Tolerance Values Research Articles

Multi-collinearity in Research and Wayforward

In multi-linear regression, there will be two or more independent variables also known as predictor variables. The main task in multi-linear regression is to find how the predictor variable impacts the dependent variable when there is a change in predictor variables by one unit. However, without testing multi-co linearity between these predictor variables, such a model will create difficulties in terms of defining the real impact of the predictor variable (independent) on the predicted variable (dependent). This situation makes us aware in terms of variable selection while conducting multi-linear regression to find the exact impact. To explain this issue, 14 students were selected and asked to fill up the form with their marks obtained in the recent examination, the number of study hours at home, the number of hours hanging out with friends, and the number of copies added during an exam. The research aimed to observe if there is a multi-co linearity issue between predictor variables (number of study hours, number of hours hanging out with friends, and number of copies added during an exam). SPSS-version 25 is used to find a correlation matrix between predictor variables, matrix scatter plot, the value of Tolerance, Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) value, condition index, and variation proportion. Multi-co linearity issue observed in two predictor variables thus further solution explained.

Implikasi Nilai-Nilai Moderasi Islam dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK)

The study of Islamic moderation in school institutions is very important associated with the learning of Islamic Religious Education as a control holder who has an important role in instilling moderation values from an early age. The type of research used is qualitative research. Data collection techniques in the form of observations where researchers make observations, interviews and documentation with descriptive-analytical analysis techniques. The results of the implementation of Islamic moderation values are by habitually applying Islamic moderation values, determining learning plan strategies (RPP) and in its application Islamic religious education teachers use a contextual learning model consisting of Islamic moderation discussions, Islamic moderation case studies and Islamic moderation short film screenings. This is associated with the material of Islamic religious education and ethics books which include the values of balance, justice and tolerance

The effect of switching on the thermal behavior and operating time of electrical windings

Purpose To prevent the coil from burning or getting damaged, it is necessary to estimate the duration of its operation as long as its temperature does not exceed the permissible limit. This paper aims to investigate the effect of switching on the thermal behavior of impregnated and nonimpregnated windings. Also, the safe operating time for each winding is determined. Design/methodology/approach The power loss of the winding is expressed as a function of the winding specifications. Using homogenization techniques, the equivalent thermal properties for the homogenized winding are calculated and used in a proposed thermal equivalent circuit for winding modeling and analysis. The validity and accuracy of the proposed model are determined by comparing its analysis results and simulation and measurement results. Findings The results show that copper windings have better thermal behavior and lower temperature compared to aluminum windings. On the other hand, by impregnating or increasing the packing factor of the winding, the thermal behavior is improved. Also, by choosing the right duty cycle for the winding current source, it is possible to prevent the burning or damage of the winding and increase its lifespan. Comparing the measurement results with the analysis results shows that the proposed equivalent circuit has an error of less than 4% in the calculation of the winding center temperature. Research limitations/implications In this paper, the effect of temperature on the electrical resistance of the coil is ignored. Also, rectangular wires were not investigated. Research in these topics are considered as future work. Originality/value By calculating the thermal time constant of the winding, its safe operation time can be calculated so that its temperature does not exceed the tolerable value (150 °C). The proposed method analyzes both impregnated and nonimpregnated windings with various schemes. It investigates the effects of switching on their thermal behavior. Additionally, it determines the safe operating time for each type of winding.

Economic tolerance design of the P2 raceway based on the quasi-static model of aerospace ball bearings

This study focused on designing the raceway tolerance of high-precision rolling bearings. After the tolerance error equivalence relationship is defined, the application of the rolling bearing error equalization effect in tolerance design is studied. First, a five-degree of freedom quasi-static model was established for angular contact ball bearings. The waviness was included in the manufacturing error, and the radial and axial runouts of the bearing inner ring were calculated. Second, the error homogenization effect of the rolling bearing was studied, and the error homogenization coefficient was defined. The results of the study demonstrated that the bearing rotary accuracy was higher than the raceway error by an order of magnitude. Third, the manufacturing error range of each precision grade of the rolling bearing raceway was obtained by investigating errors of the equalization coefficient. Finally, the specific value of the raceway tolerance of P2 rolling bearings was obtained.

