Confusion Of Tongues Research Articles

A Note on the Translation of Ezra 4:12

Abstract This article provides a philological assessment of the statement in Ezra 4:12b and offers a new translation. We focus on the word יַחִיטוּ. We propose to construe the form as originally *יְחִיטוּ, G-stem prefixing conjugation of חיט, »to inspect«. In order to substantiate our proposal we refer to a series of cognates in Aramaic and other Semitic languages. Two newly edited Aramaic documents from Elephantine are mentioned, as well as texts from Bactria, passages from the Gilgamesh Epic, and the story on the Tower of Babylon.

Two Indonesian Mothers’ Journey in Nurturing Children’s Bilingual Development: From Practices to Aspects of Reflection

<p>This study presents the reflections of two Indonesian mothers working as EFL teachers on their experiences of fostering their children's bilingual development. It employed a narrative inquiry approach, gathering the participants' stories through oral and multimodal narratives. The mothers shared their stories during a semi-structured interview and through photos and videos. The findings reveal that the participating mothers introduced English to their children early by engaging them in natural English interactions and activities such as story reading before bed, hands-on activities, role-playing, games, and daily communication. Despite many similarities in activities, the consistency and continuity of providing exposure to English and Indonesian languages are different. The first mother implemented One Parent One Language Strategy (OPOL) with her child, using English with mother and Indonesian with father. On its journey, she shifted the strategy to Minority Language at Home strategy (MLaH) due to her husband’s passing with her child communicated English at home and learned Indonesian from school, relatives, and communities. Meanwhile, the second mother used English and Indonesian (mixing language strategy) to communicate with her daughter, using English as the dominant language. When her daughter started mixing the structure of the languages and experienced language confusion, the second mother minimized English use at home and shifted to using Indonesian as the dominant language at home. The findings also indicate that in nurturing children’s bilingualism, the mothers’ choices of practices involved five aspects of reflection: their philosophy, belief, theory, practice, and sociocultural aspect beyond practice. This study highlights that the process of nurturing children’s bilingual development is not a linear process. It involves a more complex relation of various factors that influence parents’ decision in (dis)continuing certain language policies.</p>

Pemeroleh Tataran Fonologi Anak Usia 3 Tahun Serta Kerancuan Bahasa Yang Dialami: Kajian Psikolinguistik

This study aims to describe the acquisition of phonology in three-year-old children and the language confusion they experience. The method in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The data collection technique used was observing, involving, and taking notes. The object of this research is the acquisition of phonology in children aged 3 years where the data is in the form of words spoken by children, while the subjects in this study are children aged 3 years. The research instrument used was an observation guide. The results of this study are descriptions of phonological acquisition in three-year-old children and the language confusion they experience which is part of a psycholinguistic study. The results of this study can be used to find out how phonology is acquired in children and to anticipate language confusion that may arise.

CONSIDER: Commonalities and Specialties Driven Multilingual Code Retrieval Framework

Multilingual code retrieval aims to find code snippets relevant to a user's query from a multilingual codebase, which plays a crucial role in software development and expands their application scenarios compared to classical monolingual code retrieval. Despite the performance improvements achieved by previous studies, two crucial problems are overlooked in the multilingual scenario. First, certain programming languages face data scarcity in specific domains, resulting in limited representation capabilities within those domains. Second, different programming languages can be used interchangeably within the same domain, making it challenging for multilingual models to accurately identify the intended programming language of a user's query. To address these issues, we propose the CommONalities and SpecIalties Driven Multilingual CodE Retrieval Framework (CONSIDER), which includes two modules. The first module enhances the representation of various programming languages by modeling pairwise and global commonalities among them. The second module introduces a novel contrastive learning negative sampling algorithm that leverages language confusion to automatically extract specific language features. Through our experiments, we confirm the significant benefits of our model in real-world multilingual code retrieval scenarios in various aspects. Furthermore, an evaluation demonstrates the effectiveness of our proposed CONSIDER framework in monolingual scenarios as well. Our source code is available at https://github.com/smsquirrel/consider.

