Statistical Tools Research Articles

Examining the Impact of E-Learning on Students’ Knowledge Enhancement in the Sultanate of Oman

The present study attempted to examine the impact of e-learning system education on students’ knowledge enhancement focusing on the teacher, content, technology, and student and analyzing the e-learning factors on students’ learning. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 249 undergraduate students from Arab Open University, Oman campus. The data were analyzed with various statistical tools which can be used to find the relationship between the variables. However, it is revealed that there exists a high effect of e-learning on students’ learning. Further, it is noticed that there exists a moderate effect of e-learning on knowledge enhancement. Multiple regression was run to predict the e-learning system from all four independent variables such as student, teacher, technology, and content and it was proved statistically significant prediction on the dependent variable thereby accepting the study hypotheses. The study also revealed that there are many benefits and challenges associated with the e-learning system. Students were exposed to the e-learning system and felt more confident and comfortable while working on it. It is therefore recommended that e-learning will become the most preferred way of education throughout the Globe. E-learning’s effectiveness also depends on the level of individual and social support available when it is being adopted. Major efforts must be made by universities to continue to improve e-learning that fosters dynamic learning opportunities for students. It is essential to improve technological skills to achieve the best goal of knowledge enhancement. Further, this study can be conducted widely in all the higher education institutions across the country.

EVALUATING THE PROCESS OF ELECTRONIC ID CARD (E-KTP) SERVICES AT THE POPULATION ADMINISTRATION AND CIVIL REGISTRATION OFFICE OF LEBAK BULUS SUBDISTRICT

This research aims to evaluate the electronic Identity Card (e-KTP) issuance service at the Population Administration and Civil Registration Office of Lebak Bulus Subdistrict, referring to the Decision of the Head of the Population and Civil Registration Office of DKI Jakarta Province Number 100 of 2022, which establishes service standards. This research utilizes a qualitative descriptive approach, based on observations and in-depth interviews, and relates it to operational concepts, frameworks, and relevant laws. The evaluation results indicate that the e-KTP service has successfully optimized service time, with an average waiting time of approximately 10-15 minutes, which is a strength of the service. However, there are several challenges in verifying population data and technical issues with hardware usage. Although the staff provides good service, there is a lack of clear information regarding the status of e-KTP application progress for applicants. Recommendations for improvement include enhancing recording facilities, improving communication with applicants, maintaining hardware, and enhancing cooperation with relevant agencies. This research contributes to efforts to enhance the quality of e-KTP issuance services and provides guidance for similar institutions in improving service effectiveness and efficiency.

Post-Stroke Depression and Suicidal Ideations: Relationship with Gender and Marital Status: A Cross Sectional Study.

To determine the prevalence and contributing factors of depression and suicidal ideations among stroke survivors in Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional study comprising 75 consenting stroke survivors who were purposively recruited from 2 tertiary hospitals. Suicidal ideations and depression were measured using standard questionnaires. Obtained data was analyzed with appropriate statistical tools. 9.3% of the participants had depression while 4% reported suicidal ideations. Significant correlation existed between suicidal ideations and depression (ρ = .31, P = .01), and levels of depression and suicidal ideations (χ2 = 85.76; P < .01). Depression had a significant relationship with gender and marital status, while suicidal ideations had a significant relationship with marital status. Females were significantly more depressed than their male counterparts (U = 512.50, P = .04) and also had a higher score on suicidal ideations. The widowed/divorced recorded the highest scores on depression (χ2 = 8.77, P = .01) and suicidal ideations (χ2 = 6.62; P = .04). A worrisome prevalence of depression was reported among the study participants. The level of suicidal ideations was quite low. Depression and suicidal ideations were higher among females and those who lost their life partners (either by divorce or death).

