Articulations Of Race Research Articles

Automatic first-arrival picking method based on an image connectivity algorithm and multiple time windows

The use of a computer to automatically pick the first-arrival of a seismic signal is an operation that involves picking and screening the first arrival of the wave according to the criteria established in the manual picking process. To increase the picking accuracy for data with low-to-moderate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), we propose a new single-trace boundary detection algorithm. This algorithm includes three steps: (1) calculate the first-arrival characteristic values through multi time windows; (2) take the times corresponding to the maximum characteristic values given by different time windows as intermediate results; (3) compare the intermediate results: if the difference is too large, it is marked the time is abnormal, otherwise the average time of the intermediate results is taken as the first-arrival time. Using this energy boundary detection method, the characteristic values obtained are bi-directionally expanded to allow the use of the trace connectivity algorithm which is improved from the region growing method. Determining the connectivity between the first-arrival characteristic values is a way to simulate how the human eye discriminates true first arrivals. This method significantly improves the elimination of false or abnormal first-arrivals. Next, a small-step fitting algorithm is applied to the remaining first-arrival characteristic values to complete the calculation of the final characteristic values. Based on the retained first-arrival characteristic values, the missing values are assigned by interpolation. The characteristic values are mapped on the original record and finally the first-arrival picking is completed using a small time window. Theoretical results as well as the results obtained from real data demonstrate that the proposed automatic first-arrival picking method effectively improves the accuracy of the first-arrival picking. Finally, the new picking algorithm is presented more efficient than the energy ratio method, as well as cross-correlation method.

Articulations of race and genealogies of encounter among former Yugoslav migrants in Britain

ABSTRACT While the question of race has been largely underexplored in the study of postsocialist Europe, the logic of coloniality remains at the heart of Europeanness, complicating the assumption that migrants from the region only encounter racial difference once they arrive in a “multicultural” society. The article contributes to recent debates on racializing Central and East European studies as well as the literature on migrant encounters with difference by examining the articulations of “race” and coloniality among migrants from former Yugoslavia in Britain. On the one hand, interactions with fellow migrants are frequently imbued with racialized hierarchies that equate Europeanness with whiteness and modernity. On the other hand, the history of Yugoslav solidarity with decolonizing nations provides an alternative archive that refutes claims of British “openness” and recognizes unexpected forms of intimacy, highlighting a genealogy of encounter that extends the spatiotemporal scope of debates about migrants’ responses to racialized difference.

Integrating critical and trans-affirming pedagogies in argumentation and debate: A heuristic narrative

Courses: Storytelling, persuasion, gender and communication, argumentation and debate.Objectives: In this essay, I map a unit-specific activity for an undergraduate class in argumentation and debate. I argue for the integration of a trans-affirming pedagogy as a key rhetorical frame in communication studies courses. Such pedagogical commitments push instructors to integrate a critical communication methodology while challenging structures that continue mitigating trans experiences, embedding critical interrogation of systemic injustice. Borrowing from LeMaster (Discontents of being and becoming fabulous on: Queer criticism in neoliberal times. Women’s Studies in Communication 2015;32:167–186. DOI: 10.1080/07491409.2014.988776), I use trans heuristically, whereby “trans and transgender are not necessarily intended exclusively as identities … In this way, trans and transgender have two functions: as heuristics and as identities” (p. 169). Thus, as a pedagogical approach, a trans sensibility extends instruction methods to consider, criticize, and analyze binaries of thought, mundane performances of identity, and unlikely communicative phenomena that “get at gender in unsuspecting ways” (LeMaster, B., & Mapes, M. Transing priestly performances: Re-reading gender potentiality in Erdrich’s the last report on the miracles at little no horse. In S. Howard (Ed.), Critical articulations of race, gender, and sexual orientation. Lanham, MD: Lexington, 2014, pp. 161–177). Using an activity from the unit “Argumentation with and as Narrative,” I draw on Enke (Enke responds to Nakamura. In V. Muñoz & E. K. Garrison (Eds), Transpedagogies: A roundtable discussion. Women’s Studies Quarterly 2008;36:288–308. DOI: 10.1353/wsq.0.0093) to ask, “How do we engage with the privileged spaces we occupy as trans and nontrans educators as a way to build alliances that are liberatory rather than oppressive to one another?” (p. 303).

A Multi-Tissue Global Estimation Framework for Asymmetric Fiber Orientation Distributions.

