Transmission Coefficients Research Articles

Unanticipated discovery: incidental encounter with fasciola hepatica during ERCP - a case report

Introduction and Importance: Fasciola hepatica is a rare parasitic infection in humans. Its incidental detection during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is exceptionally uncommon. This case underscores the importance of considering parasitic infections, even in low-endemicity regions, and the potential implications of dietary and environmental factors in disease transmission. Case Presentation: We present a case of a 31-year-old female from Dhading, Nepal, who underwent ERCP for suspected biliary stone. The patient had been experiencing recurring, non-radiating, burning epigastric pain for 5 to 7 years, which had recently intensified. Previous evaluations, including abdominal ultrasonography, CT, and MRI, revealed a dilation within the Common Bile Duct (CBD) and an obstruction in the biliary system. Methods: This case report has been structured and presented in accordance with the updated consensus Surgical Case Report (SCARE, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/MS9/A533) guidelines 2023.1 Clinical Discussion: During ERCP, cholangiography revealed mildly dilated extra and intrahepatic bile ducts with irregular filling defects in the common hepatic duct (CHD). Sphincterotomy was performed, followed by the extraction of multiple Fasciola hepatica worms. A 7 Fr 7 cm double pigtail plastic stent was placed with a good flow of bile. However, the patient experienced anaphylaxis during the procedure, necessitating swift and tailored administration of appropriate medications to ensure effective management and stabilization. The patient was closely monitored in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) post-procedure. Conclusion: After careful monitoring and treatment, the patient fully recovered. The unexpected discovery of Fasciola hepatica during ERCP is extremely rare. Early recognition and appropriate management of such incidental findings are crucial to ensuring optimal patient outcomes.

Australian vaccine preventable disease epidemiological review series: Hepatitis B, 2000-2019.

Hepatitis B vaccination was nationally funded for adolescents in 1996, with inclusion of universal infant immunisation under the National Immunisation Program (NIP) in May 2000. This study describes hepatitis B epidemiology in Australia in the two decades since 2000. This article analyses newly-acquired (within the prior 24 months) and unspecified (all other) hepatitis B notifications (2000-2019) from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System; acute hepatitis B hospitalisations (2001-2019) from the National Hospital Morbidity Database; and acute (2000-2019) and chronic (2006-2019) hepatitis B deaths from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and Australian Coordinating Registry. Rates over the reporting period were described overall, and by age group, sex, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status (Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander versus other [neither Aboriginal nor Torres Strait Islander, unknown or not stated]). Trend analyses were performed using Poisson or negative binomial regression. Additional analyses were performed for the cohort born after May 2000. The annual all-age notification rate per 100,000 per year declined (p < 0.001) from 2.13 in 2000 to 0.65 in 2019 for newly-acquired hepatitis B and from 38.3 to 22.3 for unspecified hepatitis B (likely to predominantly represent chronic hepatitis B). Newly-acquired and unspecified hepatitis B notification rates were lowest among children aged < 15 years. The most substantial reductions in notification rates of newly-acquired hepatitis B were among adolescents aged 15-19 years and young adults aged 20-24 and 25-29 years (respectively 17-, 11-, and 7-fold); these age groups also recorded the most substantial reductions in unspecified hepatitis B notifications (respectively 5-, 3.5-, and 2-fold). Newly-acquired hepatitis B notification and acute hepatitis B mortality rates were two- to threefold higher in males than females. The all-age newly-acquired hepatitis B notification rate in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people decreased twofold between 2000 and 2019, but remained threefold higher than in other people. Acute hepatitis B hospitalisations also declined over the study period (p < 0.001) and followed similar patterns. There were no acute or chronic hepatitis B deaths among people born after May 2000; this cohort featured 52 newly-acquired and 887 unspecified hepatitis B notifications. Due to lack of data on country of birth (and hence eligibility for infant vaccination under the NIP or overseas programs), vaccination status and likely transmission routes, we were unable to assess factors contributing to these potentially preventable infections. Adolescent and infant immunisation under the NIP has led to significant reductions in notification rates of newly-acquired hepatitis B, and in acute hepatitis B hospitalisation rates, both overall and in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Unspecified hepatitis B notification rates have also greatly decreased in children and young adults, likely largely due to the impact of overseas infant immunisation programs on prevalence in child and adolescent migrants. Work to improve completeness of variables within national datasets is crucial, along with enhanced surveillance of both newly-acquired and unspecified hepatitis B cases to investigate transmission routes, vaccination status and factors contributing to acquisition of hepatitis B, in order to optimise the impact of immunisation programs and ensure linkage with care.