PENGARUH MOTIVASI, PENGETAHUAN PERPAJAKAN DAN KESADARAN PAJAK TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PAJAK PADA KPP PRATAMA DEPOK SAWANGAN

Tax compliance is a critical aspect of a well-functioning tax system, and understanding the factors that influence taxpayers' compliance behavior is essential for effective tax administration. This research focuses on investigating the impact of motivation, tax knowledge, and tax awareness on tax compliance among taxpayers served by the Sawangan Primary Tax Office (KPP Pratama Depok Sawangan). The main objective of this study is to analyze and assess the relationships between motivation, tax knowledge, tax awareness, and tax compliance. By gaining insights into these relationships, the research aims to contribute to the enhancement of tax compliance strategies and policies in the jurisdiction of the Sawangan Primary Tax Office. This research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing a survey method to collect data from a sample of taxpayers registered with the KPP Pratama Depok Sawangan. A structured questionnaire is designed to measure variables such as motivation, tax knowledge, tax awareness, and tax compliance. The collected data will be analyzed using statistical tools, including regression analysis, to identify the significance and strength of the relationships among the variables. The population of this study is individual taxpayers who are registered at KPP Pratama Depok Sawangan. The findings of this study suggest that there is a significant impact of motivation, tax knowledge, and tax awareness on tax compliance at the Sawangan Primary Tax Office (KPP Pratama Depok Sawangan). In other words, the level of motivation, understanding of taxation, and awareness of tax obligations among taxpayers in this jurisdiction play crucial roles in influencing their compliance with tax regulations.

Research Trends in Sustainable E-Payment Systems: A Study Using Topic Modeling Approach

This article analyses research trends in the domain of sustainable e-payment and finds the research gaps therein by applying text mining technique. Abstracts and indexed keywords of 703 research articles on sustainable e-payment have been analyzed by applying the topic modeling approach and the latent Dirichlet allocation technique to narrow down to ten topics. Corresponding number of articles that fall under those topics are determined to address the research gap. Findings reveal disparity in research trends in different aspects of electronic payment. Research and publication in some areas have witnessed appreciable increase in recent years while other topics have remained relatively less explored. Overall, research and publication in the sphere of e-payment show upward trend, especially in recent years. Topics, such as “problems and solutions in e-payments,” “modern statistical analysis tools,” “digitalization of healthcare,” and “secured e-payment technology,” have attracted rigour and interest of the researchers in the domain. In comparison, publications pertaining to topics, such as “cloud-based e-payment system,” “security in electronic payment,” “future of online payment technique,” and “adoptability of digital payment method,” are lesser in numbers. This disparity in research trends in different aspects of electronic payment opens up avenues for a more holistic intellectual exploration of the knowledge domain. Furthermore, the study also finds that the keywords searched in Scopus, number of citations, and name of the publisher act as key factors that impact the popularity of the articles published in this area.

The effect of government regulations through competitiveness on the the performance of textile companies

This study examines the role of government regulation on competitiveness and its impact on the performance of companies that have been designated as bonded zones. Bonded zone regulations provide several conveniences such as: delaying the payment of taxes on imported goods, accelerating customs duties, and exempting import permits are expected to improve company performance. Until 2019, 493 textile companies had been designated as bonded zones in Indonesia. But in reality, there are still companies designated as bonded zones that have low financial performance. This research uses 204 textile companies designated as bonded zones in Indonesia. The data were obtained from questionnaires filled out by company representatives. Data were analysed using a statistical test tool. This study finds that government regulations have a greater influence on the performance of textile companies mediated by power competition. The government must make regulations that can support increased competitiveness to improve company performance.