In connectomics, tractography involves tracing connections across gray-white matter boundaries in gyral blades of complex cortical convolutions. To date, most tractography algorithms exhibit gyral bias with fiber streamlines preferentially terminating at gyral crowns rather than sulcal banks or fundi. In this work, we will demonstrate that a multi-tissue global estimation framework of the asymmetric fiber orientation distribution function (AFODF) will mitigate the effects of gyral bias and will allow fiber streamlines at gyral blades to make sharper turns into the cortical gray matter. This is validated using in-vivo data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP), showing that, in a typical gyral blade with high curvature, the fiber streamlines estimated using AFODFs bend more naturally into the cortex than FODFs. Furthermore, we show that AFODF tractography results in better cortico-cortical connectivity.

To Exist Serially: Black Radical Magazines and Beauty Culture, 1917–1919

ABSTRACT This article traces connections between black beauty culture and early issues of The Messenger and the Negro World by attending to two interdependent dimensions of seriality: first, its function as a mode of continuity and, second, its role as a technique of repetition that shapes subjects and groups. Analyzing these two forms of seriality illuminates how these magazines' serial methods for cultivating black radical individuals and communities depended upon and responded to the advertisements and discussions of black beauty culture that appeared in their pages. Madam C. J. Walker's business empire in particular represented alternative approaches to subject formation and continuity via consumption, education, and activism.

To perceive, to conceive, to image: An attempt to reframe future designers’ preconceptions

Abstract Gary Zukav suggested that we consider reality what we take to be true, what we believe and that is based on our perception (1979). If we assume that this is the case, then we might try to use tangible and intangible tools to reframe our preconception. As human beings we are trying to maintain the relation between our body and soma. In the same way someone might try to understand the body–mind coupling as oneness of duality, in other words not two and not one. Furthermore, we can only use our senses to fulfil what is the present, the now. The now action will lead us to a specific scenario. As history has taught us, social and technological innovations have driven human beings to often perceive themselves as the spark of industrial revolution: an ideal salvation for the most urgent issues. Then, it might be acceptable to consider the marriage between art and science as a tool to achieve a sort of soteriological reward. In the same way, if additive art is object oriented then we might be allowed to explore how the applied arts under the design dimension, as practice and research, are struggling in the search for a new spirituality. Moreover the quest for design education, combined with the analysis of post-dramatic theatre and participatory design, has raised the question of how an alternative basic design course could heighten self- and collective consciousness through an approach based on the relation of body–soma. It is noted that design education, since the initiation of Bauhaus Art School, was considered the ideal path to deliver a physical outcome that represented the balance between art, technology and science, while from a philosophical point of view we can recognise the following as a subtle suggestion on what design education should expand its search: ‘to perceive, to conceive, to image: such are indeed the three types of consciousness by which the same object can be given to us’ (Sartre 1940: 8). Tracing connections between Sartre’s idea and the blend of post-dramatic theatre with participatory design into arts education, this article will describe experiments that aim to break down design students’ preconception: a dimension where the process of fabricated realities became the main outcome, the body–soma dialogues struggling to gain the perpetual unbalance. Experiments were conducted at the micro–macro scale, in a non-tactile society, where, for most people, the practice of Buddhism is embedded in daily life. This article aims to underline how an alternative approach to design education in South East Asia could be the building blocks to develop a reflection, an open-ended dialogue on network effect and the self.

Salvage Work: U.S. and Caribbean Literatures amid the Debris of Legal Personhood

Salvage Work: U.S. and Caribbean Literatures amid the Debris of Legal Personhood

Bruno Alfieri, Leo Castelli and Robert Rauschenberg: Metro and the Introduction of Rauschenberg into Italy

The first part of this article traces connections between Bruno Alfieri (1927–2008), a Milanese writer, editor and publisher, and Leo Castelli (1907–1999), the legendary New York art dealer who, from the 1950s until his death, specialized in avant-garde art in the United States. Alfieri contacted Castelli in 1960 to request information on artists that Castelli handled, with a view to featuring them in an American issue of Zodiac, an international architectural review. This contact led in turn to their collaborating on an issue of Metro – an art review edited by Alfieri – that featured Robert Rauschenberg (1925–2008), one of the leading artists in Castelli's gallery. Among the articles on Rauschenberg is one by the avant-garde composer John Cage (1907–1999), which reproduces a drawing that Castelli and Rauschenberg had given to Alfieri. The second part of the article studies this drawing, and concludes that it represents Rauschenberg’s studio in Lower Manhattan and depicts in it an imaginary retrospective comprising works that the artist considered fundamental to his identity. Among these are Rauschenberg's four-panel White Painting from 1951 and details from Satellite, Odalisk and Monogram, three Combines – works that combine aspects of painting and sculpture – made between 1955 and 1959. Running through the article are observations on how the Alfieri-Castelli partnership enhanced Rauschenberg's standing as an international artist. Indeed, Alfieri and Castelli's promotion of Rauschenberg was probably a factor contributing to his triumph at the 1964 Venice Biennale, at which he won the Grand Prize for Painting – the first American to do so.