From a Babel Tower to a Common Ground. Trans-national and undisciplined dialogues about insurgent museologies and urban planning

In the search for practices that link education (in a Freirean sense) with a critical reflection upon the past aimed at empowering citizens in shaping their future deliberately, this paper aims to explore the common ground between the fields of museology and urban planning reflecting upon trans-national and undisciplined intersections. After recalling the debate about trans-disciplinarity and undiscipline as an evolutionary tendency of academic (and non-academic) discourses emerging in various contexts and fields of knowledge, authors explore the concept and practices of insurgencies. The paper presents such emerging trends aimed at making some forms of museology more open to communities and, simultaneously, some forms of community-based planning processes anchored to a rediscovery of the past as a means for reimaging the future. Authors argue that bridging insurgent forms of urban planning and museologies may contribute to opening new forms and trajectories of emancipation, grounded on a multifaceted awareness of the past and an ethos of socio-ecological justice for the now. Keywords: ecomuseums; community museums; community-based planning; landscape; territorial heritage; nouvelle muséologie

THE DYNAMIC INTERPLAY OF PHONOLOGY AND SEMANTICS IN MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY EXPLORATION

Phonology, semantics, and pragmatics are the three aspects of language fundamental to know how language works and how people process and use it. By examining the interaction between the memory hypothesis and linguistics in speech and semantic organization, this study seeks to better understand how individuals use language to express themselves. This study delves into finding out the association between phonology and semantics by developing a multi-faceted correspondence organization and applying ideas from computer network science and chart hypothesis. A correspondence framework of the International Phonetic Alphabet and semantic network examination in R was used to investigate the information once obtained through a web-based information gathering drive. As per the discoveries, the dynamic and ensnared association between phonology and semantics affects the correspondence that happens in the media. The aftereffects of this study offer new points of view on the idea of language and the job it plays in human communication. Understanding how semantics and phonics interact in different situations is essential for modern communication, this study is an effort to analyze the relation between words' meanings and sounds. By studying words usage in different mediums, we want to learn how these important elements affect platform interactions. Thus, the present study explains how semantics and phonology shape media and how this link can improve communication. The review suggests a multi-faceted framework that divides the linguistic framework into various layers with different hub relationships. This advanced four-layer contact network is designed to identify and analyze language confusion with precision and accuracy. It incorporates free associations, word associations, and three semantic layers to measure articulation, semantics, punctuation, and jargon. Using a comprehensive inside-and-out technique, this evaluation examines phonology and semantics through multi-faceted network analysis, allowing for effective assessment of language understanding and improvement.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0075/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

From the Fall of Babel Tower to the Global Rise of English

From the Fall of Babel Tower to the Global Rise of English

The Relational Revolution in Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy By Steven Kuchuck. Confer Books, 2021. 198 pp.

The Relational Revolution in Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy By Steven Kuchuck. Confer Books, 2021. 198 pp.Robin YoungRobin YoungRobin Young, PhD, is a senior member, training analyst, and instructor at the National Psychological Association for Psychoanalysis (NPAP); an assistant adjunct lecturer at New York University (NYU); and founder of an international Loewald reading group. Young has published research on the revised psychoanalytic theories of female development; studied the mother/infant dyad under Lousie Kaplan at NYU; made international and national psychoanalytic presentations; and undertaken private studies with Lew Aron and Jessica Benjamin. She is a member of the International Association for Relational Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, and has had a private practice of psychoanalysis and psychotherapy since 1980.Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:June 2023https://doi.org/10.1521/prev.2023.110.2.229PDFPDF PLUS ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations AboutReferencesAron L. (2006). Analytic impasse and the third: Clinical implications of intersubjectivity theory. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 87, 349–368. Crossref Medline, Google ScholarBalsam R. H. (2008). The essence of Hans Loewald. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 56, 1117–1128. Crossref Medline, Google ScholarBenjamin J. (2004). Beyond doer and done to: An intersubjective view of thirdness. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 73(1), 5–46. Crossref Medline, Google ScholarFerenczi S. (1949). Confusion of tongues between adults and the child. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 30, 225–230. Google ScholarFreud S. (1912). Recommendations to physicians practicing psycho-analysis. In Strachey J. (Ed. & Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 12, pp. 109–120). London: Hogarth Press, 1957–1974. Google ScholarKuhn T. (1949). The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Google ScholarLoewald H. (1951). Ego and reality. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 32, 10–18. Google ScholarMaroda K. J. (2005). Legitimate gratification of the analysts’ needs. Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 41, 371–388. Crossref, Google ScholarRenik O. (1999). Playing one's cards face up in analysis: An approach to the problem of self-disclosure. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 68(4), 521–539. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2167-4086.1999.tb00546.x Crossref Medline, Google Scholar Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 110Issue 2Jun 2023 Information© 2023 N.P.A.P.PDF download

