Traditional Information Sources Research Articles

The problem of choosing information sources (on the example of Kostanay region)

This article discusses: the features of media consumption of the residents of the Kostanay region, priority channels for obtaining local and international news, the popularity of traditional and new media as sources of information. The main purpose of this study is to assess the impact of various types of media on the media space of the region. Moreover, the types of media are evaluated in several aspects at once, including through the prism of the struggle between the Internet and traditional media, TV and newspapers, competition between domestic and foreign media and between traditional and network sources of information. Data collection was carried out using a survey of respondents, both in traditional written form and online through a survey in the Google forms. The results of the study confirmed the hypothesis about the impact of demographic, geographical and historical factors on the very strong influence of the Russian media in the region, both through television and through the Internet, regardless of the level of development of digital technologies in the respondents' locality. But on the positive side, the age of the respondents is inversely correlated with the popularity of Russian media, and accordingly allows us to hope that the issue of information security will be less vulnerable in the future. This study can be a baseline for assessing the dynamics and changes in the media consumption of residents of the Kostanay region. Also, similar studies can be carried out in other regions of Kazakhstan to identify common trends or differences. Keywords: media consumption, mass communication, information security, digital literacy.

Authorship and individualization in the digital public sphere

Authorship and individualization in the digital public sphere

The Effect of App Launches on Analysts’ Use of Traditional Information Sources

The Effect of App Launches on Analysts’ Use of Traditional Information Sources

Medical Students' Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitudes toward Basic Life Support at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia

Background: Life-threatening emergencies can strike anytime, anywhere, and to anyone. The consequences of cardiopulmonary arrest are devastating, and the mortality rate is very high. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is initiated during cardiac arrest and involves breathing and chest compressions to supply immediate blood to the brain. CPR success rates vary depending on the circumstances of cardiopulmonary arrest (in-hospital as opposed to out-of-hospital, witnessed versus unwitnessed, Etc.) and the knowledge and skills of the health care personnel. Aim: This study aimed to determine the knowledge of BLS and related skills among undergraduate students from King Faisal University's medical colleges. Materials and Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between May 11 and July 15, 2022, with King Faisal University Students, Medical Colleges. The sample size of this study was 479. A structured questionnaire was utilized to assess participants' levels of awareness, practical knowledge, and attitudes toward BLS. Results: The results revealed a low level of students’ awareness of BLS. Only 59 (12.8%) of the respondents showed good knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in newborns and adults. only 45 (9.8%) of the respondents had good knowledge about the choking of adults and infants. Only 15 (3.2%) of the participants had a "good" understanding of all BLS items. The study results also indicated that senior students were likelier than junior students to have good BLS knowledge, a statistically significant relationship. Attending BLS training classes and traditional sources of information were significant predictors of having good BLS knowledge. Conclusion: The study's findings revealed that medical and health college students had just a fair understanding of BLS. This finding indicates the essential need for ongoing refresher courses for this vital subject, particularly in the wake of pandemics like COVID-19.

A Descriptive Analysis of the Relationship between Social Media Use and Vaccine Hesitancy among a Sample of Unvaccinated Adults in Canada.

Both traditional and social media information sources have disseminated information on the COVID-19 pandemic. The content shared may influence public opinion on different mitigation strategies, including vaccination. Misinformation can alter risk perception and increase vaccine hesitancy. This study aimed to explore the impact of using social media as the primary information source about the COVID-19 vaccine on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among people living in Canada. Secondary objectives identified other predictors of vaccine hesitancy and distinguished the effects of using traditional and social media sources. We used quota sampling of adults in Canada [N = 985] to conduct an online survey on the Pollfish survey platform between 21st and 28th May 2021. We then used bivariate chi-squared tests and multivariable logistic regression modeling to explore the associations between using social media as one's primary source of information about the COVID-19 vaccine and vaccine hesitancy. We further analyzed the association between specific types of channels of information and vaccine hesitancy. After controlling for covariates such as age, sex, race, and ethnicity, individuals reporting social media as their primary source of COVID-19 vaccine information versus those who had not used social media as their primary source of COVID-19 vaccine information had 50% higher odds of vaccine hesitancy. Among different channels of information, we found that information from television was associated with a 40% lower odds ratio for vaccine hesitancy. Since social media platforms play an essential role in influencing hesitancy in taking the COVID-19 vaccination, it is necessary to improve the quality of social media information sources and raise people's trust in information. Meanwhile, traditional media channels, such as television, are still crucial for promoting vaccination programs.

The Socioeconomic Indicators Linked to Parent Health-Related Technology Use: Cross-sectional Survey.