Precarious Provisioning: Three Explorations of Food after Progress

Studying the socio-ecological systems which produce food highlights the entangled nature of humans, other species and ecosystems near and far. The three texts discussed in this essay have this awareness in the foreground. Participants in the solidarity economy and artisan cheesemakers know this, and the three authors do as well, demonstrating an integration of ecological awareness in their research and the pursuit of new knowledge. Cristina Grasseni, Heather Paxson and Anna Tsing trace connections and describe flows of organisms, food, skills and ideas, from the microbial community on the surface of a maturing cheese to global trade networks shaping mushrooms, mushroom pickers and forests. Each demonstrates the tight synergies of human culture and more-than-human nature that shape ecosystems and produce food beyond increasingly fragile capitalist industrial food production systems.

Perunutan aliran sungai bawah tanah dalam rangka pengembangan sumber daya air daerah karst

Tracer technique is widely known as one of the methods used to find the relationship between the cave or underground river system in karst areas of South Blitar. In karst area of south blitar karst areas a number of water sources such as springs, underground river, and some streams out into the South Sea trace connections amongtracing the flow of underground river using tracer technique has been implemented with the aim to obtain data and information on flow systems around Umbul Tuk caves, so that water resources can be further developed as a value-added utilization of raw water supply in Blitar. Testing was conducted using artificial tracer material in the form of common salt NaCl and measurements were performed using a measuring instrument electrical conductivity (EC ). The measurement results indicate the existence of an underground river channel that connects Rowo with Umbul Tuk, with a flow rate of Umbul Tuk canal towards the South Sea of 360 l/s (March 2012), which has the potential to be exploited. Utilization of this flow, in addition to the needs of local people, and potentially also for fulfilling the needs of the new tourism in Pangi coast of the South Sea, which at present is still not developed.

Epidemics in Modern Asia by Robert Peckham

Reviewed by: Epidemics in Modern Asia by Robert Peckham Mark Harrison Robert Peckham. Epidemics in Modern Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. xxi + 355 pp. Ill. $32.99 (978-1-107-44676-2). Despite its centrality to the epidemiological history of humankind, scholarship on epidemics in Asia remains patchy. Moreover, by comparison with other parts of the world, there is surprisingly little in the way of synoptic vision. Robert Peckham's book goes some way to remedying this—tracing connections between some of the more prominent foci, while illuminating parts of the epidemiological landscape that have languished in obscurity. His purpose is partly to inform current debates about Asia's place in a global disease environment and partly to show the potential of epidemics as historical subjects. Few would deny the importance of either aim. On the one hand, the threat presented by epidemics has been grossly over-simplified and depoliticized. On the other, the historiography of epidemics has attracted fewer scholars of late and has suffered from a want of new approaches. In both senses, Epidemics in Modern Asia is a welcome contribution to the literature. Also noteworthy is Peckham's bold and refreshing approach to the subject. Whereas one might have expected a history structured around particular diseases, he has organized his material around five themes: mobility, cities, environment, war, and globalization. Each is illustrated by a handful of case studies illuminating aspects of epidemic disease over the past two centuries. In each chapter we encounter a number of different diseases, not all of which (e.g., schistosomiasis and sexually transmitted diseases) would normally be considered as epidemics. As Peckham points out in the introduction, the term "epidemic" is rather slippery, but it is perhaps too freely applied in some of the chapters. [End Page 677] The structure of this book has much to recommend it, especially as some themes warrant special consideration, on account of either their neglect or the need to revise opinions that have been too easily arrived at. Such is the case with the history of war and epidemics. Peckham's approach is commendably different from much of the literature on this subject, examining how specific forms of violence have shaped epidemics and vice versa. Also notable is the author's consideration of the environmental dimensions of epidemic disease. While there is a growing body of scholarship on this subject (for example, on the Ottoman Empire),1 it has often been sidelined in favor of a focus on the political ramifications of epidemics. By devoting a whole chapter to the environment, Peckham helps us understand the relationship of disease to the transformations wrought by modernization, whether in colonial settings or independent nations such as the People's Republic of China. One gains many insights from considering epidemics thematically, but there are some drawbacks, too. Perhaps the most important of these is that it restricts the possibilities for comparative analysis. Readers seeking to understand differences in how nations/colonies experienced the same types of disease will be disappointed. Also, most of the examples used in the book are drawn from East and Southeast Asia, with only occasional examples from work on India, for example. West Asia is not considered at all. The reliance on case studies to illustrate particular themes always involves difficult choices, and Peckham handles this skillfully for the most part. But occasionally there are some large gaps, such as in the chapter on the environment. This leaps from a discussion of malaria control in Japanese-controlled Taiwan to the eradication of the disease in that country in 1965. As a result, we hear little about how the Taiwanese dealt successfully with this problem in the intervening years. Epidemics in Modern Asia does not present an overarching thesis about the significance of epidemics in modern Asian history, whether demographically or in any other sense. However, it does much to revive a flagging historiography, showing many new ways in which epidemics could be used to explore key themes in Asian history. It also successfully challenges simplistic narratives about the nature of epidemics and their control. Historians of disease and public health will therefore learn much from reading this thought-provoking book, regardless of their...