Wave interaction with multiple thin flexible porous barriers in water of uniform finite depth

The interaction of water waves with multiple flexible porous barriers partially immersed in a uniform finite-depth fluid is investigated in the present study. Using linear theory, the physical problem is mathematically modeled as a boundary value problem. The eigenfunction expansion approach is used to generate the velocity potential function in terms of orthogonal eigenfunctions. The Havelock’s inversion formula is then used to convert the boundary value problem into a set of Fredholm-type integral equations. By choosing a suitable weight function, the multi-term Galerkin’s approximation technique is used to obtain the mathematical solutions of these integral equations in terms of the Chebyshev polynomial. Numerical solutions regarding the reflection and transmission coefficients, hydrodynamic forces, and dissipated wave energy at the barriers are obtained and graphically represented in several figures for various non-dimensional parameters. It is observed from the graphical representations that the permeability and flexibility of the barriers play a crucial role in the modeling of efficient breakwaters.

Broadband metasurface bandpass filter with wide angular stability for the Ku-band

Broadband spatial spectral filters have consistently been in high demand due to their diverse and extensive applications across numerous fields in the past decades. In this paper, a broadband metasurface (MS) bandpass filter (BPF) with wide angular stability was proposed and investigated at Ku band. The unit-cell of the proposed MS BPF is consisted of the cross-shape structure (CSS) sandwiched with two layer identical four-square-patches (FSPs) and dielectric substrates. Finite element method (FEM) simulation indicates that the designed MS BPF has distinctive broadband transmission coefficient of over −3 dB from 12.75 GHz to 16.8 GHz with a relative bandwidth of 27.4 %, which is basically consistent with equivalent circuit model (ECM) calculation. The physical mechanism underlying the proposed MS BPF is elucidated through the introduction of impedance matching theory, electric field and surface current analysis. Further numerical simulation has confirmed that the designed broadband MS BPF exhibits valid performance across a wide spectrum of incident angles, encompassing both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations. Finally, a prototype has been fabricated for measurements, and the proposed design has been validated through comprehensive analysis of simulated and measured results. Due to its excellent transmission properties, the proposed MS BPF shows potential application in such as radar, remote sensing, and satellite communication.

A modified displacement discontinuity method for seismic wave propagation across rock masses with thin-layer joints

Seismic wave propagation across rock masses with thin-layer joints by the modified displacement discontinuity method (M-DDM) is of great importance for geophysical surveys. The M-DDM introduces a frequency-dependent effective stiffness to describe the dynamic stress-closure relationship of a thin-layer joint. We verify the accuracy of M-DDM in studying seismic wave propagation across rock masses with thin-layer joints. Subsequently, we evaluate the influence of the joint thickness and the incident wave frequency on M-DDM accuracy. We analyze the prediction error of the transmission coefficient obtained with M-DDM. The results demonstrate that the frequency-dependent effective joint stiffness increases with increasing incident wave frequency and decreases with increasing joint thickness. Compared with the traditional displacement discontinuity method (DDM), M-DDM more accurately predicts the transmission coefficients of seismic waves propagating across thin-layer joints. The transmission coefficient prediction error obtained based on M-DDM increases with increasing joint thickness and incident wave frequency and is always smaller than that obtained based on DDM. Therefore, the M-DDM can be used to effectively investigate seismic wave propagation across rock masses with thin-layer joints.

