Transport Services Research Articles

Older adults’ decisions regarding mobility to age in place in medium- and high-rise multi-storey residential buildings in urban settings: A case study of South East Queensland, Australia

Population ageing and urbanisation requires a more thorough understanding and monitoring of older adult residential mobility trends. Many older adults move to urban areas and previous studies have been carried out on ageing in place in traditional low-rise residential buildings. However, there is little in the literature about the important push and pull factors influencing older adult moves to medium- and high-rise multi-storey residential buildings in urban areas as they age. This case study research considered the housing migration model of push and pull factors used in elderly residential mobility and investigated the older adults' decision-making regarding mobility to age in place in medium- and high-rise multi-storey residential buildings in South East Queensland, Australia. The study revealed how the older adults expressed a desire to age in place in multi-storey residential buildings in urban areas and identified it as an important element of quality of life. Many older adults chose to move house to high density urban areas from low density urban areas between the ages of 65 and 84. The ‘pull’ factor to significantly influence the decisions of movers was a low maintenance property and lifestyle change from a large suburban home whereas the ‘push’ factor was upkeep difficulties of the house related to old age. This study makes empirical contributions to knowledge in ageing residential mobility trends in urban areas and concludes by providing policy recommendations for developing more effective housing, public spaces, transportation, and community activities and services for older adults, including highlighting a number of recommendations for future research.

Determinants of paratransit feeder service provision using AI-synthesized revealed preference data: a paratransit drivers’ perspective on PT reform using machine learning

ABSTRACT Although there is a wealth of research on passengers’ perception of public transport services and their willingness to use them, only a few have examined paratransit drivers’ intention to provide service. In this study, we have proposed using combined forward sequential feature selection with random forest classifier (FSFS-RFC) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to investigate the factors influencing drivers’ intention to provide feeder services to a dedicated bus lane system in Freetown. Focus group discussion was held with heads of various public transport unions, and a questionnaire survey was administered to a sample of 1124 paratransit drivers. The proposed FSFS-RFC and ANN algorithms revealed consistent results with schemes for fleet renewal, provision of coordinated paratransit feeder terminals, guaranteed hours of bus operation and increase in daily profit as the most significant determinants. The results imply that the algorithms can learn from AI-synthesized data on paratransit drivers’ operations for efficient planning.

RideChain: A Blockchain-Based Decentralized Public Transportation Smart Wallet

The transportation industry has been recognized as one of the industries that can benefit from investment in blockchain-based systems and services that enable distributed data management and improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the transportation sector. However, the literature needs a guiding framework for integrating blockchain in issuing and preserving public transportation transactions in a technical environment that is secure, efficient, and transparent. This study proposes a blockchain-based transportation wallet (BTW) framework that facilitates the main digital transactions across diverse public transportation services. BTW embodies leveraging blockchain technology, which provides a decentralized and immutable ledger that records and verifies transactions, ensuring trust and reducing the risk of fraud. The framework has been validated by developing a blockchain-based public transportation smart wallet named “RideChain”. This serves as a single decentralized point for making public transportation transactions and payments, as well as identity authorizations and management. RideChain enhances passengers’ and service providers’ experience through a secure and authentic platform for offering several reliable public transportation transactions efficiently. In this study, we implemented a smart contract to establish a protocol between passengers and journey services. The testing methodologies used in this study comprise unit testing, integration testing, performance testing, and user acceptance testing. The findings suggest that BTW has been successfully verified to demonstrate its capability for secure transactions, authenticity of monetary transactions, automated smart contracts, decentralized identity authentication, and effortless payments.

