Tourism Council Research Articles

A Framework for Sustainable Tourism Development in and around National Parks

The proliferation of tourism to U.S. national parks yields increasing demands for service and conservation programs that are well-matched with the broadening view of sustainability management in and around PPAs. As such, there is a critical need for research regarding holistic perspectives on planning and monitoring sustainable development. The Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC) is a non-profit, independent organization that develops and manages global baseline standards for sustainable travel and tourism, known as the GSTC Criteria. The GSTC Destination Criteria have not been widely applied to PPAs, yet these criteria may offer a useful guiding framework for sustainable tourism development in PPAs. Therefore, this study explores the utility of the GSTC Destination Criteria as a tool for assisting managers at Theodore Roosevelt National Park (TRNP) in developing a destination-level sustainability plan. In August 2018, we conducted a sustainability evaluation using the GSTC Destination Criteria. Specific areas of success and improvement were identified, and park managers are using this information to improve the park’s strategic plan. The results of this evaluation are reviewed and critiqued within our broader assessment of the utility of the GSTC Destination Criteria in national park planning.

РОЗВИТОК ІНДУСТРІЇ ГОСТИННОСТІ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ: ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ЗАХОДИ ПОСИЛЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНТНИХ ПЕРЕВАГ

Анотація. Присвячено дослідженню тенденцій розвитку індустрії гостинності в регіонах України. Розглянуто зміст та значення індустрії гостинності в соціально-економічному розвитку регіонів. Визначено зміст досліджуваних дефініцій, узагальнено та сформульовано підходи до визначення співвідношень понять «індустрія гостинності» й «індустрія туризму». Визначено основні показники, що характеризують споживання послуг індустрії гостинності. Доведено що основними такими показниками є внесок індустрії туризму у ВВП, обсяги туристичного збору. Визначено, що стан і розвиток індустрії гостинності характеризують також обсяги капітальних інвестицій за видами економічної діяльності у сфері тимчасового розміщення та організації харчування. Проведено аналіз зазначених показників у динаміці та в регіональному розрізі. Охарактеризовано тенденції розвитку індустрії гостинності в сучасних умовах. Виявлено суттєві регіональні диференціації щодо сплати туристичного збору в Україні, а також зниження майже всіх показників розвитку індустрії гостинності. Проаналізовано дані Всесвітньої ради з подорожей і туризму щодо стану індустрії гостинності в Україні. Виявлено скорочення загального внеску подорожей і туризму в зайнятість України 2020 року до 6,3 %. Визначено напрями і заходи посилення конкурентних переваг індустрії гостинності в регіонах України. Визначено умови діяльності суб’єктів господарювання індустрії гостинності, до яких віднесено гнучкість і здатність швидко адаптуватися до сучасних умов ринку, упровадження заходів безпеки та гігієни, оптимізації форм підприємницької діяльності, розвиток цифрових технологій, посилення ролі здорового харчування, розширення асортименту продукції та послуг туристичних регіонів, швидкий розвиток послуг доставки, орієнтація на екологічну діяльність, посилення вимоги до кваліфікації персоналу тощо. Доведено, що перспективними напрямами підвищення конкурентних переваг індустрії гостинності в сучасних умовах є підвищення рівня фінансування галузі, активізація зусиль органів місцевого самоврядування щодо цільового використання коштів від туристичного збору на місцях, а також застосування інструментів стратегування та програмування розвитку індустрії гостинності регіонів, об’єднання стейкхолдерів індустрії в кластери, альянси тощо. Ключові слова: конкурентні переваги, індустрія гостинності, регіональний розвиток, туристичний збір. Формул: 0; рис.: 3; табл.: 1; бібл.: 14.