Adverse childhood experiences are associated with HIV risk factors in Agbogbloshie, Ghana

ABSTRACT Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have been associated with increased risk factors for HIV transmission, but the causal pathway is uncertain. This study documents the prevalence of ACEs by gender and their association with HIV risk factors and assesses depressive symptoms as mediating this relationship. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2019 among a representative sample of men and women, aged 18–24 years, living in an informal settlement in Accra, Ghana. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, ACEs, ten HIV risk factors (five sexual behaviors, HIV/AIDS knowledge, sexual assault, three substance use behaviors), and depressive symptoms were collected. Multiple logistic regression models were estimated to assess the independent association between four or more ACEs and each of the ten HIV risk factors. Structural equation models examined depressive symptoms as a mediator in these associations. A third (34.6%) of participants reported four or more ACEs, and among those who experienced four or more ACEs 60% were men and 40% were women. Gender did not modify the effect of the association between four or more ACEs and HIV factors and therefore the multiple regression analysis was not stratified by gender. After controlling for sociodemographic covariates and depressive symptoms, having experienced four or more ACEs was associated with alcohol use (OR = 3.88; 95% CI: 1.34, 11.21), injection drug use (OR = 2.78; 95% CI: 1.15, 6.73), low knowledge of HIV (OR = 3.59; 95% CI: 1.43, 9.00), sexually transmitted infection (OR = 3.70; 95% CI: 1.15, 11.96), and sexual assault (OR = 3.58; 95% CI: 1.07, 12.05). There was some evidence that depressive symptoms could be mediating the association between reporting four or more ACEs and ever having a sexually transmitted infection. The mitigation of ACEs and depressive symptoms has the potential to decrease HIV risk factors and thus reduce the risk for HIV transmission among youth living in informal settlements.

Salmonellosis in Ukraine: An analysis of food products contamination, Salmonella transmission, and serovar diversity during 2012–2023

A laboratory-based surveillance was conducted to study the transmission of Salmonella infection in Ukraine during the period 2012-2023. The study focused on the different categories of food products, feed, and animals as the main transmission factors and tried to analyze the relationship between them. The serological profile of Salmonella was predominantly observed in samples from objects of veterinary control, including biological/pathological material from animals and biomaterials from poultry within the National Poultry Salmonellosis Control Program. The study found that the most frequently isolated serovars were S. Enteritidis (20.03%), followed by S. Typhimurium (14.76%), S. Pullorum (without biovar identification;10.71%), S. Pullorum biovar Pullorum (10.50%), S. Pullorum var. Gallinarum (6.62%), S. Choleraesuis (5.79%), S. Livingstone (2.53%), and S. Infantis (1.70%). In 2021, an isolate of monophasic S. Typhimurium was identified for the first time in pathological material from pigs. The study also found that the most frequent Salmonella-positive categories of food products in Ukraine were meat and meat products (78.16%), eggs and egg products (11.75%); dairy products (3.319%), fish products (2.71%), ready-to-eat food products (1.96%). The largest specific share of Salmonella isolates from food products and feed was S. Enteritidis, followed by serotypes such as S. Infantis, S. Typhimurium, S. Livingstone, S. Virchow, and rare serotypes such as S. Nigeria and S. Thompson. The dominance of certain serovars such as S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Infantis, S. Livingstone, and S. Virchow in biomaterials from sick animals indicates their primary role in the infection of food products of animal origin. Hence, a stress to enhance diagnostic and monitoring frameworks at animal herd levels. The findings of this study can be used as a basis for evidence-based epidemiology, as well as for the implementation of joint steps to improve the effectiveness of control measures against salmonellosis in each region.

Compact metamaterial-based single/double-negative/near-zero index resonator for 5G sub-6 GHz wireless applications

The concept, performance, and analyses of distinctive, miniaturized metamaterial (MTM) unit cell addressing the forthcoming Sub 6 GHz 5G applications are presented in this paper. Two circular split-ring resonators (CSRR) with two parallel rectangular copper elements in front of the design and a slotted square element in the background make up the suggested metamaterial. It has a line segment with tunable features that is positioned in the center of the little ring copper structure. The suggested design offers a significant operating frequency band of 220 MHz together with a resonance of transmission coefficient S21 at 3.5 GHz. Furthermore, in two (z & x) principal axes of wave propagation, wide-range achievement, single/double-negative (S/DNG) refractive index, negative permittivity, and near-zero permeability properties were demonstrated. Through varying central slotted-strip line length, resonance frequencies can be selectively altered. Moreover, the metamaterial has overall dimensions of 9 × 9 mm2 and is composed on a Rogers 5880 RT substrate. In order to create the suggested MTM's equivalent circuit, which shows similar coefficient of transmission (S21), a proposed design’s numerical simulation is carried out in the CST micro-wave studio. This simulation is after that put to comparison with manufacturing of the design.

