Scientific Training Research Articles

Jóvenes investigadores: enfrentamiento a las arbovirosis y participación juvenil en el território

This study analyzes a Scientific Initiation (SI) program on arboviroses, from the perception of young high school students in Ceilândia – Distrito Federal. Objective: It aims to understand to what extent the SI mobilizes these young people to participate in surveillance and health promotion actions in the territory and understand their motivation to participate in this project. Methodology: The methodology included the analysis of the essays written for the selection to the Training Course for Scientific Initiation in Basic Education and the Arboviroses, the administration of this course, and later a focus group with students to analyze the SI educational process they experienced. Results: The result of the Content Analysis showed that the students’ perception about the SI could be grouped into six categories: students’ motivation for the scientific initiation; the learning process; the training of young scientists; health and environment; youth participation and empowerment, and perceptions of the Public health system in Brazil (SUS). Conclusion: Confronting arboviroses requires broad-spectrum policies and interventions, and the SI strengthened these young students as subjects of rights, broadened their perception of science, health, relationship with the environment, with the Sistema Único de Saúde and stimulated interest in preventive actions to combat arboviroses in these territories. Submission: 12/19/23| Review: 03/27/24| Approval: 04/24/24

Proceedings of EIMN’s 1st European Immunometabolism Conference

The 1st European Immunometabolism Conference was organized by the European Immunometabolism Network (EIMN) in Køge near Copenhagen, Denmark from June 26 to June 28, 2024. This conference and network aims to serve as a platform for presenting and discussing the latest and most significant advances in European immunometabolism research. Our vision includes promoting collaboration, training, networking opportunities, and diversity in science, especially for early career and upcoming scientists. Here, we summarize the immunometabolism-related work that was presented during the meeting by members of the network, selected early career researchers, session speakers, and keynote speakers. Additionally, we provide an overview of the discussion points from the round table session and conclude with future aims and planned initiatives of the EIMN.

Workshop on “Cutting-Edge Scientific Instruments and Training on XRD, ICP-MS, BET and Multichannel Electrochemical Workstation” at University of Ladakh, UT of Ladakh

Workshop on “Cutting-Edge Scientific Instruments and Training on XRD, ICP-MS, BET and Multichannel Electrochemical Workstation” at University of Ladakh, UT of Ladakh

Posture detection of athletes in sports based on posture solving algorithms

With the rapid development of science and technology, the field of sports is constantly exploring and applying new technical means to improve the training effect and competitive level of athletes. Among them, the athletes' posture detection technology based on the attitude solving algorithm has been widely concerned in recent years. However, the current attitude solving algorithm has the limitation of low precision and low efficiency. Aiming at this, a new attitude solving algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the coordinate system is determined according to the theory of inertial navigation, and the attitude Angle is obtained by calculating the acceleration and magnetic induction intensity. Then the current attitude matrix is calculated according to the obtained attitude Angle. The initializing quaternion based on the attitude matrix is studied. Then, according to the advantages and defects of the three sensors, a complementary filtering algorithm is proposed for data fusion, so as to reduce the error of the final attitude solution. In order to further improve the accuracy of attitude detection, the complementary filter algorithm and double-layer Kalman filter algorithm are combined to process the data, and finally the quaternion is updated. It can be seen that the detection error of the research constructed model is only 9.94%, and its three attitude angle errors are mainly concentrated between -0.5° and 0.5° The model constructed by the research can realize high-precision posture detection, which can provide more scientific and reliable training aids for gymnastics, which has very strict requirements for movements in sports. It has positive significance for the development of sports.

Is it the people or the place? The remarkable 30-year period of integrative physiology research in the Carlson Gymnasium at the University of Colorado Boulder.