Manajemen konten pada platform instagram Fakultas Pendidikan di Universitas Swasta di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

This study aims to determine the process of educational promotion content management in one of the education faculties at a private university in Yogyakarta. The research problem focuses on understanding how the social media content management process is carried out by the Instagram account management team of the education faculty of a private university in Yogyakata. This research uses qualitative research which is described descriptively with a case study approach. The results of this study are that in managing new student admission content on Instagram at the education faculty of a private university in Yogyakarta, there are 4 steps taken, namely: planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. The planning process is carried out through setting goals for using Instagram and creating/taking over accounts. The next process is organizing which is carried out by filling in positions consisting of coordinators, admins, graphic designers, editors, talents, and streaming operators. In the next process, namely mobilizing each position to carry out their duties properly, then the leadership provides enthusiasm or input so that they always work diligently according to the target. The final step is that supervision is carried out through reviews, weekly meetings, and the use of performance statistical analysis tools both on Instagram and through other pages, for example socialblade.

The relationship between supply chain management and environmental sustainability: The mediating role of eco culinary product

Betawi Ora is an indigenous tribe that lives in Bekasi which is a region of West Java. In terms of cultural distribution, Betawi itself is a tribe originating from Jakarta, but geographically it spreads to the West Java region. The existence of Eco-culinary products cannot be separated from the supply chain management system and environmental sustainability because Eco-culinary is a food that represents the existence of raw materials provided by the environment where the community exists. Based on the background and urgency of this research, the purpose of this research is to find out the relationship between Supply Chain Management, Eco-culinary Product and Environmental Sustainability both directly and indirectly where Eco-culinaru Product mediates the relationship between Supply Chain variables Management and Environmental Sustainability variables. The respondents in this study were 210 managers of Betawi Ora restaurants in Bekasi West Java, Indonesia and employees who maintain supply chain management in that restaurant. Data collection and processing were carried out using the Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA) method. The analytical approach uses the least squares method in the parameter estimation process. The research method is a quantitative survey, analysis of research data is performed using structural equation modeling partial least squares (SEM-PLS) with statistical data processing tools, namely Smart PLS 4.0 software. Results of this research show that supply chain management had a significant effect on environmental sustainability which is mediated by eco-culinary products. Thus, it can be concluded that good quality of supply chain management will be able to produce quality products, and it must be an important consideration that the goal of everything is to create and maintain Environmental Sustainability.

An empirical study of interdisciplinary crime research

Abstract This research was designed to test the effectiveness of interdisciplinary scientific research in the field of crime. A survey was conducted using an online questionnaire to assess the hypotheses and evaluate the adequacy of statistical and text analysis tools. The sample consisted of scientists from various disciplines. The results of the data analysis showed that there is a lack of effective interdisciplinary cooperation and knowledge synthesis among the different types of sciences. Interdisciplinarity in science involves the synthesis and application of knowledge from different scientific fields. In the field of crime research, there is a lack of organized interdisciplinary approaches due to the relative isolation of various scientific disciplines and their focus on traditional research subjects. This means that crime is often not a priority for these disciplines. The discussion chapter examined the factors contributing to the less effective interdisciplinary research in the field of crime, as well as explored the potential for achieving a more effective synthesis of knowledge in criminology.

The Impact of Internal Marketing Procedures on Banking Service Quality A Study of a Sample of Banks Operating in Biskra

This study delved into analyzing the impact of internal marketing procedures on the quality of banking services, using a sample of banks operating in Biskra. A random sample of 33 individuals from the employees of the following banks (Bank of Salam, Bank of Agriculture and Rural Development, Algerian Popular Credit Bank) was selected. To achieve the study’s objectives, a questionnaire was designed as a data collection tool, and appropriate statistical tests and tools within (SPSS.V 20) were used. The study distributed and retrieved 33 valid questionnaires for analysis. The study reached several results, including the significant impact of internal marketing procedures on the quality of banking services with its dimensions (tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, security, and empathy) specific to the banks (Bank of Salam, Bank of Agriculture and Rural Development, Algerian Popular Credit Bank) operating in Biskra.This positive impact enables banks to achieve key success factors within their competitive environment. The study recommends the necessity of focusing on all internal marketing procedures (embedding a service culture, applying the marketing approach in human resources management, disseminating marketing information to all employees, and motivating and rewarding employees) by the studied banks on one hand. On the other hand, equal attention should be given to the quality of banking services with its dimensions (tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, security, and empathy) to achieve desired success and excellence. Banks also have to embed a service culture and employees motivation, which offer actionable insights for banks to enhance their service quality in the way that achieve customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Customer relationship management and brand image: Empirical evidence from marine export company in Indonesia

