Trabzon Province Research Articles

P2.10-14 The Evalution of Relationship Between Radon Gas and Lung Cancers in Trabzon

Radon is a carcinogenic gas and the second most important cause of lung cancer after tobacco smoking. The object of this study is to evaluate the relationship between lung cancer patients in Trabzon province according to the districts and the radon gas exposures with the floor number of the patients resident. A total of 104 patients, who were diagnosed with lung cancer living in the province of Trabzon, included to this retrospective study. Spearman Correlation test was used to evaluate the correlation between radon gas and the incidence of lung cancer according to the Trabzon districts. The highest incidence of lung cancer was found with 32.3/100.000 in 2016 and the highest concentration of radon gas was 132 Bq/m3 in Trabzon. There was no statistically significant correlation between radon gas concentrations and lung cancer incidence in Trabzon districts (p=0.446, r=-0.076). We found a low negative correlation between the radon gas level and the floor number of the patients reside in. This difference was statistically significant (r=-0.259, p=0.008).This result was supportive the relationship between high radon gas concentration and lung cancer. Radon gas constitutes about 50% of natural radiation. A statistically significant difference was found between radon gas level and the floor number of the patients resident in Trabzon. There is needed to undertake more extensive studies on this subject throughout Turkey.

Designing a sustainable rangeland information system for Turkey

The purpose of this study is to identify the deficiencies of the rangeland information system currently used in Turkey and, as an alternative, design a sustainable rangeland information system. In the study, both the extent of changes that occurred over time in the rangelands and the factors that caused such changes were identified, and solutions were suggested to eliminate those factors. The rangelands located in the Akçaabat district of Trabzon province were selected as the study area. Land use maps were produced by using the object-based classification method. According to the results of change analyses made with this information system, it was found out that, from 1973 to 2012, a surface area of 159.8 hectares had been degraded, demonstrating that the current information system had not been successful enough in the management of rangelands. For that reason, a sustainable rangeland information system free from all deficiencies was designed.

Determining Levels of 8th Grade Students of Secondary School to Understand Cognitive Structures and Concepts Concerning Concepts of Fundamental Citizenship

Purpose of this study is to determine cognitive structures, conceptual knowledge and misconceptions of the 8th grade students concerning concepts of citizenship through a word association test. In direction of this purpose, a word association test consisting of democracy, sovereignty, independency, freedom, right and responsibility concepts have been applied to 175 8th grade students who studied at 3 secondary schools in Trabzon province during 2017-2018 school years. Conceptual networks have been formed in direction of responses of the students to these concepts, and cognitive structures of the students have been demonstrated. It has been concluded as a result of the study that students associate concept of democracy mostly with equality, right, justice concepts. They associate concept of sovereignty with freedom, nation, independence concepts and concept of independency with freedom, flag and liberty concepts. They also associate concept of freedom with independency, justice, liberty concepts and concept of right with freedom, nation and sovereignty concepts. They associate again concept of responsibility with task, duty and work concepts. It has been determined as a result of the study that a good part of the students can make sentences involving scientific information about freedom, independency and responsibility concepts and they have no misconceptions about these concepts. It has been determined that a limited number of students have misconceptions about the concept of right. As for one of the important results of the study, most of the students have misconceptions about the concept of sovereignty.

Evaluation of Early Adolescent Subjective Well-Being in Terms of Submissive Behavior and Self-Esteem

This research aimed to investigate the correlation between subjective well-being and submissive behavior and self-esteem in students in the early adolescent period. The research was completed with a relational design. The research group comprised sixth, seventh, and eighth class middle school students in the spring term of the 2015–2016 academic year in Trabzon province. Data collection tools included a Personal Information Form, Submissive Behavior Scale, Two-Dimensional Self-Respect Scale (Self-Liking and Self-Confidence Scale), Satisfaction with Life Scale and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. The results of the correlation analysis found a significant positive correlation between subjective well-being and self-esteem (r = 0.54, p < 0.01; 95% CI [0.44, 0.61], Cohen’s d = 1.28); however, the correlation between subjective well-being and submissive behavior was not significant (r = –0.02, p > 0.05; 95% CI [–0.11, 0.09], Cohen’s d = 0.04). There was a significant negative correlation identified between self-esteem and submissive behavior (r = –0.10, p < 0.05; 95% CI [–0.20, –0.01], Cohen’s d = –0.20). Additionally, according to our findings, self-esteem accounts for 29% of the variation in well-being (F(1, 367) = 150.79, p < 0.001). The contribution of self-esteem to the subjective well-being explanatory model was found to be significant (sz = 0.54, p < 0.001).