Tracing the evolution of the chikungunya virus in Argentina, 2016-2023: independent introductions and prominence of Latin American lineages

ABSTRACT Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has emerged as a significant public health concern due to its rapid spread and potential for causing debilitating epidemics. In Argentina, the virus has garnered attention since its introduction to the Americas in 2013, due to its growing incidence and impact in neighbouring countries. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of the spatiotemporal dynamics of CHIKV in Argentina, focusing on the evolutionary trajectory of its genetic variants. Through a combination of active surveillance, screening of historical and recent samples, and whole-genome sequencing, we traced the evolutionary history of CHIKV lineages circulating within the country. Our results reveal that two distinct genotypes circulated in Argentina: The Asian lineage during the 2016 epidemic and the ECSA lineage in 2023. This distribution reflects the dominance of particular variants across Latin America. Since 2023, the ECSA lineage has led to a surge in cases throughout the Americas, marking a significant shift. The replacement of lineages in the American region constitutes a major epidemiological event, potentially affecting the dynamics of virus transmission and the clinical outcomes in impacted populations. The spatiotemporal analysis highlights CHIKV's distribution across Argentina and underscores the significant role of human mobility, especially when considering recent epidemics in neighbouring countries such as Paraguay and Uruguay, which have facilitated the spread and introduction of the viral strain into different districts. By integrating epidemiological data with genomic insights, we elucidate the patterns of virus dissemination, highlighting key areas of transmission and potential factors contributing to its spread.

An algorithm for computing scattering poles based on dual characterization to interior eigenvalues

We present an algorithm for the computation of scattering poles for an impenetrable obstacle with Dirichlet or Robin boundary conditions in acoustic scattering. This paper builds upon the previous work of Cakoni et al . (2020) titled ‘A duality between scattering poles and transmission eigenvalues in scattering theory’ (Cakoni et al . 2020 Proc. A. 476 , 20200612 ( doi:10.1098/rspa.2020.0612 )), where the authors developed a conceptually unified approach for characterizing the scattering poles and interior eigenvalues corresponding to a scattering problem. This approach views scattering poles as dual to interior eigenvalues by interchanging the roles of incident and scattered fields. In this framework, both sets are linked to the kernel of the relative scattering operator that maps incident fields to scattered fields. This mapping corresponds to the exterior scattering problem for the interior eigenvalues and the interior scattering problem for scattering poles. Leveraging this dual characterization and inspired by the generalized linear sampling method for computing the interior eigenvalues, we present a novel numerical algorithm for computing scattering poles without relying on an iterative scheme. Preliminary numerical examples showcase the effectiveness of this computational approach.

Investigation of nano MgO loaded polyvinyl chloride polymer in protective clothing as a nonlead materials

Recently, investigation of advanced shielding materials to be used as an alternative to lead apron has become important. In the current study, MgO loaded into PVC matrix as a non-lead modern shielding composite was modeled to evaluate its performance on radiation protective clothing (RPC). Parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), mean free path (MFP), flux buildup factor (FBF), transmission factor (TF) and lead equivalent value (LEV) of samples were calculated using MCNPX Code. The simulation of the MCNP code was validated, by comparing the mass attenuation of concrete sample, with standard XCOM data and very good agreement was attended between XCOM and MC Code results. The MAC of nano and micro-sized samples were also compared with pure PVC and it was found that the nano MgO particle exhibits higher attenuation compared to micro MgO particle and pure PVC. The results show that, the MAC of samples increased to 63.13 % in 1.332 MeV with increasing filler concentration of nano MgO to 50 wt% relative to pure PVC. Investigation of LEV shows that nano MgO sample has more effective than Pb in 1.173 and 1.332 MeV gamma ray energy so that it provides 36.46 % and 11.13 % lighter RPC than Pb ones.

