Tourism Value Research Articles

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ТУРИСТИЧНОГО ПРОДУКТУ

The organizational and economic basis for the formation of a tourist product is a set of principles, methods, mechanisms, tools and resources that are used to create, supply, sell and consume tourist services and goods that meet the needs and demand of tourists. The organizational and economic foundations of the formation of a tourist product are based on the analysis and assessment of tourist value, potential, attractiveness, competitiveness, tourist quality, efficiency and tourist sustainability of a country, region, object or enterprise. Organizational and economic principles of forming a tourist product provide for the development and definition of the concept, goals, strategy, policy, standards, norms, rules and criteria of a tourist product; research and selection of markets, segments, target groups, niches, positioning and branding of a tourist product; design and development of the structure, composition, content, form, volume, characteristics, properties, functions, advantages, features and innovations of a tourist product; evaluation and determination of the value, price, costs, income, profit, profitability, risks, opportunities, prospects, barriers, restrictions and resources of a tourist product; production, purchase, supply, storage, transportation, distribution, sale, advertising, promotion, Service, Support, Warranty, after-sales service of a tourist product; control, monitoring, audit, evaluation, regulation, adjustment, improvement, modernization, innovation, development, liquidation of a tourist product. These aspects require separate study, taking into account the diverse experience of countries, their historical and economic conditions. A tourist product is a complex product that includes various elements that are necessary to meet the needs of tourists during travel. The tourist product as a complex system includes tangible and intangible elements. The formation of a tourist product is a complex and Multi-Factor process that depends on such factors as the needs of tourists, the competitive environment, legislative regulation, and so on. For the successful formation of a tourist product, it is necessary to adhere to such principles as customer orientation, competitiveness, stability and efficiency. Tour operators need to constantly analyze the market and adapt their product to changes in consumer needs. They should carefully consider the structure of the tourist product so that it meets the needs and desires of tourists.

Turizam u funkciji održivog ruralnog razvoja na prostoru Novog Pazara

In insufficiently developed areas of Serbia, natural and anthropogenic tourist values are of great importance for sustainable rural development. In this study, a survey was conducted using the method of selecting respondents, where the analysis of economic, social, cultural, and environmental aspects took into consideration the current situation, with the goal of clearly defining all the strengths and weaknesses of rural settlements in Novi Pazar. The average values of related issues were used to calculate the value of the indicators, while the Sustainable Rural Development Index (SRDI) was determined by the average values of all indicators. The final outcome of the SRDI is 0.94, indicating that the area holds the potential to develop sustainable tourism. The results of the research can be used to plan the possibilities for further development of rural settlements in the researched area in order to minimize weaknesses and threats and maximize strengths and opportunities with the help of tourism based on sustainable development.

Exploring the Cultural Tourism Value of Folk Culture in the Annals of Wangcang County and Its Applications

Exploring the Cultural Tourism Value of Folk Culture in the Annals of Wangcang County and Its Applications

Tourism value creation through big data as a smart tourism tool

Tourism value creation through big data as a smart tourism tool

Study on the Path of Rural Tourism for Rural Revitalization under the Threshold of Value Co-Creation

Abstract Rural tourism presents multifaceted development and community participation as the core of rural tourism development also serves as a solid force for rural revitalization. Under the concept of value co-creation, community residents are involved in the entire process of rural tourism development, and their role is more significant. Studying the participation of community residents in rural tourism development is of great significance. In this paper, we construct a dynamic model of the rural tourism value chain using value co-creation and elaborate on the co-creation processes involved in the entire value creation process. Combined with the sample data to analyze the overall situation of rural tourism development, we collect data on the willingness of community residents to participate and construct a regression model of the factors influencing the willingness of community residents to participate in rural tourism. With the conclusion of the influencing factors analysis, we further analyze the motivation and behavior of community residents’ participation in the development of rural tourism and propose relevant strategies to optimize the path of rural revitalization with respect to the overall level of community participation. The correlation analysis of the influencing factors shows that the correlation coefficients of residents’ ability to participate, residents’ motivation to participate, residents’ attitude to participate, and the degree of community participation in rural tourism are 0.686, 0.785, and 0.706, respectively, all indicating positive correlation. Community residents’ participation in conservation behavior and responsibility and obligation motivation have a significant positive correlation. The correlation coefficient is 0.623, and the significance is 0.000, which indicates that community residents’ participation occupies an important position in the whole rural tourism development community, and the innovative community participation mechanism can significantly accelerate the development of rural revitalization.

