Training Of Medical Personnel Research Articles

Medical education focuses on practical training: the transformation of funds

Topical issues of practical training of medical personnel,based, in particular, on online forms of its receipt, are considered. The analysis of the possibilities of medical budgetary educational institutions to improve the forms and means of teaching students receiving higher, secondary specialized and dditional medical education is carried out. The directions recommended by the President of the Russian Federation for improving higher education, set out in the address to the Federal Assembly on February 21, 2023, including those concerning practical training and forms of its implementation, are considered. The possibilities of medical educational institutions implementing modern forms of practical training of medical personnel are considered.

80 years of the Faculty of training doctors for Missile, Land and Airborne Troops of the Military Medical Academy and its first graduation

November 25, 2022 marked the 80th anniversary of the establishment of the Faculty of Training Doctors for Missile, Land and Airborne Troops of the Military Medical Academy, and June 22, 2023 will mark the 80th anniversary of its first graduation. A real historical study is devoted to these anniversary events. Based on archival and literary data, the main stages of the development and formation of the faculty are traced, its contribution to the training of military medical personnel is shown. The faculty is essentially the same age as the Academy, for this reason, the analysis of the modern views of the historians of the Academy on the date of its foundation was carried out. Based on previously published data, it is shown that the starting point of the academys existence is the decisions of Peter I on the establishment of general hospitals and medical schools in 1715. Brief biographical references of the heads of faculties are given, many details have been clarified in recent years and were absent in earlier editions. The role of Major General of the medical service L.N. is separately indicated. Obraztsova participated in the collection and preservation of historical data about the faculty, the creation of a museum and first editions and articles. The service and scientific achievements of graduates of the faculty, their contribution to science and education are described. Special attention is paid to participation in armed conflicts and Special military operations, as well as the fight against the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection. The actual data on graduates of the faculty, which can be used in military-historical work, are also given. The work complements and expands both the general information about the faculty and supplements the information accumulated over the past 10 years, since the last publication about the faculty.

QUALITY OF HIGH MEDICAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIA

In-depth interviews were conducted with 83 residents of the dental profile of graduates of medical universities in Moscow, Krasnoyarsk and Ufa. As a result of studying the opinions of graduates of medical universities, certain difficulties were identified in the prospective development of professional growth and the passing the accreditation procedure. The dissatisfaction of the respondents was associated with the imperfection of the system of training and motivation of graduates to improve their professional skills and competencies. In this regard, measures are needed to improve the quality of training of medical personnel, as well as ways to improve and increase the availability of quality medical education.

Assessment of medical staff adherence to infection control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic

The organization of an effective infection control system is one of the main tasks of medical organizations to prevent the occurrence and spread of infections associated with the provision of medical care (ISMP). In connection with the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) that has engulfed all countries of the world, the problem of ISMP and infection control (IC) in medical organizations has become particularly relevant. The aim of the study was to assess the adherence of medical workers to the principles of IC in the departments for patients with COVID-19 and to determine the occupational risk factors of infection of personnel during the pre-vaccination period of the pandemic. The study included medical workers of «covid» hospital departments (n = 216; age 25–54 years), of which 105 doctors (41.7 %), average medical workers (nurses and nurses) — 111 people (58.3 %). All employees were trained in biological safety and conducting sanitary and anti-epidemic measures with COVID-19 before starting work in the hospital. In most of the staff (114 people, 52.8 ± 8.7 %), the compliance of the IC was assessed as high in the absence of detection of violations of the requirements of infectious safety. The average degree of adherence to IR measures was found in 102 observed medical workers (47.2 ± 9.9 %). In the cohort of medical workers with a high degree of adherence to IR measures, 2 people suffered a new coronavirus infection, which is 1.8 ± 0.5 %, while among the staff with a moderate degree of adherence (n = 102) 10 people (9.8 ± 2.2 %). The difference between the indicators is statistically significant at p < 0.001 and indicates a smaller (5.4 times) number of COVID-19 cases in the cohort of health workers with a high degree of compliance with IR measures. There was no dependence of the degree of adherence of medical personnel to the principles of IC on the age, gender, medical experience and functionality of medical workers. Nosocomial cases of COVID-19 that occurred during monitoring of compliance with the requirements of the IC were characterized by polymorphism of clinical manifestations with leading respiratory syndrome, the presence of mild and moderate forms and the predominance of average medical staff among the sick. Thus, IC in the conditions of global biological threats requires constant, complete and adequate training of medical personnel in various forms, systematic professional development of all personnel on issues of hospital hygiene and infectious occupational safety, including regular annual refresher courses.

