Translation Of Work Research Articles

The Translation Memoir: An Introduction

ABSTRACT This introduction presents the frame and contents of this volume devoted to the translation memoir. The translation memoir is formed at the intersection of life writing and translation studies, in which translators interweave reflections on their practice, craft, texts they translate and positionalities they occupy. As such it is a kind of creative-critical research carried out by translators. It offers a unique entry into texts, languages, cultures and the work of translation. The contributions included in the volume explore the way in which the subject position of writing can be displaced and problematised by inserting the translator's voice and subjectivity into a text, as the translator is precisely the player within a textual ecology who is supposed to not occupy a central position, but reside on the margins, invisible or couched in shadows, speaking only through the voice of another. The writings discussed in this volume, and in some cases the writings themselves, are thus a form of translational experimentation insofar as they break some of the rules, or push the limits of translation as precisely that which is not traditionally considered an original, authored writing. As such it is also a location from which to carry out critiques of other dominant paradigms such as national or gender-based oppressions.

The Translational Work of Interoperability: Digital Health and Data Enabling Integrated Care Special Interest Group Workshop

Introduction: Members of the Digital Health and Data Enabling Integrated Care Special Interest Group came together at ICIC22 to discuss priority issues. One critical international struggle is the challenge of interoperability to support information and data sharing and communication as cornerstones of integrated health and social care systems. 
 Aims and Objectives: The emphasis of SIG work in 2023-2024 will be to deeply engage with the critical challenge of interoperability. From an integrated care perspective what is required is understanding the translational work needed to make the sharing of information and data useful and meaningful to those who need it. In this meeting, delegates will work together to unpack the translation problem of interoperability in terms of translating information between stakeholders (e.g. between patients, families and their care teams), between disciplines (e.g. between different clinicians and providers), and between sectors (e.g. between health and social care sectors), with the aim to share current work and identify knowledge and practice gaps that we can address as a SIG for the next year. 
 Audience: All existing and newly interested members of the SIG are welcome to join for this discussion. Our membership consists of patients and family caregivers, researchers, frontline providers, managers, system leaders and decision-makers, policy makers, informaticians, and industry partners. 
 Structure and engagement: This session will use the hour largely to engage with delegates to meet session objectives. To set up the discussion we will begin with a short introduction from SIG leads (C. Steele Gray, L. Lewis, I. Meyer) followed by SIG member (J. Piera-Jiménez) to present the case example of Catalonia’s Digital Health Strategy and their efforts towards improved interoperability that addresses limitations of current information systems, reduces loss of meaning in information exchange, and advances standardization of care processes. Delegates will next break into small groups (5-6 per table with one facilitator), to discuss what translation needs would be required to implement an interoperable system (like Catalonia’s), and how those needs could be met (e.g. consensus group discussions, technological solutions like Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing). Facilitators will use a live Google Jamboard to record ideas shared by the individual groups. 
 Structure: 1) Introduction (10 minutes); 2) Catalonia Example (10 minutes); 3) Table Discussions (25 minutes); 4) Identification of current work and gaps (15 minutes)
 Summarizing take home messages: In the final 15 minutes of the session the full group will reconvene to review the live Google Jamboards and engage in priority setting of translation needs. Delegates will be asked to identify where they may already be working on identified needs, and where current gaps might exist. This exercise will allow us to bring together sub-groups to tackle translation problems who would then engage in webinars and/or discussion groups between ICIC23 and ICIC24 with the aim to generate a white paper, report, or journal special issue that would bring together current and new knowledge generated by SIG members of the translational work of interoperability.