Impact of Tourism on Indian Economy with Special Reference to Jammu and Kashmir

In order for any country's economy to thrive and expand, tourism must be promoted and developed. As reported by the World Travel and Tourism Council, India's tourism industry generated roughly 16.91 lakh crore in revenue in 2018, accounting for over 9.2 percent of the country's total GDP. Furthermore, it employed around 42.673 million people. With annual growth rates of 6.9 percent estimated to reach 32.05 lakh crore by 2028, this industry is quickly increasing over the globe and accounts for almost 9 percent of global GDP. Sustainable tourism is more ecologically beneficial since it provides people with employment and financial compensation while causing no damage to the environment. Tourism is recognised by the government as a sector with substantial potential for economic development and employment generation among the general population. People all across the world see tourism as a sector with enormous potential for economic growth and employment generation, and the government acknowledges this as well. World tourism groups, such as the World Tourist Organization, have established that India has a substantial tourism development potential, especially for developing nations. Several nations, including India and China, are anticipated to have established themselves as global tourist heavyweights by 2020, according to forecasts. As a result of tourism's severe environmental consequences, despite the industry's rapid rise in recent years and promising growth prospects, there is growing worry over the industry's long-term sustainability as a development paradigm. Tourism has negative consequences on the environment, since it reduces the carrying capacity of the ocean's ecosystem. Tourism has detrimental consequences on the environment, impacting the carrying capacity of the region, the flora, the air quality, bodies of water, the water table, wildlife, and the natural environment. Tourism has a negative impact on the environment. The concept of ecotourism is gaining popularity since it has the potential to be helpful in the long term to the growth of the tourist industry. In addition to providing employment and cash to local communities, ecotourism has the potential to generate much-needed foreign currency for national governments, all while protecting the long-term viability of natural resources. The primary objectives of this study are to evaluate the challenges and possibilities of Indian ecotourism, as well as the influence of ecotourism on the Indian economy, with particular emphasis on the tourist industry in Jammu and Kashmir.

Smeštajni kapaciteti vojnih turističkih ustanova i njihova iskorišćenost u funkciji razvoja turizma u Srbiji

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed the habits and needs of the world's population, global economy and all countries' economies. Tourism as a service sector of the economy suffered the most significant consequences at the beginning of the pandemic. According to data from the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), the tourism sector's contribution to the global economy could reach 8.6 trillion dollars this year, which is only 6.4% less than before the pandemic. Therefore, today's tourist management must be creative, determined and dedicated much more than before. The subject of this research is the accommodation capacities of military tourist institutions and their utilisation in tourism development in the Republic of Serbia. The work aims to examine the utilisation of accommodation capacities of all military tourist institutions, especially during the pandemic, to increase the tourism potential of the Republic of Serbia and, ultimately, the overall development of our country. The research results indicate that a significant number of unused military tourist accommodation capacities could participate in developing Serbia's tourism, but with prior investment in increasing their quality. Another conclusion is that experiences from the pandemic period should be used for further development.

Generic and specific tourism resources in the countryside of Guelmim-Kingdom of Morocco

Aim: Despite the different definitions of the resource, all the disciplines of the social sciences emphasize the aspect of wealth generated by the resource as material or immaterial goods intrinsically linked to the territory’s peculiarities. The particularity of certain tourism resources means that even within the commune, on a very small scale, the determination of the generic and specific resources is only the result of the geo-system-resource analysis. The resource can be valued from the study of the transformation of the generic resource to the specific one. This article highlights the particularity of tourism resources in the countryside of the province of Guelmim (south of Morocco). We seek to justify the importance of this transformation based on the actor who has a say in this essential passage for the promotion of the tourism resource.Methodology: For the geographical determination of our study area, the province of Guelmim in the south of the Kingdom of Morocco is made up of 20 communes: 18 rural and 2 urban communes. Our research field is limited to 4 rural communes, which are Assrir, Fask, Abaynou, Amtedi. The qualitative analysis of the comments collected from the actors surveyed traces the diversity of resources in their raw state despite their particularities. The qualitative approach engaged institutional actors such as delegations of tourism and culture, local authorities, Regional Tourism Council and tourism professionals.Findings: From this observation, the role of the operator, in the local dimension of the links between the resource and the territory, is seen as a prism from the definition of which the specificity of the resource is conceived in its historical and cultural representatives.Implications/Novel Contribution: This article highlights the particularity of tourism resources in the countryside of the province of Guelmim (south of Morocco).

