Translation Competence Research Articles

Assessing the Development of Translation Competence Acquisition: A Case Study of MTSL Students at Abdelmalek Essaadi University –Tetouan

This study seeks to investigate the evolvement of translation competence acquisition while relating it to the progression in translation training. The assessment of the progress (if any) in translation competence acquisition is conducted through the investigation of the performance and the perception of MA translation students in the Faculty of Letters and Humanities in Tetouan. The study is meant precisely to shed light on trainees’ perspectives on translation assessment and to trace the development in acquiring translation competence via identifying indicators of that development in learners’ translations at different stages of learning. The aim is to reveal areas of translation sub-competences where learners exhibit more progress and to detect sub-competences that they find more challenging to develop. The descriptive method we implemented draws upon questionnaires that were delivered to MA learners to gather data about their perspectives on the acquisition and development of translation competence, and the observation reports that describe the common teaching practices as well as the assessment tools used to gauge the progress of learners’ translation competence. The selection of texts that pose prototypical translation problems allows for the identification of indicators of the trainees’ acquisition of the required sub-competences to deal with these translation problems. The findings of the study reveal that even though establishing specific competencies to be acquired by the end of translation training is a prior step in designing programs, there is always room for adjusting these competencies to align them with the trainees’ profile, the objectives of the course and the curriculum at large. To this end, assessment of the trainees’ proficiency provides useful information, at different stages of learning, on the learners’ achievements and on the learning areas that require enhancement.

National Identity and Foreign Borrowing in the Legal Forms of Personnel Management: History and Modernity

Relevance. The introduction of special rules for the use of foreign vocabulary in the texts of public acts, improving the form of a business letter, modifying the structure of documents in accordance with the powers of public authorities are trends in the current and past Russian administration experience. Both in the modern and historical and legal context of scientific research, it is relevant to consider state approaches in the field of regulating official paperwork, which are aimed at forming a stable management model in accordance with domestic national interests and values. The purpose of the study is to establish the relationship between elements of national identity and foreign models in the state personnel practice of document flow in Russia in the 18th century, which is useful for taking into account this experience in modern transformations of the foundations of legal and business writing.Objective: are to consider legislative innovations in terms of regulating the field of record keeping and personnel management; to identify forms of record keeping in the XVIII century and socio-political factors influencing their application; a retrospective assessment of the methodology for drafting texts of government acts.Methodology. The methodology is based on comparative legal, comparative historical, historical legal and systemic research methods.The results of the study indicate the improvement of grammatical, stylistic, translation and other business skills and competencies of personnel of public authorities. A historical and legal analysis of the directions of development of personnel management revealed an active borrowing of foreign vocabulary in the execution of administrative acts. The clerical mechanism of interdepartmental communication gradually became more complicated, and the procedure for receiving and responding to petitions from private individuals was regulated. Conclusion. The experience of forming the Russian management and personnel practice of paperwork, developing in conditions of value crises and political contradictions, is important for taking into account the political and legal measures carried out in the modern state.

Linguistic Means of Speech Manipulation in the Discourse of Modern German-Language Media

This article touches upon the problem of identifying and analysing speech manipulation in the texts of the German-speaking media. The media determines linguistic and cultural pictures of the world, so the analysis of media language will help to establish trends of influence on the cognitive consciousness of society. In today’s geopolitical environment, the basic functions of the media transform, as it uses specific techniques of speech manipulation to achieve informational and emotive effectiveness, allowing for the distortion of the cognitive perception of information by the audience. The material for this study was German-language media texts, selected by means of a total sampling and semantic-syntactic analysis. The relevance of the study lies in its linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The author states that in the conditions of information pollution all the participants of communication should be able to identify speech manipulation in a text, qualify information in terms of its significance or reliability, and to the risks of exposure to manipulative actions. Taking the peculiarities of speech manipulation methods used in the modern German-language media texts into account, the recipient must have sufficient interpretational competence to allow him or her to overcome the barriers that prevent the identification and mental comprehension of the means of speech manipulation in the texts of foreign-language publications. The main purpose of this study is to remove some difficulties in the perception of information in German-language media text by presenting signs of indirect pressure and speech manipulation in them. To this end, the article classifies the basic techniques of speech manipulation in terms of linguistic analysis, and also justifies the expediency of forming interpretative competence in the sphere of epistemic vigilance. We argue that this competence is effective when it comes to levelling the negative impact of the discourse of German-language media on the cognitive consciousness of the audience.