They are our daughters; Agatha, Jiah Anna, Rosa, Sohwa Therese and our son Kunjoo DaegonAndrea. They are very good at their behaviors (務玆稼穡)! (Tcheonzamun 641st-656th)

French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that ‘The thousand character essay’ was utilized as text for instructing Chinese children for Chinese characters. This education was carried out from the ancient China (Dallet, 1874). The thousand character essay is called as ‘Tcheonzamun’ in Korea. Korean people firmly believed that Tcheonzamun was created by Chinese people (Han, 1583). But several researchers studied that Tcheonzamun poem was well interpreted through Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021a). These researchers found that Tcheonzamun poem was well translated through Korean pronunciation of Chinese characters (Park et al., 2021b). This is the work of translation of Tcheonzamun poem. Several researchers suggested that a Tcheonzamun poem is consisted of 16 Chinese characters in Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021a; Park et al., 2021b). There are two methods for the translation. The first one is through the meaning of Chinese characters in Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021a). The second method is through Korean pronunciation of Chinese character in Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021b). In this study, the translation was done through the meaning of Chinese character in Tcheonzamun. And the pronunciation of Chinese character in this study is taken from the somewhat old textbook of Tcheonzamun (Han, 1583). This study is for the translation of Tcheonzamun poem. This translation is carried out through the meaning of Chinese character in Tcheonzamun. And the range of this study is (Tcheonzamun 641st-656th). The title of this study is ‘They are our daughters; Jieun Agatha, Jiah Anna, Rosa, Sohwa Therese and our son Kunjoo DaegonAndrea. They are very good at their behaviors (務玆稼穡)! (Tcheonzamun 641st-656th)’. The theme of this Tcheonzamun poem is as follows. 649-652 治(Ti) 本(Bon) 於(Eo) 農(Long). This third line shows the secret of the life (治本於農), the hope for our life! And her husband says to his wife as follows. My dear wife! I will speak loudly this joyfulness! I will say to everybody again and again! Yes, this is our great pleasure (治本於農)!.

Yan Zhao Folk Art: Challenges and Future Perspectives

Yan-Zhao folk art is an indispensable part of Chinese traditional culture and plays an important role in inheriting Chinese culture. The translation work of it is also crucial. This article briefly introduces the Yan-Zhao culture, as well as the developing history of Yan-Zhao paper-cutting and tea art, and introduces the characteristics of these two folk arts. It also looks the translation situation of these two folk arts, mainly focusing on the plight and challenges they faced in translation. Through case analysis, some difficulties in translation work can be identified, such as the difficulty of translating unique cultural symbols, significant differences between Chinese and foreign cultures, and the difficulty in conveying the implicit content of folk culture and art. It aims to raise awareness among learners about these issues and propose methods to address these challenges. In order to improve the translation of this type of folk art, the article explores the opportunities that can be seized in the current translation of folk arts, aiming to combine these opportunities with ideas and suggestions for solving translation problems. Finally, the article concludes that when translating content with cultural features, translators can deepen their understanding of their own culture, select appropriate foreign language vocabulary for translation, and utilize tools such as the internet and artificial intelligence to better derive translation solutions, ensuring accurate conveyance of the original text's meaning and achieving effective cross-cultural communication.

Ludwik Kondratowicz jako wydawca staropolskich pisarzy łacińskojęzycznych. Problemy edycji

Ludwik Kondratowicz (1823–1862) first came to prominence in wider literary life as a translator and publisher of works by Polish Latin-language writers of the 16th and 17th centuries. The course of his translation work is known from the translator’s letters, above all to Jozef I. Kraszewski and Antoni Pietkiewicz, with whom he consulted his initiative. The translator’s works were published between 1848 and 1855 in two collections: Translations of Polish-Latin Poetry of the Zygmunt Era [Przekłady poezji polsko-łacińskiej epoki Zygmuntowskiej], and The Country’s Chronicle Writers [Dziejopisowie Krajowi], each comprising six volumes. For both series, Kondratowicz gave an aesthetically pleasing graphic design, as well as valuable editorial content, providing individual works with introductions and factual footnotes (by himself and, among others, Mikołaj Malinowski). The translation and publishing work received relatively considerable recognition from the culturalmilieu of Vilnius, but also of Warsaw and Greater Poland, and was meticulously remarked upon above all by the critics of the “Biblioteka Warszawska”. The reviewers’ opinions show the areas of interest of literary historians of the time. However, there was hardly any place for editorial and philological phenomena. Still, Syrokomla’s translation initiative restored forgotten Old Polish writers to literary and social life, and proposed a publishing model that was perpetuated in the following decades.