Historically, programs of physical education and sport were housed in gymnasium buildings on academic campuses. As physical education evolved to the more scientifically focused successor departments of exercise science and kinesiology, faculty specialization developed in the physiology of exercise. With time, some faculty broadened their research to study the integrative physiology of other biological states and stressors. Through this series of events, a small group of integrative physiologists was formed in the Carlson Gymnasium at the University of Colorado Boulder during the 1990s with the goal of conducting novel biomedical research. The challenges were daunting: no contemporary core laboratory facilities, lack of temperature control, piercing external noise, pests, regular flooding, electrical power outages, and lack of funds for renovation. Despite these obstacles, the group established an innovative program of translational physiological research ranging from high-throughput molecular analyses to cell models to rodent studies to clinical trials in humans. These investigators supported their work with grant awards from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Defense, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), American Heart Association, and private research foundations totaling ∼$80 M in direct costs from the late 1980s to 2020. Collectively, the faculty and their laboratory personnel published ∼950 articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Over that period, 379 undergraduate students, 340 graduate students, 84 postdoctoral fellows, and dozens of junior research faculty received scientific training in Carlson, supported by >$21 M in extramural funding. What was accomplished by this handful of integrative physiologists speaks to the importance of the qualities of the investigators rather than their research facilities in determining scientific success.

APPLICATION OF PRACTICE-ORIENTED EDUCATION TECHNOLOGIES IN TRAINING STUDENTS IN ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE SPECIALTIES

Modern social, economic, technical transformations make adjustments in the organization and training of personnel in engineering and natural science specialties, in the basic elements of the structure and content of educational programs. Adjustment of educational programs taking into account modern trends allows providing graduates with competitive advantages in the labor market. At the same time, the problems related to the imbalance of theoretical and practical training, the gap between the skills and competencies formed in students and the needs of the industrial sector, non-adaptation of technologies and teaching methods to the specifics of academic disciplines and expected learning outcomes are still relevant in engineering and science education. Accordingly, the aim of the work was to analyze the peculiarities of application of practice-oriented learning technologies in engineering and science training. In this work the most important learning outcomes for students and employers were determined, the main deficiencies in the skills and competencies of graduates were identified, students' satisfaction with the quality of organization and conduct of practical classes and professional practices was assessed, practice-oriented educational technologies used in teaching professional disciplines were ranked by the degree of importance. Based on the obtained results, a significant correlation between the responses of students and employees of companies/enterprises has been established, the effectiveness of the application of practice-oriented educational technologies to increase students' motivation for learning and responsibility for learning outcomes has been shown, it has been established that employees of companies/enterprises attach greater importance to learning outcomes related to the development of students' personal, social and technical skills and competencies.

Core Muscle Training and Its Impact on Athletes' Explosive Power

Core training plays a vital role in modern athletic training and has a significant impact on an athlete's performance across a wide range of sports. The purpose of this article is to explore how core training can improve an athlete's explosive power and the specific contribution of this training method to athletic performance. Through literature review and empirical analysis, this study comprehensively evaluated the methods and effects of core muscle training and its application in different sports. The study found that systematic core muscle training significantly improved the athlete's stability, balance and power transfer efficiency, thereby enhancing their explosive power. This study provides athletes and coaches with scientific training guidance that can help them achieve better performance in competitive sports.

Analysis on the Integration and Development of Smart Sports and Traditional Martial Arts in the New Era

In the context of the new era, the integration of smart sports and traditional martial arts has broad prospects for development. This article first explores the application scope of smart sports technology in martial arts training and demonstrates its significant effect in improving training efficiency and accuracy through case analysis. Then, the practical significance of the integration of smart sports and traditional martial arts was analyzed, including promoting the modern inheritance of traditional culture, improving training effects and popularity, reducing the risk of injury, and its application value in the fields of health management and rehabilitation therapy. On this basis, specific strategies for the integrated development of smart sports and traditional martial arts in the new era are proposed, including promoting the popularization and application of smart sports technology; building a scientific and efficient education and training system to cultivate compound talents; strengthening technology companies and martial arts experts cooperation to jointly develop intelligent equipment and systems suitable for martial arts training. These practices aim to provide new paths and impetus for the integrated development of smart sports and traditional martial arts and promote the modern inheritance and innovative development of Chinese traditional culture.