Perceived differences in coastal tourism image under tourist experience-IPA analysis based on UGC data of 12 coastal cities.

The destination image perceived by tourists is crucial to coastal tourism market positioning and marketing. This paper utilizes tourists' Internet-generated content from 2017-2021, adopts the jieba text analysis method to identify the cognitive, emotional, and overall image of coastal tourism, divides the constituent elements of the destination image into four main classes and 20 subclasses through the text clustering method, and explores the tourists' perception of the image of coastal tourism with the help of the IPA model. The study found that: 1) The commonality of the cognitive image of "ocean" in 12 coastal cities is outstanding, but the internal characteristics are obvious, tourists pay more attention to coastal tourism in Bohai Rim and southern coastal areas, and Shanghai, Ningbo and Hangzhou show strong correlation; 2) Tourists' emotional image of coastal tourism destinations is dominated by positive attitudes, with a high overlap of adjectives representing positive emotions, but with heat differences in different cities; 3) The overall image of coastal tourism can be divided into three circles, including "traditional core-characteristic structure-peripheral perception", and there are obvious differences in the characteristics of the social semantic network of each city; 4) Tourists are more satisfied with the components of coastal tourism image, but pay more attention to the construction of optimized coastal tourism environment. Based on this, in the process of coastal tourism development, it is necessary to focus on creating distinctive and diversified tourism values, focusing on tourists' experience needs, improving the construction of quality tourism facilities and services, and promoting the high-quality development of coastal tourism.

Seeking wellness in rural tourism value chain: Evidence from Slovenian farm stay

Exploring the connection between agrotourism, rural tourism value chain, and wellness tourism is essential, as the term agrowellness has not yet been well-established in professional and scientific literature. This study aimed to assess the current state of agrowellness offers in farm stays in Slovenia's Eastern Cohesion Region, a less developed tourist area compared to other leading destinations in the country. The study focused on determining if there is a connection between the development of agrowellness offers and the specialized label of a tourist farm that provides a healthy living experience. Additionally, the survey aimed to identify any statistically significant differences in the development of agrowellness offers based on selected general characteristics of the farmland, such as the location of the tourist accommodation farm, farm size, farm self-sufficiency, and the age of the operator of complementary activities. A quantitative structured observation method was used to assess the state of development of agrowellness offers on farm stay in Slovenia, specifically in the Eastern Cohesion Region. Five main themes emerged from the study, along with some fundamental characteristics of the tourist accommodation farm. These themes include sports and recreational activities, healthy diet, mental wellness, healthy lifestyle activities, and wellness services, as well as other rural tourism offerings. The over-all assessment of the wellness offer showed that the sampled farm stay underperformed compared to the average, but still had potential for further development. The healthy diet and sports and recreational activities segments received the highest ratings. Statistically significant differences were observed in the mental wellness segment, where farm stays with more than 34 hectares of land had more advanced mental wellness offers. Additionally, farm stays with operators of the complementary activity aged 50 or older had a more developed wellness offer in the sports and recreational activities segment.

Citarum Watershed Restoration through Community Involvement and Tourism Village Development

The Citarum watershed is a source of livelihood for communities in 13 cities and regencies in West Java and Jakarta. However, the Citarum River is considered one of the most polluted rivers in the world, prompting the central and local governments to implement conservation programs. For Tarumajaya Village, the conservation of the Citarum watershed starts from the Situ Cisanti area accompanied by the development of a tourism village to support the Citarum Harum Program. However, the existing participation is only seen from the government side, and there is no significant community participation in terms of communication and others directly in the process of developing this tourism village. Thus, this study aims to identify community involvement in the development of tourism villages to support the restoration of the Citarum watershed in the Upper Citarum Region. This qualitative study was conducted in Tarumajaya Village, Kertasari Sub-district, Bandung Regency. Primary data were obtained through non-participant observation and in-depth interviews, while secondary data were obtained from policy documents. Data analysis included data reduction, presentation, verification, and conclusion drawing. The research findings show that the development of creative tourism villages in Tarumajaya Village is carried out to support environmental preservation and has economic value for the welfare of the community, thus supporting public health. Tarumajaya Village community innovation products have economic value in tourism and show community involvement in supporting sustainable tourism development which is expected to improve public health.