Pengaruh Daya Tarik Wisata terhadap Minat Kunjung ke Gedung Joang 45 Jakarta Pusat

Historical tourism is a tour that is in great demand by tourists and also students, tourists rarely have the intention to visit historical tourism because they think historical tourism is very boring and this makes visitor intensity influential and many museums have implemented the development of digitalization technology which makes it easier for visitors to find out what they want to know about the object. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of attractiveness on visiting interest. This research was conducted using quantitative methods with this quantitative research researchers will observe quantified phenomena and understand the quantity of a phenomenon that can be used later for comparison and, researchers can see patterns of relationships, interactions, and causality of the observed phenomena. In collecting samples used in this study using purposive sampling techniques, questionnaires as primary data, previous research data, journals, articles, and the internet as secondary data. This study amounted to 100 respondents who had criteria in the form of respondents who had come to the Joang 45 Museum. Static data management in this study uses SPSS software where the results of this data processing will explain the relationship between variable X and variable Y. The results of the tests conducted by the researcher prove that the results of the tests conducted by the researcher prove the relationship between variable X and variable Y. The results of the tests carried out by researchers prove that there is a significant influence of attractiveness on interest in visiting Joang 45 Museum. This is evidenced by the results of the t test with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05 and a tcount value of 10.417 ttable 1.66 in this study stating the significance of the influence of attractiveness on visiting interest. In addition to the t test, there are multicollinearity test results, it is known that the tolerance value is 1,000> 0.10 and the VIF value is 1,000 < 10.00, which means that there is no multicollinearity. And, based on the results of heteroscedasticity with a significance value of 0.598> 0.05, it can be concluded that this research data does not have problems with heteroscedasticity. As for the R2 test of 0.525, which means it can be concluded that there is an influence of variable X to variable Y of 52.5% with the rest being influenced by other variables not contained in this study. Based on the research findings, it can be deduced that the attractiveness factor significantly affects the interest in visiting the Joang 45 Museum. This study is anticipated to serve as a valuable point of reference for stakeholders involved in museum management.

Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Karakter melalui Kegiatan Ekstrakulikuler Musik Gambus di MA Fatwa Alim Madiun

The phenomenon of final moral degradation is a concern expressed by the father of character education, Thomas Lickona. The development of character values through school culture can be practiced through leadership, exemplary, friendliness, tolerance, hard work, discipline, social care, environmental concern, a sense of nationality, nationalism, and responsibility. The formulation of the problems in this study: Gambus music extracurricular activities at MA Fatwa Alim Madiun, Internalization of character values through extracurricular activities of Gambus Music at MA Fatwa Alim Madiun, and Inhibiting and supporting factors for the internalization of character values through gambus music extracurricular activities at MA Fatwa Alim Madiun. This study aims to describe the internalization of character values that are focused on social character values through Gambus Music's extracurricular activities at MA Fatwa Alim. The research method used is qualitative, with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the extracurricular activities of gambus music at MA Fatwa Alim not only teach about the art of religious musical instruments but also a process of internalizing the character values of tolerance, responsibility, cooperation, and care for the environment. Character value internalization is through value transformation, transaction, and trans-internalization of character values. At the same time, the inhibiting and supporting factors of the process of internalizing character values are divided into two, namely internal factors and external factors.

Pendidikan Islam dan Tantangan Kontemporer: Strategi Mengatasi Radikalisme dan Ekstremisme Melalui Pendidikan Holistik

This article discusses the role of Islamic education in facing contemporary challenges, especially in addressing the problems of radicalism and extremism. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this article investigates how Islamic education can serve as an effective solution in responding to the phenomenon. In this article, we will analyze the main concepts in Islamic education that promote a correct understanding of religion, tolerance, moderatism, and criticism of extreme thought. Through proper education, the values of tolerance, justice, and moderation can be instilled in the younger generation of Muslims. This article highlights the concept of inclusive Islamic education, based on balanced religious teachings, and developing critical understanding. This research was conducted through literature review and contextual analysis to provide deeper insight into the importance of Islamic education in addressing contemporary challenges. The results show that holistic and contextual Islamic education can play an important role in preventing and overcoming radicalism and extremism. This article provides a new outlook for educators, education practitioners, and policy makers to promote well-rounded Islamic education and build a generation of civilized Muslims.

Trace Element Levels in Rice Varieties Consumed in Saudi Arabia

Background: Rice is the most available and consumed food in the world, and is considered one nutritious food. Due to the same reason, rice is the popular food in Saudi Arabia, being consumed with vegetables and non-vegetable recipes. Methods: Taking the nutritive value of rice into consideration, the metal analysis was performed, and both essential and heavy elements were detected in seven varieties of rice, viz, Paddy Rice, Brown Rice, White Rice, Broken Rice, Parboiled Rice, Black Rice and Red Cargo Rice. Among the heavy elements arsenic, cadmium, iron, lead and mercury were analysed and the concentration of these elements was found within the value of tolerance. Results: The maximum concentration of all these elements was found below the limits set by NSU and the FDA. The essential elements, which were analyzed in all seven varieties of rice, include cobalt, magnesium, copper, selenium, manganese and zinc. Conclusion: All these elements were found in rice quantity, required for the normal metabolic activities of the body. The varieties of rice analyzed have essential element concentrations in a normal range.