Contra Bellum: Bell's Theorem as a Confusion of Languages

Bell's theorem is a conflict of mathematical predictions formulated within an infinite hierarchy of mathematical models. Inequalities formulated at level $k\in\mathbb{Z}$, are violated by probabilities at level $k+1$. We are inclined to think that $k=0$ corresponds to the the classical world, while the quantum one is $k=1$. However, as the $k=0$ inequalities are violated by $k=1$ probabilities, the same relation holds between $k=1$ inequalities violated by $k=2$ probabilities, $k=-1$ inequalities, violated by $k=0$ probabilities, and so forth. Accepting the logic of the Bell theorem, can we prove by induction that nothing exists?

AML classification in the year 2023: How to avoid a Babylonian confusion of languages

In parallel to the 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours (WHO 2022), an alternative International Consensus Classification (ICC) has been proposed. To evaluate the impact of the new classifications on AML diagnoses and ELN-based risk classification, we analyzed 717 MDS and 734 AML non-therapy-related patients diagnosed according to the revised 4th WHO edition (WHO 2017) by whole genome and transcriptome sequencing. In both new classifications, the purely morphologically defined AML entities decreased from 13% to 5%. Myelodysplasia-related (MR) AML increased from 22% to 28% (WHO 2022) and 26% (ICC). Other genetically-defined AML remained the largest group, and the abandoned AML-RUNX1 was mainly reclassified as AML-MR (WHO 2022: 77%; ICC: 96%). Different inclusion criteria of AML-CEBPA and AML-MR (i.a. exclusion of TP53 mutated cases according to ICC) were associated with differences in overall survival. In conclusion, both classifications focus on more genetics-based definitions with similar basic concepts and a large degree of agreement. The remaining non-comparability (e.g., TP53 mutated AML) needs additional studies to definitely answer open questions on disease categorization in an unbiased way.

Corporate purpose: from a ‘Tower of Babel’ phenomenon towards construct clarity

In recent years, interest in corporate purpose has gained momentum among both practitioners and academic researchers. Despite this, the construct of corporate purpose is still under-conceptualized and suffers from multiple – and partly divergent – understandings. Given that a field’s development is shaped by the clarity of its constructs, this paper strives to evolve the construct of corporate purpose from a ‘tower of babel’ phenomenon towards construct clarity. To this end, it reviews and synthesizes the literature on corporate purpose and proposes a definition that integrates different approaches. In addition, this paper underpins the definition with seven core characteristics of corporate purpose, delineates scope conditions and elaborates on the relationship of corporate purpose with related concepts including mission, vision, corporate social responsibility and sustainability. By enhancing construct clarity, the paper paves the avenue for further research on corporate purpose and the further development of the field.

ELSTM: An improved long short‐term memory network language model for sequence learning

AbstractThe gated structure of the long short‐term memory (LSTM) alleviates the defects of gradient disappearance and explosion in the recurrent neural network (RNN). It has received widespread attention in sequence learning such as text analysis. Although LSTM has good performance in handling remote dependencies, information loss often occurs in long‐distance transmission. We propose a new model called ELSTM based on the computational complexity and gradient dispersion in the traditional LSTM model. This model simplifies the input gate of LSTM, reduces some time complexity by reducing some components, and improves the output gate. By introducing the exponential linear unit activation layer, the problem of gradient dispersion is alleviated. Comparing the new model with multiple existing models, when predicting language sequences, the time used by the model has been greatly reduced, and the language confusion has been reduced, showing good performance.

Criticism, practice, pedagogy: creative convergence through A.S. Byatt’s Babel Tower

This article examines how literary criticism and the teaching of creative writing can be brought together. Specifically, it analyses an aspect of intradiegetic literary creation in A.S. Byatt’s Babel Tower, the third novel of the Frederica Quartet, in which Frederic Potter, a teacher of English literature and would-be novelist, is afflicted by writer’s block. Frederica works through this problem by returning to a project begun in The Virgin in the Garden, the first novel of the tetralogy, entitled Laminations. The idea of this intradiegetic text is to write in a series of apparently separate layers, hence the title, and then to allow these layers to come together to create new meaning. In Babel Tower, she experiments with cut-up texts, in the style of William Burroughs.This article outlines a creative writing teaching technique intended to trigger ideas which build on Frederica’s cut-ups, transposing her attempt to find new signifiers, and thus express new ideas, to the realm of the altered book (also known as black-out or erasure). It suggests a technique for distilling Byatt’s long and complex commentary on creativity – a life’s work – into a creative writing teaching method which could be used with students in French universities.