Despite the prevalence of parent health information seeking on the internet and its impact on parenting behavior, there is a paucity of research on parents of young children (ages 3 to 8 years). Given the importance of this developmental period, exploring how family socioeconomic indicators linked to the digital divide and health inequities affect parent proxy- and self-seeking is critical to further understanding variability in health information seeking and associated outcomes. This study aimed to explore parental health-related technology use (HTU), the process by which parents engage in support, advice, and information-seeking behavior related to their (self-seeking) and their children's (proxy seeking) health across a range of hardware devices (eg, tablet, wearable, smartphone, laptop, and desktop computer) and sources (eg, search engines, mobile applications, social media, and other digital media). A cross-sectional study including 313 parents and guardians of children ages 3 to 8 years recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) was conducted. Parents were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire on a broad range of parenting and parent-related constructs, including sociodemographic information, technology device ownership, and engagement in and use, features, and perceptions of HTU. Descriptive and bivariate analyses (chi-square tests) were performed to identify patterns and investigate associations between family socioeconomic indicators and parent HTU. The overwhelming majority (301/313, 96%) of parents of young children reported engaging in HTU, of which 99% (300/301) reported using search engines (eg, Google), followed by social media (62%, 188/301), other forms of digital media (eg, podcasts; 145/301, 48%), and mobile applications (114/301, 38%). Parents who engaged in HTU reported seeking information about their child's behavior and discipline practices (260/313, 83%), mental or physical health (181/313, 58%), and academic performance (142/313, 45%). Additionally, nearly half (134/313, 43%) of parents reported searching for advice on managing their stress. Among parents who reported using each source, an overwhelming majority (280/300, 93%) indicated that search engines were a helpful online source for proxy- and self-seeking, followed by social media (89%, 167/188), other digital media (120/145, 83%), and mobile apps (87/114, 76%). Among parents who reported using any technology source, approximately one-fifth reported that technology sources were most comfortable (61/311, 20%), most understanding (69/311, 22%), and most influential toward behavior change (73/312, 23%) compared to traditional sources of health information-seeking, including mental health professionals, other health care professionals, school professionals, community leaders, friends, and family members. Indicators of family socioeconomic status were differentially associated with frequency and perceptions of and search content associated with parent HTU across technology sources. The findings of this study underscore critical considerations in the design and dissemination of digital resources, programs, and interventions targeting parent and child health, especially for families in traditionally underserved communities.

Examining Podcast Listeners’ Perceptions of the Journalistic Functions of Podcasts

Podcasting is a well-established medium with a rapidly growing audience but no established ethical standards or professional practices across a wide variety of genres. Through a representative national survey of American internet users ( n = 1,025), this research examined how much podcast listeners ( n = 529) trust podcasts as a source of news and how they evaluate their journalistic merit. Podcast listeners trust podcasts less than most other sources of information, with the exception of online news and satirical news programs. And though listeners agree that podcasting is a form of journalism, a way to stay informed about news and current events, and a valuable source of information, they’re more skeptical of podcasts when comparing them to traditional news sources of information. Age is the only demographic category that predicts listening frequency.

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR CRIMINOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN A TRANSFORMING REALITY

In the context of intense and accelerating transformations of social reality, science acts as one of the adaptive mechanisms to understand the nature of what is happening and the prospects for future change. However, in the face of rapid and substantial social change, the social empirical sciences, including criminology, also need to be transformed to take account of the digitalisation of relations, their exponentially increasing complexity and the growth of universal connectivity. These properties of a transforming reality require not only a move away from traditional sources of information on criminologically relevant phenomena, not only the application (expansion) of an interdisciplinary approach, but also the establishment of a 'quantitative criminology paradigm', a 'computational criminology' that enables the tracking of both criminal and potential criminogenic phenomena as well as background crime phenomena in real time through monitoring and using both preset and self-generated algorithms.

En-Route Planning of Multi-Destination Public-Transport Trips Using Smartphones

Public transport travelers require well-integrated, real-time information systems to use a network. The objective of this study was twofold: (1) to develop a model to determine the effect of personalized information provision through smartphones on user ability to plan multi-destination trips, and (2) to understand user perception of riding public transport aided by real-time, multi-destination trip-planning smartphone applications. Auckland Pioneer was developed for multi-destination trip planning and integrates real-time public transport services with search functions for places of interest. A test trial was conducted in Auckland, New Zealand, and the findings show the effects of the application on multi-destination trip planning in comparison to traditional information sources such as Google Transit. This research contributes to existing literature by demonstrating the importance of personalized information en-route for user multi-destination trip planning. With information to assist trip planning and provide step-by-step guidance en-route, users tend to feel more confident to ride public transport.