A cross-sectional survey of prospective healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of medical Cannabis

BackgroundCompounds isolated from Cannabis possess many beneficial effects creating a renewed worldwide interest in its therapeutic potential. With increased legalization for medicinal use globally, healthcare professionals must be familiar with the drug's uses and potential adverse effects. ObjectiveTo determine prospective healthcare providers' knowledge, attitude and perception to medical Cannabis. MethodA self-administered online questionnaire comprising 21 questions to assess the knowledge, attitude and perception of medical Cannabis was distributed via google forms among students at the Faculty of Medical Sciences, the University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus. Chi-square analysis was used to detect significant associations between demographics and measured variables. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. ResultsPopular perceived therapeutic benefits of Cannabis were chronic pain (91.2%), anxiety (84.2%) and seizures (71.1%), and identification of the risks associated with the use of Cannabis was low. Users of Cannabis were able to identify indications and symptoms that can be treated with Cannabis but were less aware of the adverse effects of the drug than non-users (p < 0.001). More than three-quarters (87.3%) believed they could identify therapeutic uses and adverse effects but only 14.2% were ready to answer queries from patients. The main source of Cannabis information was the internet and information was lacking in the medical school curriculum. ConclusionThe majority of students could not identify the drug's indications and adverse effects. There is a need to improve training for all prospective medical personnel to cater for the change in legislation status.

Study of the problems of ageism and assessment of attitudes towards age in the medical environment

BACKGROUND: Ageism pervades all areas of life, including the areas of medical and social care. Gerontological ageism has a significant negative impact on indicators of physical, mental health, functional status and well-being of older people. In the conditions of an aging society, the study of the scale and characteristics of this problem in various spheres of life is very relevant.&#x0D; AIM: To assess the prevalence of stereotypes of attitudes towards older age among primary health care physicians, senior students of a medical university and directly elderly people.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the period from 2018 to 2022, 538 people aged 20 to 75 were interviewed in 3 subgroups: 1) senior students of a medical university of medical specialties, 2) young and middle-aged primary health care doctors, 3) elderly people.&#x0D; RESULTS: It was revealed that the opinions about the problems in this age period in the elderly and the beliefs of doctors and medical students often do not coincide.&#x0D; CONCLUSIONS: When training medical personnel, it is necessary to form the correct attitude to age and skills of communicative competence with different age groups of patients.

COVID-19 and its impact on the control of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti mosquito and epidemiological surveillance of arbovirus infections.

In American countries, simultaneously with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, epidemics caused by different arboviruses (dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses) are occurring. In Mexico, several of the strategies to control the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which transmits arboviruses, involve the interaction of health personnel with the community. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing and home confinement measures have been implemented. To obey these measures and avoid the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, the National Center for Preventive Programs and Disease Control (CENAPRECE) has presented the vector control strategy in the scenario of simultaneous dengue and COVID-19 transmission in Mexico. In this work, we mention the routine comprehensive mosquito control measures and describe the adaptations that have been made. Furthermore, we discuss the relevance of medical personnel training and supervision, especially focusing on the similarity of symptoms between both pathologies.

