Articulations Of Race Research Articles

Integrating open education practices with data analysis of open science in an undergraduate course.

The open science movement produces vast quantities of openly published data connected to journal articles, creating an enormous resource for educators to engage students in current topics and analyses. However, educators face challenges using these materials to meet course objectives. I present a case study using open science (published articles and corresponding datasets) and open educational practices in a capstone course. While engaging in current topics of conservation, students trace connections in the research process, learn statistical analyses, and recreate analyses using the programming language R. I assessed the presence of best practices in open articles and datasets, examined student selection in the open grading policy, surveyed students on their perceived learning gains, and conducted a thematic analysis on student reflections. First, articles and datasets met just over half of the assessed fairness practices, which increased with the publication date. There was a marginal difference in how assessment categories were weighted by students, with reflections highlighting appreciation for student agency. In course content, students reported the greatest learning gains in describing variables, while collaborative activities (e.g., interacting with peers and instructor) were the most effective support. The most effective tasks to facilitate these learning gains included coding exercises and team-led assignments. Autocoding of student reflections identified 16 themes, and positive sentiments were written nearly 4x more often than negative sentiments. Students positively reflected on their growth in statistical analyses, and negative sentiments focused on how limited prior experience with statistics and coding made them feel nervous. As a group, we encountered several challenges and opportunities in using open science materials. I present key recommendations, based on student experiences, for scientists to consider when publishing open data to provide additional educational benefits to the open science community.

Concepts from the Global South

Abstract Taking its starting point from Dipesh Chakravarty's Provincializing Europe and in particular European analytical concepts, this article argues that it is time to move beyond the diagnosis of “inadequate, but indispensable.” I discuss three approaches that have been suggested for the development of analytical concepts for global history: the creation of equivalents across languages by the historical subjects; the identification of problems as a starting point to trace the language that has been developed to discuss them; and comparison. I then propose a strategy, based on Rolf Reichardt's semantic nets, but taking it beyond its reliance on words, and words in one language only. I argue that these revised semantic nets have the potential to allow us to both trace connections between languages and generate concepts for our analyses, if and when needed, which are not necessarily universal in claim, but transcend source concepts in individual languages.

Can You See Her? The Absent Presence of Black Female Subjectivity in Get Out (2017)

ABSTRACT This article investigates racial-sexual violence, and conceptualizations of Black female subjectivity as they are situated in the cinematic Black political imagination. Through a Black feminist analysis of Get Out (2017), the author argues that the film and its articulation of race in the post-Obama US fails to account for gender and sexuality by tangentially engaging Black women in its dissection of race and racism. The author contends that Black women are the absent presence in the film and utilizes theories of temporal, spatial, and material racial-sexual violence and the coupled subject invisibilities to dissect the (in)visible Black women in film.

Архивные фонды и коллекции документов профессора Г. З. Байера в Санкт-Петербурге и Глазго

The article provides an overview of archival documents related to Gottlieb Siegfried Bayer (1694–1738), professor of the first staff of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Bayer's research interests were quite diverse and included the study of the languages and culture of Asia, the Volga region, the Urals, Siberia, history of the Black Sea region, origin of the Varangians and Rus'. Bayer's documents are mainly concentrated in two repositories: the St. Petersburg branch of the Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPbF ARAN) and in the Special Collections of the University of Glasgow Library (UGL). The article examines the history of the formation and composition of archival collections, as well as the most significant publications. In the St. Petersburg Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences there is a personal collection of Bayer, formed in the Soviet period. The fund includes two inventories: manuscripts of works and materials and correspondence of the scientist, with a total of 64 files. In addition to the personal fund, Bayer’s documents can be found in other funds and categories of the St. Petersburg Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The archive contains notes, projects, organizational, administrative, personnel, financial documentation, including those related to Bayer’s activities as inspector of the Academic Gymnasium. Bayer's papers in the University of Glasgow Library arrived there at the beginning of the 19th century. The collection is made up of documents sent shortly before the scientist’s death to K?nigsberg and includes draft articles, notes, various copies and extracts, correspondence, books from his personal library, a total of 261 items. Almost all the documents in Glasgow are related to Bayer's orientalist interests. Complexes of documents in St. Petersburg and Glasgow include the scholar’s autographs. Most of the documents are manuscripts. There are a small number of printed books, including those of Chinese origin (UGL). Certain documents are duplicated in both complexes, for example, Bayer's correspondence with Jesuit missionaries in China. The first publications of Bayer's archival documents were made in the 18th century. Extracts from the documents appeared in various publications of the 19th century on the history of the Academy of Sciences. Several articles and monographs cited extensive quotations from Bayer's correspondence. A significant number of items were abstracted and cited in the Catalogue of the Bayer collection in Glasgow. A few translations of Bayer's texts are given in the new volume on the history of the Academy of Sciences. Bayer's archival collections complement each other, allowing one to evaluate the academic research practices and trace connections and interactions in the 18th-century scholars.