The Bryophyte Flora of Sis Mountain (Giresun-Trabzon, Turkey)

As a result of bryological explorations in the Sis Mountain (Giresun and Trabzon provinces) in Turkey, a total of 327 bryophyte taxa were determined from 141 different localities. Of these, 54 taxa are liverworts and 273 taxa are mosses. Among them, Pohlia camptotrachela is reported for the second time from Turkey.

Feedback Strategies Which Social Sciences Teachers Give to Their Students

This study tried to define the feedback strategies of social sciences teachers and their opinions about the content of the feedback. The study was carried out with phenomenological design which is one of the ways of qualitative research methods. The data that was collected by semi-structured interview form for the research was provided through descriptive analysis. The study was administered to 33 social sciences teachers at secondary schools in Trabzon province. As a result, it was determined that the teachers give feedbacks both verbally and written with a positive attitude. Moreover, the feedbacks were provided individually. They give their feedbacks both at the beginning and at the end of the class, and they use the progressive rating key in the process of feedback. Eventually, it was found out that teachers give feedback regularly and these feedbacks are reaching to children through the right evaluation function. As a result, it was also seen that teachers consider the capacity of each child while they give feedbacks to them openly.

Analysis of Refugee Students’ Interest, Attitudes and Learning in Social Sciences Lessons from the Perspectives of Teachers and Students

Summary The aim of this study is to examine the interest, attitudes and learning of refugee students living in Turkey towards social sciences lessons from the perspectives of both teachers and students. This phenomenological study was carried out with 20 refugee students in 10 different public schools in Trabzon province, in the 2016–2017 spring term. In addition, 13 social sciences teachers working in these schools participated in the study. The participants were chosen via the purposeful sampling method of criterion sampling. An open-ended interview form was applied in the data collection phase, and the data were analysed through content analysis. The findings revealed that the social sciences teachers had problems in communicating with refugee students due to language barriers, and they were unable to apply individualized instruction with these students due to the limitations of the curriculum. It was further established that the refugee students had a particular difficulty in learning Turkish history and culture-related topics, because they were exposed to these subjects for the first time. On the other hand, it came to light that the students performed better when social sciences teachers taught their lessons using simpler terminology, assisted with visuals. As the results of the study highlight the fact that the social sciences curriculum is too intensive to allow for individualized instruction, it is suggested that additional studies should be carried out with refugee students; moreover, refugee students may be peer-educated with the help of other refugee students who can speak Turkish.

Genetic analysis of the complete G gene of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) genotype Ie isolates from Turkey

Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is an enveloped non-segmented, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus that Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is an enveloped non-segmented, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus that belongs to the Novirhabdovirus genus of the family Rhabdoviridae. This virus causes economically significant diseases of farmed rainbow trout, in Turkey, which is often associated with the transmission of pathogens from European resources. In this study, moribund rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) samples were collected during an outbreak of VHSV in a rainbow trout fish farm in Bolu province of Turkey in 2006. In addition, two VHSV strains were isolated from wild turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) in Trabzon province of the Black Sea region of Turkey during field survey. We have sequenced the full-length glycoprotein (G) gene of three VHSV isolates and, compared them with 25 previously published gene sequences. Based on complete gene nucleotide sequence, Turkish VHSV isolates were classified into class Ie of genotype I, which closely related to GE-1.2 isolate (97.1-97.5% nucleotide identity and 98.2-98.4% amino acid identity) found in Georgia more than 30 years ago. These isolates could be an indigenous type of VHSV distributed in Black Sea. On the other hand, Turkish isolates have 97.5-97.6% nucleotide identity and 98.8-99% amino acid identity with Finnish, Danish, and Norwegian isolates which are classified under Ib and Id. These results suggest that Turkish VHSV isolates may have orginated from Europe and co-circulating with indigenous strains which can threaten the aquaculture industry in Turkey.

Self-Harm Behaviour in Adolescents: Body Image and Self-Esteem

This research aimed to reveal the relationship between self-harm behaviour, body image, and self-esteem, and examined whether there was a difference between the body image and self-esteem of the adolescents who exhibited self-harm behaviour and those who did not. The study was conducted with the participation of 263 high school students — 143 females (54.3%) and 120 males (45.6%) — who studied in various high schools in the Trabzon province, Turkey. The students’ ages ranged from 15 to 18; the mean age was 17.02 ( SD = 1.59). The research was conducted using the Inventory of Statements about Self-Injury, the Body Perception Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and a personal information form. The research concluded that there was a significant relationship between body image and self-esteem of the adolescents, and that body image and self-esteem were the significant regressors of self-harm behaviour.