Integrating local ecological knowledge and remote sensing reveals patterns and drivers of forest cover change: North Korea as a case study

Satellite-based remote sensing approaches provide a cost-efficient means to collect information on the world’s forests and to repeatedly survey large, or inaccessible, forest areas. However, it may not always be possible to ground truth–associated findings using direct ecological field surveys conducted by trained forest scientists. Local ecological knowledge (LEK) is an alternative form of data which could be used to complement, interpret and verify information from satellite data. Using a case study on the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea), we evaluate the potential for integrating remote sensing and LEK data, gathered with non-specialist former residents, to understand patterns and drivers of forest cover change. LEK reports often concurred with, or provided key information to enable interpretation of, satellite data. This revealed that between 1986 and 2021, North Korea experienced high, but uneven, rates of deforestation. There was a pronounced northwards deforestation shift in the mid-1990s, coinciding with a period of extreme hardship and famine (the “Arduous March”), and associated with clearance of trees in more forested northern provinces as an economic and fuel resource, and conversion of forest to agricultural cropland. Loss of forest cover in North Korea has continued and recently accelerated, to a rate of > 200 km2 per annum between 2019 and 2021. This increases the vulnerability of North Korean socio-ecological systems to future environmental change and is an obstacle to the recovery of threatened species across the Korean Peninsula. We recommend that LEK- and remote sensing–based approaches are considered within a suite of complementary techniques to analyse forest changes where ecological field surveys cannot be conducted.

Kinematic characteristics analysis of highly difficult movements "324C+1D" of the first level Wushu athletes

Background "324C+1D” movements are key techniques and winning factors in Wushu competitions. It is necessary for scientific training to analyze the kinematic characteristics of “324C+1D” by using the method of sports biomechanics. Methods In this study, 3D high-speed camera and 3D motion analysis software were used to study “324C+1D” completed by three Chinese wushu first-level athletes, and the kinematic characteristics of this movement were obtained. Results The run-up speed of completing the “324C+1D” is not high; The lift Angle of the center of gravity is close to 90°. The vertical height of the center of gravity is significantly higher than the vertical height of the center of gravity when landing, and the vertical moving distance of the center of gravity in the lifting stage is significantly less than the vertical moving distance of the center of gravity in the descending stage. The vertical height of the center of gravity at departure is significantly higher than that at landing. Conclusions In the take-off stage, increase the twisting Angle of shoulders and hips, speed up the swing arm speed and squat speed of the center of gravity in the vertical direction, and shorten the take-off time. Increase the vertical speed of the center of gravity before the patting foot and the vertical moving distance between the center of gravity lifting stage and the descending stage, extend the air time, accelerate the swing speed of the right leg, move the foot patting time forward to the rapid rising stage of the center of gravity lifting, accelerate the rotational angular speed of the shoulder shaft in the air stage and improve the strength of the leg, which is conducive to the athletes to complete the movement.

¿Deben desaparecer las ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud en la formación inicial de Educación Física en Chile?

Based on what is declared in the Disciplinary Standards of Initial Physical Education Training, we ask ourselves: Should the Biomedical and Health sciences disappear in the initial training of Physical Education in Chile? From a qualitative hermeneutic-phenomenological approach with documentary analysis techniques, we reflect on the training needs and occupations of the profession, as well as the employability rates based on official ministerial figures. Based on the above, and in response to the question, it is argued that training in Biomedical and Health Sciences should be maintained, beyond the artificial territory established by current standards.