Tracing connections: using network analysis to study trade and movement in the Mediterranean in the 11th to 14th centuries

Abstract This study uses network approaches to study late medieval Mediterranean trade and movement and test the validity of using network methods to investigate the past. Historical literature largely focuses on merchant communities and which cities were most central for trade. In this article, two networks, one created from archaeological finds and the other from the writings of four medieval travellers, are analysed using various Social Network Analysis centrality measures and Complex Systems Science models and are compared to each other in order to explore the importance of various Mediterranean settlements and the ways in which movement occurred around the region, investigating whether they challenge or support current understandings. Network methods are shown to be useful approaches with various potential future developments to more fully explore the late medieval Mediterranean. These networks both support and challenge current historiographical views of Mediterranean trade and movement. Many of the same settlements are identified as central, and the importance of islands for movement is supported. However, some smaller settlements, which are infrequently mentioned in current historical literature are revealed as central. Movement also appears to have relied on small stopping points, rather than following express routes between a few important centres.

Necropolitics, peacebuilding and racialized violence: The elimination of indigenous leaders in Colombia

This paper proposes the concept ‘necropolitics of peacebuilding’ to analyse how contemporary geographies of peace and post-war violence are shaped by the articulation of race, space, politics and the coloniality of power. We explore how post-conflict programmes, plans and policies shape the uneven distribution of life and death, focussing in particular on the elimination of indigenous leaders. Drawing on research conducted in northern Cauca, Colombia, where many indigenous leaders have been threatened and murdered despite the signing of the Peace Agreement in 2016, our analysis reveals four key factors: 1) The coloniality of power that treats their bodies as disposable and not fully human; 2) The juxtaposition of illicit economies and neoliberal extractivist enterprises in their territories; 3) Violent opposition to their autonomous political projects that aim to defend their land and forms of being; and 4) The disputed presence of peacebuilding programmes seeking to substitute illicit crops. Analysing the relationship between necropolitics, racism and spatial segregation is shown to be crucial to understanding the violence faced by indigenous leaders and communities in post-conflict situations. This paper thus makes an important contribution to understandings of the continuity of necropolitics within the context of peacebuilding.

Performance, Credibility and #MeToo Testimony in Rush v Nationwide News Pty Ltd

ABSTRACT Rush v Nationwide News, a defamation case between Geoffrey Rush and the publishers of the Daily Telegraph, has been credited with exerting a ‘chilling effect’ on the #MeToo moment in Australia. The case presents an opportunity to explore both the influence of the #MeToo moment on testimony and how such testimony is received, interpreted and evaluated through legal institutions and the processes of justice. Through a close textual reading of court transcripts, media reporting and the judgment of Justice Michael Wigney, this article traces connections between the #MeToo moment, the testimony of the alleged victim-survivor, Eryn Jean Norvill and its circulation and reception within and beyond the courtroom. Taking a law and performance theoretical framework, I argue that both chief protagonists engaged in a performative approach to narrative self-construction in the adversarial courtroom – Rush as a theatrical genius, and Norvill as a #MeToo advocate – that profoundly influenced Justice Wigney's assessment of their credibility as witnesses, providing a platform for the judicial destruction of Norvill's credibility and denying her the truth of her own experience as a victim-witness of workplace sexual harassment. Indeed, the highly performative nature of this case and its connection to the assessment of witness credibility exposes the influence of a range of sexual harassment myths within Justice Wigney's judgment. In this way, Rush v Nationwide News starkly exposes the ongoing epistemic priority of masculine normativity within adversarial justice, veiled within the cloak of neutrality, objectivity and reason that frames the assessment of witness credibility.

From roots to reefs: metaphors for relational praxis from the diasporas of Abya Yala and Moana Nui

Contending against colonial and liberal explanations of racialized identity, the authors offer new articulations of race and Indigeneity as a journey from roots to reefs. This work is inspired by the author’s relationships as communities born from Moana Nui (the Pacific Ocean) and Abya Yala (Latin America). The article begins with the theoretical genealogies of trans-Indigeneity as conceptualized by Chadwick Allen and the Tongan (Indigenous people of Tonga) Tā-Vā (time–space) theory of reality. Drawing and applying trans-Indigenous scholarship allows them to use art or poetry to demonstrate pathways of inter-connections among both communities with tā-vā as a conceptual lens to identify relational moments in time and space. Their work is informed by a K’iche’ Maya (the largest group of Mayan peoples currently living in Central America) scholar with Pacific Islander relationships as a relational praxis that is possible among both communities.

