their impact on per capita supply of basic products and consumption rates. Comparison of these indicators allows to identify actual level of food support in Kazakhstan for specific years. The authors note that in the last two decades, physiological dietary and calorie standards for certain food products have not yet been achieved. Food security is also determined by the share of imports in consumer demand. Conclusions - it is recommended in the near and medium term to take effective measures to increase main types of products to volumes that will allow to move to import substitution and per capita consumption to the standards of physiological needs. Measures of state support to create favorable economic and organizational conditions for doing business in agricultural sector of the republic are proposed. Resolving food issue is recognized as the highest priority of government policy. The results of the study have practical significance for the organization and management of food supply system. It is important to promote the use of innovative technologies for production, processing, storage and rational use of food; formation of effective system for distribution of raw materials and agricultural products from producers to the final consumer; development of transport and warehouse infrastructure for wholesale trade.

Ukraine’s post-war recovery program as a basis for the development of electric vehicles and electric infrastructure

The article is devoted to the determination of the development of domestic electric vehicle transport and electric vehicle infrastructure on the basis of such an economic and legal instrument as the post-war recovery program of Ukraine, taking into account EU approaches in the legal regulation of decarbonization of the transport sector. The European Commission adopted the Communiqué to the European Parliament, the European Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions «Assistance and Reconstruction of Ukraine» on 18.05.2022, where the provision of funds for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine is conditioned by our country’s compliance with current European policies and standards, one of which there is decarbonization. Therefore, Ukraine should carry out post-war reconstruction taking into account the experience and approaches outlined by the international acts of the EU. The National Council for the Recovery of Ukraine from the Consequences of the War, a consultative and advisory body under the President of Ukraine, proposed a draft Plan for the Recovery of Ukraine. Based on the analysis of the provisions of the project component of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine «Restoration and development of infrastructure». It was concluded that the project of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine and its component «Recovery and development of infrastructure» is an economic and legal instrument of a programmatic nature. It establishes a systematic approach to the more active use of electric vehicles and the development of electric charging stations. The plan defines short-term, medium-term and strategic tasks for the development of electric mobility infrastructure. The general program approaches defined in this act correspond to the directions established by the normative legal acts that were adopted to regulate the issues of environmentalization of the domestic transport sector before the war, as well as the general directions of the development of the charging infrastructure of electric vehicles, outlined by the international acts adopted in the EU. The disadvantage is that a complete transition to electric transport for the transportation of passengers on urban and suburban routes is foreseen in the medium term, which is an extremely limited period. In the Plan, it is expedient to use the objective indicators of the development of the system of electric filling stations, which are established in the domestic regulatory and technical acts. Also, the directions of the development of electric transport and the network of electric gas stations should be reflected in the programs of comprehensive restoration of the region, the territory of the territorial community.

Numerical Simulation Study of the Vibrational Response of Continuous Arch Tunnels under the Action of Overlying Train Loads

With the rapid development of transportation infrastructure in China, continuous arch tunnels passing under existing operational railways are increasingly encountered. This paper primarily investigates the mechanical response patterns of the lining of continuous arch tunnels under the vibrational loads generated by trains traveling on railways. To this end, a three-dimensional finite element model of the dynamic response of continuous arch tunnels under train vibrational loads was constructed using Midas GTS/NX software. This model explores the patterns of acceleration, dynamic displacement, and dynamic strain responses of continuous arch tunnels under the action of moving train loads. The study reveals that under train vibrational loads, the vertical acceleration, vertical displacement, and strain time history curves at various monitoring points in the continuous arch tunnel exhibit vibrational characteristics. The acceleration, vertical displacement, and dynamic strain increase as the train enters, fluctuate within a certain range, and then decrease to zero as the train exits. Under high-speed train loads, the acceleration peak values at the arch feet and outer sidewalls of the left and right tunnels are larger, with a greater peak value difference. The vertical displacement peak values at the arch shoulders and crown are larger, whereas those at the middle partition wall and base slab are smaller. During the process from the train's entry to its exit, the dynamic strain exhibits a trend of initially increasing, then stabilizing, and finally decreasing to zero, all while displaying vibrational characteristics. The strain response on the tunnel side where the train enters is greater than that on the side where it exits.

