Traffic Intensity Research Articles

Correspondence distribution over a network in designing public urban passenger transportation tasks

Introduction. The process of planning public transport is divided into a few number of tasks in strategic, tactical and operational levels, which include the development route system, the establishment of traffic intensity along routes, the design of the structure of road transport vehicles, the distribution of the current road transport vehicles along the routes, determining the required amount of the subsidies, etc. Materials and methods. The article presents a multi-criteria mathematical model of transportation design, according to which the tasks have been solved by distributing (limited or unlimited) transport resources between the permissible routes of the transport network in accordance with a variety of efficiency criteria, which can be the subject to appropriate restrictions. The formation acceptable routes on the transport network can be carried out by means of the algorithms developed, for example, in the framework of solving TNDP and TNDFSP tasks. The routes can also be adjusted by experts. Transport demand is set by a matrix of passenger correspondence generated for the entire period of traffic on a weekday, to ensure that all passenger flows along the route network are taken into account, and not only the periods of the greatest traffic intensity. The calculation of the parameters of the transport offer in the process of solving the problems of transportation design is carried out based on the results of the passenger correspondence distribution on the route network (PAP), which is a complex problem unsolved today. The article describes the developed PAP methodology based on a flexible passenger strategy that takes into account the waiting time for transport, the proximity of the route through an empirical model of dividing demand by the length of trips, the preferences of transport modes, the possible redistribution of passenger flows between the stopping points of the network located within a walking distance. Results. The tasks of designing public transport transportation have been formulated, a multi-criteria mathematical model of their solution has been developed. The method of distribution of passenger flows on the route network based on a flexible passenger strategy has been described. The effectiveness of the developed PAP methodology is shown on test calculations, which were carried out using passenger correspondence, an average weekday in October 2019, obtained by processing validations of e-tickets of urban passenger transport in Krasnoyarsk. Discussion and conclusion. The practical implementation of the described methodology for the distribution of passenger flows on the route network using relational database management systems (DBMS) MS SQL Server has been carried out.

Preliminary evaluation methodology for payback infrastructure projects in private-public partnership

The authors of the article present the results of scientific and practical research on the development of methods of primary assessment of the efficiency of payback infrastructure projects public-private partnerships achieved through the monitoring and analysis of the state company’s investment activities and project portfolio management. The purpose of this study is to develop methodology for preliminary evaluation of payback infrastructure projects, that is able to be used to evaluate efficiency of capital investment at the stage of initial project appraisal and planning and to range perspective projects in accordance with their efficiency. The subject of the article: efficiency of payback investment projects in the infrastructure industry. The relevance of the study is determined by absence of a generally accepted methodology for initial evaluation of investment projects, that allows for into consideration the legal and economic specifics of federal projects approval and implementation in the regions of Russia. The methodology formed on the basis of an interdisciplinary approach implemented in the course of approval and evaluation practice of investment projects appraisal within the framework of the activities of a state-owned company. The instrumentation reviewed in this paper is based on data from financial modeling of infrastructure projects, with preliminary geographical modeling of traffic flow intensity. It includes the following modified indicators based on discounted cash flows: consolidated coverage ratio, ratio of operating income to capital investment, share of extrabudgetary funding in the life cycle of a project, internal rate of return. These indicators are unified into a single integral indicator, which allows to rank and manage future projects in a company’s portfolio. The applicability of the proposed methodology has been verified by the results of implementation of the public-private partnership projects. Based on the results of the study a financial model for initial assessment of project efficiency has been prepared, which can be used as the initial stage of project justification.

Fuzzy logic based dynamic wavelength and bandwidth allocation for 5G front haul networks

The Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for 5G are very strict in terms of latency of Fifth Generation (5G) traffic. 5G fronthaul networks between the baseband unit and remote radio heads are planned to use Next Generation - Passive Optical Networks 2 (NG-PON2) to carry their traffic. However, these Time Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TWDM) PON based networks also provide service to other traffic such as residential and corporate users. Therefore, it is crucial to provide QoS guarantees to 5G traffic. The main issue includes allocating transmission over multiple wavelengths while maintaining QoS. Although using all the available wavelengths all the time may seem to be the simple solution, each active wavelength increases the cost of operation. To solve these issues, this paper proposes a technique using fuzzy logic to dynamically allocate wavelength and bandwidth for 5G fronthaul networks. Two types of traffic, i.e., 5G traffic and normal traffic are considered while the problem of Dynamic Wavelength and Bandwidth Allocation (DWBA) is formulated as a queueing theory problem using penalties and a cost function. Penalties are assigned for waiting packets as well as each active wavelength. Then, modeling the number of active wavelengths, the number of packets in the system, the total cost, and the traffic intensity as input fuzzy variables while modeling the change in the number of active wavelengths as the fuzzy output variable. The Mamdani implication is used for the fuzzy inference engine and the height method is used for defuzzification of the output variable. Simulations in MATLAB show that the proposed technique can maintain the latency of 5G traffic lower than the defined threshold while also significantly reducing the number of active wavelengths. A comparison with the existing state-of-the-art techniques shows that the proposed technique results in an improvement of at least 46% and 29% in terms of the average number of active wavelengths and the average latency for 5G traffic, respectively.

ECOTRUST: A novel model for Energy COnsumption TRUST assurance in electric vehicular networks

Electric Vehicles (EVs) emerged new kinds of applications that strongly depend upon the energy information such as identifying the optimal path towards the vehicle’s destination where the EV maximizes the recovered electrical power, displaying the energetic map that provides an overview about the required energy consumption on each lane, etc. The quality of these applications relies on the reliability of the vehicle-related information (e.g. location, energy consumption). EVs may provide wrong energy information due to sensors’ failure, selfish or malicious reasons. To this aim, a fuzzy-based energy consumption trust (ECOTRUST) model is proposed herein to evaluate the quality of energy information based on two fuzzy inference systems: Instant Energy Trust (IEN-Trust) and Total Energy Trust (TEN-Trust) systems. IEN-TRUST relies on a series of plausibility checks to evaluate the coherence between the reported energy information and other parameters (slope degree, speed and acceleration rate) while TEN-TRUST relies on the similarity between neighbouring vehicles. The performance of the ECOTRUST model is evaluated in terms of the system’s robustness and accuracy under different traffic intensities. We varied the traffic volume and the percentage of malicious vehicles and their behaviours. Results show that IEN-TRUST is resilient to false messages with/without the collusion attack. However, it is unable to deal with complex behaviours of malicious vehicles (e.g. on-off attack, bush telegraph). TEN-TRUST was proposed to deal with the latter issue. Simulation results show that it can accurately deal with complex behaviours in different traffic volumes.

ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЕ МАТРИЦЫ КОРРЕСПОНДЕНЦИЙ НА ОСНОВЕ ЗАМЕРОВ ИНТЕНСИВНОСТИ

The paper analyzes the options for solving the problems of estimating matrices based on taking into account the traffic intensity on the road network. The scale of the task depends on the level of resolution of the zoning system and the network view. An example of a simple transport network with a crossroads is considered

A Sequential Test of Traffic Intensity for the M/M/1 Queueing System

This paper deals with testing traffic intensity, which is the most important parameter of the queue system. The Wald-type sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) is performed to determine traffic intensity by taking advantage of the fact that the total number of customers arriving up to the kth service period, including the kth service period, has a negative binomial distribution. Acceptance and rejection limits obtained from the SPRT are arranged as a multiple sampling plan. This plan is applied with a finite Markov chain. Then, the Operating Characteristic (OC) function and the Average Sample Number (ASN) are obtained precisely. Obtaining the standard errors of the sample number compared to the studies on SPRT applications is the novelty brought by this paper. The sequential analysis method based on the finite Markov chain is also applied to a numerical sample.

Building digital twins of cities using the Inter Model Broker framework

Urban areas are becoming increasingly crowded, and as a result it is challenging to ensure that these areas remain liveable and accessible. Municipalities need to make strategic long-term decisions regarding urban planning, which is often a difficult and time-consuming task. Digital twins of cities can assist policy makers during this process, providing an integral view on e.g. traffic intensities, air quality and noise. Furthermore, a digital twin enables policy makers to simulate ‘what if scenarios’ in a scenario-based analysis. Digital twins connect data, analytics and visualizations, which requires a system which integrates all these aspects in a single framework. This paper presents the Inter Model Broker framework, which is a scalable framework based on which large-scale digital twins can be built. A key property of our framework is that all connected system modules hold the relevant data locally in memory, which means that no central database is required. The effectiveness of our framework is demonstrated in a case study based on the city of Amsterdam in The Netherlands.