Nanohole array integrated metal insulator metal (MIM) based structure employing dual mode SPR sensor for detection of Hemoglobin (Hb) in blood

Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) based optical biosensors are recently the most attractive sensing devices that can detect minor changes in refractive index. Multiple methods have been developed to design SPR based biosensors with high-performance and ease of fabrication. This research is about a grating based biosensor that utilizes Silver (Ag) and Titanium (Ti) to produce the SP resonance state. The structure has a resonance wavelength, which displays sensitivity to changes in the surrounding medium of the refractive index. The study has been conducted using numerical simulations, utilizing the finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) method.The simulation results shows a sharp resonance peaks in the wavelength range of 450-700 nm with a remarkable sensitivity of 172 nm/RIU (for mode 1 at SPR peak 465 nm) and 515 nm/RIU (for mode 2 at SPR peak 585 nm), which is superior to other on-chip device. The investigation involves a comparative analysis of sensing performance, focusing on parameters like transmission, reflection, FWHM and Quality factor to measure the detection accuracy of the proposed material combination. Later, we employed this miniature biosensor device to detect hemoglobin concentrations in the blood. Our findings indicate that this developed structure has great potential for detecting any biomolecule, such as proteins, glucose, fructose, nucleic acids, and cells.

Coupled relativistic magnetrons with phase-locked Gaussian radiation pattern

To address the inherent power limitations in a single relativistic magnetron (RM), we explore the feasibility of coupling multiple phase-locked RMs without compromising power conversion efficiencies. Successful phase locking of two coupled A6 RMs, where radiations are axially extracted as TE11 modes, has been achieved. The interaction between the two RMs is facilitated by a well-designed waveguide with a transmission coefficient exceeding 98% in the L-band. In our designed system, as per the particle-in-cell simulation results with a diode voltage of 560 kV, the RMs' peak power of the Gaussian radiation pattern reaches approximately 3.4 GW. The relative phase jitter between these two tubes is effectively controlled within ±1.6%, and the power conversion efficiency reaches up to 48.1%. This study presents a viable approach to enhance the output power of RMs while maintaining phase-locked Gaussian radiation patterns.

Hydrodynamic performance of multi-chamber oscillating water columns in a caisson array

A theoretical model based on the linear potential flow theory and eigenfunction expansion-matching method is developed to analyze the interaction between water waves and multi-chamber oscillating water columns (OWCs) embedded in a caisson array. The semi-analytical solution consists of the diffraction and radiation components of periodic OWCs. The velocity singularity at the tip of the OWC chamber walls is resolved by implementing a Chebyshev polynomial expansion. The unknown expansion coefficients are determined by the continuity equations of velocity and pressure at the interface of subdomains. The semi-analytical solution is verified using the Haskind relation and the conservation law of wave energy flux. It is found that multi-chamber OWCs have higher hydrodynamic efficiency over a broader frequency bandwidth than traditional single- and dual-chamber OWCs. The maximum hydrodynamic efficiency η increases with increasing of chamber number (J), from 0.5 (J = 1) to nearly 1.0 (J = 8 and 12). It is also found that a larger incident wave angle leads to a narrower frequency bandwidth for energy capturing. Increasing the incident wave angle from π/3 to 5π/12 results in a decrease of the first cutoff frequency kc from 2.41 to 2.02, and therefore results in the energy capture bandwidth narrowing accordingly. Both constructive and destructive hydrodynamic interactions between caissons array and OWCs are observed. Interestingly, when configuration of the OWC chambers is reversed, the transmission coefficient remains unchanged.

Measuring global cerebrovascular pulsatility transmission using 4D flow MRI

Pulse wave encephalopathy (PWE) is hypothesised to initiate many forms of dementia, motivating its identification and risk assessment. As candidate pulsatility based biomarkers for PWE, pulsatility index and pulsatility damping have been studied and, currently, do not adequately stratify risk due to variability in pulsatility and spatial bias. Here, we propose a locus-independent pulsatility transmission coefficient computed by spatially tracking pulsatility along vessels to characterise the brain pulse dynamics at a whole-organ level. Our preliminary analyses in a cohort of 20 subjects indicate that this measurement agrees with clinical observations relating blood pulsatility with age, heart rate, and sex, making it a suitable candidate to study the risk of PWE. We identified transmission differences between vascular regions perfused by the basilar and internal carotid arteries attributed to the identified dependence on cerebral blood flow, and some participants presented differences between the internal carotid perfused regions that were not related to flow or pulsatility burden, suggesting underlying mechanical differences. Large populational studies would benefit from retrospective pulsatility transmission analyses, providing a new comprehensive arterial description of the hemodynamic state in the brain. We provide a publicly available implementation of our tools to derive this coefficient, built into pre-existing open-source software.