Особенности использования кластерного подхода при организации государственно-частного партнерства в сфере туризма

The study of the features of using the cluster approach in organizing public-private partnerships in the field of tourism is highly relevant in the context of the continued sanctions regime against Russia by the United States and the European Union. This is due, on the one hand, to the multiple growth of domestic tourism in many regions of Russia, and on the other, to high geopolitical risks and limited financial resources of Russian business. The article describes the dynamics of the development of public-private partnerships and its organizational features in the Russian Federation. In particular, the absolute priority of the share of concession agreements in the overall structure of public-private partnership projects in 2022 is shown; the structural differences between the initiatives of public-private partnership projects in Europe and the Russian Federation in 2020-2022 are identified, as well as the national characteristics of public-private partnerships in relation to the tourism complex, the organization of which is still a poorly developed method of improving national tourism. A significant difference between a domestic organization and a foreign one is that in Russia tourism is considered as a separate sector, while in Europe public-private partnership projects indirectly influence the improvement of tourism in the regions through the development of transport and social infrastructures. Whereas in Russia, in addition to projects of indirect importance, much attention is paid to potentially useful objects for increasing direct endogenous tourism indicators, such as the number of tourist arrivals, the number of foreign arrivals, increasing the share of tourism in GDP, passenger traffic, etc. It is concluded that a characteristic feature of the development of the tourism complex in the public-private partnership (PPP) format can be considered the use of the cluster approach as the main one. This allowed the authors to reveal a set of advantages of PPP in tourism; formulate the characteristics of a tourism cluster formed through the association of representatives of government agencies and private business; propose a scheme for the effectiveness of PPP design in tourism using a cluster approach.

Governing collaborative networks in mega transport projects development: Integrative findings from 34 cases worldwide

To enhance the development of transport infrastructure, various networks characterised by cross-sector, interorganisational collaborations have been designed, structured and deployed to tackle project complexities and achieve predefined objectives. However, these endeavours have received limited scrutiny in prior studies. To address this gap and gain novel insights, we conduct a multi-case review of 34 mega transport projects (MTPs) across 14 countries and regions from the perspective of network-based collaboration governance. Three communal complexities that trigger the governance demand for collaborative networks are first identified, followed by an evaluation of their relationships with network structures and governance mechanisms. The findings reveal a multi-level structure within collaborative networks encompassing collaborative governance, financial governance and interorganisational governance, each of which involves distinct governance structures, processes and orchestrators. Following the above-mentioned analysis, we propose an integrative framework to underpin the typology for collaborative network governance, which enables MTPs to improve cross-sector, interorganisational collaboration. Furthermore, these findings consolidate the knowledge base for MTP development, providing a cross-disciplinary platform to guide developed, developing and undeveloped topics and the related discourse in this important field of academic endeavour.

Possibilities of using econometrical methods in studying of interregional interactions of migration in transportation

Thе article presents a set of methodological approaches to forecasting the spatial heterogeneity of transportation migration flows in Russia. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodological basis for forecasting the migration flows spatial heterogeneity. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the presentation and systematization of methodological approaches specific to studying socio-economic factors affecting migration flows considering spatial heterogeneity in the context of the Russia. The study has potential practical value for developing effective migration policies and strategies of spatial development in the country. The study uses general scientific methods of cognition and system-structural analysis and theoretical research method. In the course of the work, a literature review was conducted and forecasting methods applicable in studying migration flows in the ratio of transport accessibility, which are based on the real data analysis, have been analyzed. The results of the study showed that it is possible to study migration flows by spatial autocorrelation methods, and the main explanation of this process is socio-economic factors. Regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between migration flows and such factors as income level, development of transportation infrastructure, accessibility, education and other factors calculated in absolute units. The Moran index application to the migration flows analysis is a scientifically new method that allows us to study the migration spatial aspects in more depth and to identify their characteristics and interrelationships at a new level. The methods base obtained can be useful for calculations and further informed decision-making aimed at reducing spatial inequalities and stimulating sustainable spatial development.

Green Transition Assessment, Spatial Correlation, and Obstacles Identification: Evidence from Urban Governance Data of 288 Cities in China

The green transition of China’s cities is crucial for ecology civilization realization. Based on the driver–pressure–state–impact–response (DPSIR) framework, an integrated technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) model with entropy weight, this study achieved the comprehensive assessment of the green transition of 288 province-level municipalities and prefecture-level cities in China over 18 years from 2002 to 2019, in addition to the spatial correlations and obstacles analysis. The results indicate that major cities in China have a more significant green transition value, and the eastern region is developing fast, while the northeast region is relatively slow. There was heterogeneous spatial distribution for green transition, because of the disequilibrium sustainable development of 288 cities. Green transition has a significantly positive spatial autocorrelation in the cities of China, the high–high significant clusters greatly increased, and the main locations changed from the northeast to southeast of China. Frequent obstacles were also found, including road infrastructure construction, water resources, and the green coverage of urban built-up areas. Based on these results, several policy implications were put forward, including the optimization of environmental laws and regulations, the development of green transportation infrastructure, resource conservation and the circular economy, the establishment of a green financial system, and increasing the linkage for the green transition of different cities.