This research aimed to analyze the direct and indirect influence of customer relationship management and brand image on customer loyalty in the marine export department of DSV Transport Indonesia through customer satisfaction. Customer Relationship Management in goods delivery was one of the essential variables to improve company service to satisfy its customers and impact their loyalty. Research with a quantitative approach uses the Path Analysis statistical tool. This research used quantitative methods with a sample of 199 companies. The key findings of this research stated that customer relationship management has a negative and insignificant effect on the satisfaction and loyalty of marine export customers of DSV Transport Indonesia. Thus, the changes occurring in the application of Customer Relationship Management in marine exports would not affect the satisfaction and loyalty of marine export customers of DSV Transport Indonesia. Based on the results of this research, it was stated that customer satisfaction was indirectly able to function as a mediator or mediate the indirect influence of Customer Relationship Management and brand image on the customer loyalty to marine exports of DSV Transport Indonesia.

Drift Estimation of the Threshold Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Process From Continuous and Discrete Observations

We refer by threshold Ornstein-Uhlenbeck to a continuous-time threshold autoregressive process. It follows the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck dynamics when above or below a fixed level, yet at this level (threshold) its coefficients can be discontinuous. We discuss (quasi)-maximum likelihood estimation of the drift parameters, both assuming continuous and discrete time observations. In the ergodic case, we derive consistency and speed of convergence of these estimators in long time and high frequency. Based on these results, we develop a test for the presence of a threshold in the dynamics. Finally, we apply these statistical tools to short-term US interest rates modeling.

Spatio-temporal variability of public water supply characteristics and associated health hazards for children and adults in selected locations of Ambala, India.

The contamination of public water supply and groundwater resources is a major concern in many parts of developing nations. Polluted water poses serious health risks to humans and the environment. This research was conducted to investigate the seasonal variations of the water quality parameters in the public water supply. To assess the supply water quality in different blocks of Ambala District, hydro-chemical analysis was conducted after a series of systematic sampling in various locations. The statistical tools for water quality indexing including water quality indexing (WQI), heavy metal pollution indexing (HMPI), pollution indexing (PI), overall pollution indexing (OPI), metal indexing (MI), and hazard indexing (HI) were used for data as well as the health hazard analysis through water pathway. Overall, 40 water samples were taken from the public water supply systems covering winter and summer seasons, and the levels of pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), EC, F- , Cl- , NO3 - , SO4 2- , HCO3 - , As, B, Cd, Co, Pb, Zn, Cr, Fe, and Mn were investigated. The weight arithmetic index method was used for WQI, and water pollution indices such as HMPI, PI, OPI, and MI were calculated using different models to check the severity of contamination. The mean hazard quotient and hazard index values calculated using the concentration levels of As, B, Cd, Co, Pb, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, F- , and NO3 - reveal that supply water may pose a significant health risk to both adults and children that further varies with temporal and spatial changes. During both seasons, a high carcinogenic risk for both adults and children was observed in the studied area because of high levels of As, Pb, Cd, and NO3 - . PRACTITIONER POINTS: The quality of public supply water was assessed at the selected sites of Ambala, India. High levels of NO3 - , As, Cd, and Pb were observed posing a health risk to adults and children via water pathway. 95% of the samples qualified for the excellent water quality category with respect to the levels of F- , Cl- , NO3 - , SO4 2- , HCO3 - , pH, EC, and TDS. Statistical analysis (HMPI, PI, MI, OPI, HI) using different models revealed water contamination with reference to the levels of NO3 - , As, Pb, Cr, Ni, and Cd. Immediate measures are needed to uphold the safety and health of the natives.