The Transformative Impact of Information and Communication Technology on Transportation Services: A Systematic Literature Review

The Transformative Impact of Information and Communication Technology on Transportation Services: A Systematic Literature Review

ERGONOMIC AND LOGISTIC ENSURING THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COMFORT DURING THE ORGANIZATION OF PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION IN A SMALL-CAPACITY BUS

Purpose. The most important advantage of passenger transport by road is the high quality of transport service, which depends on the organization of the transport process, structural features and technical condition of the rolling stock used and the route, the development of the route network and other factors. Comfort reflects the properties of bus passenger transportation, which lead to the creation of the necessary service conditions and convenience for passengers in the bus, at the start-end and transit points on the basis of regulatory documents approved in the prescribed manner. Features of the design of small-capacity buses in terms of comfort and safety of passenger transportation and provision of proper travel conditions mostly determine the scope of use of buses of this class by types of connections and length of routes. The purpose of the paper is the development of a structural model, based on the analysis of the main factors affecting the determination of the comfort of a small-capacity bus for urban transportation during the transportation of passengers. Methods. The analysis of literary sources showed that indicators of comfort (as well as indicators of information service, speed, timeliness, safety of cargo, safety), which refer to indicators of the quality of passenger transportation, are decisive in this group of indicators. From the point of view of Ukrainian legislation and regulatory framework, the concepts of passenger bus capacity and comfort are analyzed. The main factors that determine the comfort of small-capacity buses for urban transportation during the transportation of passengers are determined. Ensuring the comfort of passenger transportation in a small-capacity city bus is determined by compliance with ergonomic requirements, which, in turn, depends on the design features of the arrangement of the area intended for passengers. Scientific novelty. It is proposed to evaluate the comfort category in the urban public road transport system using a structural model that combines two sets of factors – logistic and ergonomic. The logistic set of factors includes characteristics in time and space, that is, characteristics of comfort outside the means of urban public road transport. The ergonomic set of factors includes characteristics that describe comfort in vehicles. Practical significance. On the basis of this model, possible ways of ensuring ergonomic requirements for the layout of the interior and interior of small-capacity buses for urban passenger transportation are proposed. It was established that the main factors of the redistribution of transport mobility between urban passenger transport and transport for individual use are the insufficient comfort of passenger transport or the insufficient density of the route network.

Examining bus service quality among clusters of commuters: the case of Maputo Metropolitan Area, Mozambique

ABSTRACT The Maputo Metropolitan Area's bus transport service is comprised of both formal and informal operations, characterized by declined service quality. To improve service quality, the Maputo Metropolitan Transport Agency is transitioning to formal operations. The study aims to determine who experiences substandard bus service and where, to inform targeted actions. Data from 8,095 bus users were analysed using cluster analysis, Sankey diagrams, and multicriteria analysis, revealing four distinct behavioural clusters (C1–C4). C1 (Non-frequent-early evening) and C4 (Non-frequent-early morning) commuters experience low and very low service quality, respectively, needing increased bus frequency and easy-to-board buses. C2 (Non-frequent-daytime) commuters enjoy high service quality but could benefit from dedicated bus lanes to further improve frequency and convenience. C3 (Frequent-short travel time) commuters experience very high service quality but require direct bus lines from the suburbs to the CBD to reduce travel costs. The study findings form a basis for targeted bus service improvements.

Escalation of Transportation Service Quality at the Angkoetan Motor Repoeblik Indonesia (Damri) Surabaya

The development of the times encourages the community to focus on the advancement of science and technology, to create optimal public services. Transportation is one of the sectors that is greatly affected by technological advances. The escalation of people's mobility demands has led to an increase in very significant means of transportation that are not proportional to the number of existing vehicles, resulting in congestion on the streets. Given the importance of the role of transportation, the government needs to provide mass transportation services that are by the needs of services that are regular, safe, comfortable, fast, precise, and affordable. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach through observation, direct interviews, and documentation to collect data. The goal is to collect detailed information on improving the quality of DAMRI transportation services and analyze the factors that support and hinder these services. The results of the study show that the escalation of DAMRI service quality focuses on the Minimum Service Standards for Road-Based Mass Transportation, namely security, safety, comfort, affordability, equality, and order.