The bryophyte checklist of Trabzon Province of Turkey

The bryophyte checklist of Trabzon Province of Turkey

A Research on the Practice of Volunteer Guardianship in Primary Schools (Example of Trabzon Province)

A Research on the Practice of Volunteer Guardianship in Primary Schools (Example of Trabzon Province)

TEMPORAL CHANGES OF LAND USE CAPABILITY CLASSIFICATION DEPENDING ON THE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: CASE STUDY OF TRABZON PROVINCE

Abstract. Achieving high efficiency by taking advantage of agricultural land at a high level allows the continued vitality of the soil and also contributes to the country's economy. The land with the most fertilizer from agricultural land is generally the first class agricultural land (I.) followed by second (II.) and third class (III.) agricultural lands. It is accepted that all these lands are considered to be protected and various restrictions have been introduced to these lands. Soil conservation, use and development of balanced is possible to be defined in detail by exploiting the developing science and technology possibilities, determination well-defined properties and the implementation of policies by making the necessary plans. For this reason, Trabzon province is selected as the pilot region land use capability of agricultural land classes (especially urban-rural area and plateau) ongoing changes in the past years until today are examined depending on the land use first, second and third class. In this context, satellite images for 2002, 2005, 2009 and 2017 and land use data including the non-agricultural use of the province of Trabzon has been discussed and the temporal changes of agricultural areas depending on land use capability have been examined using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In all the productive areas of Trabzon Province, the increase in urban-rural development has been examined in detail because of especially the creation of planned areas and the occurrence of construction needs. This study is a small-scale case study and the results are examined and analyzed using GIS.

The View of Primary School Fourth Grade Students and Teachers’ Questions about Turkish Language Lessons in the Terms of the Revised Bloom Taxonomy

The aim of this research is to investigate asking questions of fourth grade primary school teachers and students related to the Turkish Lessons in terms of the revised Bloom taxonomy. In this research, case study pattern of qualitative research method is used. Participants of the research are 242 fourth grade students from five different primary school and their classroom teachers in the central district of Trabzon province. In the research, in order to determine the asking question skills, students and teachers are asked to prepare questions related to the texts which are narrative and informative and answer those questions. The questions prepared by students and teachers are revised and analyzed according to revised Bloom's taxonomy and their cognitive levels are determined. In addition, teachers are interviewed in order to determine their opinions about their works related to the asking question skills in Turkish Lesson and asking question skills of students. As a result of the research, it is found that the questions prepared by students are teachers are at lower cognitive level and teachers do not enough studies to improve their asking question skills. In the light of the findings, some suggestions are developed both to improve asking question skills of students in primary school Turkish Lessons and for the later studies.

First report of the recently introduced, destructive powdery mildew Erysiphe corylacearum on hazelnut in Turkey

Hazelnut (Corylus avellana) is Turkey’s most valuable agricultural export, and an essential source of income for many families in the Black Sea Region. In spring 2013, hazelnut leaves, fruit clusters and shoots showing powdery mildew infection symptoms different from those observed previously were discovered in Giresun, Ordu and Trabzon provinces of Turkey. The disease has become epidemic throughout all hazelnut production areas spreading from east to west of the Black Sea Region over the subsequent years. Erysiphe corylacearum was identified as the causal agent of this new and highly destructive powdery mildew based on its morphological characteristics and analyses of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 28S regions of the ribosomal DNA. Pathogenicity of this species was examined in an infection test and proven for the first time. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. corylacearum on Corylus avellana worldwide.

The Bryophyte Flora of Kanuni Campus in Karadeniz Technical Universtiy

In this study the bryophyte flora of Kanuni Campus KTU (Trabzon) was investigated between March and June in 2016. Approximately 300 bryophyte samples were collected from the study area and 102 bryophyte taxa were identified. The distribution of bryophyte taxa were 18 families, 48 genera and 94 taxa of mosses, 5 families, 5 genera and 7 taxa of liverworts and 1 family, 1 genus and 1 taxon of hornwort. 23 of the identified taxa are new records for Trabzon province .