Political Communication in the Age of Populism and Mediatization

The loss of mainstream political parties’ credibility, the mistrust over the traditional sources of information, the rise of social media in the public scenario, and the ideological polarization splitting states into different sides seem to be the most recent personality of our democracy. Through this study, we will understand to what extent populist rhetoric affects our decisions in both the civic and personal sphere. Are we owners of our mindset, or are we just victims of the filter bubble? After investigating the basic concepts of political communication and explaining the factors of populism and mediatization that we are experiencing today, we must go further to study whether this ideological fragmentation of states should concern us, and more importantly, whether it is going to increase in Spain. For this, a very important factor is the youth, since are the new generations on whom the future of politics and ideological bias depend.

Egyptian physicians' information-seeking behavior while serving in public isolation hospitals for coronavirus patients

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the information-seeking behavior of Egyptian physicians serving in COVID-19 isolation hospitals.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 91 physicians serving in Egyptian isolation hospitals answered the study questionnaire.FindingsDemographically, more than half of respondents were males. Over one-third of them are holding Doctor of Medicine (M.D), followed by one-third holding Master of Medicine (MMed). Respondents' age ranged from 30 to 60 years. Internal medicine is the most common specialty, accounting for nearly half of all physicians, followed by chest medicine and intensive care medicine. The information-seeking behavior of these three groups in their regular work is believed to be different, but since all of the participants are working in COVID-19 isolation hospitals, they should have the same information resources, Internet access and the same needs relevant to COVID-19 in order to make accurate clinical decisions. The physicians used traditional and electronic information sources to fulfill their information needs, the most important of which were to make a specific research, find an answer to a specific case, and deliver a medical lecture. Colleagues, coworkers, nurses and pharmacists were the most important channels pursued by Egyptian physicians to obtain information.Originality/valueThis study is the first study that focuses on investigating the information-seeking behavior of Egyptian physicians serving in isolation hospitals. Any findings resulted from this study may serve as a noteworthy reference that may be useful to the Egyptian health sector, experts, researchers, as well as policymakers in establishing strategic decisions for making the understating much better.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-08-2020-0350

Mass Media Use to Learn About COVID-19 and the Non-intention to Be Vaccinated Against COVID-19 in Latin America and Caribbean Countries.

BackgroundThe Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region has been one of the regions most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with countries presenting some of the highest numbers of cases and deaths from this disease in the world. Despite this, vaccination intention is not homogeneous in the region, and no study has evaluated the influence of the mass media on vaccination intention. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the use of mass media to learn about COVID-19 and the non-intention of vaccination against COVID-19 in LAC countries.MethodsAn analysis of secondary data from a Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) survey was conducted in collaboration with Facebook on people's beliefs, behaviors, and norms regarding COVID-19. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated to evaluate the association between the use of mass media and non-vaccination intention using generalized linear models of the Poisson family with logarithmic link.ResultsA total of 350,322 Facebook users over the age of 18 from LAC countries were included. 50.0% were men, 28.4% were between 18 and 30 years old, 41.4% had a high school education level, 86.1% lived in the city and 34.4% reported good health condition. The prevalence of using the mass media to learn about COVID-19 was mostly through mixed media (65.8%). The non-intention of vaccination was 10.8%. A higher prevalence of not intending to be vaccinated against COVID-19 was found in those who used traditional media (aPR = 1.36; 95%CI: 1.29–1.44; p < 0.001) and digital media (aPR = 1.70; 95%CI: 1.24–2.33; p = 0.003) compared to those using mixed media.ConclusionWe found an association between the type of mass media used to learn about COVID-19 and the non-intention of vaccination. The use of only traditional or digital information sources were associated with a higher probability of non-intention to vaccinate compared to the use of both sources.

Use of digital technologies in teaching «History»

Information technology development reached the qualitatively new level in recent years. Digitalization generated new opportunities of people’s interaction, the use of traditional sources of information and their interpretation, set the new objects for participants of educational process in the system of higher education. Federal standards of education set tasks of formation of universal competences4 many of them are formed at the non-core disciplines studying at the basis of studying. The article presents how it is possible to use digital technologies, forming at the same time the competences demanded in the professional sphere, during studying the traditional high school course "History".

Student Perceptions and Use of Social Media as Residency Program Information.

Virtual residency interviews during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic posed unique challenges to students and residency programs in the United States. We evaluated fourth-year medical students' perceptions of the virtual format and social media use to help select residency programs. We also assessed applicant utilization and perceived usefulness of our social media content. We administered an anonymous, web-based survey study of interviewees at an urban, academic medical center residency program. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics. Seventy-five of 138 applicants completed the survey (response rate 54%). Most applicants reported worry about obtaining enough information about residency programs to apply (64%) and to rank programs (87%). Though more traditional information sources remain most prevalent, social media is now widely used to research residency programs (62%). Most applicants to this family medicine residency program used social media to gather information, but they expressed worry that it was enough. Virtual interviews are likely to remain postpandemic, creating challenges for residency programs and especially for their hopeful applicants. Programs seeking to provide well-rounded information for applicants should maintain a social media presence as part of their recruitment practices.