History of healthcare development in independent Kazakhstan

At the present stage, the study of the history and health care system is the object of scientific research not only among physicians, but also among sociologists, historians, philosophers, political scientists, as well as ns. The healthcare system is one of the most important elements of the state policy that ensures the national security and labor potential of the country. In this regard, the article examines the history and stages of development of the healthcare system in the territory of independent Kazakhstan. The authors of the article emphasize the role and importance of legislative acts and state programs in the healthcare system. The article reveals the features of reforming the priority areas of the system of medical care for the population, in the training and retraining of medical personnel

АНАЛИЗ ТЕМАТИКИ ДИССЕРТАЦИОННЫХ РАБОТ ПО НАПРАВЛЕНИЮ «ВНУТРЕННИЕ БОЛЕЗНИ»

The purpose of the work: to determine the development of healthcare in the republic. In this work analyzed 32 dissertations for the period from 1972 to 2021. The analysis of the topics of dissertations is carried out in the main areas of research conducted on the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Dissertations were analyzed using content analysis. The analysis of the topics of dissertations was carried out by in following main trends: "Conducting epidemiological studies"; "Clinical and laboratory diagnostics of the disease"; "Improving the methods of prevention and treatment"; "Improving the organization of medical care and the system of training medical personnel". Works in the direction of "Internal diseases" account for 51% of the total number of dissertations performed at Yakutsk State University (NEFU named after M.K. Ammosov). The initial doctoral dissertations appeared in the late 70s. The most frequent topic of medical dissertations is the study of the clinical and laboratory picture of the disease and the improvement of the prevention and treatment of diseases The analysis showed that in the structure of dissertation research, a greater place is occupied by works devoted to the study of the clinical and laboratory picture of a certain disease and the improvement of prevention and treatment of diseases of a therapeutic profile. The features of the clinical picture and the course of diseases in the conditions of the North (41%) were characterized researchers. The largest number of works is protected during the from 1980 to 2001 years. It should be noted the decrease in the number of works since the 2000s years. Now, more attention is paid to the organization of the diagnostic and therapeutic-preventive process. Also, dissertations are defended in more "narrow" specialties, «Cardiology», «Pulmonology». The analysis of publication activity shows the predominance of scientific articles and abstracts of National bibliographic database of scientific citation. There are so few articles in scientific journals from the list of the Higher Attestation Commission.

Quality assurance of medical personnel training: a systematic approach

Quality assurance of medical personnel training: a systematic approach

THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE MANAGEMENT OF THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL TREATMENT INSTITUTIONS

Topicality. Reforming the modern health care system requires comprehensive strategic measures that will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of the management of the strategic development of medical institutions. The market of medical institutions is an important component in the structure of the market of medical services, evidence of this is the intensive development and expansion of not only medical, but also cosmetic services, improving their quality and level of service. Therefore, there is an urgent need to determine the essence of managing the strategic development of medical institutions.&#x0D; Aim and tasks. To determine the fundamental theoretical approaches to understanding the essence of managing the strategic development of medical institutions.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The material for the research was the results of fundamental scientific works in the medical field, as well as materials for their planning in medical institutions. The main achievements of foreign and domestic science in the medical field, strategic planning of its development and the application of the principles of strategic management of medical institutions became the theoretical and methodological basis of the research. The work uses the methods of structural and logical analysis of the research, which will allow to highlight, logically structure and establish connections between the implementation of a unified medical information system and the result of the work. Statistical methods, including retrospective and prospective analysis, were used to study the competitive advantages of drug treatment. A problem-oriented method was used for the scientific substantiation of strategic directions for solving management issues.&#x0D; Research results. The level and quality of the provision of medical services characterizes the sustainable development of the country, because other areas cannot develop fully if the health care system is at a low level. The formation and development of strategic management is a significant part of corporate management not only of a manufacturing enterprise, but also of health care institutions, and it acquires an especially important role in the conditions of reforming medicine, with the aim of further obtaining social, therapeutic, financial and economic competitive advantages in the medical market services Without effective medical care, citizens are not interested in solving secondary problems, because the issue of preserving and maintaining health always comes first. With the spread of market development priorities, the management of medical facilities is gaining importance.&#x0D; Conclusion. Management of the strategic development of medical institutions is aimed at introducing new medical technologies, increasing the level of professional training of medical personnel of medical institutions, and improving the quality of medical care using the latest technologies.