Physical and Some Chemical Characteristics of Loquat Genotypes Selected in Central District in Trabzon Province

Physical and Some Chemical Characteristics of Loquat Genotypes Selected in Central District in Trabzon Province

Trabzon’dan Ahşap Bir Cami Örneği: Of – Bölümlü Mithat Paşa Camii / A Wooden Mosque from Trabzon: Of – Bolumlu Mithat Pasha Mosque

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Trabzon, which is located on the shore of Black Sea and one of the oldest centers in Anatolia, has included many cultural heritage factors due to its historical importance and background. Mosques have an important role in shaping cultural heritage of the region. One of them is a wooden mosque which located in Bolumlu suburban area at Of District in Trabzon province. The wooden mosque is one of the historical and important models in Anatolia in terms of wooden material use in the traditional architecture. The wooden material which has an important role in Black Sea Region's building culture was widely and ingeniously used on bearing systems and other components of Bolumlu Mithat Pasha Mosque. The objective of this study is to examine and promotion of this mosque’s architectural properties and discussion of current situation of this mosque. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Öz &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Trabzon, geçirdiği tarihsel süreç nedeniyle çok sayıda kültürel miras unsurunu bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Sözü edilen kültürel miras unsurlarından bir tanesi de Trabzon’un Of İlçesi'ne bağlı Bölümlü Beldesi, Mithatpaşa Mahallesi’nde bulunan ve geleneksel mimaride ahşap kullanımının Anadolu'daki tarihi ve önemli örneklerinden bir tanesi olan camidir. Karadeniz Bölgesi yapı kültürü için önemli bir malzeme olan ahşap, Of Bölümlü Mithat Paşa Camii'nin hem taşıyıcı sisteminde hem de diğer elemanlarında ustalıkla kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu tarihi yapının mimari özelliklerinin araştırılması, tanıtılması ve güncel durumunun değerlendirilmesi bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır.&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Pre-implantation genetic screening among women experiencing recurrent failure of in vitro fertilization.

To determine the efficiency of pre-implantation genetic screening (PGS) among women scheduled to undergo intracytoplasmic sperm injection who had experienced recurrent in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure. The present retrospective cohort study reviewed the medical records of consecutive women who had experienced recurrent IVF failure and had presented at a private IVF facility in Trabzon Province, Turkey, to undergo intracytoplasmic sperm injection between May 1, 2012, and December 31, 2014. Patient data and perinatal outcomes were compared between patients who underwent PGS and those who did not. There were 88 patients included in the study; 43 patients had undergone PGS and 45 had declined to do so. No differences were detected in the clinical pregnancy rate (P=0.846), spontaneous abortion rate (P=0.416), number of perinatal deaths (P=0.162), or the number of live deliveries (P=0.188) between the groups of patients. The pregnancies included in the study resulted in 25 neonates being delivered; 24 had normal karyotypes, and one neonate from the control group had a karyotype of 46, XX, 9ph. Among the 19 embryos that were not transferred, the most frequently encountered chromosomal anomalies were diploidy, monosomy X, and 2N/N/4N mosaicism, detected in 7 (37%), 2 (11%), and 2 (11%) embryos, respectively. PGS had no effect on perinatal outcomes among women experiencing recurrent IVF failure.

Bacterial Biodiversity of Industrial Soils from Aydın and Trabzon Province

The aim of this study was to determine bacterial biodiversity of industrial soils from Aydin and Trabzon Province using morphological, cultural, biochemical and molecular methods. Factory wastes, detergents, pesticides and gasoline are accepted as pollutants to the environment. In this study a total of 65 samples which can tolerate xylene, acetone, chloroform and methanol were acquired. According to the Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology morphological, cultural and biochemical tests, 48 of these samples were found to be Bacillus sp . and 17 of them were found to be Pseudomonas sp . For molecular identification 16S rDNA-PCR method was used. Seven different genera and a total of sixteen species were found as a result of the study.

Two new Rhodocybe species (sect. Rufobrunnea, Entolomataceae)from the East Black Sea coast of Turkey

Two new species of Rhodocybe, R. asanii and R. asyae (Entolomataceae), are described and illustrated from the East Black Sea coast of Turkey. The new species are known from two different localities in Trabzon Province. Diagnostic morphological and molecular (nrITS and nrLSU sequences) characters between the new species and their allies are compared and discussed. Rhodocybe asanii is easily distinguished from related species by its small, reddish beige, convex to plate, or irregular, fragile pileus; adnexed to sinuate lamellae; a pruinose stipe; small basidiospores; and unique sequences. Rhodocybe asyae is recognized well by a rather small, thin, salmon pink, smooth, dish or slightly cup-shaped pileus; decurrent lamellae; a small, pruinose stipe; and different sequences from R. asanii and allied taxa. Some notes on the ecology of the newly described species, a key to the thus far known Turkish Rhodocybe taxa, and phylogenetic trees are provided.