Transformation Tasks Research Articles

A general spatial transformation process? Assessing the neurophysiological evidence on the similarity of mental rotation and folding

Mental rotation and mental folding are established as archetypal mental spatial transformation tasks. Yet, it is uncertain as to whether these tasks rely on a general spatial transformation mechanism or on dedicated processes. We scrutinized benchmark mental spatial transformation findings for and against the concept of a shared mechanism in two EEG experiments, on mental rotation and folding respectively. We found the typical increase in reaction times with greater transformation difficulties for both tasks, however there was no relationship between participants’ reaction time slope for each task. Analyses of event-related potentials revealed a negative going component 400–800 ms post stimulus onset which distinguished transformation from baseline in both tasks, but only differed between difficulty levels for mental rotation. We found that this component originated from two parietal sources. A central parietal source displayed negativity in this time period distinguishing only transformation from baseline conditions in mental rotation and folding. Additionally, a left parietal source showed the same pattern for mental folding as the central source, but rotation yielded greater negativity for higher difficulties. Time-frequency analyses revealed desynchronisation in broadband alpha power throughout mental rotation and folding trials in both parietal sources, commensurate with a cognitive load being placed on transformation and visuospatial systems. We discuss a possible functional explanation for the results in line with a general spatial transformation process, for which we argue the evidence is stronger than for distinct rotation and folding mechanisms.

A deep learning pipeline to simulate fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in head and neck cancers using non-contrast CT images without the administration of radioactive tracer

ObjectivesPositron emission tomography (PET) imaging is a costly tracer-based imaging modality used to visualise abnormal metabolic activity for the management of malignancies. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that non-contrast CTs alone can be used to differentiate regions with different Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake and simulate PET images to guide clinical management.MethodsPaired FDG-PET and CT images (n = 298 patients) with diagnosed head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) were obtained from The cancer imaging archive. Random forest (RF) classification of CT-derived radiomic features was used to differentiate metabolically active (tumour) and inactive tissues (ex. thyroid tissue). Subsequently, a deep learning generative adversarial network (GAN) was trained for this CT to PET transformation task without tracer injection. The simulated PET images were evaluated for technical accuracy (PERCIST v.1 criteria) and their ability to predict clinical outcome [(1) locoregional recurrence, (2) distant metastasis and (3) patient survival].ResultsFrom 298 patients, 683 hot spots of elevated FDG uptake (elevated SUV, 6.03 ± 1.71) were identified. RF models of intensity-based CT-derived radiomic features were able to differentiate regions of negligible, low and elevated FDG uptake within and surrounding the tumour. Using the GAN-simulated PET image alone, we were able to predict clinical outcome to the same accuracy as that achieved using FDG-PET images.ConclusionThis pipeline demonstrates a deep learning methodology to simulate PET images from CT images in HNSCC without the use of radioactive tracer. The same pipeline can be applied to other pathologies that require PET imaging.

Energy Legislation and Economic Transformation: The Case of the British Industrial Revolution

The industrial revolution first occurred in Britain and was inextricably linked to its energy transformation. The land tenure system, the regulations of coal property rights and their changes have strongly contributed to the realization of this transformation. Therefore, based on the historical reflection on the origin of the industrial revolution, energy legislation should establish the primacy of energy transformation, gradually improve the institutional design of new energy, break the path dependence, promote energy innovation, and finally complete the historical task of economic transformation by structuring power and market with a dualistic view.

Balancing needs: young unemployed Finnish adults’ discourse on well-being and its relation to the sustainability transformation

Meeting human needs while respecting ecological limits is one of the daunting tasks of the sustainability transformation. To succeed in it, it is vital to discuss, to reconstruct, and to deconstruct the dominant discourse on well-being. How young people understand well-being is a particularly important issue since they are the prospective harbingers of change. However, the public discourse on youth is often problem-oriented, especially regarding youth not in employment or education. In this article, the gaze is directed at one such group. Group-interview data of young unemployed Finnish adults are analyzed to explore how they conceptualize well-being and how this understanding relates to the sustainability transformation. We interpret the data with the help of a need-based theory of sustainable, multidimensional, and relational well-being (the Having-Doing-Loving-Being framework). The study demonstrates that the young adults’ discourse is compatible with the framework, and differs distinctly from the prevailing policy discourse on well-being by giving far less weight to monetary aspects, and by its emphasis on meaningfulness, ethical activities, and connectedness with nature. The article concludes with implications for the sustainability transformation regarding consumption, employment policies, social and health services, biodiversity and conservation, positive sustainability, and the theory of sustainable well-being.