COVID-19: Nosedive for Indian tourism

One of the kinds of humanitarian disasters, the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), has infected people and companies worldwide, causing a global economic crisis. The tourism sector is not being left behind in this aspect. The current paper aims to investigate the tourism industry that was badly affected by the outbreak of the Coronavirus. The lockdown has broken the back of the national tourism industry. This has created an employment crisis for 38 million industry-related individuals. Crores of people are directly or indirectly related to the tourism industry in India. Many airlines and travel companies had sent more than 35 percent of their workers on leave without pay well before the lockdown. According to the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), the job rate in the tourism sector of five crore people may be lost. In 2020, about 25 percent of bookings related to tourism were canceled. The tourism industry is struggling a lot in such a situation. It will take about 10 to 12 months to recover from the harm that will result from the tourism industry according to the WTTC report. Since terror has seethed in the minds of people and they're going to stop going abroad. In every state of India, including Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Agra, and West Bengal, tourism has been affected.

The effect of position in the field in the development of public policies: bourdieusian analysis of the Municipal Tourism Council of Juiz de Fora (2011-2020)

This work makes efforts for a theoretical-empirical analysis of public policies of tourism from the sociological theory of the social fields of Pierre Bourdieu. We start from the assumption that agents with a greater volume of capital would be able to interfere, more incisively, in the tourist field, particularly in their public policies, influencing more forcefully what can/should be and ends up being done, in a given context. Empirically, we took as study object the Municipal Council of Tourism of Juiz de Fora (COMTUR), heuristically as an approximation of the tourist field in general, and specifically the process of elaboration of public policies derived from it, in particular in terms of its results (decisions, actions and projects carried out), as a reasonably objective indicator of the operation of this field. A multi-methods approach was used, using different procedures (a) systematic and unsystematic observation of meetings, (b) description and recording of data in a diary note, (c) semi-structured interviews with key actors, (d) analysis of secondary data (minutes of COMTUR meetings from 2011 to 2020, as well as other data and historical records). The study is based on the composition of a cumulative database of observations, which has been constituted over the last decade, being specifically composed in the most part, regarding the study of COMTUR, by two studies, one conducted between 2015 and 2016, which recovered data from 2011 to 2015, and the other, conducted between 2019 and 2020, that compiled data from 2016 to 2020. We seek to identify the relationships between the different agents in the interactive dynamics of this social space, in terms of ideas, discourses and actions, as well as the positions of the agents, particularly the dominant ones, which stand out in relation to the others. We particularly highlight the relationships between proposed-proposals, approved-executed proposals, as well as between both and the volume of capital of the agents, especially the dominant ones, and finally the specific circumstances of each action (proposed and approved). The evidence points towards a direct relationship between the said volume of capital, the degree of participation in the meetings and the tendency to approve and eventual implementation of the proposals made by the agents with the highest volume of capital, who were at the center of the debate. It is concluded that the supposed democratic and "universal" openness in terms of the possibility of action is part of an ilusio of the field, which does not translate necessary, neither directly, in the real manifestation and participation in the field (COMTUR). It is said that the agents with the highest volume of capital tend to be those who, in a way, participate more in the actions and achievements of this sphere and, in this sense, are more likely to guide the local tourist context, as opposed to the actions of other agents in the field, who act as adjuvants. Therefore, any significant change in the field needs to include, in whole, or in part, those dominant agents.

Coping Mechanisms of Hospitality Industry Workers in a Tourism Destina-tion during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic brought massive devastations to the different levels of society. The World Travel and Tourism Council had recently warned that Covid-19 pandemic could lead to a cut of 50 million jobs worldwide in the travel and tourism industry. A study conducted by Oxford reveals that Asia will be vilest to be affected by the pandemic and it would take time to recover its economy (Dogra, 2020). This means a wider and greater impacts to the different industries including the tourism sector. The study aims to explore the coping mechanisms of hospitality industry workers in Boracay Island during the Covid-19 pandemic particularly on their experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic and to determine the coping mechanisms of hospitality workers in Boracay Island being affected by the pandemic. The case study method through a qualitative analysis using Robert Yin's approach in the data analysis procedure to explore the data from the experiences of the key informants from the hospitality industry was used. Themes came out from the construct of the key informants like (1) hospitality industry workers experienced mental health, social, and economic issues, (2) The pandemic opens new opportunities and ways to cope with its effects. The output of this research is the proposed Danay, Danay, Escarilla, and Maming Model for Coping Mechanisms of Hospitality Industry workers during the Covid-19 Pandemic.