Land Price Variability Assessment of a Transport Infrastructure Project in Pabna District, Bangladesh

Transport infrastructure development projects play a vital role in improving accessibility, which has dynamic effects on the regional economy as well as increases property values. This research aims to assess the land price variability in control and catchment areas before and after the Dasuria-to-Dhalarchar railway development project in Pabna district, Bangladesh. A set of independent variables was considered to measure the correlation between development project and land price through a questionnaire survey and focus group discussion. The impact of a railway project on land price was determined by the ordinary least squares method, after which the method was justified through Cook’s distance, P-P plot and scatter plot. The data analysis reveals a strong association between land price and distance to a central business district. The data shows that the land price increased significantly after implementation of the railway project with different intensities, as functional characteristics vary among selected stations.

Wellbeing Impact Study of High-Speed 2 (WISH2): Protocol for a mixed-methods examination of the impact of major transport infrastructure development on mental health and wellbeing.

Although research has demonstrated that transport infrastructure development can have positive and negative health-related impacts, most of this research has not considered mental health and wellbeing separately from physical health. There is also limited understanding of whether and how any effects might be experienced differently across population groups, whether this differs according to the stage of development (e.g. planning, construction), and how changes to planned infrastructure may affect mental health and wellbeing. This paper presents a protocol for the Wellbeing Impact Study of HS2 (WISH2), which seeks to address these questions using a high-speed rail development in the UK as an applied example. WISH2 is a 10-year, integrated, longitudinal, mixed-methods project using general practices (primary medical care providers in the UK) as an avenue for participant recruitment and for providing a geographically defined population for which aggregated data on mental health indicators are available. The research comprises: (i) a combined longitudinal and repeated cross-sectional cohort study involving multiple waves of survey data collection and data from medical records; (ii) longitudinal, semi-structured interviews and focus groups with residents and community stakeholders from exposed areas; (iii) analysis of administrative data aggregated at the general practice population level; and (iv) health economic analysis of mental health and wellbeing impacts. The study findings will support the development of strategies to reduce negative impacts and/or enhance positive mental health and wellbeing impacts of high-speed rail developments and other large-scale infrastructure projects.

A Finite-Element-Analysis-Based Feasibility Study for Optimizing Pantograph Performance Using Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites

A pantograph is a key component on the tops of trains that allows them to efficiently tap electricity from power lines and propel them. This study investigates the possibility of using metal matrix composites (MMCs), specifically aluminum MMCs, as a material for making pantograph parts regarding the dynamics of the train’s movement and external meteorological conditions. In this study, a computer-aided design (CAD) model is created using PTC Creo design software and moves to detailed finite element analysis (FEA) simulations executed by the ANSYS software suite. These simulations are important in examining how the dynamic performance of pantographs can vary. The incorporation of Al MMC materials into the structure of the pantograph resulted in significant improvements in structural robustness, with equal stress reduced by up to 0.18%. Similarly, aluminum MMC materials reduced the strain energy by 0.063 millijoules. The outcomes not only give a new perspective to the implementation of modern materials but also provide a breakthrough concept to improve efficiency and increase the service life of pantographs. This study marks a significant milestone in the theoretical development of essential train systems, furnishing eminent perspectives toward the tactical development of transportation infrastructure by suggesting new avenues for the smooth incorporation of smart materials in railway transportation, which would contribute to a more sustainable and reliable future.

Can Infrastructure Upgrading Achieve the Synergistic Effect of Pollution Reduction and Carbon Reduction? Evidence from the High-Speed Rail and “Broadband China” Strategies

Infrastructure upgrading has an important impact on environmental protection and low-carbon development. Based on the panel data of 277 prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2021, we examined the impact of infrastructure upgrading on the synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction (Pc) by using the multiple-period difference-in-differences method. The results show that infrastructure upgrading can achieve Pc. Additionally, compared with resource-based cities, peripheral cities, and central and western cities, the impact of infrastructure upgrading on Pc is more significant in non-resource-based cities, central cities, and eastern cities. Meanwhile, infrastructure upgrading can promote Pc by promoting scientific and technological talent agglomeration (Tg) and industrial agglomeration (Ig). Finally, the policy of synergy analysis shows that compared with the single pilot cities, the dual pilot cities have a more obvious effect on Pc, and becoming first high-speed rail (HSR) cities and then becoming “Broadband China” strategy (BCS) cities has a stronger effect on Pc. Therefore, to effectively alleviate the dual environmental pressures of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, emphasis should be placed on promoting the common development of transportation infrastructure and digital infrastructure.