Analysis of the Cultural Landscape Elements in the Municipality of Bistrița and Their Potential for Tourism Valorization

Analysis of the Cultural Landscape Elements in the Municipality of Bistrița and Their Potential for Tourism Valorization. The study of the cultural landscape elements in the urban area of Bistrița determines clear tourist values that refer to the attractiveness of both natural elements and that of cultural ones. This study highlights the specific natural environment, the churches and other buildings that have a characteristic function, belonging to different historical periods, starting from the Middle Ages. All of these benefit from an appropriate infrastructure that favors tourist access and capitalization, currently to a modest extent, but which as a whole can constitute the basis of a new integrated development strategy of the city. Thus, the study reveals both the analysis of the elements with real tourist values, as well as the main objectives to be achieved for the subsequent development of the area. Keywords: Bistrița Municipality, cultural landscape elements, tourism potential, tourism valorization

PERCEPTION OF POLAND'S TOURISM BRAND IN THE OPINION OF STUDENTS IN SELECTED COUNTRIES

The aim of the undertaken research is to determine the knowledge of future specialists in tourism geography, tourist values and the tourist brand of Poland. A research hypothesis was also established according to which, the influence of Europeanization in the Russian-Soviet version, may influence greater knowledge about Poland. The work uses the classic method of survey research in the social sciences with the use of a standardized questionnaire. The study involved students of tourism and geography from universities in Astana (35), Bishkek (32) and Karabük (43). The results of the research allow us to define the awareness of Poland as a tourist brand as moderately good in Astana, weaker in Bishkek, and poor in Karabük. The largest number of correct answers concerned the capital of Poland and well-known Poles (Copernicus, John Paul II, Chopin), and among athletes, footballers (Lewandowski) and ski jumpers (Stoch, Małysz). The fewest correct answers concerned Poland's tourist attractions. In the perception of the students participating in the study, Poland is one of the countries of Central Europe that are attractive in terms of tourism. It can also be concluded that the influence of the heritage of Russian Europeanization on students' knowledge of Europe is still visible.

The spatial structure of domestic tourist trips of Polish residents in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic

In Poland in 2020, the number of domestic tourist trips decreased by over one fi ft h (more for short-term than long-term trips), which was probably related to the Covid-19 pandemic. This large decline in the number of domestic tourist trips was not associated with significant changes in their spatial structure. The recovery in domestic tourist trips in 2022 also did not affect their spatial structure, which continues to be mainly determined by the distribution of tourist attractions in the country. The analysis at the voivodeship level showed no preference were observed during the Covid-19 pandemic for domestic trips to voivodeships with a lower level of urbanization (i.e. voivodeships with a greater share of rural areas, less frequently visited so far - generally with lower tourist values). The spatial structure of the recovery in domestic tourism turned out to be sensitive to the level of Covid-19 deaths, which slowed it down. In 2022, the recovery in domestic tourist traffi c was somewhat influenced by the war in neighboring Ukraine, which had a significant slowing effect in the eastern voivodeships of Poland.

Assessment of geosites as a basis for geotourism development: A case study of the Toplica District, Serbia

AbstractToplica district represents an area in Southern Serbia with significant forms of geoheritage that have not been valorized yet. The aim of this pioneering study is to systematically analyze and evaluate all manifestations of the geodiversity in the Toplica district. Based on the geological importance, degree of attractiveness, and size, a total of six geosites were selected. The main goal of the study is to emphasize the insufficient utilization of huge geotourism potentials of the Toplica district and to determine the current geotourism development and geotourism potential of evaluated geosites. The geotourism suitability of each geosite is defined through comparative analysis. The Geosite Assessment Model (GAM) is used to assess the current state of the various elements of geodiversity in the study area. Positioning within the GAM matrix is defined by the values of the investigated parameters. Visualization of the distribution of the GAM indicators is an innovative approach for the interpretation of the obtained results. As a projection of the geotourism potential, the study presents the results of the traffic accessibility of geosites using the Geographic Information System (GIS)-based isochronous method. GIS and Digital Terrain Models are used in the visualization of the research area. The results of GAM apostrophize the current tourist value of Devil’s City, while the isochron analysis of GIS highlights the great geotourism potential of publicly little-known and touristically unaffirmed geosites. The results represent a basis that can support the affirmation of geotourism, the improvement of existing, and the development of new geotourism strategies in the Toplica district.