Technická kompetencia vo výučbe prekladateľov: východiská, súčasný stav a možnosti vývoja

This article deals with technical competence in translator training. It first focuses on the development of thinking about this competence in Slovakia, mentioning translation studies scholars who asked themselves what knowledge and skills a good translator should possess. It also briefly describes how technical competence is defined by the international competence framework European Master’s in Translation. The next practical part of the article contains a comparative analysis of some of the existing Slovak research focused (not only) on the technical competence of Slovak translators. In the last part of the article, we present our attempt to propose a model of teaching translation with a focus on acquiring technical competence. In doing so, we draw on the aforementioned research on the Slovak translation market, on students’ requirements, the integrated model of teaching professional translation (Kraviarová, 2014; Angelovičová – Bachledová, 2021), Lisá and Newman’s model of competences (2020) and on technical competences as defined by EMT (2022). This article's main aim is to propose a model that reflects the current market needs, students’ demands and rapid technological development.

A Key Tacit Knowledge Manual for Enhancing the Translation Competency of Business English Major New Graduates

A Key Tacit Knowledge Manual for Enhancing the Translation Competency of Business English Major New Graduates

Competency in electrocardiogram interpretation among medical interns and residents of internal medicine and ER residents

Background: For both undergraduate and graduate medical students, understanding how to interpret an ECG is essential. It has been demonstrated that accurate ECG interpretation influences the course of care for several acute cardiovascular emergencies, such as acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest patients. Aim: This study aims to assess the Competency in Electrocardiogram Interpretation Among Medical interns and Residents of Internal Medicine and ER residents. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted including intern medical students at Taif University and IM and ER residents who are actively doing residency training programs in Taif Hospitals including (King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital, Al-Hada Armed Forces Hospital, and King Faisal Hospital). The survey was conducted from November 01, 2022, to November 30, 2023. ECGs were selected from the ECG textbooks and ECG web blogs and will be reviewed by two cardiologists. After the ECG strip selection, the reviewed structured questionnaires were distributed to the survey participants. Results: A total of 163 medical interns and residents were included. Exact 79 (48.5%) aged less than 25 years and 84 (51.5%) aged 25 years or more with a mean age of 25.1 ± 3.2 years old. A total of 88 (54%) were females. Overall ECG competency level among medical interns and internal medicine and ER residents. A total of 59 (36.2%) had an overall high competency level with ECG, 79 (48.5%) had moderate ECG competency, and 25 (15.3%) had a low competency level. The overall competency score ranged from 1 to 10 with a mean score of 6.6 ± 1.9 points out of 10. Receiving training and having an ACLS course was significantly associated with competence level (P< 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the current study showed that medical interns and residents in Taif showed an average competence level regarding ECG interpretation with higher competence e among those who were trained and received ACLS courses.

Informatisation Path of English Teaching and Translation Professional Competence Cultivation in the Internet Era

Abstract University English translation teaching is an important part of cultivating students’ translation ability, and the application of information technology in the Internet era can open up a better path for English translation teaching. In this paper, we design an information technology pathway for English translation teaching, which achieves personalised recommendation of English translation learning resources by constructing the ECA-CSGCN model to help students carry out online independent learning of English translation. The application effect of the pathway is explored using independent sample t-tests after evaluating the model’s performance. The accuracy, recall, and F1 value of the resource recommendation for ECA-CSGCN are higher than those of the other comparative models on the three experimental sample sets. Its RMSE values for recommendation accuracy are 0.75%, 0.69%, and 0.66%, respectively, which are better than other models. It indicates that the ECA-CSGCN resource recommendation algorithm performs better and is suitable for the task of English translation learning resource recommendations. Before the experiment, the independent samples t-test of English translation scores for the experimental group that adopts the informatised teaching path of English translation in this paper and the control group that adopts the traditional classroom teaching model shows that there is no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group (P=0.91>0.05). After the experiment, there is a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.02<0.05). It shows that the application effect of the computer-based approach to English translation teaching designed in this paper is better than traditional teaching methods, which helps to cultivate students’ professional competence in translation.