Il turismo al tempo del Covid-19. Un’analisi empirica degli effetti della pandemia sul turismo della Sardegna nel contesto europeo

The World Travel & Tourism Council considers tourism as one of the most resilient business activities with an excellent recovery times after crisis periods, which for various reasons have accourred worldwide as well. However, the current one, caused by Covid-19 pandemic, has taken on characteristics that will profoundly mark the 21st century since it brings with it a profound economic crisis of which tourism is one of the most important and most affected sector. It seems superflous to speak at this time about tourism, whose perception is always that of leisure, but in Italy, for example, this sector is worth about 12% of the gross domestic product. It is above all for this reason that it must be reconsidered in sustainable terms also from the health point of view, and social distance is the fundamental requirement now. Sardinia is one of the favored regions by italian tourists during the summer and by foreigners also in the shoulder months. To date, despite the still high criticality, there are variould theses under discussion, mainly among researchers, on what the new tourism will be possible, but the phases of mitigation and recovery should be estabished by the institution while the scientific community should answer the question on how to create and to manage these new kind of tourism. This study will try to address this problem by rethinking the typical types of the island of Sardinia from a tourist perspective of protection with respect to morbidity.

Rinha UTFPR: relato de uma experiência em rede social durante a pandemia

O presente relato de experiência teve como objetivo analisar uma atividade extensionista voltada para a saúde mental, a Rinha UTFPR, desenvolvida em período de isolamento social. Trata-se de estudo documental. O corpus de pesquisa foi composto por publicações realizadas no Facebook. Na análise foi utilizada a técnica da análise de conteúdo. Nas disputas, no período de 12 dias, foram alcançadas 446.231 pessoas, houve 139.471 engajamentos e 41.841 reações. Conclui-se que a Rinha UTFPR atingiu os objetivos propostos na sua concepção.

Membangun Pemahaman Terhadap Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Dan Indikator Global Sustainable Tourism Council

The development of tourism has a negative impact on the environment of new management practices in the tourism industry, namely tourism villages. Tourism villages are also a form of implementing sustainable development goals. As one of the tourist villages in West Manggarai Regency, Wae Lolos Village must be able to be managed into a tourism village that is following the goals of sustainable development, so it is essential to manage a tourist village that understands the management of a tourist village under the goals of sustainable development. There are public lectures, pre-and post-tests, and self assessment using the global sustainable tourism council criteria in community service activities—Results of increasing mean value between the pre-test and post-test indicate the understanding of sustainable development goals. In addition, based on the GSTC aspect of the destination category, the aspect of governance is the aspect that has the most percentage of met criteria, but environmental aspects are the aspects that have presentation criteria. Wae Lolos Village uses the GSTC criteria as a measuring tool for monitoring and evaluating the performance of tourism villages.

Tourism in common: policy flows and participatory management in the Tourism Council of Barcelona

ABSTRACT This study aims to conceptualise the organisational framing of tourism management in touristified cities, focusing on the assessment of participatory processes of tourism planning. A grounded theory approach is used to analyse and discuss the role of the newly created consultive Tourism Council of Barcelona. An analysis of in-depth interviews undertaken with representatives of local stakeholders led to Common Pool Resources and policy cycle theories as conceptual framework to support a precise characterisation of tourism-related conflicts in Barcelona. The results reveal difficulties to obtain consensual strategic views for tourism development, although working groups contribute to cooperation between stakeholders.