Digital Transformation of Tax Administration

The article substantiates the need and importance of digital transformation of tax administration in response to the challenges of deepening digitalization processes in all sectors of the economy and responding to epidemiological threats. The current trends of digital transformation of tax administration according to the subjective approach with the definition of additional economic and social effects for the development of public administration, business environment and welfare of society are identified and characterized. Based on these transformational trends, the qualitative level of digital maturity of tax administration in the world is generalized, which allowed concluding the active form of the global digital space of tax administration, which integrates digital infrastructure and digitalization of taxation processes, information interaction, information resources and tax data and norms of tax regulation, mechanisms of organization and management, as well as to form the tasks of digital transformation at the level of taxation processes. Given that the digital transformation of tax administration does not fundamentally change its essence and elements but concerns procedural issues, the potential of digital technologies is demonstrated in the example of foreign and Ukrainian practices of implementing Blockchain and smart contracts based on Blockchain, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence Technologies, Machine Learning, cloud technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) as technological tools for the organization of tax relations and tax administration. Attention is paid to problematic aspects of fair taxation of digital business, its products and services (digital assets, digital services, and artificial intelligence and cloud services). The processes of digital transformation of tax administration in Ukraine are described. It is substantiated that to determine the level of effectiveness and the degree of progress of the digital transformation of tax administration, it is necessary to develop a methodology for assessing digital maturity and a system of indicators for specific contours of measurement. This is accepted as the goal of further research to ensure flexible fiscal policy and rapid response to the effects of crises, including the latest epidemiological challenges, improving tax surveillance and compliance control to ensure fiscal stability and tax security, better, transparent and fairer digital tax environment.

EXPLORATORY RESEARCH ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIGITAL SERVICE SUPPLY CHAIN CAPABILITY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE

Cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) has developed rapidly in the recent years, with continuous formation of new patterns in international and domestic double cycle development in the post-epidemic era. CBEC will be playing a more important role and undertake the task of foreign trade transformation and driving domestic economic growth. In this case, the corresponding service supplies chain capability（SSCC）becomes a key part of whether the CBEC platform could complete the task. Based on the grounded theory, this research has collected data through interviews with the relevant people working in the supply chain department of the CBEC platform to systematically explore the key factors behind dynamic service capability of the digital supply chain within the CBEC platform service ability. Then, the author constructs the theoretical model of the Digital Service Supply Chain Capability. The results show that the CBEC digital service supply chain capability consists of the logistics, capital flows and information flows. Data analysis includes internal data and external data, while internal data consists of the three main categories — customer demand forecast, product quality prediction and internal data collection & analysis. Finally, external data consists of the three main categories: market intelligence collection, assessing supplier risks and big data.

TRANSFORMATIVE ASPECTS OF SUPERVISION

The article analyses the most relevant anthropological and transformative tasks of social work supervision in the context of today’s risk society, promoted by the process of globalisation with its instrumental rationality, which devalues the significance of the personality in the social system. The article provides the ontological grounds of the transformative function of supervision based on synergic patristic anthropology, and describes the simultaneous vectors of the transformative function in the supervision process: 1) experiential (experience-based) transformative learning, or acquisition of ‘practical wisdom’; and 2) anthropological transformation as a process of recreation of true self-identity. The article conceptually emphasises the decisive influence of the intrinsic quality of the supervisor’s personality in the performance of the transformative tasks of supervision, as well as the supervisor’s ability to form reciprocity relations with supervisees in the supervision process.