The method of cultivating employability of computer majors in colleges and universities based on data mining

Employability is a set of achievements – skills, understandings, and personal attributes – that makes graduate students more going to benefit from work. It well values it for several students to get a degree in computer science. For decades, traditional information sources and methodologies were too expensive and cumbersome to obtain the finer details of learning processes that digital trace amounts of student behavior could provide, and decision-making skills are the basic challenges. Hence the proposed model Amalgamation of Computer Majors based on Data Mining (ACM-DM) is employed to satisfy the challenges discussed above. Training investigators in instructional data science methodologies and balancing the need to protect personal information with sharing data are challenges. As a result, the proposed model helps achieve data, performance, accuracy, interoperability, and security analysis compared to other majors if included in colleges based on data mining.

Reality and Fiction: Scandinavian Tour Operators’ Image of Italy through Photographs

ABSTRACT The fact that traditional information sources are neglected by tour operators and the statement arguing that digital information sources, contrarily to traditional paper ones, allow the projection of modern and innovative destination images, served as a starting point for this study. The aim of this research is to determine what destination images of Italy are projected by traditional and digital information sources from 15 Scandinavian tour operators. A qualitative method based on secondary data (1306 photographs) and a thematic analysis has been employed. Images from catalogs mainly illustrate Italy with hidden mass tourism, famous Italy, and culture, while images from social media accounts mainly represent Italy with mass tourism, unfamiliar Italy, and culture. Further, each Scandinavian country focuses on specific features of Italy. This research has implications for Scandinavian tour operators, DMOs (Destination Management Organizations) in Italian cities and for Scandinavian tourists to Italy, suggesting how displaying images more consistent with reality would better match the customers’ need for information through photographs and more accurately form and shape their pre-travel expectations.

Customer age as a determinant of preferences for information sources: Empirical analysis of a case from Central Europe

The issue of finding effective approaches to marketing communications has been the subject of interest for the academic community as well as marketing managers for several decades. This study presents the results of an empirical analysis concerning the preferences of more than 5,000 Central Europeans aimed at identifying the customers´ preferred way of obtaining information depending on their age. The results of the analysis suggest that younger customers prefer online media, while middle-aged and older customers tend to prefer traditional information sources. The scientific contribution of the study is mainly in the results of cluster analysis, where we discover interesting mergers of customer clusters with a combination of preferentially similar age groups of customers. These newly discovered clusters can serve as a guide for more effective targeting of marketing communication to optimize the use of corporate resources and increase the overall competitiveness of companies operating in the Central European market.

Every Picture Tells a Story: Parenting Advice Books Provide a Window on the Past

This paper comprises a collection of illustrations, along with background information, analysis, and commentary, from “baby books”—advice books published in the United States for a parent audience from the 1890s to the 1980s. These publications, and especially their drawings and photos, provide a window on past child rearing practices and beliefs. The paper provides historical background on parenting behaviors such as toilet training and infant feeding, then traces changes over time through drawings and photos that appeared in parenting advice publications. These publications grew in popularity as changing work and family structures removed traditional sources of information for parents, and scientific information and expert guidance took their place. Publications from a variety of sources, but especially the U.S. Children’s Bureau, are explored. A finding of note is that images of babies and their families, which in earlier publications were entirely white and middle class, became more diverse over time. The author concludes that published parental advice from professionals made for a fascinating study, was ideologically driven, and often lacked a basis in empirical scientific knowledge of child development, and therefore asserts that parents may regard such advice conditionally.

The social media cancer misinformation conundrum.

The social media cancer misinformation conundrum.

Combining Conventional Statistics and Big Data to Map Global Tourism Destinations Before COVID-19

World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) is the major source of internationally comparable data on tourism. However, UNWTO data has two drawbacks: it focuses on international trips and ignores differences between regions within individual countries. Alternative sources of big data are increasingly used to enhance tourism statistics. In this paper, we combine traditional information sources with gridded population dataset and Airbnb data to address the limitations of UNWTO statistics. We produce a map of world tourism destinations measured by the number of tourism visits and tourism expenditure in 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic. We then identify hot spots of tourism and compare the level of spatial concentration of tourism to that of global population and economy. The results illustrate how supply and demand shape the global distribution of tourism, highlight the dominance of domestic travels in global tourism mobility and may help planning tourism policy in the face of current global challenges.