Transfer Control Strategy Research Articles

A Risk Transfer Control Strategy Based on Nodes Configure Constraint Entropy According to Its Importance

In order to provide new measure for risk transfer emergency control, reconstructed an empirical accident network and used the Arena software to simulate the configuration of emergency constraint entropy in network. Simulation results show that when the emergency constraint entropy is shared by an important node, system has the best control effect of risk transfer, and the results lay a theoretical foundation for improving the efficiency of resource allocation in risk control.

A Closed-Loop Control Strategy for Air Conditioning Loads to Participate in Demand Response

Thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs), such as air conditioners (ACs), are important demand response resources—they have a certain heat storage capacity. A change in the operating status of an air conditioner in a small range will not noticeably affect the users’ comfort level. Load control of TCLs is considered to be equivalent to a power plant of the same capacity in effect, and it can significantly reduce the system pressure to peak load shift. The thermodynamic model of air conditioning can be used to study the aggregate power of a number of ACs that respond to the step signal of a temperature set point. This paper analyzes the influence of the parameters of each AC in the group to the indoor temperature and the total load, and derives a simplified control model based on the two order linear time invariant transfer function. Then, the stability of the model and designs its Proportional-Integral-Differential (PID) controller based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is also studied. The case study presented in this paper simulates both scenarios of constant ambient temperature and changing ambient temperature to verify the proposed transfer function model and control strategy can closely track the reference peak load shifting curves. The study also demonstrates minimal changes in the indoor temperature and the users’ comfort level.

A Seamless Transfer Algorithm Based on Frequency Detection with Feedforward Control Method in Distributed Generation System

This paper proposes a control strategy based on the frequency detection method, comprising a current control and a feed-forward voltage control loop, is proposed for grid-interactive power conditioning systems (PCS). For continuous provision of power to critical loads, PCS should be able to check grid outages instantaneously. Hence, proposed in the present paper are a frequency detection method for detecting abnormal grid conditions and a controller, which consists of a current controller and a feedforward voltage controller, for different operation modes. The frequency detection method can detect abnormal grid conditions accurately and quickly. The controller which has current and voltage control loops rapidly helps in load voltage regulation when grid fault occurs by changing reference and control modes. The proposed seamless transfer control strategy is confirmed by experimental results.

Low-Thrust Transfer Design of Low-Observable Geostationary Earth Orbit Satellite

With radar and surface-to-air missiles posing an increasing threat to on-orbit spacecraft, low-observable satellites play an important role in low-thrust transfers. This paper presents the design for a low-thrust geostationary earth orbit (GEO) transfer control strategy which takes into consideration the low-observable constraint and discusses Earth shadow and perturbation. A control parameter optimization addresses the orbit transfer problem, and five thrust modes are used. Simulation results show that the method outlined in this paper is simple and feasible and results in reduced transfer time with a small amount of calculation. The method therefore offers a useful reference for low-thrust GEO transfer design.

Seamless Transfer Control Strategy for Grid-Interactive Inverters

—Single-phase microgrids are widely used in residential houses. The energy storage system with grid-interactive inverters in these microgrids should operate in both grid-tied and standalone modes. In this article, proportional resonant controller for the single-phase grid-interactive inverter with LCL-filter is designed and implimented in the both operation modes. Also, a novel seamless transfer strategy based on hysteresis current control is proposed when off-grid transfer operation is needed. With the proposed method, the inverter is able to provide voltage support to the local critical loads during the whole transfer process when the grid fails. For the grid-tied transfer process, a phase difference eliminating method based on inverter frequency regulation is introduced in this article to eliminate the phase difference between the grid voltage and the inverter voltage when the grid recovers. Simulation and experiments are carried out and the results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

A new seamless transfer control strategy of the microgrid.

A microgrid may operate under two typical modes; the seamless transfer control of the microgrid is very important. The mode conversion controller is installed in microgrid and the control logic of master power is optimized for microgrid mode conversion. In the proposed scheme, master power is very important. The master-power is under the PQ control when microgrid is under grid-connected. And it is under V/F control when the microgrid is under islanding. The microgrid mode controller is used to solve the planned conversion. Three types of conversion are simulated in this paper. The simulation results show the correctness and validity of the mode control scheme. Finally, the implementation and application of the operation and control device are described.

New Overall Control Strategy for Small-Scale WECS in MPPT and Stall Regions With Mode Transfer Control

This paper presents a new overall control strategy for small-scale wind energy conversion systems (WECS). The purpose of the proposed strategy is to utilize a maximum power point tracking control (MPPT) to maximize the captured energy when the wind speeds are below the rated speed. For high wind speed region; two stall controllers are developed: The constant speed stall controller which will limit the rotational speed of the generator to its rated value, and the constant power stall controller, which will regulate the captured power to be within the system rating. For the MPPT control, a modified perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is utilized, where the dc side current is used as a perturbation variable and the dc-link voltage slope information is used to enhance the tracking speed and stability of the algorithm. For the speed and power regulation operation during high wind speeds, the system is controlled in the stall region to limit the rotational speed and the power of the generator. A stabilizing control loop is proposed to compensate for the stall region instability. A new mode transfer control strategy is developed to effectively control the transition between different modes of operation while ensuring the system stability without using any preknowledge of the system parameters. A 1 kW hardware prototype is developed and tested to validate the proposed new control strategy.

Seamless Transfer Control Strategy for Fuel Cell Uninterruptible Power Supply System

Due to the long cold start time and slow dynamics of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell (FC) stack, operating modes transfer control strategy for fuel cell uninterruptible power supply (FC-UPS) is different from the traditional uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system. In this paper, a seamless transfer control strategy, which is suitable for FC-UPS, is proposed. The power conversion architecture of FC-UPS is presented with the characteristic analysis of PEMFC and the requirements of UPS. Then, the scheme of the seamless transfer control strategy is investigated. The proposed seamless transfer control strategy is not only capable of guaranteeing the uninterruptible load voltage, but also protecting FC against the power demands beyond its allowable bandwidth during the transition for long lifespan and safety. Finally, the control scheme has been verified on a 10-kW FC-UPS prototype.

Partial Power Conversion Device Without Large Electrolytic Capacitors for Power Flow Control and Voltage Compensation

A novel partial power conversion device (PPCD) is proposed to realize power flow control and voltage compensation in a three-phase power distribution system in this paper. The PPCD circuit, which is derived from the conventional push-pull forward converter, can achieve arbitrary voltage output without any large electrolytic capacitors. Thus, the system reliability can be enhanced. Furthermore, the converter has no full-rated components, which reduces the cost. In this paper, an injection model for power flow control is derived. A minimum power transfer control strategy is proposed to minimize the power losses during the operation. A closed-loop control method employing the synchronous reference frame theory for voltage compensation is also developed to enable the precise control. The systems with PPCD are simulated by MATLAB/Simulink to verify the functions. The experiments for voltage compensation are carried out based on a 30-kW prototype, which shows the effectiveness.