Content aspects of translation training programmes at chinese universities

The paper deals with the problem of training translators in higher education institutions of the People's Republic of China. Translation training programmes are offered by polytechnic, educational and language universities. It is stated that in China, translation training at the master's level is provided not only at language universities, but also at universities of applied sciences. The system of requirements for the content of bachelor's and master's programmes is considered. It is established that the training of translators at the bachelor's level consists of two stages: the basic and the professional training stage. Translation training programmes have the same structure at both stages, but differ in the content of the structural components, which are: theory, translation, interpreting, translator's tools, cultural literacy. The main competences required for obtaining a master's degree in translation are highlighted: language competence, translation competence, intercultural communication competence, competence in acquiring encyclopaedic knowledge, and teamwork competence. The basic stage focuses on fostering students' good academic style and correct teaching methods and on building basic bilingual skills. At the vocational stage, the focus is on developing students' practical interpretation and translation skills. As a result of professional translation training, a translation specialist should be able to translate texts of various genres, using translation principles and techniques professionally; be able to translate texts in various fields, such as politics, economics, automotive, business, medicine, into Chinese, and be able to translate texts in related fields into foreign languages. It has been determined that in order to better meet the current needs of society for qualified translators, universities create professional courses on a scientific basis. Such courses include, in particular, technical translation, translator's tools, and cultural studies.

Safeguarding the Jordanian Oral Literature by Translation in Jerash Province

The goal of this study is to look into how oral literature in Jerash region, Jordan, is translated. To revitalize Jordan's heritage, two major questions were raised: to what extent translated proverbs, idioms, and linguistic expressions can revive Jordan's heritage for generations, and what challenges or opportunities in safeguarding Jordanian proverbs, idioms, and linguistic expressions in Jerash city by translation are. From a methodological standpoint, a personal interview was devised to include ten questions about how oral literature is translated; it was administered to a representative sample of English teachers in Jerash. Because the schools in Jerash were the subject areas, the population of concern (PoC) included all of the English instructors in Jerash city (N. 57); those with translation competency were 24 (=42.1%). The oral literature of Jerash was discovered to be in need of translation and efficient classification; there were too many stories to tell and render forth. Specialized training and ethical principles in cultural translation are essential for maintaining oral literature (or orature) and passing on heritage to future generations. A collaboration with the Jordanian Ministry of Culture and/or the Public Libraries of Jerash could be organized, with the objective of hosting a book fair.

Application of Corpus Analysis Software and Error Analysis Theory on Non-English Majors’ Chinese-English Translation Features

This research focuses on non-English major students’ Chinese-English (C-E) translation features. It aims at annotating and summarizing the features and error types in students’ C-E translation by applying to corpus analysis software Readability Analyzer. This study first collects students’ C-E translation texts from a computer-based exam, then forms a self-constructed corpus and a reference corpus. The translation materials in the target corpus and the reference corpus are first analyzed and compared by Readability Analyzer to figure out the features of students C-E translation texts from the perspectives of sentence length, word length, percentage of difficult words, Flesch Reading Ease, Dale-Chall Score, Fry Readability Grade Level. After that, different types of errors in students C-E translation are labeled and analyzed based on statistical analysis and Error Analysis (EA) theory. According to Readability Analyzer, students C-E translation texts have the following features. From passage statistics, it shows that translation texts that get lower scores tend to use shorter sentences and easier words. In addition, from readability scores, Flesch scores, Dale-Chall Scores shows and Fry Readability Grade Level are taken into consideration. Flesch scores shows that compared with the reference corpus, students’ translation which get lower scores are harder to understand since there are more language errors than higher-score translation. Dale-Chall Scores indicate that translation materials which score 8-9 are very close in the difficulty of word-using with the reference corpus. Fry Readability Grade Level shows that texts of lower scores are simpler and more accurate than texts of higher scores. According to Error Analysis (EA) Theory, students’ errors are further classified and discussed on lexical level, sentence level and textual level. The conclusions of this research are expected to make contributions to the improvement of C-E translation teaching and help college students, especially non-English majors, to enhance their C-E translation competence.