Scaling the Detail: Woolfian Proportions

Abstract Virginia Woolf seems to have agreed with Georg Lukács about the static quality of details in turn-of-the century fiction: she too condemned the pictorialism that transformed human subjects and their environments into “still lives.” Her own details are anything but static: they are always in motion, zooming in and zooming out, demanding close observation while also enlarging the frame to the global impact of war or the marginalization of women. Woolf uses details dynamically to move between material objects and human minds, and also to move across scales, and thus produces a specifically narrative theory of the detail. This is also a political theory: the fact that she places large and small side by side, often in the same sentence, speaks to her commitment to tracing connections between the particular and the abstract, the mundane and the mystical, the internal world of thoughts and feelings and the external world of actions.

ДУЭЛЬ НАД ПРОПАСТЬЮ ВО РЖИ: МЕТАМОДЕРНИСТСКИЕ СТРАТЕГИИ СЕРИАЛА «ЧЕРНАЯ ВЕСНА»

the present moment in art is marked by the transition to a new key concept of development, defined by researchers as "metamodernism". This concept suggests a dichotomy of many features of modernity and postmodernity. Art, developing in the key of metamodernism, enters the space of semiotic dialogue with what was before it, and produces a reconstruction procedure. At the same time, within the framework of the collision of the incomparable at first glance, a special tension and “depth similarity” arise. This happens, for example, in the modern series «Black Spring», where the author of the article traces connections of many difficult-to-connect themes, such as: duel ethics and modernity, neo-romanticism and brutality, irony, heroes copied from literary characters or from the heroes of other movies. The article attempts to semantic analysis of images of the series for a better understanding of nature of metamodernism.

Sustaining transformations: changing marine governance, environmental meaning, and ‘left behind’ Brexit narratives on the Yorkshire East Coast

Transformations to sustainability are frequently framed as key to blue growth, but they often engender complex consequences for communities. This article illustrates the role of environmental meaning in these processes through the lens of the Brexit vote on the Yorkshire East Coast. Based on discursive institutionalist analysis of narrative materials from semi-formal interviews conducted in 2017 alongside textual documentation from media, policy, and regional archives, I trace connections between transforming marine governance regimes, environmental meaning, and the British relationship with the EU from the Cod Wars to today. The transformation towards ecosystem-based management in British maritime governance post UNCLOS III left local communities feeling ‘left behind’ not only economically but also in terms of marginalised local meanings of place, labour, and environment. The Brexit vote, in this context, shows the multivalence of transformational processes and the importance of considering environmental meaning as part of their just execution.

Scale-dependent fracture networks

Using examples of regional opening-mode fractures in sandstones from the Cambrian Flathead Formation, Wyoming, we show that quartz deposits preferentially fill fractures up to ca. 0.05 mm wide and fractures transition from being mostly sealed to mostly open over a narrow size range of opening displacements from 0.05 to 0.1 mm. In our example, although isolated (I-node) dominated networks have some trace connectivity, the effective connectivity for fluid flow is likely greatly reduced by quartz cementation. Trace connectivity at microscopic and outcrop scale is similar, but most porosity is found in outcrop-scale fractures. Near faults, trace connectivity increases as initially wide porous fractures preferentially shear and wing cracks form, increasing fracture intersections (Y-nodes). However, pore space is lost due to the development of microbreccia. Macro-scale trace connectivity increases, but porous connectivity diminishes and thus potential for fluid flow is markedly lower. Connectivity descriptions should include accurate measures of widths and lengths and use nodes that reflect scale and diagenesis. We propose new rule-based node descriptions to measure diagenesis sensitive connections within the context of current field practices. Under diagenetic conditions between ca. 50°C–250°C differential infill makes network porosity, and thus permeability and strength, scale dependent.