Dependence of the Light Transmission Coefficients of Multifunctional Glazing on the Angle of Incidence of Radiation

Dependence of the Light Transmission Coefficients of Multifunctional Glazing on the Angle of Incidence of Radiation

Experimental Study on Spacing Effect in Arrays of Draft-Varying Floating WEC-Dikes

This study examines the impact of the spacing parameter on the efficacy of an array of hybrid modules functioning as both floating breakwaters and wave energy converters. The dual functionality is ensured by the ability of the device to autoadjust its submergence. The behavior of multiple 1:40 scaled modules was tested in the wave tank of the University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”. The objective was to assess the hydraulic performance of the array by analyzing transmission, reflection, and dissipation coefficients under different wave conditions. Specifically, the transmission coefficient ranges between 0.85 and 0.51, depending on the relative wavelength and wave steepness, while the reflection and dissipation coefficients vary, respectively, between 0.70–0.20 and 0.55–0.3. In any case, the results underscore the critical importance of the spacing parameter.

A 4-port flexible MIMO antenna with isolation enhancement for wireless IoT applications

This paper presents a conformal, miniaturized, and geometrically simple monopole antenna designed for Vehicle–to–Everything (V2X) communications. The antenna consists of a flexible substrate, radiating patch, ground, and metallic stubs. Meandered lines are added to the U-shaped radiator to achieve the required bandwidth of the antenna. The antenna has |S11|< −10 dB magnitude from 5.06 to 7.24 GHz, attaining a peak low magnitude of–68 dB. The antenna is configured into a 4-port Multiple–Input–Multiple–Output (MIMO) setup to minimize the mutual coupling between its elements. The proposed flexible MIMO antenna offers bandwidth from 5.37 to 7.34 GHz and a peak moderate gain of 4.63 dBi with omnidirectional stable radiation patterns. To improve the mutual coupling, two hollow concentric circular structures, in combination with a pair of stub networks are integrated between the elements of the MIMO system. The transmission coefficient and surface current analysis confirm the effectiveness of the decoupling structure. The presented MIMO antenna is characterized by high isolation, a low envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), and high diversity gain, suitable for V2X MIMO communication scenarios.

Subgenomic flavivirus RNA as key target for live-attenuated vaccine development.

Live-attenuated flavivirus vaccines confer long-term protection against disease, but the design of attenuated flaviviruses does not follow a general approach. The non-coding, subgenomic flavivirus RNA (sfRNA) is produced by all flaviviruses and is an essential factor in viral pathogenesis and transmission. We argue that modulating sfRNA expression is a promising, universal strategy to finetune flavivirus attenuation for developing effective flavivirus vaccines of the future.

Camera-IMU extrinsic calibration method based on intermittent sampling and RANSAC optimization

Accurately calibrate the extrinsic parameters between a camera and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) is a prerequisite for achieving sensor data fusion in visual-inertial navigation systems. Due to delays introduced by triggering, transmission, and other factors, the sampled times of the camera and IMU do not align with the system timestamps, leading to a decrease in the accuracy of extrinsic calibration. Existing calibration methods are unable to avoid the temporal misalignment between the camera and IMU. This paper introduces a novel intermittent calibration sampling method to address temporal misalignment challenges. The approach entails detecting motion-stillness transition points in the IMU data as keyframe segmentation criteria, thereby decoupling data acquisition from system timestamps and aligning it with the sensor’s motion process. Subsequently, the robot hand-eye calibration method is applied to the extrinsic calibration of the Camera-IMU, combining the Random Sample Consensus algorithm to filter the poses of the camera and IMU. This process achieves precise calibration of extrinsic parameters. Experimental validation shows that the algorithm proposed in this paper enhances calibration accuracy when compared to the widely used Kalibr Camera-IMU calibration toolbox. The rotational extrinsic parameter accuracy increased by 181.25%, and the translational extrinsic parameter accuracy improved by 168.33%. These findings provide effective technical means for precise measurement of Camera-IMU extrinsic parameters.