Fluctuating asymmetry of the Acer negundo L. leaf: an indicator of its state and the quality of the urban environment

The purpose of this study was to analyze the protective function of Acer negundo L. by assessing the indicators of developmental stability by fluctuating leave asymmetry depending on the value of the influence of anthropogenic factors. The materials were obtained from 25 test sites on areas that differed in the degree of road transport impact in 2018–2021 in Irkutsk. The values of the indicators of the developmental stability of each test site were determined as the average of the coefficients of fluctuating asymmetry, considering the eight characteristics of the leaves collected from them. These values indicate that A. negundo is sufficiently resistant to anthropogenic impacts, particularly the effects of emissions from road transport, compared with other types of phanerophytes involved in the landscaping of urbanized areas. The coefficient of weighted average of this indicator between sites in recreational areas and along highways was 1.33. The correlation coefficient between the values of development stability and the distance of growth of A. negundo from highways was r = –0.64±0.18, which confirms the average connection between these characteristics. Analysis of variance was used to assess the stability of tree development in four classes of traffic intensity (high, medium, low, and absent), determined through a correlation ratio, the level of which n = 0.70 demonstrates a high level of connection. To limit the implementation of A. negundo in the local flora, it is recommended that measures be gradually implemented to remove it from parks, squares, gardens, and adjacent territories, with the replacement of woody vegetation species that are well adapted to grow in these habitats.

Assessment of Motor Vehicle Noise Levels on the Territory of New Residential Complexes in Voronezh City

Introduction: Adverse human health effects of motor vehicle noise, which levels are the highest in urban areas, are considered in many foreign and domestic studies. Objective: To establish the zone of acoustic discomfort related to motor vehicle noise on the territory of new residential complexes in the city of Voronezh. Materials and methods: Using the “Assistant” sound level meter (accuracy class 1), we conducted 72 noise measurements at 36 monitoring points within the 20.5 hectare area of two residential complexes at distances of 7.5, 50, 100, 200, 300, 350, and 430 meters from the four-lane highway, the main local source of traffic noise. The measurements were taken in May 2023 on working days (Monday to Friday) in the daytime and at night. Results: We have established that modern urban planning technologies and solutions used in the construction of new residential complexes are unable to eliminate the zone of acoustic discomfort. According to the results of field measurements, the equivalent noise level along the highway in the daytime exceeds permissible levels by 17.8–19.7 dBA and at night – by 22.6–25.7 dBA. The noise limit is also exceeded in the inner yard (on the playground, in the recreation area). The significant area of the study object is almost completely affected by traffic noise at the distances of up to 100 m and 200 m in the daytime and at night, respectively, which creates an unfavorable acoustic environment that has a negative impact on the local residents. Conclusions: To reduce the area of the acoustic discomfort zone, it is recommended to take measures to reduce traffic intensity in the study area by developing the road network and public transport system, prohibiting motorcycle and freight traffic on this street, especially at nighttime, improving landscaping of the adjoining territory, and installing transparent noise barriers that will prevent noise transfer between houses to the inner territory of the residential complex and the lower floors of the buildings.

Астана қаласының көлік түйіндерінде қозғалысты басқару тиімділігін арттыру мәселелері

To date, traffic congestion has become one of the most urgent problems of traffic control on the road network of Astana. For many streets (avenues) of the city, the occurrence of systematic traffic jams is becoming characteristic. The increase in traffic congestion, high density and traffic intensity of vehicles reduce the efficiency of the road network, as a result, have an impact on the growth in the number of traffic accidents.It is especially acute in the nodal points (crossroads) of the road network. Here, transport delays increase, queues and congestion are formed, which causes a decrease in the speed of communication, unjustified excessive fuel consumption and increased wear of vehicle components and assemblies.In the context of a fund shortage in the city budget, one of the relevant ways to organize traffic is to increase the efficiency of traffic management.This article discusses the issues of improving the efficiency of managing a traffic light object at the intersection of Kabanbai Batyr and Uly Dala in Astana, in order to reduce traffic delays and ensure the best distribution of traffic flows.Conclusion: The results of field observations were obtained to determine the intensity of traffic during peak hours, the justification was given for adjusting the phase-by-phase passing scheme and the operation mode of the traffic light object at the intersection of Kabanbay Batyr and Uly Dala avenues, which will make it possible to identify a left turn with a change in the structure of the traffic light control cycle ensuring the best distribution of traffic flows.