Forecasting of Tourism Demand: Methodological Advancement in Search of Suitable Model

Travel and Tourism is one of the “World’s largest industries and generator of quality jobs” (World Travel and Tourism Council). Day by day tourism is getting popularity, and its contribution in world economy is also increasing. People are travelling mostly due to inversions. A person who lives in arid plains, one in a year wants to travel to see the beauty of mountains or Sea. A Person who works in a very stressful and compact schedule, also want to relax by travelling or finding recreation. Life style generated stress and boredom are affecting not only productivity of a person but also health of that person. Education is also a significant factor for tourism. The case study of the tourism demand forecasting is done in context of Jaipur city of Rajasthan State in India. Jaipur city is the capital of the state Rajasthan. It has both cultural and natural sites as attraction for tourists. Forecasting Tourism demand is an essential tool to predict the future of this industry in a particular Region. For the forecasting of tourism demand in Jaipur city time series analysis method is used. The paper is written to analyze the trends in tourist arrivals and the future of tourism in the city, and it is an exercise to find out best model for forecasting of tourism demand. It will be useful in proper of use of resources and appropriate planning of tourism in the city.

An Analysis of the Challenges and Prospects of Tourism Sector of CHT: A Study on Khagrachari

Tourism is the most emerging industry in the world. Before the pandemic, it was very much growing. It has a great contribution to national GDP as well as global GDP. According to World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), in 2019 tourism sectors have contributed 10.4% of the global GDP which is equal to US$ 9.2 trillion to the global Gross Domestic Product (GDP) whereas in 2020 tourism sectors have contributed 5.5% of the global GDP which is equal to US$ 4.7 trillion to the global Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In 2019 tourism sectors have created 334 million jobs which were 10.4% of total employment in 2019 but in 2020, 62 million jobs were lost, representing a drop of 18.5%, leaving just 272 million employed across the sector globally. It has been found out that during 2014-2019, 1 in every 4 net new jobs created across the world is in the travel and tourism field but in 2020 it is only 1 in every 11 net new jobs created. This research paper has been conducted on the problems and prospects of the tourism sector of khagrachari one of the hill districts of Chittagong hill tracts (CHT). Khagrachari is a very popular and attractive tourist destination for both domestic and foreign tourists. The challenges that the researchers had found out through this research paper are Transportation facilities, Electricity service, accommodation facilities, Security, the interest of local tourists, Condition of roads and highways, internet service, Tourist guides, information regarding tourist spots. Besides, prospects that were found through this research paper are tribal foods, bridges are under construction, employment opportunity, Income level, Standard of living, Crime reduction, beautification, economic development. Finally, here the researcher has provided some recommendations for overcoming these challenges. Keywords: Tourism, CHT, Challenges, Prospects. DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/13-18-05 Publication date: September 30 th 2021

Management of the development of border regions as a tourist destination

The subject of this article is about the development of tourist activities in the region. The increase inthe material well-being of the local population leads to an increase in the social level. The subject of thisarticle is the development of tourist activities in the Lankaran economic region, which is a border region.The object of the research is the tourist activity of the border region.The research method is a comparative analysis of tourism in the economic region of Azerbaijan.The main attention is paid to the mechanism of management of the development of the border region.The development of the border region as a tourist destination is the main goal in the proposed work. Toachieve the goal, it is proposed to create a special economic zone for tourist destinations in the indicatedterritory. The leadership for the implementation of the adopted Development Program is transferred tothe Regional Tourism Council. The implementation of the adopted regional development program isassociated with the development of tourist clusters, the attraction of domestic and foreign investors, entrepreneursof related industries, and joint activities in the region. The development of the region locatedat the state border presupposes close cooperation of the regions on both sides of the state border, the transformation of the region into an international transport hub. The results of this work can be applied tothe management of regional tourism activities. The article concludes that a clear administrative phasedimplementation of the Program as a result will lead to an increase in the volume of the region’s domesticproduct, an improvement in the quality of services offered and, as a result, an increase in the materialwell-being of the local population, and the recognition of the region in the international tourism market.Promotion of the region as a single tourist product will speed up the process of recognizing this territoryas a tourist destination.Key words: cross-border region, special economic zone for tourism, tourism cluster, single tourismproduct.