Microbiome Depletion Increases Fentanyl Self-Administration and Alters the Striatal Proteome Through Short-Chain Fatty Acids.

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a public health crisis currently being exacerbated by increased rates of use and overdose of synthetic opioids, primarily fentanyl. Therefore, the identification of novel biomarkers and treatment strategies to reduce problematic fentanyl use and relapse to fentanyl taking is critical. In recent years, there has been a growing body of work demonstrating that the gut microbiome can serve as a potent modulator of the behavioral and transcriptional responses to both stimulants and opioids. Here, we advance this work to define how manipulations of the microbiome drive fentanyl intake and fentanyl-seeking in a translationally relevant drug self-administration model. Depletion of the microbiome of male rats with broad spectrum antibiotics leads to increased drug administration on increased fixed ratio, progressive ratio, and drug seeking after abstinence. Utilizing 16S sequencing of microbiome contents from these animals, specific populations of bacteria from the gut microbiome correlate closely with levels of drug taking. Additionally, global proteomic analysis of the nucleus accumbens following microbiome manipulation and fentanyl administration to define how microbiome status alters the functional proteomic landscape in this key limbic substructure. These data demonstrate that an altered microbiome leads to marked changes in the synaptic proteome in response to repeated fentanyl treatment. Finally, behavioral effects of microbiome depletion are reversible by upplementation of the microbiome derived short-chain fatty acid metabolites. Taken together, these findings establish clear relevance for gut-brain signaling in models of OUD and lay foundations for further translational work in this space.

Between Language and Reality: Translation in Ramon Saizarbitoria’s Martutene

The mistrust of the possibilities of language to represent reality is among the main features of the narrative work by the Basque author Ramon Saizarbitoria. This mistrust is brought out by the wavering narration and the employ of an unreliable narrator, as well as by the author’s reflections on translation. This article will review the theoretical positions that Saizarbitoria has maintained and expressed in books and interviews: starting from the idea of ​​translating developed in his own work, he offers a rich speculation about the function of translation in the Basque literary system. In addition, the author’s ideas about translation that appear in his novel Martutene (2012) will be analysed, namely embodied in the character Julia. The aim is to describe the grounds and forms of the wide space of representation that opens up between language and reality. Therefore, the translation practices developed by Julia will be commented upon, since translation is described as the space in which the gap between language and reality is produced in a more stable way. Through the fictional character Julia and her translation work, Saizarbitoria presents several of his own opinions and obsessions about the proper use of language in the search for the “exact name” of things.

Source and target factors affecting the translation of the EU law: Implications for translator training

Abstract By virtue of its very nature, the process of translating European legislation presents certain particularities that any translator working in this domain must be aware of. These particularities are mainly related to the manner in which the EU law is drafted, to the categories of people representing its intended audience, and to what is understood by the concept of equivalence. All these aspects determine an interesting interplay between the source and the target factors influencing the process of translating the EU law. Which are the source factors, on the one hand, and the target factors, on the other, that facilitate the creation of a good translation in this field? Which are the implications that the particularities of the process of translating EU legal texts have for the process of translator training? The article will offer some answers in this respect, relying on both theoretical information and qualitative research data relevant for the translation from English into Romanian.

Integrating interview-based approaches into corpus-based translation studies and literary translation studies

Abstract The article discusses the increasing role of corpus data in translation studies (a field that has developed several autonomous sub-fields striving for full recognition), including mediated interviews of literary translators as paratexts complementing textual analysis in the translated text circulation, appreciation, and evaluation. The question of corpus design should be envisaged in conjunction with corpus usability, i.e. fitness for purpose. In this respect, it is important to train awareness of the potential of corpora of mediated interviews in real-life settings, in literary translation research and work environments. Furthermore, the article is intended to contribute to building more productive and innovative interfaces of corpus-based translation studies and literary translation studies in the digital humanities era, as well as to provide tools meant to bridge the gap between theory and practice.

