Abstract
This study presents a new method for measuring tourism destination competitiveness based on data covering a specific time span. Issues, such as the type of data gathered, tools and methods employed, and the size and number of destinations, are addressed, as is the consideration of a specified time period. The proposal is based on the information given by linear regression equations, which not only enables the behaviour of destinations to be observed over time, but also facilitates their comparison. The data employed was from the period 2000-2019. Cluster Analysis was introduced to group destinations according to their performance. Moreover, various aggregation methods are proposed to obtain competitiveness rankings. A comparison between destinations was carried out using the non-aggregative and an aggregative approach. Certain destinations attained better positions than others that are considered as being more competitive in global international rankings. Five clusters were clearly identified. The results were consistent with the World Travel and Tourism Council outputs and underlined the importance attached to tourism development in the destinations from Central America and the Caribbean.
Highlights
In order to contribute towards their economic and social development, several countries are improving their tourism sectors, thereby increasing the number of tourism destinations worldwide
Due to the necessity of establishing a comparison, it is not possible to use the model that best matches the behaviour of each destination in each separate indicator, but instead the model that is applicable to all the models and that provides an explanation of the results
The proposed indicators are representative of the elements that enable a diagnosis of the competitiveness situation of the destinations to be established, such as the determinants of tourism destination competitiveness (TDC) (GI, Capital Investment (CI)), the performance (DTS, LTTS, Business Travel & Tourism Spending (BTTS), VE, ITTC) and the impact (GDP_DC, GDP_TC, EDC, ETC), as stated in [13]
Summary
In order to contribute towards their economic and social development, several countries are improving their tourism sectors, thereby increasing the number of tourism destinations worldwide. The quantity of originating markets has augmented, albeit to a lesser degree. This asymmetry has led to fierce competition in the international tourism market, which is constantly on the rise [1]. Tourism destination competitiveness (TDC) has emerged as a pre-eminent concept for policymakers and scholars and, its evaluation has gained special attention in the recent literature [2]. Several authors have striven to evaluate the competitiveness of tourist destinations over the years [3,4,5,6].
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