Translation Competence in Translator Training Programs at Saudi Universities: Empirical Study

Translation Competence in Translator Training Programs at Saudi Universities: Empirical Study

ENGLISH TERMINOLOGY IN UKRAINIAN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TEXTS: TRANSLATION ASPECT

The article focuses on the functioning and translation of English scientific and technical terminology, which play a significant role in information systems and intercultural communication. It emphasizes the importance of classifying and structuring terms in scientific and technical communication, which facilitates the translation and localization of technical texts for international use. Therefore, translation competence is integral to the professional polycode environment and characterizes not solely a translator-linguist, but also an expert in related fields of knowledge. This is particularly relevant in the scientific and technical field. The research primarily analyzes various aspects of English scientific and technical terminology, including the definition of the term and terminology, their classification, sources of borrowing and methods of word formation. In addition, terms are identified as essential elements of scientific and technical texts, as they ensure the accuracy and objectivity of information transmission. Different types of terms are classified by structure, origin and functional purpose. The borrowing of terms from other languages is considered a significant source of vocabulary enrichment in scientific and technical terminology. Various methods of word formation are used to create new terms: affixation, word compounding and conversion. Adapting English terms to the scientific and technical context of the target language involves calquing, transcription and semantic modification. Finally, the use of translational transformations such as replacement, permutation, addition, or omission is examined. It has been proven that the correct application of transformations contributes to a better understanding of the text, ensures linguistic naturalness, and maintains relevance to the context, which is important for effective communication in the scientific and technical sphere.

Переклад як інструмент комунікації фахівців з міжнародних економічних відносин

The communication skills of specialists in international economic relations determine the ease of overcoming linguistic and cultural boundaries in today’s globalized world. As businesses expand into international markets, the demand for professionals with a high level of language competence, including translation and interpretation skills, is high. The article substantiates that translation competence is an integral part of the professional competence of applicants for economic direction, since integration processes and international cooperation increase the requirements for foreign language proficiency not only in the interpersonal sphere, but also in the economic, especially in the field of international business. In the course of the study, the main key challenges and barriers to effective communication in international business are identified and characterized, namely: cultural differences, language barriers, non-verbal communication signals, technological challenges, time zone differences, cross-cultural misunderstandings, translation and interpretation. Emphasis is placed on translation and interpretation, as it is an important tool for facilitating communication between speakers of different languages. Correct translation and interpretation requires not only knowledge of the language, but also cultural competence, understanding of the context and knowledge of the subject. The authors identify the main areas of application of translation and interpretation in international business, including: legal and regulatory documents; financial reports and market analysis results; marketing and promotional materials for international markets; translation of technical specifications, instructions and documentation for products; diplomatic negotiations, international conferences and diplomatic correspondence on economic issues. Thus, translation is an effective tool for effective communication, cooperation and negotiations in international economic relations. By overcoming language barriers, fostering intercultural understanding, and the exchange of information and ideas, translation plays a vital role in promoting economic cooperation, trade liberalization, and sustainable development on a global scale.

Assessing the Level of Electrocardiographic Interpretation Competency among Emergency Nurses in Palestine.

The use of electrocardiograms (ECGs) is widespread among emergency room (ER) nurses for diagnosis and triage, making it crucial for them to have the appropriate level of competency in interpreting ECGs. This can lead to better healthcare and patient outcomes. This study aims to assess the competency level of emergency nurses in Palestine in interpreting normal ECG and certain cardiac arrhythmias, and to explore the association between socio-demographic characteristics and their ECG interpretation competency. The study used a cross-sectional descriptive design, and 196 ER nurses were conveniently recruited to fill out a self-administered questionnaire based on previous literature. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS with strict adherence to ethical considerations. The results showed that 70.9% of the nurses were males, 65.3% held a bachelor's degree in nursing, 46.9% had 1-5 years of experience, and 60.7% had received previous courses on ECG interpretation. The mean competency level of the ER nurses was satisfactory at 60.714%, but 38.8% had a poor level of competency. This was significantly higher among nurses with higher educational levels (p-value < 0.001), those who had taken previous ECG courses (p-value = 0.045) and life support (p-value < 0.05), and those who were exposed to more ECG interpretations per day (p-value = 0.001). There is a need to focus more on ECG competency levels in Palestinian literature and compare them between different departments. It is also essential to evaluate nurses' needs for continuous education.

Обучение профессиональной подготовке устного переводчика-китаиста с использованием игрового моделирования