The Temperature of our home must be high! (Tcheonzamun 801st-816th)

French Missionary Dallet (1874) described that ‘the thousand character essay’ was utilized as a textbook for the children in ancient China. It was for the education of Chinese character for the Chinese people as well as for the Korean people (Han, 1583). ‘The thousand character essay’ is called in Korea as ‘Tcheonzamun (千字文)’ (Han, 1583). There are two methods for Tcheonzamun translation. The first one is through Korean pronunciation of Chinese character (Park et al., 2021 b; Kim, 2023). And the second one is through the meaning of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021 a). There is an additional method. It is the method for deleting the same or the similar part of Chinese character on the same line (Kim 2023). The range of this work is (Tcheonzamun 801st-816th). In the present work, the pronunciation and the shape of the Chinese character on Tcheonzamun come from somewhat old Tcheonzamun book (Han, 1583). This is the work of translation of Tcheonzamun poem (Tcheonzamun 801st-816th). The title of this work is ‘The temperature of our home must be high! (Tcheonzamun 801st-816th)’. The theme of this research is as follows. 809-812 飽(Po) 飫(Eo) 烹(Paeng) 宰(Zae). 809-812 飽(Po)-食=包 飫(Eo)-食-丨-乂=二 烹(Paeng)-亠-二-丨丨-丁=灬 宰(Zae)-亠- 八-二-丨=宀. Here, 乂 and 丁 are similar in their shape. (丨丨) and 八 are similar each other. My husband! Do you want two (二) of us, you and your wife (me), being together (包) and loving each other? My husband! In order for us to be so, the temperature of our home (宀) must be high (灬)! Thank you very much, our Lord Jesus! We had better make warm the environment of our home! 813-816 飢(Keui) 厭(Yeom) 糟(Zo) 糠(Kang). 가요! 죽어! Ka-yo! Zug-eo! My loving husband! Flee (Ka-yo!) from my brothers and my sisters, or you will be killed (Zug-eo!) by them!.

E.I. Kychanov’s Translation of the “Revised and Newly Approved Code of the Heavenly Prosperity Reign” in the Context of the Development of Modern Translation Studies

E.I.Kychanov was well known in Chinese academic circles since 1980s, and his translations of ancient Tangut manuscripts into Russian are often used by Chinese scholars as reference material. This article focuses on the scholar’s translation of the Tangut “Revised and Newly Approved Code of the Heavenly Prosperity Reign (1149–1168)” and analyzes some features of his translation work, his chosen strategies and methods, and also comments on the Chinese specialists’ attitude to E.I.Kychanov’s translation of the Tangut legal text.

Pre-Clinical Investigations of the Pharmacodynamics of Immunogenic Smart Radiotherapy Biomaterials (iSRB).

The use of an immunogenic smart radiotherapy biomaterial (iSRB) for the delivery of anti-CD40 is effective in treating different cancers in animal models. This study further characterizes the use of iSRBs to evaluate any associated toxicity in healthy C57BL6 mice. iSRBs were fabricated using a poly-lactic-co-glycolic-acid (PLGA) polymer mixed with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles incorporated into its matrix. Animal studies included investigations of freely injected anti-CD40, anti-CD40-loaded iSRBs, unloaded iSRBs and control (healthy) animal cohorts. Mice were euthanized at pre-determined time points post-treatment to evaluate the serum chemistry pertaining to kidney and liver toxicity and cell blood count parameters, as well as pathology reports on organs of interest. Results showed comparable liver and kidney function in all cohorts. The results indicate that using iSRBs with or without anti-CD40 does not result in any significant toxicity compared to healthy untreated animals. The findings provide a useful reference for further studies aimed at optimizing the therapeutic efficacy and safety of iSRBs and further clinical translation work.

Pandemic impact as worldview and paradigm clashes between science and society and between science and politics. Is there a role for pedagogy of science and worldview education?