The Effects of Crossfit Training Program on Promoting Physical Fitness Towards a Training Program for Guangdong University Basketball League Players

In this paper, 20 basketball players from each of the three universities who participated in the Guangdong University Basketball League, total 60 persons, were used as experimental subjects. Each university was divided into an experimental group of 10 players and a control group of 10 players for a 12-week comparison experiment. The experimental group was trained using CrossFit program and the control group was trained using traditional physical training methods. The six indexes of body shape, strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and agility were taken as the physical fitness evaluation indexes, and the corresponding test items were body fat percentage, standing long jump, bench press, squat, deadliftl, 3/4 full-court sprint run, 15×17 folding run, 3000 meters run, seated body flexion, and T-word agility test, a total of 10 test items. The data collected before and after the 12 weeks of training were statistically and analytically analysed through the use of EXCEL and SPSS26.0 software. To explore the effects of CrossFit training on athletes' physical fitness relative to traditional physical training. The purpose of the study is to combine CrossFit training with the characteristics of basketball, arrange and design a targeted training program, and help athletes of the Guangdong University Basketball League to improve their physical fitness and performance on the basketball court through scientific training means and methods. Conclusion: Before the CrossFit training program, there is no significant difference in the physical fitness index scores of body shape, strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and sensitivity between the control group and the experimental group, There is no significant difference between the physical status of the control group and the experimental group before the CrossFit training program; After the CrossFit training program, there are significant differences between the control group and the experimental group in terms of body shape, strength, speed, endurance. There were no significant differences in flexibility and sensitivity, but the experimental group improved more than the control group. There is a significant difference between the physical status of the control group and the experimental group after the CrossFit training program; There is no significant difference in the physical status of the control group before and after the experiment. There is a significant difference in the physical status of the experimental group before and after CrossFit training. CrossFit training program is more suitable for improving the physical fitness of college basketball players in Guangdong Province.

Engineering education challenges and strengths: reflecting on key-stakeholder's perspectives

We live in a society in constant scientific and technological change, where engineering education is required to develop the competences needed for future engineers to be able to respond to the complex and interdisciplinary problems that arise from this. It is no longer enough just to provide updated scientific and technological training to students, but it is also required to articulate the needs of society with the design of the curriculum and the expectations of the different stakeholders. The present paper's goal is to present the perceptions about engineering education through the lens of different institutional stakeholders, following a qualitative design study, through semi-structured interviews with seven key-stakeholders representing different scientific and professional institutions. These interviewees play an important role in the definition of guidelines for the engineering profession and in (re)thinking curricula reflecting the interaction with society, training and research. In this sense, it aims to explore the following objectives: (i) to know the perception about the profession, the profile of engineers and the engineering curricula; (ii) to identify the challenges posed to engineers in the job market and in society, today and in the future; and (iii) to reflect on a desirable profile to be attained by engineering students at the end of their Higher Education path. From the interviewees' perspective, competences development effectively involves learning approaches that realize which problem-solving strategies, concepts and capacities for social action should be developed in students, which are not restricted to disciplinary or specific content, but which allow (de)constructing curricula that reflect the different needs of society. In fact, as well as including the point of view of renowned international associations, this article reinforces the idea that the integration of science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) into curricula is not only a challenge, but also a growing and inevitable phenomenon in response to society's needs. The curriculum, the competences to be privileged, the importance of interdisciplinarity, and the contribution of STEM and STEAM approaches from an integrated engineering perspective are interpreted as difficulties but also the target opportunities.

Changes in self-confidence in professional, personal and scientific skills by gender during physician scientist training at the University of Pittsburgh

Changes in self-confidence in professional, personal and scientific skills by gender during physician scientist training at the University of Pittsburgh

How to be a good reviewer: A step-by-step guide for approaching peer review of a scientific manuscript.