Factors Affecting the Decision to Use the Transportation Service of Thailand Post Company Limited, In Pathum Thani Province

The objectives of this research article are to study 1) demographic factors affecting the decision to use transportation services of Thailand Post Company Limited in Pathum Thani Province. 2) Factors in service quality that affect the decision to choose the shipping service of Thailand Post Company Limited. In Pathum Thani Province. The sample group used in the study was 400 customers who came to use the shipping services of Thailand Post Company Limited in Pathum Thani Province. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Statistics used in data analysis include frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. T-test Analysis of variance and regression analysis at a confidence level of 95 percent.  Major Findings  Gender demographic factors Frequency of choosing service time Date of choosing service and expenses for using the service Affects customers' decision to choose transportation services.  The service quality factors that have the most influence on the decision to choose transportation services are reliability (β-0.332) and knowing and understanding customers (β-0.253) significantly. Statistically significant at the 0.05 level.

Exploring Journey Experiences of Disabled Passengers in Using Public Transport

This study aims to enhance the understanding of disabled passengers' experiences with public transport by addressing the challenges in measuring their satisfaction and service quality. The central problem is the difficulty in accurately assessing and improving the service quality for disabled passengers, given the diverse needs and barriers they face. Utilizing the SERVQUAL model, which focuses on Tangibility, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy, the study identifies and evaluates these key dimensions in the context of public transport services. Findings reveal both unique needs and commonalities among different disability groups: hearing-impaired passengers require visual signals and nonverbal communication, visually impaired passengers need clear auditory announcements and staff assistance, and physically disabled passengers require accessible infrastructure and supportive services. Commonalities include the appreciation for reliable train schedules, cleanliness, and the need for empathetic and responsive staff. Based on these insights, recommendations are provided to enhance service quality by improving physical accessibility features, enhancing communication methods, and providing targeted staff training. Implementing these recommendations will address specific needs and improve the overall satisfaction of disabled passengers, contributing to a more inclusive and effective public transport system. Future work should focus on integrating additional models and exploring other key variables to uncover further insights into service quality and passenger satisfaction. This approach will offer a more comprehensive understanding of how various factors interact and contribute to a more inclusive and effective public transport system.

Abstract A005: Addressing Moonshot limitations: High-risk racial disparities in leading cancers

Abstract Cancer remains a leading cause of death in the U.S., posing a significant public health challenge with rising incidence rates among young adults. In response, the Biden administration reignited The Cancer Moonshot initiative in 2022, aiming to reduce cancer mortality by 50% over the next 25 years. However, as there remains different mortality rates across subpopulations defined by race and ethnicity, the 50% translates into much more or less depending on the starting point for each group. Achieving this goal would require a 57.0% decrease for Black Americans, 51.9% decrease for White Americans, 21.4% for Asian Americans, 31.0% decrease for Hispanics, and 41.3% decrease for American Indian/Alaska Natives. This study examines the trends in in U.S. cancer incidence, 5-year survival, and mortality during 1992-2022 with a focus on the five leading cancers (lung, colorectal, breast, pancreas, prostate) stratified by race and ethnicity. From 2008-2020, overall cancer death rates have declined by 1.18%/year with attribution to declining lung cancer rates (-2.75%/year, 2005-2020) and anti-smoking campaigns. Estimates have been made on how to meet the Cancer Moonshot through primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, but these rates have not factored in the different starting points nor racial disparities that exist. Progress has been heterogenous across racial/ethnic groups. Non-Hispanic Black communities continue to face excessive cancer burden compared to counterparts and have had the slowest declines in annual percent changes for mortality. To reach the Moonshot’s mortality goals in 2047, an annual decline of 1.78% across all racial and ethnic groups is needed. However, the required mortality reductions vary by cancer type and are lower for Non-Hispanic Blacks and Non-Hispanic American Indians/Alaska Natives due to inadequate access to screening and treatment. This study delineates the need for multi-level, culturally tailored interventions to improve cancer prevention, screening, and treatment accessibility. To achieve Moonshot objectives, it is imperative to increase the number of on-site patient navigators, enhance accessibility through health education and transportation services, and promote digital campaigns for primary and secondary prevention services. Despite discrepancies in interventions and policy practices, enhancing the cultural competence and holistic nature of these interventions will strengthen efforts towards health equity. These approaches can better serve high-risk groups and alleviate racial disparities in cancerous outcomes. Citation Format: Sukhmani Kaur, Rebecca Kehm, Mary Beth Terry. Addressing Moonshot limitations: High-risk racial disparities in leading cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A005.

Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Pelanggan Terhadap Pengguna Jasa Layanan Grab Menggunakan Metode C4.5

Technological advances have brought significant changes in various aspects of life, including transportation. Grab as one of the pioneers of online transportation services in Indonesia is the main choice for many people. However, competition among online transportation service companies forces each service provider to compete in improving the quality of their services. This study aims to analyze the level of customer satisfaction with the use of Grab services using the C4.5 method. This method was chosen because of its ability to form a decision tree model that helps identify the main factors that influence customer satisfaction. The data for this study were obtained from a survey of Grab customers who used Grab driver services within a certain period of time. The survey covered various aspects of user experience, such as Ease of Use of the Application, Service Availability, Waiting Time, Price, Security. The data was analyzed using the C4.5 algorithm to gain an in-depth understanding of the factors that influence the level of customer satisfaction. The analysis shows that the C4.5 method is effective in identifying factors that influence customer satisfaction. The results of the rapidminer test show the accuracy of the C4.5 algorithm from 100 respondent data obtained, which is 94.00%. These results are expected to provide valuable input for the Grab company and drivers in an effort to improve the quality of their services.

Market of transport and logistics services in the context of global transformation of supply chains

The article examines the market of transport and logistics services in the Russian Federation and provides an analysis of key trends and changes caused by the transformation of supply chains associated with political and economic factors. The analysis examines the quantitative characteristics of the transport and logistics services market and identifies current trends and their impact on the transformation of logistics systems. An analysis of the development of the multimodal transportation segment and the role of cargo containerization in the development of this segment is provided. When discussing the results, the classifications of transport and logistics services proposed by various researchers and their applicability in studying of the market of transport and logistics services in the Russian Federation are analyzed. The impact of supply chain transformation is examined using the example of the oil and gas complex of the Russian Federation. The main problems faced by oil and gas enterprises in the context of changing supply chains and the orientation of the economy are highlighted. The article presents the main ways to solve some of the problems identified by researchers, for example, the reorientation of oil transportation to the Northern Sea Route and the Siberian pipelines, leading material flows to the east and to the countries of the Asia-Pacific region.

Transportation for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Home- and Community-Based Services

BackgroundTransportation can help improve the health, quality of life, and community integration of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Yet, transportation is one of people with IDD's most common unmet needs. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine if, and, how, states provide non-medical transportation to people with IDD in their Medicaid HCBS programs. MethodsUsing content analysis and descriptive statistics, this study analyzed fiscal year (FY) 2021 Medicaid HCBS 1915(c) waivers for people with IDD from across the nation to examine how they allocated transportation. ResultsIn FY 2021, all 44 states and the District of Columbia with HCBS waivers for people with IDD provided transportation services. Transportation was included either by providing a stand-alone service that exclusively provided transportation, or by being embedded within another service. Transportation was embedded within 896 different HCBS services for people with IDD, most commonly within residential habilitation services (26.70 %), supported employment services (19.44 %), and day habilitation (18.44 %). Thirty-three states (73.33 %) also provided 145 different stand-alone transportation services in their programs for people with IDD, to increase community integration and help people gain access to waiver services. A total of $781.78 million of spending was projected for stand-alone transportation services for 261,109 people with IDD (30.32 % of waiver recipients). ConclusionsHCBS waivers are an important resource for providing transportation for people with IDD. However, significant variation in how states do so may result in disparities or unmet needs.