Value co-creation research in tourism and hospitality management: A systematic literature review

The sustainable growth of the tourism industry is attributed to the involvement of tourists in the process of value co-creation. This research aims to systematically review the existing literature on value co-creation practices in tourism and conduct a comprehensive analysis of this research area. The paper synthesizes past studies on value co-creation in tourism, encompassing theories, context, methods, and characteristics, to analyze the progress made in value co-creation research over the past two decades. Furthermore, this study investigates the role of value co-creation as an antecedent, mediator, and control variable, as well as its outcomes in the context of tourism management. The findings of the study propose an integrated framework for tourism value co-creation. Additionally, the study identifies key themes present in the current literature on value co-creation and highlights overlooked areas, suggesting new research directions to advance this field. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are also discussed.

Nilai Ekonomi Objek Taman Wisata Sungai Mudal Menggunakan Metode Individual Travel Cost Method

The Sungai Mudal Tourism Park is situated in Banyunganti Hamlet, Jatimulyo Village, Girimulyo District, Kulon Progo Regency. This destination showcases ecotourism, emphasizing the natural beauty of the Menoreh mountains and water-based activities as its primary attractions. This study aims to analyze tourist characteristics and determine the potential economic value of Mudal River's natural allure. The potential economic value is calculated via consumer surplus using the Individual Travel Cost Method (ITCM). Tourist characteristics, including age, gender, occupation, income, and distance, are analyzed based on primary data gathered through interviews, observations, and questionnaires, supplemented by secondary data from literature. The findings reveal that Mudal River Tourism Park mostly attracts male visitors (50,9%), drawn to its adventurous offerings. The majority are students aged 15-25 with income levels mostly below Rp1.000.000. Most visitors reside within a distance of 0-50 km, primarily originating from Yogyakarta City. The calculated economic potential value of Sungai Mudal Tourism Park reaches IDR Rp 23.257.628.649,27 per year, averaging IDR 346.634,25 per individual annually in consumer surplus. However, the actual economic value recorded in 2022 stands at IDR 7.052.230.000 which represents 30% of the total potential economic value. This indicates that tourists visiting Sungai Mudal Tourism Park obtain environmental service benefits surpassing the incurred costs. Yet, this potential economic value is non-monetary. Effective management strategies for Sungai Mudal Tourism Park are necessary to enhance the actual economic value of tourism.

Diversification of small-scale fishing activities in exploring entrepreneurial opportunities along the tourism value chain in South Africa

Diversification of small-scale fishing activities in exploring entrepreneurial opportunities along the tourism value chain in South Africa

Development of inbound extreme tourism from Southeast Asian countries in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Forms of tourism associated with risk and danger are now dynamically developing cultural industries all over the world. The article is devoted to the development of tourism in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), first of all, to the problems of attracting foreign fans of extreme and adventure tourism, mainly from Southeast Asian countries. As drivers of the tourist flow, it is proposed to pay attention to tourists from the People's Republic of China. In order to implement a competent marketing policy to attract Chinese tourists, it is proposed to take into account the peculiarities of traditional and modern spiritual culture of China in the aspect of tourist motivation. To attract tourists from China, it is considered necessary to develop and offer short-term winter tours with extreme elements in central Yakutia. To study the tourist value and semantic orientations of tourists from Southeast Asia, using the example of Chinese citizens, the works of Chinese researchers in English were used. The author believes that in order to offer a competitive product in the market of extreme tourism, it is necessary to take into account the influence of cultural values and traditions on motivational attitudes, basic requirements and expectations from extreme tours, depending on region or country. Due to the change in the foreign policy situation in the 20s of the XXI century, as well as the increased flow of Chinese tourists on the international market, the policy of attracting tourists from Southeast Asia is becoming the main and decisive for the development of international tourism in the republic. For the development of mass tourism with extreme elements, it is proposed to use the tourist resources of central Yakutia, where winter, short-term tours can be offered that can meet the needs of foreign, primarily Chinese tourists.

Guidelines for the Formation of the Value Proposition of Inbound Medical Tourism: The Case of Lithuania

Abstract In order to attract more medical tourists to Lithuania and to provide them with more value, it is necessary to update the current medical tourism value proposition presented in 2012. Thus, the aim of the study is to identify potential elements of the value of inbound medical tourism and to provide guidelines for the development of the value proposition for medical tourism in Lithuania. The research presents the results of secondary data analysis, the results of content analysis of thes medical tourist’s feedback, and the results of semi-structured interviews with medical tourism experts. Based on the results, the article provides insights what changes could be meaningful in renewing the value proposition of inbound medical tourism in Lithuania, highlighting the importance of renewing the priority of target audience.