The Governance and Tourism: A Case of Developing Countries

Tourism is a rapidly growing industry globally and it is contributing a significant part in the GDP of the economies. In the literature, a variety of determinants of tourism are discussed theoretically and empirically but the effect of national governance on tourism is rarely discussed. This study investigates the effect of governance on tourism development in a panel of 65 developing economies for the time period of 2000-2015. Tourism development is measured by an index of three components, i.e. spending by international tourists, spending by local tourists and tourism’s share in total employment in the economy. For governance an index is constructed based on indicators of government effectiveness, political stability, regulatory quality, rule of law, and voice and accountability. Data has been taken from World Development Indicators (WDI), Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) and World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC). Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) estimation indicates that governance positively influence tourism development and its components, i.e. foreign visitors spending, domestic tourist spending and contribution of tourism in employment. The indicators of governance, i.e. government effectiveness, political stability, regulatory quality, rule of law and voice and accountability also positively affect tourism development. Terrorism, environmental degradation and corruption have shown adverse effect on tourism development as well as components of tourism development. The economic growth and trade openness have encouraging effect on tourism development and its comments. It is concluded that through good governance tourism may be developed but terrorism and corruption are needed to be eliminated.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE NUMBER OF TOURISTS ARRIVED IN ROMANIA'S DEVELOPMENT REGIONS AND THE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT

At national level, the contribution of tourism to the formation of the Gross Domestic Product is quite significant, considering the year 2019, when the contribution of tourism was 6.1% (World Travel & Tourism Council, 2021). Thus, the connection between tourism and Gross Domestic Product is indisputable. The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of the number of tourists arriving in the development regions of Romania on the Gross Domestic Product. The regression method was applied for data processing, using the statistical program EViews. The highest increase in the Gross Domestic Product, depending on the increase in the number of tourists, is registered in the South-Muntenia Development Region, and the smallest increase is registered in the Bucharest-Ilfov Development Region. The results show that a large number of tourists does not necessarily mean generating a considerable increase in Gross Domestic Product.

Kajian Penggunaan Kriteria dan Indikator GSTC sebagai Instrumen Penilaian Pembangungan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan Berbasis Lingkungan

The tourism sector is built based on development that prioritizes welfare, especially for people in rural areas. Not only as a sector that can provide an economic boost but at the same time providing a sense of security against concerns over the overexploitation of natural resources. Therefore, as part of the process in the management of a tourism destination, it requires an in-depth study of instruments that can assist tourism destination management in assessing the environmental resilience crisis. This instrument is needed to reduce environmental impacts, which are currently feared to damage the environment around the destination. One of the instruments used in this research is the criteria and indicators of the Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC). The method of this research used a descriptive qualitative method, comparative analysis (implementation and indicators). The purpose of this research is to answer the challenges of environmental vulnerability issues in a destination using one of the GSTC criteria and indicators. The result of this research is Tunggul Arum tourism village does not fulfill the environmental-based on GSTC criteria and indicators.

Financial Lending Institutions in the Tourism Sector in Kenya.

This study sought to examine the financial lending institutions in the tourism sector. According to World Travel and Tourism Council, one out of every 13 workers are employed directly or indirectly in the tourism sector. Financial injections in the tourism industry have been on the rise in the twenty-first century since numerous financial lending institutions in the world. In conclusion, financial lending institutions are investing in the tourism industry more due to its great growth potential. Investors in the tourism and hospitality establishments access financial aid from international, regional and local institutions. Loan security gives financial lending institutions the courage to lend out capital, making institutions such as MIGA very instrumental in the tourism sector. This study recommends that the government of Kenya, under the Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife, should provide guarantors’ services to investors who are seeking financial aid for growth in the tourism industry.

Central American and Caribbean tourism destinations' competitiveness: A temporal approach.

This study presents a new method for measuring tourism destination competitiveness based on data covering a specific time span. Issues, such as the type of data gathered, tools and methods employed, and the size and number of destinations, are addressed, as is the consideration of a specified time period. The proposal is based on the information given by linear regression equations, which not only enables the behaviour of destinations to be observed over time, but also facilitates their comparison. The data employed was from the period 2000-2019. Cluster Analysis was introduced to group destinations according to their performance. Moreover, various aggregation methods are proposed to obtain competitiveness rankings. A comparison between destinations was carried out using the non-aggregative and an aggregative approach. Certain destinations attained better positions than others that are considered as being more competitive in global international rankings. Five clusters were clearly identified. The results were consistent with the World Travel and Tourism Council outputs and underlined the importance attached to tourism development in the destinations from Central America and the Caribbean.