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГЕТИКЕ

The tasks of digital transformation of the electric power industry, the introduction of modern technologies of artificial intelligence and the Internet of energy by energy companies are con-sidered

A Systematic Literature Review of Law Enforcement Image Recognition Methods based on Generative Adversarial Networks Framework

Image recognition research based on the Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) has been widely used in various specialized technical fields because of its universality, adaptability, and scalability of the adversarial framework. The framework achieves the tasks of image generation, synthesis, and transformation to improve the image resolution and recognition rate, which is consistent with the purpose of the police in the image recognition work. However, the task of applying the GAN method to police image recognition is not widely explored. In this paper, we systematically review related research to understand the current applications of GAN in the field of image recognition and summarize their contributions. We analyze 35 academic papers after 2018 to provide a state-of-the-art research stream. According to the GAN applications, we divided the dataset into three domains, which are image-to-image translation, image augmentation, and mixed model. The results show that there is little difference in the number of articles in the three fields. In addition, most of the papers use image conversion methods from more than two domains, which indicates that GAN is flexible in designing the framework according to the research tasks. Based on the methods and challenges in the literature, we further propose future research directions.

ВПЛИВ ЦИФРОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ НА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬУПРАВЛІННЯ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ

The article reveals the essence and influence of digital technologies on the effectiveness of per-sonnel management. The use of the latest digital technologies in the field of personnel management in enterprises under martial law in Ukraine is analyzed. Theuse of digital technologies provides easier access to resources and the ability to work from anywhere in the world. There is an opportunity to acquire new knowledge, develop skills, increase the level of competence and professionalism. The flex-ibility of employment, the level of technical and social mobility is increasing. An important advantage is the ability to store and transfer information at the international level in real time. Traditional and digital models of personnel management were evaluated. The expediency of using digital technologies in the Ukrainian practice of personnel management has been proven. The use of innovative digital tech-nologies ensures the growth of labor productivity, the improvement of qualifications and retraining of employees, the creation of an optimal environment for the development of each employee, the imple-mentation of an emphasis on the disclosure of the creative potential of employees, the unification of the personal goal of the employee with the goals of the enterprise. It has been established that the important tasks of digital transformation are effective recruiting, continuous training and development of person-nel, and attracting competent, promising employees. Under the condition of effective recruiting in en-terprises, there will be a strengthening of the quality of personnel, an increase in labor productivity, and an increase in the image of the enterprise on the labor market. The expediency of using social networks, communication robots (“chat-bots”), big data analysis, applications and analytics based on artificial intelligence, cloud technologies in software for personnel management needs is substantiated.

DIGITAL LITERACY OF THE POPULATION AS THE FOUNDATION OF THE DIGITALIZATION OF THE STATE

Digital transformations as a global trend today in Ukraine. The state strives for integration into the Single Information Space of the European Union. The development of digital technologies is the reality of the modern world. Actual digitalization of many spheres - education, health care, social protection, banking sector, taxes, etc. An important stage of innovative changes is the development of digital literacy among the population, namely the understanding of digitization processes at a level that is understandable for everyone. "Number" should become a convenient tool for every Ukrainian. This is one of the most important tasks of digital transformation. Digitization as a defining trend in the development of human civilization is aimed at creating more convenient management processes, simplifying access to services in the fields of education,health care, public services, etc. This is facilitated by the rapid development of the Internet, mobile communications, various online services, which has a positive effect on social and economic activity. Digital transformation is defined as a priority policy of Ukraine in the coming years. According to experts, it can become a future powerful "engine" of the country's economy. Digital literacy of the population is the foundation in the processes of digitization of the country. The Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine launched the national online platform "Action. Digital education" with the aim of acquiring digital skills by every citizen of Ukraine. Digital literacy involves the effective and safe use of modern digital technologies in work, education, professional and personal development.