Assessing the Touristic Activities of Wetlands through the Travel Cost Method: A Case Study

Wetlands have a fundamental role in the maintenance and development of the global ecosystem and human health. Assessing the value of Ecosystem Services (ES) that wetlands provide is strictly related to environmental, economic, and social sustainability. This paper considers the Oristanese Reclamation District located in the Italian region of Sardinia, where the highest amount of water resources is used for irrigation. Moreover, the study area is characterized by the presence of numerous ponds and wetlands that are deeply interconnected with local agriculture, attracting a substantial number of tourists. This paper aims to evaluate the touristic value in the area by applying the travel cost method, a non-market evaluation method used to derive consumers’ preferences. Through secondary data, we obtained a total estimate of economic benefits from the recreational uses of the site of approximately €1.25 Mln/year. The results provide support to decision-makers for improving management options while ensuring a tradeoff between the economic benefits derived from tourist activities and the conservation of the wetland area.

An Attempt to Estimate the Social Value Resulting from Making Cultural Heritage Available in the Form of a Tourist Product

Cultural heritage tourism is a multidimensional tourist activity because, apart from the advantages associated with practicing tourist activity, it is particularly associated with cognitive motives when it comes to practicing it, and even with discovering cultural identity. Such an activity has a specific value in relation to the adopted perspective. Researchers often attempt to determine the value that a tourism-related product has for the customer (tourist). Sometimes, it is defined as the value captured by the entity providing the tourism product. However, it is extremely rare for research to assess the social value of tourism. The aim of this work is to identify issues that can be used in measuring the social value resulting from cultural heritage made available in the form of a tourist product. The authors review the literature on cultural heritage and cultural identity, and then use a particular methodology to develop a tool for assessing social value. To develop their own research tool, the authors use the results of research conducted in 2021/2022 among managers of 70 cultural heritage tourism facilities in Europe. As a result, a tool was created that includes six statements that can contribute to the assessment of the social value resulting from the provision of material cultural heritage in the form of a tourist product. The reliability of the tool was estimated at 0.69 and its standardized rating at 0.71. The social value of cultural heritage, in the opinion of experts, achieved an average rating of 4.06 (on a scale from 1 to 5), with the 6-item version of the tool attaining an average rating of 4.10. Taking into account the usefulness of the proposed solutions, remember that the paper reflects only the European vision, which is one of many possible views.

Land Cover and Landscape Structural Changes Using Extreme Gradient Boosting Random Forest and Fragmentation Analysis

Land use and land cover change constitute a significant driver of land degradation worldwide, and machine-learning algorithms are providing new opportunities for effectively classifying land use and land cover changes over time. The aims of this study are threefold: Firstly, we aim to compare the accuracies of the parametric classifier Naïve Bayes with the non-parametric classifier Extreme Gradient Boosting Random Forest algorithm on the 2020 LULC dataset. Secondly, we quantify land use and land cover changes in the Cradle of Humankind from 1990 to 2020 using the Extreme Gradient Boosting Random Forest algorithm and post-classification change detection. Thirdly, the study uses landscape metrics to examine landscape structural changes occurring in the same area due to fragmentation. The classification results show that while Naïve Bayers and XGB Random Forest produce classification results of high accuracy, the XGB Random Forest Classifier produced superior results compared to the Naïve Bayers Classifier. From 1990 to 2020, bare ground/rock outcrop significantly increased by 39%, and open bush by 32%. Indigenous forests and natural grasslands lost area (26% and 12%, respectively). The results from this study indicate increasing land cover fragmentation and attest to land degradation, as shown by increases in bare ground and a reduction in indigenous forest and natural grassland. The decline in indigenous forests and natural grassland indicates the degradation of native vegetation, considered as prehistoric plant food sources. The high classification results also attest to the efficacy of the XGBRFClassifier executed in GEE. Land degradation evident in the nature reserve has long-term ecological consequences, such as loss of habitat, biodiversity decline, soil erosion, and alteration of local ecosystems, which together diminish the aesthetic value of the heritage site and negatively impact its tourism value. Consequently, it destroys crucial local economies and threatens sustainable tourism.