AML and MDS Classification According to Who 2022 and International Consensus Classification: Do We Invent a Babylonian Confusion of Languages?

AML and MDS Classification According to Who 2022 and International Consensus Classification: Do We Invent a Babylonian Confusion of Languages?

Apologetics and Antiquity: Book of Mormon Reception, 1830–1844

Apologetics and Antiquity: Book of Mormon Reception, 1830–1844

The Mexican social unconscious: ‘Confusion of tongues’ in tripartite matrices of colonized countries. Response to ‘The Mexican social unconscious—Part I: The roots of a nation’ and ‘Part II: Politics and group analysis’ by Reyna Hernández de Tubert

This response is based on Reyna Hernández de Tubert two articles: The Mexican social unconscious—Part I: The roots of a nation’ and ‘Part II: Politics and group analysis’ (Hernández de Tubert, 2021). It discusses the role of the myth of mestization and the myth of conquest in the Mexican social unconscious in Mexican tripartite matrices. It also draws attention to Ferenczi’s trauma theory—confusion of tongues—exploring the psychoanalytic and group analytic ideas on the ‘identification with the aggressor’ in association with the concepts of introjection and incorporation.

A confusion of tongues: Trauma, fantasy, and dissociation in Lacanian theory and the imperative for social change

Discussions of treatment and recovery from child sexual abuse often focus on the therapeutic aspects of speech and witness. Using concepts from Lacanian theory and from Sandor Ferenczi’s account of child sexual trauma, this article argues that speech and witness are not, in themselves, sufficient to facilitate recovery. While misogyny and violence are embedded within the available symbolic contexts within which survivors must attempt to recover, social and political change is needed to enable recovery for survivors of sexual abuse. Implications for recovery from other socially sanctioned traumas, such as racial trauma, are explored.

Imitating Quantum Probabilities: Beyond Bell’s Theorem and Tsirelson Bounds

Local hidden-variable model of singlet-state correlations discussed in Czachor (Acta Phys Polon A 139:70, 2021a) is shown to be a particular case of an infinite hierarchy of local hidden-variable models based on an infinite hierarchy of calculi. Violation of Bell-type inequalities can be interpreted as a ‘confusion of languages’ problem, a result of mixing different but neighboring levels of the hierarchy. Mixing of non-neighboring levels results in violations beyond the Tsirelson bounds.

A new approach in linguistics

This article describes a new approach in modern Kazakh linguistics. The new approach is called ‘the mytholinguistic interpretation of the symbol point inside the circle (the point in the center of the circle)’. Using this approach, the authors try to answer the religious and philosophical question “where does the word begin?”. To find an answer to this difficult question, the article widely uses the results of research on speech ontogenesis, metaphysics, psychoanalysis, and materials from the Automated Similarity Judgment Program (ASJP) database, Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database, S. Starostin’s etymological database (LWED) “Babel Tower” and dictionaries of Turkic languages (“An Etymological Dictionaries of Turkic Languages”, M. Kashgari’s Dictionary, “An Ancient Turkic Dictionary”). The information and conclusions presented in the study are of great interest not only to domestic scientists, but also to foreign researchers.

Other Lullabies: Attacks on Blackness, Confusion of Tongues, and the Loss of Play

ABSTRACT Through a close reading of an anonymous lullaby from Latin America, the paper argues how colonial legacies and systemic racism, in the context of the structure of whiteness and the Covid pandemic, have had a nefarious impact on the material, symbolic, and psychic life of poor and working-class children and adolescents of color. The paper places a focus on Black kids. Left outside the symbolic, material, and legal order, these individuals suffer systemic attacks against their body and mind. This fact, in tandem with the devastating realities of the pandemic, have produced what the author calls an experience of “the end of the world.” Three main consequences of all these configurations are discussed: (1) failed identifications with whiteness; (2) loss of play; and (3) “confusion of tongues.” The need for new social lullabies, ones that invigorate our social capacity to dream the (colonial) state of affairs as being otherwise and that create communal solidarity, is proposed.