Inherent Relationship Between Transport Costing and Organizational Competitiveness: A Case of the Road Freight Sector in Zimbabwe

The main aim of road freight transport is transporting of goods by road. It is the most developed area of transport. The advantage of road transport is the direct transport from the sender to the recipient, faster, easier transportation resulting from technology, availability and operability. The disadvantages of this type of transport are traffic intensity dependence on the state network of road infrastructure and negative impact on the environment. The significance of calculation in transport is so important. It helps carriers to inform on the efficiency and profitability of the services provided, also in allocation of pricing services for budgetary purposes, but also for reducing of cost. This study interrogated the inherent relationship between transport costing and organizational competitiveness in the Zimbabwe Road Freight Sector. The study was prompted by an observation that most road freight companies collapsed before even they reach the five-year mark of trading. Literature is awash with transport costing models and there seemed to be a disparity in the conceptualization and application of these to real business scenarios. That led to the use of somewhat firefighting costing strategies with no meaning results. This was a quantitative study of road freight transport sector across Zimbabwe with a population of 1256 registered companies and a randomly picked sample size of 384. A total of 384 questionnaires were distributed and 291 were retrieved giving a response rate of 75.6%. study found out that the idea of transport costing was alien in the minds of many operators and managers as they used borrowed rates from competitors to price their own services without looking at the cost build up to the rate. This led to unprofitable operations. The study findings established that transport costing has a positive effect on organizational competitiveness. The study recommends training and development into transport costing and inclusion of this concept as a stand-alone module in Zimbabwean Education curriculum.

TRAFFIC FLOW IDENTITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CITY

The movement of a traffic flow along city highways is described by the movement of waves of speed, intensity and density, the equations and characteristics of which allow solving applied problems of traffic control, designing city highways and street-road networks and assessing the quality of existing traffic in cities.
 On the routes (sidewalks) there are flows of people (pedestrian flows) walking, on the streets and roads there are flows of cars (car flows), in public transport passengers are combined into passenger flows. These are flow systems that are modeled by a tetrahedron of states, but have their own identity: their flow units (car or step sizes), their travel distance, their travel time.
 For the qualitative restoration of Ukrainian cities, the identity of transport and pedestrian flows is revealed in comparison with different flow systems. The physical essence of traffic flows, their characteristics and interrelations in time and space are revealed. The simulation was based on the theory of state graphs, which made it possible to establish new characteristics of urban flows, such as traffic intensity, specific intensity, passability, traffic inertia, transience, road and transport potentials, exergy and flow power. The throughput capacity of the highway lane, ways to increase it and reduce congestion are determined.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ МОДЕЛЕЙ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ПЕРЕСАДОЧНЫХ УЗЛОВ В СИСТЕМЕ ГОРОДСКОГО ПАССАЖИРСКОГО ТРАНСПОРТА НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ Г. БЕЛГОРОДА

Today, the suburbs are growing and urbanizing, the level of motorization of the population is increasing, which entails an increase in traffic intensity and load on the city's road network. The organization of an intermodal transport system contributes to an increase in the level of comfort of the urban environment, reliability and safety in the integrated use of suburban and surface urban transport. The optimally chosen place for the formation of the transfer hub will improve the standard of living of the population of a large city and its suburbs. In this paper, intermodal transport hubs are considered. Depending on the category of transport hub, commuter rail and route transport, land-based urban passenger and individual transport, as well as passenger services with social infrastructure facilities located in the immediate vicinity of the transport hub interact. The analysis of normative, domestic and foreign scientific and technical literature on the features of the formation and functioning of TPU was carried out. The possibility of an integrated approach in organizing activities for the formation and development of transport hubs within the framework of the existing urban development has been studied. Methods for the design of transport interchange nodes and their models are considered. The existing TPU models are adapted to the context and resource potential of the territories of Belgorod with the highest intensity of labor and social migration of the population.It is proposed to form four transport hubs: 1) category 2 from the south direction (Dubovoe village) at the intersection of Shchorsa streets - Vatutina avenue; 2) TPU of the 1st category based on the railway and bus stop "Salyut Market"; 3) TPU of the 2nd category from the northern direction (Severny village) along the Belgorod bypass road; 4) TPU of the 1st category on the street. Vokzalnaya (station square).