The peer review process is critical to maintaining quality, reliability, novelty, and innovation in the scientific literature. However, the teaching of scientific peer review is rarely a component of formal scientific or clinical training, and even the most experienced peer reviewers express interest in continuing education. The objective of this review article is to summarize the collective perspectives of experienced journal editors about how to be a good reviewer in a step-by-step guide that can serve as a resource for the performance of peer review of a scientific manuscript. This is a narrative review. A review of the history and an overview of the modern-day peer review process are provided with attention to the role played by the reviewer, including important reasons for involvement in scientific peer review. The general components of a scientific peer review are described, and a model for how to structure a peer review report is provided. These concepts are also summarized in a reviewer checklist that can be used in real-time to develop and double-check one's reviewer report before submitting it. Peer review is a critically important service for maintaining quality in the scientific literature. Peer review of a scientific manuscript and the associated reviewer's report should assess specific details related to the accuracy, validity, novelty, and interpretation of a study's results. We hope that this article will serve as a resource and guide for reviewers of all levels of experience in the performance of peer review of a scientific manuscript.

Sports Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation in Physical Training

Sports injury is an important problem in physical training, Prevention and rehabilitation of sports injuries is essential to guarantee the health of athletes and improve the training effect, This paper aims to explore the prevention and rehabilitation strategies of sports injuries in physical training, By analyzing the type of sports injuries, the mechanism of occurrence, and the risk factors, The principles and methods of rehabilitation after a sports injury are also discussed, Emphasizing the importance of scientific rehabilitation training in promoting casualty recovery and return to the field, Reasonable training plan, good physical fitness, correct sports skills, and proper rehabilitation training are the key to the prevention and treatment of sports injuries.

Integrating Real-Time Biomechanical Feedback with Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions to Enhance the Efficacy of Strength Training

This study investigates the efficacy of integrating real-time biomechanical feedback with cognitive-behavioral interventions in enhancing the outcomes of strength training programs. A mixed-methods experimental design was utilized, involving 90 participants randomly assigned to three groups: a control group receiving traditional strength training, a biomechanical feedback group, and a combined intervention group receiving both biomechanical feedback and cognitive-behavioral strategies. The interventions lasted for 12 weeks, with assessments conducted pre- and post-intervention. Key performance indicators included improvements in one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength tests and psychological well-being metrics. Results indicated that the combined intervention group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in 1RM strength, technique efficiency, and psychological resilience compared to the other two groups. The integration of biomechanical and cognitive-behavioral strategies not only improved physical performance but also enhanced mental focus and training adherence, showcasing a holistic approach to strength training. The findings suggest that a synergistic approach, encompassing both biomechanical feedback and cognitive strategies, can substantially elevate the effectiveness of strength training regimes. These outcomes have implications for coaches, athletes, and sports medicine professionals looking to optimize performance and rehabilitation protocols. The study highlights the potential for a more personalized and psychologically supportive training environment, promising for future research and practical applications in sports science and physical training.

An Experimental Study of SAQ Training on the Agility and Quality of Young Wushu Students

This paper analyzes and demonstrates whether SAQ training in martial arts training is more conducive to improving the sensitivity and competitive performance of martial arts players, and uses spss27 software for data processing. The general teaching material of the Department of Physical Education of Wushu puts forward that Wushu takes offensive and defensive fights such as kicking, hitting, throwing, holding, striking, and stabbing as action materials, and compiles various unarmed and equipment routines according to the contradictory laws of offensive and defensive advance and retreat, movement and static slowness, hardness and softness, emptiness and reality. He represents a national form of sport designed to strengthen the physique, cultivate will, and train fighting skills (Wu Dong, 2020). Sensitivity, also referred to as ‘body IQ,’ is crucial and closely related to all sports. Therefore, we should expand innovative training means according to the needs of the times and the principle of adapting to social needs. This paper uses the method of literature, experiment, expert interview, spss27 software analysis expounds the influence of SAQ training methods on the physical sensitivity, which has a great guarantee for the competitive performance of the martial arts majors. Facing the physical and mental health of young people, based on the theory of multiple sources, this paper puts forward the perfect path of wushu training it aims to provide theoretical reference and reference for the scientific training of Chinese teenagers in martial arts, so as to let flowers blossom and the trees grow. In the general provisions of the new Sports Law, the new concepts of “priority development”, “integration of sports and education” and “comprehensive development” of youth and school sports are also proposed, and the chapter name of “Youth and School sports” is used to replace the original “school sports”, filling the gap in youth sports legislation and achieving a qualitative leap forward (Tian Siyuan & Song Yaxin, 2023).