Vehicle type classification in intelligent transportation systems using deep learning

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have experienced significant growth over the past decade thanks to advances in control, communication, and information technology applied to vehicles, roads, and traffic control systems. Vehicle type classification plays a vital role in implementing ITS because of its ability to collect useful traffic information, enable future development of transport infrastructures, and increase human comfort. As a branch of machine learning, deep learning represents a frontier for artificial intelligence, which seeks to be closer to its primary goal. Deep learning is a powerful tool for classifying vehicle types because it can capture complex traffic data characteristics and learn from large amounts of data. This means that it can be used to accurately classify traffic data and generate valuable insights that can be used to improve traffic management. Researchers have successfully adopted these algorithms as a solution to propose optimal vehicle-type classification strategies. This paper highlights the role of deep learning algorithms in solving the vehicle type classification problem, reviewing the state-of-the-art approaches in this field.

Sustainable Transportation Infrastructures in Iowa—Goals and Practices

The need to incorporate sustainability principles and practices is increasing for environmental and economic reasons. It is imperative to identify and operationalize sustainability strategies into core administrative, planning, design, construction, operational, and maintenance activities for the transportation infrastructure systems by integrating sustainability into decision-making processes. The primary goal of this study is to develop an implementation plan for achieving more sustainable transportation infrastructure systems in Iowa. This research aims to guide the adoption of sustainable strategies, balancing cost, performance, and environmental impact in transportation infrastructure development. This paper presents efforts to develop a methodology for identifying the best sustainable practices for implementation in transportation infrastructure practices in Iowa by surveying state DOTs to learn about their sustainability goals and practices, identifying existing sustainability attributes and sustainable practices, and developing a GIS database where construction, materials and performance data of sustainable practices can be stored and analyzed.

THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE RURAL POPULATION

The article examines the role of the state in the development of rural social infrastructure to improve the quality of life of the population. The means of state influence on the development of rural social infrastructure in Ukraine are determined: financial support; creation of programs and strategies; ensuring access to quality education; providing financial support for hospitals and medical institutions; development and improvement of transport and communication infrastructure; setting quality standards for rural social infrastructure.

THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT LOGISTICS IN OPTIMIZING TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE ARCHITECTURES

Nowadays, transport infrastructure is a crucial component of any social and economic system. The arrangement of infrastructure is a top priority in economic activity due to the globalization of international logistics. This study aims to comprehensively analyse the transport infrastructure system regarding architectural objects. It also seeks to identify the main issues of the management paradigm in the industry and options for solving them. The research employed general scientific methods of cognition, including logical and structural analysis, comparison, theoretical modelling, abstraction, induction, and deduction, as well as statistical methods, specification, generalization, and formalization. The article examines innovative approaches to developing transport infrastructure in the international logistics system. The authors analysed the main issues, challenges, and achievements of managing the architectural component of transport infrastructure. The paper concludes that the effective use of transport infrastructure capabilities is essential for increasing the productivity of economic processes. The authors also identified the position and role of architectural objects in the international logistics system.

Identifying value chain trade-offs from fruit and vegetable aggregation services in Bangladesh using a system dynamics approach.

Significant progress has been made in cereal production in Bangladesh due to an agricultural policy environment that prioritizes the productivity of staple crops over fruit and vegetables (F&V). However, many smallholder farmers remain poorly connected to markets, which may lead to a limited supply response of F&V that can reduce opportunities for sufficient intake in neglected, consumer-facing, smaller retail markets. To address this issue, aggregation schemes have been conceived that collect and transport F&Vs on behalf of multiple farmers. Given the volume of horticultural produce produced and the reliance on developed transport infrastructure, aggregation schemes tend to supply wholesale and urban markets rather than underdeveloped rural and isolated markets. To this end, we investigated how a particular aggregation intervention ('Loop') could potentially improve the distribution of F&V to smaller markets whilst improving farmer benefits. We used an innovative system dynamics modeling approach based on Loop`s aggregation services in Jashore, Bangladesh, and to identify the potential trade-offs between consumer outcomes in retail markets and farmer benefits. We find that combining aggregation with a quota at the smaller market, transport subsidy, and current price growth does not result in trade-offs between consumer purchases and farmers`benefits. However, combining aggregation with current price growth can increase demand without losing farmers`benefits. The findings emphasize that standalone and multiple market-oriented interventions generate broader win-win benefits to promote inclusive food systems.

Does transportation infrastructure development affect enterprise R&D investment? The case of city subway operation in China

ABSTRACT While transportation infrastructure can accelerate innovation, no research has yet explored the link between intra-city subway operation and innovation. This study responds to this gap in the literature. The rapid, large-scale development of China’s subway system can serve as a ‘quasi-natural experiment’. Based on panel data on listed manufacturing companies from 2008 to 2020, this study employs the time-varying difference-in-differences method to explore the impact of subway operation on enterprise R&D investment and the impact’s heterogeneity under different enterprise characteristics. The results show that new subways have increased enterprise R&D investment and that the subway’s positive impact on R&D investment is more significant in enterprises with high employee compensation, non-state-owned enterprises, and large enterprises. Moreover, subway operation promotes enterprise R&D investment by attracting tech talent and promoting infrastructure convenience.