ABSTRACT The worldwide impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been enormous. It has affected the justification of the contributions from academia, and resulted in rapid spreading of misinformation and conspiracy theories. The use of the social media has during the pandemic intermixed the space between the private and the public domain, and has interfered with an adequate functioning public sphere. In this article I will sketch some remarkable aspects of the pandemic impact on the sciences and on society at large. Then, I will argue that conceptualisations of ‘worldview’ and ‘paradigm’ could be of use to shed light on clashes between science and society and between science and politics. In the discussion section, I will deal with the impact of the new social media on the public sphere, present what a pedagogy of science perspective might contribute in dealing with such clashes, and how theories and practices of inter-worldview education might be interpreted as stimulating examples for dealing with other differing worldviews and paradigms and how to practice translation work, in order to learn to live democratically together with consensus and dissensus. I finish with a short epilogue.

Students’ Perceptions of Using U-Dictionary as A Media in Translation At MTSN 17 Jakarta

This study aims to understand students' perceptions of using U-Dictionary as a support tool in the translation process. The study was conducted using qualitative methods and involved students from MTsN 17 Jakarta, who used U-Dictionary in translation activities. Data were collected by translating a descriptive text and collecting data using a questionnaire about the process of using U-Dictionary in translation work of Grade 9 students. Analysis results show that students at MTsN 17 Jakarta has a generally positive view of usage. of U-Dictionary as a means of translation, noting its advantages in understanding and finding equivalents. However, some challenges were also identified, including limitations in dictionary functionality and language capabilities. These results provide valuable insights into the effectiveness and usefulness of U-Dictionary as a translation aid, as well as its potential impact on improving translation performance. of students. This study recommends further development of dictionary technology and better integration into educational programs to support the use of U-Dictionary as an effective means of learning translation.

Authentic in English Only: The Necessity of Trilingual System in the WTO

This review paper questions the necessity of trilingual system in the World Trade Organisation (WTO), inspired by the authentic in English only on the cover of the US submission in the US-Gambling case. WTO, as the delegation of more than 160 countries, its official languages (i.e., English, French, Spanish) are rather Euro-centric. Even though the WTO has trilingual corpus and database, its trilingual systems face many problems, such as discrepancies in law translations, incoherent references, and the dominance of English usage. This review also mentions other international organisations which have multiple official languages and puts forward some possible approaches to improving the language diversity in the WTO. One of the measures is to start from establishing other languages (e.g., Arabic and Chinese) corpus and database, and interpretation and translation working station of other languages as a trial. The language data from both sides can serve each other, paving the way to the future language prosperity.

What makes knowledge translation work in practice? Lessons from a demand-driven and locally led project in Cameroon, Jordan and Nigeria

BackgroundOver the years, the knowledge translation (KT) field has moved from promoting linearized models to embracing the importance of interaction and learning. Likewise, there is now increased attention on the transfer of KT approaches to new environments. Some scholars, however, have warned that ideas about transferability still hinge on linear thinking and doing. In the current study, we therefore sought to use a more reflexive approach to KT and to study how actors align KT approaches with their local environments.MethodsOur (auto) ethnographic study took place in a wider KT project. This project intended to combine three components: (1) co-organizing demand-driven, locally led and embedded KT cycles in Cameroon, Jordan, and Nigeria, (2) building upon established KT methods and (3) equipping and empowering local teams. We conducted 63 semi-structured interviews with key KT actors, observed 472 h of KT practices, and collected a paper trail of documents. At the same time, we also compiled project exchanges, such as project documents, plans, protocols, field notes, meeting notes and an archive of (email) correspondence between project members. We analysed all data abductively.ResultsWe show that there were numerous moments where the design of our project indeed enabled us to align with local practices and needs. Yet this often did not suffice, and the project design sometimes conflicted with other logics and values. By analysing these tensions, we want to show that doing KT work which acts upon different values and knowledges and is sensitive towards the different effects that it produces demands both structuring projects in a specific way and requires significant alignment work of KT actors in practice.ConclusionsWe show that practising KT more reflexively relies on two important conditions. First, KT projects have to be structured with sufficient discretionary space. Second, even though the structure of a project is important, there will be continuous need for alignment work. It is important to facilitate such alignment work and to further support it. In the discussion of this paper, we therefore articulate three design principles and three sensitivities. These elements can be used to make future KT projects more reflexive and sensitive to (social) complexity.