PENGARUH PENDEKATAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK UNTUK MENGATASI MISKONSEPSI MATEMATIKA SISWA

Teachers and students alike must avoid misconceptions when studying. The actual condition shows that there are still many students who still experience misconceptions, one of which is about mathematics. But in reality it shows that there are still many students who still experience wrong concepts, one of which is regarding learning mathematics. With the ultimate aim of addressing these issues and making classroom learning more effective, Practical Science Training (RME) is used for the learning approach. The purpose of this study was to develop teaching materials using the PMRI method and assess whether the RME method worked to eliminate students' mathematical misconceptions about fractions. The purpose of this study was to see whether students' misconceptions about fraction material in Class III SD Negeri 100316 Pargarutan Julu could be corrected through learning mathematics. The population in this study amounted to 42 people. Qualitative data analysis was used in conjunction with observation, interviews, questionnaires, administration of achievement tests, and discussions with subject teachers for data collection. The results showed that (1) in the first cycle the application of Realistic Mathematics Learning increased to 70.55% which was classified as sufficient and (2) in the second cycle it increased to 85.60% which was classified as satisfactory. The conclusion of the study was that third grade students at SD Negeri 100316 Pargarutan Julu increased the material for fractional operations in Realistic Mathematics Learning.

AI frontiers in oncology: Bridging the gap between humanity and machine.

e13657 Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming medical education and how healthcare services are delivered. Oncology healthcare professionals (HCPs) can significantly benefit from the advances of AI including optimized diagnostic capabilities, treatment plans, resource allocation, patient outcomes and much more. The synergy between technology and healthcare is strengthening, heralding opportunities for a revolution in medical education and the broader healthcare industry. We developed an introductory AI workshop and conducted pre- and post-surveys, aiming to inform the design of successive workshops and an AI curriculum, to access knowledge, attitudes and perceived challenges for AI integration into Medical Oncology. Methods: An interactive one-hour workshop was conducted for physicians and faculty of the Hematology and Oncology department. 18 participants, encompassing 6 physicians and 12 other HCPs completed a pre- and post-workshop survey. We evaluated participants' knowledge, opinions, and perceived limitations regarding AI in oncology research, practitioner education, and clinical applications using both open and closed-ended questions, such as multiple-choice and 1-5 Likert scale formats. Results: Survey results included 18 pre-workshop and 17 post-workshop participants, 83% had no formal computer science training: AI knowledge in medicine and awareness of clinical AI applications increased by 100%. Interestingly 24% felt the workshop influenced their view on AI's role in their medical career and better prepared for AI-related challenges. 58% believed AI would assist clinicians within 5 years. However, the belief that AI will play a significant role in their own career did not change after the intervention. Data privacy concerns increased by 25%, while concerns about physician over-reliance on AI decreased by 15%. Notably, 76% were motivated to engage with AI during their future practice after the workshop. Conclusions: The AI initiative significantly enhanced oncology healthcare professionals' understanding and readiness for AI integration, despite most lacking prior formal AI education. A marked increase in AI knowledge and motivation to use AI in practice was noted, although perceptions of AI's impact in their day-to-day work remained unchanged with one workshop, contrasting expert views and predictions. Data privacy concerns rose, but decreased fears of over-reliance on AI indicate a more balanced perspective. These findings stress the need for ongoing AI education in healthcare and underscore the importance of baseline evaluations and feedback for shaping future workshops. Since, AI's integration into society is poised to transform healthcare, an AI curriculum is essential.