Перспективные технологии усиления основной площадки земляного полотна подбалластным защитным слоем с применением высокопроизводительных комплексов российского производства

Purpose: To examine the necessity of conducting measures to strengthen the main trackbed of railway tracks in order to reduce the impact of track repairs on infrastructure, ensure and enhance the carrying capacity of railway lines. To demonstrate the need to increase the output of high-quality leading machines using closed-loop technology, as well as to propose additional measures aimed at optimizing the number of machines and personnel involved in the production process. Methods: A comparison is made between the currently employed technologies for strengthening the main trackbed with sub-ballast protective layers using automotive and tractor equipment and railway construction machinery, as well as track complexes of foreign production, with the proposed technology and the utilization of high-efficiency domestic track machinery. Analysis of productivity indicators and the selection of the optimal option. Results: The necessity of prioritizing domestic technologies and track machinery for conducting major track repairs is indicated as the most effective means of increasing the load-bearing capacity of the track superstructure. Current requirements for technological processes and track machinery to ensure the sustainable operation of railway tracks under growing freight traffic intensity are examined. Technical specifications of the new track machine for ballast excavation, compaction, and the creation of sub-ballast protective layers are presented. Details regarding the design features of the track machine are provided. Practical significance: The need for implementing high-tech equipment and innovative technologies with higher productivity compared to foreign counterparts is demonstrated, along with the potential economic benefits of adopting the proposed technologies. The suggested technology will increase the lifespan of railway tracks and reduce operating costs.

Quantum walks-based classification model with resistance for cloud computing attacks

Cloud computing is considerably investigable and adoptable in both industry and academia, and Software Defined Networking (SDN) has been applied in cloud computing. Although SDN mitigates some security issues in cloud computing, new security issues related to its own architecture are also introduced. In this paper, we propose a quantum walks-based classification model which is available for intrusion detection in cloud computing. The proposed model concentrates feature information of data via Principal Component Analysis, and then aggregates the concentrated data in the way of quantum walks by a training-free clustering algorithm. The clustering algorithm constructs coin transformation and conditional shift transformation based on transition probabilities to move similar data toward each other. To enhance the usability of the proposed model in cloud computing security, we propose a new cloud architecture which adds security layer in SDN to ponder the protection of cloud computing fundamentally, and simplify transition probabilities equations of clustering algorithm without affecting clustering accuracy, decreasing the time complexity from O(nk2) to O(nk). The experimental results on popular datasets (Accuracy: 99.4% on InSDN, 95.8% on NSL-KDD, 98% on UNSW-NB15 and 96.4% on CSE-CIC-IDS2018) revealed that the proposed model is effective dealing with attacks on SDN-based cloud computing, and is able to maintain stable and excellent attack identification ability under different traffic intensities.

A game theory approach for smart traffic management

The rapid increase in population and transportation resources presents numerous challenges, including traffic congestion and accidents. This paper proposes a smart traffic management (STM) framework that combines the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) and game theory to manage traffic loads at road intersections. The intersection is considered a non-cooperative game, where traffic flow for each route is determined by the Nash Equilibrium (NE) to ensure that no individual can improve their performance by changing their strategy. In severe congestion, many players/vehicles significantly affect the strategy selection process. To address this, we adopt an agent-representative approach, using spectral clustering to group players with the same strategies and payoff. The proposed STM is compared with other schemes, i.e., the conventional approach without NE and SmartRoute. Our STM significantly outperformed existing protocols, reducing intersection traffic intensity by 30% and average waiting time by 40%, demonstrating its effectiveness in managing traffic loads at uncontrolled intersections.

Application of Wireless Magnetic Sensors in the Urban Environment and Their Accuracy Verification.

In a smart city, sensors are essential elements-the source of up-to-date traffic information. This article deals with magnetic sensors connected to wireless sensor networks (WSNs). They have a low investment cost, a long lifetime, and easy installation. However, it is still necessary to disturb the road surface locally during their installation. All road lanes to and from the city center of Žilina have sensors that send data at five-minute intervals. They send up-to-date information about the traffic flow's intensity, speed, and composition. The LoRa network ensures the data transmission, but in the event of failure, the 4G/LTE modem realizes the backup transmission. The disadvantage of this application of sensors is their accuracy. The research task was to compare the outputs from the WSN with a traffic survey. The appropriate method for the traffic survey on the selected road profile is a video recording and speed measurement using the Sierzega radar. The results show distorted values, mainly for short intervals. The most accurate output from magnetic sensors is the number of vehicles. On the other hand, traffic flow composition and speed measurement are relatively inaccurate because it is not easy to identify vehicles based on dynamic length. Another problem with sensors is frequent communication outages, which cause an accumulation of values after the outage ends. The secondary objective of the paper is to describe the traffic sensor network and its publicly accessible database. In the end, there are several proposals for data usage.