Minkowski Functionals in 𝖲𝖮(3) for the spin-2 CMB polarisation field

The study of the angular power spectrum of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies, both in intensity and in polarisation, has led to the tightest constraints on cosmological parameters. However, this statistical quantity is not sensitive to any deviation from Gaussianity and statistical isotropy in the CMB data. Minkowski Functionals (MFs) have been adopted as one of the most powerful statistical tools to study such deviations, since they characterise the topology and geometry of the field of interest. In this paper, we extend the application of MFs to CMB polarisation data by introducing a new formalism, where we lift the spin 2 polarisation field to a scalar function in a higher-dimensional manifold: the group of rotations of the sphere, SO(3). Such a function is defined as f = Q cos(2ζ) - U sin(2ζ). We analytically obtain the expected values for the MFs of f in the case of Gaussian isotropic polarisation maps. Furthermore, we present a new pipeline which estimates these MFs from input HEALPix polarisation maps. We apply it to CMB simulations in order to validate the theoretical results and the methodology. The pipeline is to be included in the publicly available Python package Pynkowski .

Adherence to Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation Among Pregnant Women From Northern Ghana

Iron and folic Acid (IFA) supplementation is an effective intervention for reducing the incidence of anaemia during pregnancy. The WHO recommends at least 6 months intake of IFA to pregnant women. However, in Ghana some women experience challenges with adhering to IFA supplementation. The main objective of the study was to assess the level of adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation and its associated factors among pregnant women in a peri-urban municipality in Northern Ghana. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to December 2021 among 400 pregnant women who attended ANC in Sagnarigu municipality in Ghana and were selected through a 3-stage random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, univariate and binary logistic regression statistical tools. Self-reported level of adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation was 84.5%. Knowledge of iron and folic acid supplementation (AOR = 0.08: 021, 0.343) was associated with adherence. Three other factors: time of first antenatal visit (AOR = 0.32: 0.153, 0.649) having history of anaemia [AOR = 2.67: 1.373, 5.201] having side effects of IFA [AOR = 3.70, CI: (1.756, 7.793)], and having knowledge of management of side effects of iron and folic acid supplementation (AOR = 0.08: 021, 0.343) were found to be significantly associated with adherence. Adherence to iron and folic supplementation among the pregnant women was generally frequent. Strategies to increase iron and folic acid supplementation adherence among pregnant women could focus on encouraging pregnant women to have early ANC visits and educating them on how to manage side effects.

Towards designer polyolefins: highly tuneable olefin copolymerisation using a single permethylindenyl post-metallocene catalyst.

Using a highly active permethylindenyl-phenoxy (PHENI*) titanium catalyst, high to ultra-high molecular weight ethylene-linear-α-olefin (E/LAO) copolymers are prepared in high yields under mild conditions (2 bar, 30-90 °C). Controllable, efficient, and predictable comonomer enchainment provides access to a continuum of copolymer compositions and a vast range of material properties using a single monomer-agnostic catalyst. Multivariate statistical tools are employed that combine the tuneability of this system with the analytical and predictive power of data-derived models, this enables the targeting of polyolefins with designer properties directly through predictive alteration of reaction conditions.

The Agenda of The Reading Teacher Journal (RT) on reading skills: A Decade within a Corpus