Attack by a Turkey: Learning to Write History from Bernard Bailyn

Attack by a Turkey: Learning to Write History from Bernard Bailyn

Islamic Architecture in New York Painting

Scholars have generally treated the abstract painter Frank Stella as a quintessential American artist, whose late modernist canvases catalyzed postwar American art. Yet such accounts gloss over Stella’s significant experiences of international travel, including a formative trip to Iran in 1963, made possible by the expansion of U.S. global power after World War II. Drawing on unpublished photographs, letters, and drawings from his trip, I argue that some of the artist’s most significant formal innovations of the 1960s were a direct result of his encounter with Iranian Islamic architecture. Specifically, I trace connections between the Irregular Polygons, a series of forty-four paintings Stella produced between 1965 and 1967, and the Qur’anic epigraphy he documented at Sultaniyya, a fourteenth-century Ilkhanid mausoleum in northwest Iran. “Islamic Architecture in New York Painting” opens up new geographic terrain in the history of American art while insisting on the significance of U.S. global expansionism to its canon.

Review: Four Central Asian Shrines: A Socio-political History of Architecture

Review: <i>Four Central Asian Shrines: A Socio-political History of Architecture</i>

National biographies and transnational lives: Tracing connections between slavery and settler colonialism

National biographies and transnational lives: Tracing connections between slavery and settler colonialism

Considering Meme-Based Non-Fungible Tokens’ Racial Implications

Considering Meme-Based Non-Fungible Tokens’ Racial Implications

Themenzentrierte Verständigung ermöglichen

Margit Ostertag presents her thoughts on the following idea: with its specific combination of person- and problem-centeredness, TCI can help individuals to open up space for perspectives of human development and trigger the transformation processes necessary to achieve this. The author traces connections between TCI and psychological (Carl Rogers), philosophical (Martin Buber), sociological (Hartmut Rosa) and educational (Paulo Freire) approaches, thus pointing to a wider scholarly frame of reference and showing that processes of understanding shaped by TCI can affect our society via the individuals involved.

Filmic Gold: The Elemental Aesthetics of the Klondike Gold Rush in Bill Morrison’s Dawson City: Frozen Time (2016)

Abstract This contribution examines the elemental aesthetics of Bill Morrison’s documentary film Dawson City: Frozen Time (2016). The film traces connections between the birth of Dawson City as a boomtown of the Klondike Gold Rush in Yukon Territory in 1896 and the birth of cinema and the rise of the Hollywood movie industry, linking actual resource extraction (gold mining) to its discursive framing and mythologization (in Hollywood movies). Throughout the film, Morrison incorporates extracts of silent-film reels that were recovered from the permafrost below Dawson City in 1978 and that thus bear distinct marks of water damage that shape the aesthetic of Dawson City: Frozen Time. Through its comprehensive engagement of elemental materialities, Morrison’s film narrates the Klondike Gold Rush as a particular moment in the history of (North American) resource extraction. It invites analysis through the lenses of material and elemental ecocriticism, lenses that allow for understanding this moment within the vast network of profound transformations of the earth that have become known as the Anthropocene. The filmic composition itself prompts the audience to pay close attention to different elements—gold, earth, water, fire—that are crucially involved in both the Klondike Gold Rush and the film’s own history. Via this elemental focus, Morrison also creates a tension between the film’s elicitation of vicarious grief for the loss of the landscape and its evocation of irrevocable transformation as an ongoing process of human and elemental agency.

Food web visualisation: Heat map, interactive graph and animated flow network

Abstract Food webs are the physical foundations of ecosystems. Visualisations help to find and present structural patterns of these weighted networks and are essential in research, conservation practice and education. There has been no open‐source library drawing weighted food webs with fractional trophic levels clearly. The existing approaches are scattered across separate libraries and programming languages. We provide an ensemble of mutually complementary visualisation methods that enable a general overview of the system, as well as a clear presentation of its details: https://github.com/ibs‐pan/foodwebviz. We use colours, sizes, positions, zoom and movement for precise identification of flows, their magnitudes and connectivity patterns. Vertical positions of nodes highlight the fractional trophic level as the most significant structural variable in a food web. The visualisations are in the form of modular and extensible python functions. Jupyter notebooks display them interactively in HTML. A heat map of food web flows or diet proportions shows their general pattern at a glance while retaining their precise identification. An interactive graph allows tracing the flow of matter over subsequent links. The user can select nodes, zoom, adjust layout parameters and manually drag‐and‐drop nodes. An intuitive animation of particles moving between the nodes uses colours and time dimension to trace connections better. It shows the multivariate food web aspects in one graph, together with a structural indicator, the trophic level. A bar plot and a heat map summarise exchanges of matter between the trophic levels. We bring several complementary and customisable methods together to facilitate accompanying every food web publication and analysis with its visualisation. Users can tinker with the interactive output and method parameters to reach the desired effect. Aesthetically appealing images presenting empirical data help to communicate the importance of species interconnectedness and ecosystem complexity to the broader public. Visualisation tools facilitate incorporating real‐world examples in education.