Основы методики выбора и обоснования видов городского общественного транспорта Ирака

Purpose: Improving the urban public transport (UPT) system to ensure its efficient operation in Iraqi cities. Choice and justification of the urban transport mode in Najaf (Iraq), which will improve safety and speed of movement of passengers. Justification of the application areas for different types of transport in Iraqi cities by optimizing and selecting modes of passenger transport based on traffic volume, passenger density and urban characteristics. Methods: Statistical processing, functional analysis, mathematical modelling, probability theory, analysis of urban passenger transport in Iraqi cities, classifying Iraqi cities by main characteristics: population density, area, level of motorization, the maximum length of the territory, analysis of passenger traffic intensity and average capacity of the rolling stock. Results: New boundaries of average passenger flow density intervals have been adjusted for groups of Iraqi cities, allowing for the selection of the type of UPT and its share of transportation for each type of rolling stock. A distribution of urban transport modes has been proposed, taking into account the characteristics of Iraqi cities according to their classification. Practical significance: The application of the developed proposals and activities allows: to justify and select the types of urban transport systems for the city of Najaf; to calculate passenger traffic on six different routes with maximum traffic for the city of Najaf; to determine the classification of rolling stock capacity series and the UPT options for Iraqi cities; to provide recommendations for the development of the transport network of Iraqi cities. The proposed distribution of urban transport modes improves public transport services and the quality of use of each mode of transport.

Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in Road-Deposited Sediments Based on the Traffic Intensity of a Megacity

Population growth has led to the intensification of average daily traffic (ADT), highlighting vehicles as one of the major sources of heavy metal (HM) pollution in cities. The objective of this paper is to conduct a spatial analysis of the HM pollution associated with road-deposited sediments (RDSs), based on the ADT observed in the main roads of a Latin American megacity (Bogotá, Colombia). The following risk indices were considered: Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Integrated Pollution Index (IPI), Ecological Risk Index (ERI), Comprehensive Potential Ecological Risk Index (CERI), Hazard Index (HI), and Carcinogenic Risk Index (CRI). The findings confirm that a size fraction < 250 μm is the most suitable for studying the risk of HMs in the RDS from the indices considered. The best HMs indicative of the relationship with ADT are Ni, Cu, and Pb. The Pb is the HM of most attention, and Cr gains positions for its toxicity level during the evaluation of ecological, non-carcinogenic, and carcinogenic risks, respectively. Finally, the linear regression models developed between ADT and each of the risk indices considered have a better fit (R2 > 0.910) compared to the linear regression models developed between ADT and HM concentrations (R2 > 0.322).

Justification of road structures during the restoration of the disrupted section of the road

This article examines the current state and future prospects for the development of the road network in the Russian Federation. It focuses on the implementation of the national project «Safe High-Quality Roads», which aims to achieve new qualitative standards in the construction and operation of the country’s road network. The author analyzes the elements of road maintenance and operation. A comparative analysis is provided, comparing the understanding of road maintenance and operation in the Russian Federation with regulatory documents from the World Bank. The concept of road restoration (rehabilitation) as an allocation criterion by the World Bank is discussed. The study reveals that the domestic approach to selecting repair strategies is based on temporary road operation criteria, while the World Bank’s approach is based on the specific nature of the work and the financial costs associated with repair and road restoration. The author considers various aspects related to repair work on highways. The analysis focuses on groups of factors that contribute to road pavement destruction. External causes, including climatic, geographical, geological, and operational factors that affect road conditions, are identified as the most common causes. Internal causes are also discussed, including outdated technologies, low-quality materials, and errors made during the calculation and construction stages of the road. Different types of pavement destruction leading to complete road damage and the necessity for complete restoration are described and distinguished. Based on this, the article argues that improving quality performance indicators is possible through continuous monitoring of road surface conditions and timely repairs. The author suggests that the use of complex mobile diagnostic laboratories equipped with necessary tools and an information-computing system based on a specialized information-statistical model can significantly reduce the time and financial costs associated with monitoring the condition of roadways. Furthermore, a calculation example is provided to estimate the pavement elasticity index based on traffic intensity and vehicle type. Finally, the article discusses the main initial requirements for justifying road structures.