NETWORK ECONOMY AS A FACTOR OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF DIGITALIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL SOCIETY DEVELOPMENT FROM 1G TO 5G

The relevance of the study of network economy as a factor of improving the efficiency of digitalization in the context of digital society is beyond doubt, as we can see the evolution of networks from 1G to 5G and penetrates many areas of the economy – smart home, smart city, smart factory, smart warehouse, smart construction, etc. Networks are, in a sense, the means of transporting goods, services and information and innovation from point A to point B. The aim of the study is to identify the evolution of the network economy as a factor of improving the efficiency of digitization in the context of 1G to 5G. The methodological basis of the study is determined by a set of philosophical, special and general scientific methods, including systemic methodology, which represents the analysis of the concept of "network" as a complex social and economic phenomenon; structural-functional method that reveals the structure of the network phenomenon and its structural components; Agile-methodology that uses the SCRUM method, aimed at solving and applying total software and solving business issues. The result of the study. 1. The concept of "network" as a factor in the development of the information revolution is analyzed. 2. The evolution of networks up to 5G is revealed, which is a technological advantage and a key resource of most digital society industries. 3. The directions of 5G development according to the main purpose and basic possibilities of services are investigated. 4. The task of digital transformation of platform services of branches of economy is formulated. 5. The use of 5G in the context of the development of smart staff, smart airport, smart construction is demonstrated. The significant advantage of the network economy as a factor of improving efficiency in the context of the evolution of networks from 1G to 5G, contributes to the development of the digital economy, which is based on a smart factory, smart warehouse, smart construction etc. Areas of improvement of networks are the satisfaction of human needs in the digital society. Platform services allow us to create quickly and implement valuable programs for a variety of consumers, solving the basic technical problems of any industry digitization.

ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОЇ АГРЕСІЇ РОСІЇ

The relevance of the topic of scientific research is due to the need for an in-depth analysis of Ukraine's economic transformations in the context of Russia's military aggression for the possibility of accelerated integration into the EU structures.The purpose of the scientific article is to develop theoretical, methodological provisions and practical recommendations for political economic transformations in Ukraine in the conditions of Russia's military aggression.  The article uses the method of a systematic approach in analyzing the main directions of transformation of the Ukrainian economy during the war and after its completion, as well as methods of analysis and comparison in the isolation of certain economic and legal factors that stimulate or restrain the potential of the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement.The article highlights the main political and economic reforms that need to be implemented in Ukraine for the implementation of European integration. Particular attention is paid to the need and possibility of granting Ukraine the status of a candidate for the European Union. All ongoing political and economic reforms in Ukraine must be coordinated with the changes taking place in the EU. Deepening the market transformation of the Ukrainian economy requires the approval of the regulatory framework, the completion of the process of forming an effective market infrastructure in thecountry, and the training of personnel capable of working in the new conditions. It is also important in this regard to strengthen the institution of private property, protect national capital, stimulate entrepreneurship and small businesses.The article analyzes the current political economic problems of the national economy in the conditions of Russian military aggression. The authors of the article consider the main directions of reforming the Ukrainian economy in the context of the implementation of the European integration course of Ukraine.The article identifies certain economic and legal factors that stimulate or hinder the potential of a future agreement on Ukraine's accession to the EU. Ukraine must solve all the tasks of economic transformation in the conditions of unsustainable development of the national economy caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war.