River information systems as a factor in improving the efficiency of inland waterway transport

The creation of a full-fledged information system that integrates important information for both government agencies and transport participants, and increases the openness of the transport services market, is an extremely urgent task for domestic inland waterway transport. To date, on the basis of the Administrations of the Basins of inland Waterways, elements of the river information system (RIS) have been developed, the main purpose of which is to control the movement of the fleet, the operation of hydraulic structures and ensure the safety of navigation. The article discusses the ways and directions of further development of RIS, including the creation of an information and analytical subsystem for monitoring the operation of river transport for the purposes of state regulation and control and the development of an information platform for interaction between transport participants and other entities related to the control and maintenance of inland waterway transport. The creation and implementation of the information subsystems considered in this paper will contribute to improving the efficiency and competitiveness of river transport.

Actual tasks of the development of river container transportation

The article is devoted to proposals within the framework of strategic objectives for the development of multimodality in river cargo transportation. The introduction describes the current state of river port infrastructure, assesses its readiness for containerization and provides statistics on such transportation. The materials and methods formulate strategic objectives for solving the problems of effective functioning of river transport in modern conditions. The results show the technology for reloading container cargo with portal cranes. results of calculating the travel time of container cargo along the route St. Petersburg - Kazan, taking into account transshipment by water and rail transport. The authors included scientific and practical recommendations for the discussion on the formation of a container line and the composition of ports on it. In conclusion, it was concluded that container transportation has prospects for development on river highways, which will contribute to both achieving the strategic goal of developing multimodality in transport and logistics schemes involving inland water transport, and can also lead to an increase in cargo traffic, improving the quality of transport services for clients and increasing competitiveness of river highways, which is especially important in the current conditions of the breakdown of traditional logistics connections.

Sustainable Development of the China Railway Express under the Belt and Road Initiative: Focusing on Infrastructure Reliability and Trade Facilitation

The China Railway Express (CR Express) is an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The sustainable development of CR Express provides critical support for regional economic integration and promotes a balanced development of the supply chain. Infrastructure reliability and trade facilitation greatly impact the operation of CR Express and are crucial for improving the competitiveness of transnational trade and cross-border efficiency. Inconsistent transportation infrastructure standards and low-efficient transportation service procedures affect the cross-border movement of cargo among countries. This paper integrates quantified metrics of infrastructure reliability and trade facilitation into a spatial friction model based on the electrical resistance theory, estimating the impact of these factors on the transportation flow of CR Express. Additionally, three scenarios of infrastructure reliability and trade facilitation are established for the four trade routes from Zhengzhou to Hamburg. Numerical experiments show that compared with inland river routes and traditional ocean routes, infrastructure reliability and trade facilitation significantly influence the transport flow of CR Express. These research results can provide a reference for the improvements of CR Express transportation efficiency and the simplification of customs clearance processes, potentially promoting the sustainable development of the CR Express supply chain to some extent.

Characteristics and Effects of the Last Kilometre of the Tourist City from the Dynamic and Static Perspectives

The accessibility of the “last kilometre” of a tourist city has a profound impact on the travelling experience of tourists. In-depth understanding of the characteristics and spatial effects of the “last-kilometre” traffic accessibility in tourist cities is conducive to further enhancing the accessibility of traffic travel and forming a new industry development pattern of deep integration of traffic and tourism. The results show that: (1) Private transport accessibility is significantly better than public transport accessibility, and the strong economic strength of large cities such as Peking, Shanghai, and Nanjing support a wider coverage of public transport compared with cities such as Qinhuangdao, Dalian, Ningbo, etc. Even for the middle-income and high-income groups of the large cities, the advantage of the broader travelling cost of public transport is still significant. (2) The average values of the fluctuation coefficients of travel time of public transport in tourist cities are all smaller than those of private transport, and public transport is less sensitive to traffic congestion, making it a more reliable choice for tourist travel. The higher number of public transport grids with more anomalous fluctuations and much larger fluctuations than private transport grids suggests that there is an urgent need to strengthen the standardisation of public transport services in the corresponding areas. (3) Urban tourism development has been moving from single-line to network development, and the impact of urban transport on urban–regional tourism development has been manifested in the place fission effect, corridor diffusion effect, and regional equilibrium effect. In general, our findings have been useful in understanding the accessibility characteristics of the “last kilometre” in tourist cities, optimizing the efficiency of inter-regional and intra-city transport connections, constructing a fast and convenient travel transport system, improving the accessibility of transport trips, and forming a new development pattern for the deep integration of transport and tourism.