Concept of developing a professional outlook of a future doctor based on an integrative approach

Modern technification of medical practice reduces the humanistic potential of medicine and reduces the effectiveness of treatment.Aim of the project. To create the concept of training medical personnel based on the synergy of the best spiritual and moral traditions of the past and breakthrough scientific, creative, innovative and educational technologies to graduate a new generation of specialists who meet the modern requirements, able to meet the healthcare challenges and ready to become leaders in the medicine of the future.Results. The experience of implementing such an interdisciplinary scientific direction as medical anthropology was used, which explains the influence of various factors on the health and well-being of both one individual and a group of people and is based on the idea of humanization of medicine. A project of a new teaching concept “Tver Spiral” is proposed, where the main idea is the development of a multifaceted personality of a future doctor from the standpoint of medical knowledge, philosophy of medicine, bioethics, and biopolitics. This combines not only the contribution of fundamental knowledge and digitalization in selected areas of medicine, but also the study of a holistic approach in understanding the psychological causes, consequences and ways of improving the health and well-being of the patient as a whole.

The problem of open and tension pneumothorax at the prehospital stage of emergency care and prospects for its solution

The purpose of the study is experimental testing of Russian medical devices for the elimination of tension and open pneumothorax.Objectives of the research. Perform an analysis of the volume of therapeutic measures in the wounded and injured with open and tension pneumothorax. Conduct experimental testing of Russian samples to eliminate tension and open pneumothorax.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical histories of 232 patients with polytrauma admitted for treatment at the war surgery department of the Kirov Military Medical Academy in the period from 2015 to 2019. An experimental study was carried out on large biological objects (pigs) to evaluate the effectiveness of eliminating open and tension pneumothorax using products from the UD-02f (paramedic) kit.Results. A retrospective analysis of the medical histories of 232 patients with polytrauma admitted for treatment at the clinic in the period from 2015 to 2019 was carried out. The incidence of tension pneumothorax was 11.6%. In 44.4% of cases, it was eliminated; in 55.6% of the ambulance teams, tension pneumothorax was not eliminated. Open pneumothorax was diagnosed in 21.1% of those admitted at the prehospital stage. In all cases, the elimination of open pneumothorax was carried out by applying an improvised sealing bandage to the chest. An experimental study of the effectiveness of the UD-02f set showed that the use of products included in this set allows to effectively eliminate the life-threatening consequences of wounds and chest injuries.Conclusion. Open and tension pneumothorax are severe life-threatening consequences of chest injuries with a development rate of up to 12.1% and 11.6%, respectively. The inclusion of a set for eliminating tension and open pneumothorax disposable, sterile (paramedical) UD-02f, in the complete equipment and training of medical personnel in the procedure for its use, will allow timely and effective elimination of tension or open pneumothorax at the prehospital stage of emergency medical care.

간호전문학사 소지자의 의료인력학사학위 과정에 관한 현상학적 연구

Objectives This study is a qualitative study that attempts to understand the meaning of the nature and experience of the phenomenon of medical personnel training courses for bachelor's degrees of nursing professionals. Methods Data collected using in-depth interviews and observation methods for seven people were enrolled in the medical personnel training course. The phenomenological method suggested by Colaizzi was used to analyze the collected data. Results The study subjects expressed discomfort in academic management without consideration for students. However, it was found that they were comforted by emotional support through unity with classmates and family. In addition, the results showed that acquiring a nursing degree is a stepping stone for employment, which research participants want as a primary goal and is based on future designs such as graduate school entrance. Conclusions Based on these results, it is necessary to understand the medical personnel training course for the bachelor's degree of nursing professionals and to improve the curriculum for the operation of high-quality nursing programs. In addition, it aims to provide primary data for developing teaching methods and establishing a student welfare system suitable for nursing professionals.