The science of reading aims to explain the process of teaching and learning reading to educators, families, and students to enhance children's success in school and social life. Research in education, cognitive science, and cognitive neuroscience has provided insights into the cognitive processes of reading and the brain's functions during reading, facilitating the development of effective teaching methods and models. This study conducts a corpus-based analysis of the last decade of research trends related to reading to determine the frequently occurring collocations, their distribution over time, and the emerging and declining concepts in the field. Corpus linguistics is a quantitative approach that relies on analyzing large volumes of language data to uncover patterns and features of language use. It involves the preparation of corpora, which are digital collections of texts, and using statistical tools to analyze the data within them. RT's publications in the last ten years were recorded according to year, volume, and number. The data was harvested via online versions of journals and the collected data were transformed into raw text. Figures, tables, graphic information, and footnotes were excluded from the data. Each text was annotated with "year", "issue", "volume", "keyword 1" and "keyword 2" tags. TreeTagger was used for part-of-speech tagging and CQPWeb/CWB framework was used as the corpus interface. The whole data formed a corpus of 3,548,008 words. This study provides a corpus-based analysis of the concepts that frequently form collocations with the word "reading" in the Reading Teacher (RT) over the last decade. The findings reveal the most frequently used concepts and their distribution according to years and the concepts that have experienced a decline or an increase in usage. The study sheds light on the language and discourse of reading education and contributes to understanding the changes and trends in the field.

Attitude and Satisfaction of Packaged Drinking Water Brands: A Research with Special Reference to Krishnagiri District, Tamil Nadu

The purpose of the present research was to identify and analyze of consumer attitude, satisfaction and behavior of packaged drinking water users in Krishnagiri District of Tamilnadu. This research solved consumer fears among the packaged drinking water needs. The research used convenient sampling method for collecting the primary data from various users of Krishnagiri district. And it is used interview schedule method and also used various statistical tools for analyzing and interpreting research such as Analysis of Variance test, multiple regression analysis, Chi-square test and structural equation model. It is tested for sampling reliability, pre-test and pilot study before collecting the primary data. There is no significant difference between the age group in years of packaged drinking water users with regard to factors of consumer attitude, since the P value is greater than 0.05. Hence the null hypothesis is accepted at 5% level with regard to factors of consumer attitude. The research work was purely original and not copied from any other articles, magazines, news papers or thesis.

Building Blocks and Organizational Performance

The study examined the effect of building blocks on organisational performance. The specific objectives were to examine the effects of organizational procedure on organisational performance and the effect of management hierarchy on organisational performance. The study used a sample size of 120 respondents out of a total population of 150 employees of the selected organisations which were selected at random. Copies of semi-structured questionnaire were used to obtained primary data. The study used a descriptive survey design approach and multiple regression analysis as statistical tools to test the hypotheses of the study. The study found that organisation procedure and management hierarchy have positive and significant effects on organisational performance. The study concludes that organisational procedure and management hierarchy can favourably influence organizational performance, in order for businesses to succeed in a highly competitive environment, they must be responsive to the needs and wants of their customers, they must be market-oriented in terms of their focus on their customers, their orientation towards competitors, and the coordination of their internal departments’ various functions. The study recommends that firms should encourage a proper Management Hierarchy and adequate organisational procedure in order to improve organisational performance y in all department of the organisation.

Level of stress among first line nurses in East Jeddah Hospital, Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic

Objective: To determine the level of occupational stress and the associated factors among first line nurses in East Jeddah Hospital, Saudi Arabia, during COVID-19. Methodology: Data were collected from 250 first line nurses working in East Jeddah Hospital using survey questionnaires. The questionnaires consisted of occupational stress scale. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-square and descriptive statistical tools of SPSS. Results: We found that 82.8% of the nurses had high level of stress and only 17.2% had moderate stress. The level of occupational stress was affected by various demographic factors, including nurses’ age (p=0.000; r=.713), level of education (p=0.000; r=.655) marital status (p=0.014; r=.624), and whether the nurses stayed alone or with others (p=0.000; r=.507). Many work-related factors affect the level of occupational stress, including department of work (p=0.040; r=.756), hours of working (p=.000; r=.542), years of experience (p=.002; r=.734), access to PPEs (p=0.000; r=.594), nature of relationship with the other coworkers (p=0.000; r=.594) and nature of work relationship (p=0.000; r=.597). Conclusion: The high level of stress among the first line nurses varies with sociodemographic and work factors. This calls for the healthcare systems to implement devise measures to address the propagating factors around stress among these nurses.