How successful is my DRT system? A review of different parameters to consider when developing flexible public transport systems

The digitisation of transport services has led to the implementation of so-called demand-responsive transport (DRT) systems with varying setups and goals around the globe. Numerous approaches have been made to account for differences in the local circumstances and regulations to achieve the most successful outcome for those services in both, rural and urban areas. The reasons for their widespread popularity are the envisaged benefits of economically reasonable operations combined with ecologically and socially beneficial traffic. Yet, while some DRT systems persist over an extended period, many fail to become a permanent passenger transportation option, especially in rural areas.This paper shall explore parameters suited to measure the success of a DRT system and structure their inter-dependencies. Firstly, the paper presents types of flexibility and their different gradations in order to classify varying systems. Secondly, suitable and already used parameters to measure figures of DRT systems like travelled distances and vehicle occupations are examined and with their respective application cases lucidly compared. Thirdly, the paper proposes a four-step evaluation framework and discusses existing and new approaches to comparing the success of different flexible transport systems and future possibilities.

Flight Schedule Optimization Considering Fine-Grained Configuration of Slot Coordination Parameters

In response to the rapid growth of air passenger and cargo transportation services and the sharp increase in congestion at various airports, it is necessary to optimize the allocation of flight schedules. On the basis of reducing the total airport delay time and ensuring the total deviation of flight schedules applied by airlines, it is necessary to consider finely configuring flight schedules with slot coordination parameters, introducing a 5 min slot coordination parameter, and optimizing airport flight schedules in different time periods. This article considers factors such as flight schedule uniqueness, corridor flow restrictions, and time adjustment range limitations to establish a three-objective flight-schedule refinement configuration model, which is solved using the NSGA-II algorithm based on the entropy weight method. Taking Beijing Capital International Airport as an example, the optimized results show that the total flight delay was reduced from 4130 min to 1142 min, and the original delay of 389 flights was reduced to 283 flights. Therefore, flight schedule optimization considering the fine-grained configuration of slot coordination parameters can effectively reduce airport delays, fully utilize time resources, and reduce waste of time slot resources.

Smarter but more unequal transport? How socioeconomic and digital inequalities hinder adoption of mobility apps in the Global South

All over the world, cities are becoming “smarter.” The improved use of data generated by the transport system (e.g. smart cards data), combined with GPS trackers and citizens’ mobile data enabled the development of a new generation of smarter mobile apps (e.g., Waze) and several local real-time public transport services and trip planners. These technologies have the potential to reduce transport inequalities via two mechanisms. First, governments can develop more efficient and evidence-based public transport plans. Second, citizens have access to better, real-time information about public transport for trip planning and, thus, can make better—i.e., more efficient or cheaper—decisions regarding their everyday mobility. To assess whether citizens’ appropriation of smart mobility—as with their appropriation of any other digital service—depends strongly on having a certain set of socioeconomic and digital attributes, we analyzed both a mobility survey and a digital inequalities survey based on representative samples of adult Uruguayans living in the capital Montevideo. We find that while the use of mobility apps increased in the second half of the 2010s, the adoption of these tools was stratified by traditional digital inequalities, such as type of internet access and digital literacy, and by variables that predict inequalities in both digital and transport fields, such as age, gender and education. As a result, mobility continues to be stratified in favor of those who are more knowledgeable (i.e., tech-savvy) and have greater access to digital technology. Thus, “smart mobility” has failed to ameliorate—and may even exacerbate—transport inequality. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.