We Deportees

This article addresses a critical inflection point in the history of the long War on Terror: Israel’s 1992 deportation of over four hundred Palestinians to the “no-man’s-land” between Israel and Lebanon, and the camp that the deportees fashioned for the better part of one year to contest the legitimacy of Israeli colonialism and demand their return. The deportation—meant to incapacitate Islamic militant resistance to the US-brokered peace process between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization—paradoxically provided the conditions of possibility for conversation and collaboration among attorneys, doctors, professors, university students, and imams, which had heretofore been highly restricted and regulated by Israel’s carceral practices in the West Bank and Gaza. The deportees—those who in Giorgio Agamben’s estimation had been literally abandoned in a zone of indistinction—engaged in a political practice of “habitational resistance,” refusing their conversion into homines sacri by performing instead a mode of life that rendered multiple lines of transterritorial affiliation, self-assertion, and continuity. The deportees’ published archive—poetry, photobooks, autoethnographies—is understood as a technology of mediation that operates beyond the bounds of the prevailing Islamophobic and orientalist frames while also addressing Palestinians in Israel, the West Bank, and Gaza. The case of the deportees thus illuminates the articulation of race, religion, and war as it rubs against the linkage between settler colonial dispossession and the Westphalian trinity of nation, state, and territory.

Neoliberalism and the Far-Right: A Contradictory Embrace

This article examines the contradictory relationship between neoliberalism and the politics of the far-right. It seeks to identify and explain the divergence of the ‘economic’ and the social/cultural spheres under neoliberalism (notably in articulations of race and class and the ‘politics of whiteness’) and how such developments play out in the politics of the contemporary far-right. We also seek to examine the degree to which the politics of the far-right pose problems for the consolidation and long-term stabilization of neoliberalism, through acting as a populist source of pressure on the conservative-right and tapping into sources of alienation amongst déclassé social layers. Finally, we locate the politics of the far-right within the broader atrophying of political representation and accountability of the neoliberal era with respect to the institutional and legal organization of neoliberalism at the international level, as most obviously highlighted in the ongoing crisis of the EU and Eurozone.

Visualizing practices in project-based design: tracing connections through cascades of visual representations

ABSTRACTProject-based design involves a variety of visual representations, which are evolved to make decisions and accomplish project objectives. Yet, such mediated and distributed ways of working are difficult to capture through ethnographies that examine situated design. A novel approach is developed that follows cascades of visual representations, and this is illustrated through two empirical studies. In the first case, Heathrow Terminal 5, analysis starts from paper- and model-work used to develop design, tracing connections forward to an assembly manual that forms a ‘consolidated cascade’ of visual representations. In the second, the Turning Torso, Malmo, analysis starts from a planning document, tracing connections backward to the paper- and model-work done to produce this consolidated cascade. This work makes a twofold contribution: first, it offers a methodological approach that supplements ethnographies of situated design. This allows the researcher to be nimble, tracing connections across comple...

Obituaries as Markers of Memory

Many Aboriginal peoples belong to stateless nations within the White Canadian nation-state. Their claims to sovereignty are predicated on a timeless, immemorial existence that predates White settlement. Yet, the very reproduction of the nation is a gendered and raced project, centering some bodies while marginalizing others. In tracing the ways in which Aboriginal women have been projected on the canvass of the nation’s memorials—in obituaries—this article interrogates the visibility/invisibility of Aboriginal women and sheds light on the changing racial logic that underpins the articulation of race and gender in the twenty-first century.