Metaphors and practices of translation in anglophone anthropology

This article argues that while translation as a metaphor was prominent in anglophone anthropology for most of the second half of the 20th century, the practices of interlingual translation that are often central to the production and circulation of disciplinary knowledge have tended to attract much less attention. The first main section begins by briefly reviewing debates about the idea that anthropology crucially involves ‘the translation of culture’ or ‘cultural translation’. This use of translation as a metaphor to characterize the discipline emerged within both UK and US anthropology in the 1950s, but subsequently became subject to sustained criticism. The focus of the article then shifts in the second and third sections to practices of translation in, respectively, anthropological fieldwork and the international circulation of anthropological texts. More specifically, it examines the difficulties associated with interlingual translation in fieldwork and ethnographic writing; the hidden or invisible ‘translation work’ undertaken in the past by the assistants and spouses of ethnographers; and the translation of anthropological work into other languages. The article concludes by calling on more anthropologists to publish detailed accounts of their own translation practices, arguing that in so doing they will be able to draw on valuable historical antecedents from within the discipline, important collections of anthropological reflections on translation that have appeared over the past 30 years, as well as on relevant work by translation studies scholars and sociologists of translation.

Übersetzungsstrategien und -prozesse in Hänsel und Gretel-Übersetzungen

Abstract The story of Hansel and Gretel, published by the German Brothers Grimm, has been translated from German to Turkish many times by many translators. In this context, our study aimed to examine the translation approaches, processes and strategies of translation works produced by different translators and in different years. The sentences forming the source text were selected at random and their equivalents were searched for in three different translation texts. Our research evaluated general translation strategies and included the similarities/differences found in the source and target translation works. As a result, it can be seen that translation strategies such as addition, rearrangement, enlargement and reduction are applied. Our study was examined according to Gideon Toury‘s goal-directed translation theory and tried to determine within the framework of adequacy and acceptability using examples.

Pleonasm in English – Polish – German. Translation and Implications for Foreign Language Teaching

The following article elaborates on the problem of pleonasms. These are expressions that occur in every language where one element repeats the meaning of the whole phrase and is thus redundant. The aim of the planned study is to ascertain how students of English and German deal with pleonasms and whether they retain them in translation. A second important aspect for examination is the extent of students’ translation experience and language awareness, measured in this study by how conscious their approach to pleonasms in translation work is. Two groups of students will be tested – those in their 2nd (without translation experience) and those in the 3rd year of study for a bachelor’s degree in Applied Linguistics. The results will be compared on the students’ completion of three translation tasks: translation from Polish into German and English, translation from German into Polish and from English into Polish. Based on the results of the translation tasks, several didactic implications are suggested to promote language awareness regarding, in particular, redundancy and pleonasms.

Adoniram Judson's Burmese Bible: Dependency and Development

AbstractAdoniram Judson is widely perceived as the pioneer Bible translator in Burma. His translation of the entire Bible into Burmese, however, built upon three centuries of Roman Catholic missionary outreach. Catholic priests had arrived as chaplains for Portuguese immigrants to Burma in the early sixteenth century, but an indigenous Burmese Catholic church was established within a generation through intermarriage. Barnabite missionaries arrived in the early eighteenth century and engaged in a dynamic hundred years of missionary work. These Catholic missionaries developed key Christian terminology and discourse that Judson drew upon in his translation work. British Baptists were also in Burma for several years before Judson arrived and made their own contribution to Burmese Bible translation. An analysis of the Burmese translations of the Lord's Prayer by Barnabite missionary Giovanni Maria Percoto (1776), British Baptist James Chater (1812), and Judson (1817 and 1832) demonstrates how Judson both drew upon and developed the work of his predecessors in his immense project of translating the entire Bible into Burmese (1840). The Judson Bible, still the most widely used and highly esteemed version in modern-day Myanmar, is an intertextual production. Literary and oral texts, all shaped by their historical settings, intersected multiple other texts over a period of three hundred years before flowing into Judson's translation.