This article is dedicated to the relevant topic of training interpreters specializing in Chinese. Theoretical and practical research on finding effective methods for training interpreters primarily focuses on three aspects: developing conceptual principles of education in the context of linguistic education that allow achieving a high level of student engagement in the process of acquiring knowledge and skills; systematizing the evaluation of the effectiveness level of the organizational-technical and substantive structure of education; as well as the conditions for implementing educational programs that meet the target components of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education. Understanding the importance of creating conditions to ensure active participation and maintaining motivation of learners makes game modeling of professional activity in the training process of oral interpreters an important and promising research topic. Most works in the field of translation didactics have a fragmented nature, limited to considering issues of partial use of gaming practices in the process of learning a foreign language and translation, primarily related to the development of specific types of games (role-playing, business, simulation) within a specific module or topic of the discipline program. In such a situation, the positive effects of applying game modeling may be temporary and local, and the assessment of its effectiveness demonstrates low potential in solving tasks related to developing the professional competence of oral interpreters. Therefore, the article justifies the need to study the potential of game modeling integrated into the educational program of the course. The author emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive methodological approach in developing a gaming model, based on systemic, synergistic, context-competence, and communicative-cognitive approaches. The systemic approach in the didactics of translation activity is defined by a philosophical foundation that allows for the justification of the goal, principles, content, technology, and form of teaching. The synergistic approach, based on the systemic one, enables the establishment of interdisciplinary connections and the disclosure of the entire integrated system of preparing an oral translator, theoretically justifying the inclusion of game modeling in the teaching framework. By revealing the nonlinear nature of the educational process, synergetics is capable of providing valuable recommendations for managing the training process of oral translators; identifying common requirements, conditions, and patterns of the learning process. The context-competence approach advocates for the use of interactive teaching methods in the educational process and aims at practical professional experience for future translators. The communicative-cognitive approach is important in understanding translation as speech-thought activity, involving active engagement of learners in the speech-thought process. Drawing on these approaches ensures the creation of a synergistic effect for personal development, enabling professional activities, and modeling professional context in educational activities. Building on these approaches, the author explores the concept of a cross-cutting educational game in the study, describing its principles and stages of implementation within the discipline of basic professional educational programs for oral translators specializing in Chinese. The article also clarifies the content of professional competence for oral translators, presented as a complex system that includes both general translation competencies necessary for translation activities and specific competencies that are prominent in oral translation, such as technological, etiquettal, thematic, emotive, strategic, and reflexive competencies. Through an analysis of existing theoretical and scientific literature, the author concludes that gaming modeling in an educational context is the integration of game elements and gaming technologies into the learning process, allowing for self-assessment and group assessment, fostering critical thinking, and unleashing creative abilities. A topic for further research could be the development of a model for teaching oral translation using gaming modeling of professional translation activities.

TRANSLATION OF CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURES BY ARABIC-SPEAKING EFL LEARNERS

This study assesses the translation and pragmatic competences of native Arabic-speaking EFL students. A sample of 30 senior students enrolled in the BA program in English Language and Literature at a university in the United Arab Emirates was given an online translation task developed by the researchers. The translation task required participants to translate contextualized conversational implicatures taken from the American sitcom Seinfeld into Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). The findings showed that the participants resorted to various strategies, including word-for-word translation, literal translation, idiomatic translation, faithful translation, and free translation. It was also found that the participants’ use of a particular translation strategy depends on their comprehension of the implication and their linguistic competence. This observation underscores a positive correlation between the participants’ comprehension of implicatures (pragmatic competence) and the quality of their translations. This study emphasizes the necessity of training Arabic EFL learners in identifying and interpreting conversational implicatures.

A Study on the Development of Cognitive-based MTI Translation Competence

A Study on the Development of Cognitive-based MTI Translation Competence

Introducing MTPE pricing in translator training: a concrete proposal for MT instructors

ABSTRACT In recent years, machine translation post-editing (MTPE or PE for short) has been steadily gaining ground in the language industry. However, studies that examine translators’ perceptions of, and attitudes towards, MTPE paint a somewhat negative picture, with PE pricing methods and rates being a major source of dissatisfaction. While the European Master’s in Translation Competence Framework stresses the importance of preparing translation graduates for market challenges, to date there have been no concrete suggestions for practical activities designed to introduce MTPE-pricing-related topics into the translation classroom. The present article aims to address this gap by describing a teaching unit developed for master’s students. The activity includes comparing three MTPE pricing methods commonly used in the industry: word-based, time-based and effort-based rates. Using authentic performance data from individual PE tasks carried out in MateCat, students were able to discover the different levels of remuneration they would receive for the same task, depending on the pricing method applied. The results, which show wide variation across both methods and students, proved useful in raising students’ awareness of the thorny issue of setting PE rates and sparking reflection on the financial implications of accepting PE assignments.

Establishing translation competence during the philologist training process

Establishing translation competence during the philologist training process

The Components and Development of Translation Competence of Translator in the Information Age

The Components and Development of Translation Competence of Translator in the Information Age