ЕКОНОМІЧНА СИСТЕМА УКРАЇНИ В КОНТЕКСТІ РОЗВИТКУ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ВІДНОСИН

The article implements a set of research tasks in the conditions of a new stage of Ukraine's development on the way to European integration after granting it the status of a candidate for the EU in June of this year. At the beginning of the study, certain historical parallels related to the nature of the transformation of the economic system at various stages of its development were drawn. Their common feature is ignoring the objective conditions for making radical changes in the functioning of the economic system. At the first stage, during the transition from the capitalist system to the socialist socio-economic system, the degree of immaturity of the capitalist form of management was not taken into account. Ultimately, this led to the collapse of this system at the end of the 20th century. At the stage of adaptation of the post-socialist system to market economic conditions, Ukrainian reformers tried to act according to the principle of inversion (return to the previously lost values of the capitalist system) and copying the experience of other states, which did not correspond to the historical realities and national characteristics of Ukraine. After three decades of social experimentation on neoliberal foundations, it may happen after Ukraine stepped on the same rake twice that after stepping on the same rake twice, history may not give her more chance on the way to building a prosperous society. Taking into account these circumstances, a comparative analysis of the trends in the development of the economic system of Ukraine (ESU), the world economic system (WES) and international economic relations (IER) was carried out. On him basis, a conclusion was made about the imperfection of the ESU, which is most pronounced in terms of its structure. The cognitive and pragmatic significance of assessing the state of the ESU in the context of the development of the IER consists in fixing its weak points, which create difficulties on the way to deeper integration into the international economic space in wartime conditions. One should also take into account the heterogeneity of the WES, which is represented by national systems that differ in their development, among which the ESU is one of the outsiders. Therefore, the problem is not to limit the tasks of transformation by mechanically bringing the level of development of the ESU to the average indicators of the WES. For this purpose, was carried out the diagnosis of the state of ESU, WES and IER was carried out by comparing the trends of their development. It is proved that for the successful adaptation of Ukraine to the modern system of the IER, it is necessary not only to restructure the ESU, but also to de-oligarchize social relations and rebuild its institutional foundations.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY FOR THE STUDY OF MECHANISMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY UNDER THE MILITARY SITUATION IN UKRAINE

The publication reveals the methodological aspects of research on the development and functioning of mechanisms of participatory democracy in Ukraine after the military aggression of the Russian Federation. It is noted that on the one hand, the introduction of military situation in Ukraine has limited a number of constitutional rights of citizens and forms of social participation of citizens, but on the other hand, participatory democracy continues to function effectively at the national and local levels in most territories of our state controlled by Ukraine. Public councils continue to function under ministries and central executive bodies, the most important drafts of normative legal decisions undergo public discussions, and electronic appeals to the President of Ukraine demonstrate the interest of citizens in many issues related to Ukraine’s opposition to Russian aggression. Participatory democracy (local initiatives, public hearings, general meeting of residents, participatory budgets) is even more popular in territorial communities. It is noted that the methodology of public administration science research was formed relatively recently, but takes into account the historical achievements of the methodology of other socio-humanitarian research in philosophy, law, economics, and sociology. Under this methodology it is proposed to understand the systems of interdependent and multilevel (philosophical, general scientific, special) methods and their groups, which are complex differentiated tools for understanding the phenomena, processes, statuses and phenomena of public administration, including the essence, content, mechanisms and forms of participatory potential public (state) governance. The importance of transformation of methodology of research of questions of the theory and practice of development of democracy in Ukraine in the conditions of martial law is substantiated. In particular, because of strengthening of this methodology with predictive methods and modeling methods. The updated methodology should create effective cognitive tools for the use of the potential of participatory democracy in the formation of national resistance to Russian aggression. The next important task of transformation of research methodology of participatory democracy in state management is the formation of perspective theoretical models of deepening of democratic transformations in Ukraine during the post-war reconstruction of our state.

Micro-Doppler Extraction of Radar Targets With Translational Motion Based on Spatial Transformer Network

The micro-Doppler (MD) signature, an effect that is induced by micro-motion, characterizes the rich motion information of targets, making it a valuable tool for target classification and recognition. However, the MD structure is always destroyed for radar targets with translational motion. In this letter, we propose an end–to–end translational motion compensation network based on a spatial transformer network (STN). First, the effect of the translational motion on the radar echo and its time-frequency graph (TFG) is modeled, so that translational motion compensation is regarded as an image spatial transformation task. Then, a two-branch convolutional network based on residual modules is designed to locate the transformation parameters, and the TFG containing only MD is obtained using a grid generator and sampler. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has high accuracy and stability.