The world-wide web of humanitarianism: NGOs and population displacement in the third quarter of the twentieth century

Non-state organisations were important actors in the international refugee regime after the Second World War. This article traces connections between refugee crises and geo-politics by focusing on the interaction of three NGOs with the new Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in the 1950s. One non-state actor, the World Council of Churches (WCC), highlighted the suffering of German expellees as illustrating the limitations of the refugee regime. The second non-state organisation, Jami’at al’ Islam (JAI), asserted its right to represent all Muslim refugees in Europe. Along with its anti-Communist stance it adopted an anti-colonial rhetoric and denounced the limitations of UNHCR’s mandate, but it was later exposed as a front for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). The third organisation, Comité Inter-Mouvements Auprès des Evacués (CIMADE), formed in 1939 to help French Jews escape deportation during the Vichy era, subsequently aided Algerians who suffered persecution by the French authorities. Like WCC, this began a long ‘career’ in humanitarianism. In its dealings with these NGOs, UNHCR trod cautiously, because it was constrained by its mandate and the governments that contributed to its budget. Each example demonstrates the challenges of ‘non-political’ efforts to offer humanitarian assistance to refugees and the limits to the autonomy of non-state organisations.

Domestic virtues and national importance: sailors, commerce, and virtue in Mansfield Park, Persuasion, and The Wealth of Nations

Many scholars have noted the ways in which Jane Austen's narratives bring to life elements of Adam Smith's moral philosophy as articulated in Theory of Moral Sentiments. His economic treatise Wealth of Nations is also worth considering. Looking at the representations of sailors in Mansfield Park and Persuasion, this essay traces connections to Wealth of Nations to argue that Austen is cautiously but increasingly accepting the role of commerce in her society. Through her portrayal of naval officers, she conceptualises commercial ambition and domestic affection as intertwined rather than in tension. This connection provides a check to acquisitiveness and mercantile urges. She also appears to reject specialisation as a desirable human occupation. As a result, she unites the sympathies of The Theory of Moral Sentiments with the entrepreneurial energy of The Wealth of Nations. While Fanny Price and Anne Elliot are each, in their own ways, exemplary women, it is noteworthy that Austen gives us William Price and Captain Wentworth as exemplary, naval, commercial, men.

“Philosophy for the Ladies”: Feminism, Pedagogy, and Natural Philosophy in Charlotte Lennox’s Lady’s Museum

This article re-examines Charlotte Lennox’s work in her serial Lady’s Museum (1760–61) by placing the periodical in con versa tion with her novel The Female Quixote (1752), and specifically focusing on the author’s pedagogical interests. By drawing on the historical and biographical details of Arabella’s study and the historical, geograph ical, and scientific articles in Lady’s Museum, I trace con nec tions between the practices of read ing and self-education en dorsed within the novel and in the periodical. I argue that Lennox’s stance on women’s edu ca tion in both pub lica tions represents a more liberal feminist peda gogy than has been traditionally acknowledged. In line with recent criticism in peri odical studies, I assert that the mid-century periodical offered dis tinct educational opportunities for women.

As If It Were for the Last Time: Wim Wenders—Film and Photography

To look at something as if it were for the last time, as if the thing looked at were disappearing: this article considers what this attitude reveals about Wim Wenders's work in film and photography. For Wenders, photography has several overlapping functions: it is a medium with its own aesthetic requirements and demands, a way to reflect on the nature of cinema, and, most challenging of all, a form of temporal experience characterized by a sense of things passing. Drawing on these functions, the article traces connections between photography and cinema to shift our understanding of Wenders's career from that of a filmmaker who also takes photographs to someone for whom the photographic image—its history and temporal implications—plays a central role in his creative practice.

Legal language and poetic language: the audacities of the count-bishop Miró Bonfill

This paper addresses the poetic originality of Miro Bonfill, count of Besalu and bishop of Girona (tenth century), in one of the documents attributed to him: the provision certificate of the church of Sant Pere de Besalu. The analysis of the 27 verses contained in this document shows an evident dependence on poets like Paulinus of Aquileia and Venantius Fortunatus, but it also allows to trace connections with other contemporary and later works. This fact poses new questions on the literary links between Catalonia and Europe in the tenth century.