Current state of cytopathology residency training: a Korean national survey of pathologists.

Although the Korean Society for Cytopathology has developed educational goals as guidelines for cytopathology education in Korea, there is still no systematic approach to cytopathology education status for pathology residents. Furthermore, satisfaction with cytopathology education and with the outcome of the current training/educational program has not been investigated in Korea. This study aimed to obtain comprehensive data on the current state of cytopathology education for residents and evaluate education outcomes. An online survey was conducted in December 2020 for the board-certified pathologists and training residents registered as members of the Korean Society for Cytopathology. The questionnaire comprised questions that investigated the current status of cytopathology at each training institution, the degree of satisfaction with the work and education related to cytopathology, outcomes of cytopathology training, and educational accomplishments. Of the participants surveyed, 12.3% (132/1,075) completed the questionnaire, and 36.8% (32/87) of cytopathology residents participated. The mean overall satisfaction with cytopathology education was 3.1 points (on a 1- to 5-point scale, 5: very satisfied). The most frequent suggestion among the free description format responses was to expand educational opportunities, such as online education opportunities, outside of the individual institutions. Our results showed that cytopathology training in Korea needs further improvement. We expect that this study will inform systematic training of competent medical personnel armed with broad cytopathology knowledge and strong problem-solving abilities.

Annotated computed tomography coronary angiogram images and associated data of normal and diseased arteries

Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography (CTCA) is a non-invasive method to evaluate coronary artery anatomy and disease. CTCA is ideal for geometry reconstruction to create virtual models of coronary arteries. To our knowledge there is no public dataset that includes centrelines and segmentation of the full coronary tree. We provide anonymized CTCA images, voxel-wise annotations and associated data in the form of centrelines, calcification scores and meshes of the coronary lumen in 20 normal and 20 diseased cases. Images were obtained along with patient information with informed, written consent as part of the Coronary Atlas. Cases were classified as normal (zero calcium score with no signs of stenosis) or diseased (confirmed coronary artery disease). Manual voxel-wise segmentations by three experts were combined using majority voting to generate the final annotations. Provided data can be used for a variety of research purposes, such as 3D printing patient-specific models, development and validation of segmentation algorithms, education and training of medical personnel and in-silico analyses such as testing of medical devices.

Simulation device for shoulder reductions: overview of prototyping, testing, and design instructions

BackgroundShoulder dislocations are common occurrences, yet there are few simulation devices to train medical personnel on how to reduce these dislocations. Reductions require a familiarity with the shoulder and a nuanced motion against strong muscle tension. The goal of this work is to describe the design of an easily replicated, low-cost simulator for training shoulder reductions.Materials and methodsAn iterative, stepwise engineering design process was used to design and implement ReducTrain. A needs analysis with clinical experts led to the selection of the traction-countertraction and external rotation methods as educationally relevant techniques to include. A set of design requirements and acceptance criteria was established that considered durability, assembly time, and cost. An iterative prototyping development process was used to meet the acceptance criteria. Testing protocols for each design requirement are also presented. Step-by-step instructions are provided to allow the replication of ReducTrain from easily sourced materials, including plywood, resistance bands, dowels, and various fasteners, as well as a 3D-printed shoulder model, whose printable file is included at a link in the Additional file 1: Appendix.ResultsA description of the final model is given. The total cost for all materials for one ReducTrain model is under US $200, and it takes about 3 h and 20 min to assemble. Based on repetitive testing, the device should not see any noticeable changes in durability after 1000 uses but may exhibit some changes in resistance band strength after 2000 uses.DiscussionThe ReducTrain device fills a gap in emergency medicine and orthopedic simulation. Its wide variety of uses points to its utility in several instructional formats. With the rise of makerspaces and public workshops, the construction of the device can be easily completed. While the device has some limitations, its robust design allows for simple upkeep and a customizable training experience.ConclusionA simplified anatomical design allows for the ReducTrain model to serve as a viable training device for shoulder reductions.