ANTINOMY: FULFILLMENT OF THE RIGHT TO WORK AND THE RIGHT TO HAVE A GOOD AND HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The spread of Covid-19 can occur through transmission from human to human through droplets, which is why one of the most important preventive measures to be implemented is to carry out restrictions. However, these restrictions have had a devastating impact on the state's economic system. Even so, if restrictions aren't carried out and implemented, the number of people infected by Covid-19 will continuously increase and threaten humankind. The research method used is a normative juridical legal research method, using the statute and conceptual approaches. Primary and secondary legal materials are collected and inventoried, then processed and studied in depth to obtain a complete picture of the legal issues under study. The results show that there are various laws and regulations aimed at the health sector for the prevention or control of Covid-19, and various laws and regulations in the economic recovery sector have also been issued during the Covid-19 pandemic. The government has fulfilled the guarantee of these rights from various regulations that have been formed. This can also be reflected in the institutions formed in Indonesia that specifically focus on Covid-19-related problems contained in the regulations regarding the formation of the Covid-19 Task Force for Handling Covid-19, as well as the National Economic Recovery and Transformation Task Force. The conclusions that can be drawn in this study are guarantees and fulfillment of the right to work and the right to a good and healthy living environment, not an antinomy during the Covid-19 pandemic. The government has tried to fulfill the guarantee for these rights which can be seen from the various laws and regulations issued during the Covid-19 period, both from the health and economic aspects.

An information theoretic parameter tuning for MEMS-based reservoir computing

With respect to the next frontier of neuromorphic sensing, we propose a parameter tuning method based on mutual information criteria for MEMS-based reservoir computing. It is required for MEMS reservoirs to tune the balance of the linear and nonlinear characteristics and to control their dynamical behaviors depending on driving forces, such as chaos and hysteresis. We focus on a pre-training method for machine learning called the intrinsic plasticity (IP) learning, and apply it to controlling the dynamical behaviors of MEMS reservoirs. First, we demonstrate simulation results for chaos suppression. Next, we applied our IP learning to parameter tuning of the MEMS-based reservoir Finally, we show that our approach can improve prediction accuracy in nonlinear transformation tasks.

Auto-Prep: Efficient and Automated Data Preprocessing Pipeline

Data preprocessing is crucial in the Machine Learning pipeline because the models’ learning ability directly affects the quality of data and the underlying information acquired from this stage. Nevertheless, surprisingly, there are many alternatives for each transformation task, which makes an inexperienced user overwhelmed. A simple Python-based Auto-preprocessing architecture for Automated Machine Learning is developed to offer automated, interactive, and data-driven support to help the users perform data preprocessing tasks efficiently. The suggested method provides valuable insights into a dataset and can handle standard data preprocessing tasks adeptly. Initially, it detects the data problem and presents it to the end-user using compelling visualizations. Then, it recommends the most effective data cleaning and preparation method to the user after evaluating the state-of-the-art candidate techniques. For evaluation, the proposed architecture is employed on ten different and diverse datasets for automatic data preprocessing before passing it to an ML algorithm. The results are then compared with the results generated by the same ML algorithm but implemented on manually preprocessed data. The results have shown that not only did this approach make the whole process uncomplicated and facile, but it was also able to improve the performance of the model significantly.

From Monolith to Microservices: A Semi-Automated Approach for Legacy to Modern Architecture Transition using Static Analysis

Modern system architecture may increase the maintainability of the system and promote the sustainability of the system. Nowadays, more and more organizations are looking towards microservice due to its positive impact on the business which can be translated into delivering quality products to the market faster than ever before. On top of that, native support of DevOps is also desirable. However, transforming legacy system architecture to modern architecture is challenging. As manual modernization is inefficient due to its time-intensive and the significant amount of effort required, the software architect is looking for an automated or semi-automated approach for easy and smooth transformation. Hence, this work proposed a semi-automated approach to transform legacy architecture to modern system architecture based on static analysis techniques. This bottom-up approach utilized legacy source code to adhere to the modern architecture framework. We studied the manual transformation pattern for architectural conversion and explore the possibility of providing transformation rules and guidelines. A task-based experiment was conducted to evaluate the correctness and efficiency of the approach. Two open-source projects were selected and several software architects participated in an architectural transformation task as well as in the survey. We found that the new approach promotes an efficient migration process and produces correct software artifacts with minimum errors rates.