Становление и развитие системы здравоохранения в Горном Алтае в 1930-е гг.

The Altai Mountains were one of the national outskirts of Russia to which special attention was paid, as the indigenous population suffered particularly from epidemics due to their low standard of living and lack of immunity to many diseases. The meagre local budgets severely affected the population's material situation, social and medical services and led to an increased rate of disease. The Soviet authorities began to solve urgent problems in the sphere of public health protection. A consistent policy of the state in this sphere was expressed in the provision of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the country, addressing the problems of the indigenous peoples of the national regions. The establishment and development of the health care system in the Altai Mountains took place in the context of measures taken by the state to solve these problems. With the help of state and local budgets, the organisation of the medical network emerged and developed, and certain socially dangerous diseases were successfully eliminated. The material and technical base of medical institutions was gradually formed. During this period the following important results in the field of health care have been achieved in the Altai Mountains: a wide network of stationary and mobile medical institutions: hospitals, medical and obstetric stations, antenatal clinics, specialized anti-epidemic institutions and sanatoriums; systematic training of medical personnel had started: medical staff was supplemented mainly through medical staff training, another way of training was the sending of fellows to higher and technical schools. These measures are an important step in the development of the health care system in the region. However, the regional characteristics of Oirotia, namely the patriarchal clan structure of much of the indigenous population, the nomadic way of life, the dispersion of the population and the small number of large settlements, have to a certain extent hindered the process of health care among the indigenous population.

IMPLEMENTATION OF PATIENT-CENTERED CARE AND MEDICAL CARE IMPROVEMENT: CURRENT STATE (review)

The aim of the research: to conduct an analysis and generalization of scientific publications on the issue of the patient-centered care implementation in clinical practice setting.&#x0D; Results. The concept of a patient-centered care, proposed in the USA in the early 1990s, was subsequently used by the WHO in the development of the program for the development of the health care system in the 21st century. This approach shifts the focus from the traditional biomedical model, in which the doctor is given a priority role in decision-making to a model that establishes a partnership among practitioners, patients, and their families. Recent scientific publications identified eight principles of patient-centered care: respect for patient's values, preferences, and expressed needs, provision of information and education, emotional support to relieve fear and anxiety, involvement of family and friends, physical comfort and symptom`s relief, continuity and secure transition between healthcare settings, coordination of care, access to care. The implementation of a patient-centered care in clinical practice faces a number of difficulties, in particular, with regard to the influence of social, economic, financial factors, training of medical personnel and patient education. Another aspect is the heterogeneity of patients in terms of their ability to take a partnership approach and be involved in the decision-making process. Further clinical trials are needed to provide evidence for the practical use of the most effective approaches to patient-centered care implementation.&#x0D; Conclusions: The patient-centered care has become a key element of the quality of medical care and assumes that the care provided should meet the individual patient preferences, needs and values, and ensuring that patient values guide all clinical decisions. The introduction of a patient-centered care requires appropriate medical education of doctors to improve communication skills and patient`s education for involve patients in the treatment process as partners.

Профілактика професійного вигорання медичних сестер при наданні паліативної і хоспісної допомоги

The risk of burnout syndrome ranks one of the leading places among nurses, especially at the primary care level and in palliative and hospice care units. In the article are reflected results of the study of emotional resources, «organizational precursors of burnout», also are discussed clinical manifestations and methods of prevention of professional burnout syndrome in nurses. As a part of the educational process for the prevention of this condition, the primary task is to train students and medical personnel, help in organizing work in specific institutions in order to carry out preventive or corrective measures. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.