Burnout Syndrome Among Critical Care Health Providers in Saudi Arabia.

Burnout Syndrome constitutes a critical concern in healthcare, particularly among practitioners operating in high-stress, critical care settings. Understanding the multifaceted factors contributing to burnout in this context is pivotal for devising effective interventions and promoting the well-being of critical care professionals. To investigate the prevalence, contributing factors, and potential interventions related to Burnout Syndrome among critical care health providers in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional research design was employed, gathering data from a sample of critical care health providers, including medical practitioners. A self-administered structured electronic questionnaire was used, incorporating the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) with its three subscales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. The target population was male and female critical care health providers over 18 years age, most participants lies between 25 years to 34 years. Statistical analysis shows significant disparities in response distribution (p<0.05), highlighting the importance of understanding encounters with emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, and depersonalization. The Durbin-Watson statistic indicated limited autocorrelation, and collinearity tolerance values suggested nominal intercorrelations among predictors. A significant positive correlation was found between the "Depersonalization Loss of Empathy MBI" factor and the outcome variables, indicating complex relationships between emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, and depersonalization. The study highlights the multifaceted nature of burnout, revealing intricate relationships between emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, and depersonalization. These findings collectively form an important foundation for future guidelines and interventions to enhance the well-being of healthcare professionals.

Menuju Keluarga yang Harmonis: Manajemen Konflik Politik dalam Keluarga di Tengah Perbedaan Pilihan Politik

Different political choices within households create interesting dynamics as well as potential conflicts. This phenomenon reflects the diversity of views and values within families. This research utilizes primary sources such as books, journals, and websites, covering diverse perspectives. Qualitative research type and descriptive-analytic method are used to describe and analyze the conflict. Two theoretical frameworks, social conflict and conflict management, were used for a more comprehensive understanding. The results show that family harmony is considered important as it contributes to the well-being of family members. Political conflicts in the family, especially related to the presidential and vice presidential elections, are complex and influenced by social media, identity, and emotional aspects. Solutions involve understanding, open communication, information checking, the value of tolerance, and an agreement to maintain privacy in political discussions. The role of parents is crucial in modeling good behavior. Analysis based on social conflict theory highlights the role of social media, identity and emotions in conflict. Identification of differences and poor communication exacerbate tensions. Conflict management provides guidance on solutions and steps to manage differences in political views in the family. Overall, this study shows that social conflict management can be applied in a family context to maintain harmony amidst differences in political choices. The proposed solutions involve understanding, open communication, information checking, the value of tolerance, and the role of parents as positive behavior models. Thus, family harmony can be maintained, creating a healthy and loving family environment.

UNVEILING THE DYNAMICS: EXPLORING POLICE TRAINEES FIELD TRAINING EXPERIENCES IN THE CORDILLERA REGION

The Field Training Program involved the experience and assignment in patrol, traffic, and investigation in the police stations as active observers and passive performers. With this, the study aimed to determine the experiences of the Philippine National Police Field Training Program trainees of Cordillera. Specifically, it investigated the learning experiences of the Field Training Program trainees in Investigation, Traffic, and Patrol and common problems encountered by FTP during their Field Training Program. A qualitative descriptive design was used for the inquiry. Data collection involved using an interview guide. 70 Police Trainees from the Cordillera Administrative Region Training Center. Most of the key informants stated that the major learnings they have acquired during their assignment at the Investigation unit include the proper way to accomplish the blotter entry and incident report form, the Basic Process of Crime Investigation, how to make basic investigation reports, and modes of filing criminal cases. On their duty at the Traffic Management Unit, the police trainees learned how to conduct traffic direction and control effectively. They learned the value or importance of courtesy, discipline, and maximum tolerance when directing, controlling, and managing traffic and how to engage the members of the community effectively. Another is that police trainees have learned the importance of police visibility relative to crime prevention. The common problems encountered by FTP trainees during their Field Training Program include Unclear and conflicting Instructions, lack of equipment for mobility in responding to police assistance or incidents, the lack of enhancement lectures and table tap exercises rendered to police trainees on OJT is another challenge encountered and Lack of Communication and Coordination among trainees.

Local Wisdom Values in Turun karai Tradition in Sibuluan Nalambok Village, Central Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province

The research entitled "Local Wisdom Values in the Turun Karai Tradition in Sibuluan Nalambok Village, Central Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province". The background of the Turun Karai tradition is to honor the birth of the Prophet Muhummad SAW. The purpose of this study is to find out how the implementation of the Turun Karai tradition and what local wisdom values are in this Turun Karai. The theory used in this research is the theory of tradition in Soebadio's thinking and the theory of local wisdom according to Widieharto, Prasetyo and Kumalasari's understanding where this theory is used to understand local wisdom and local wisdom values contained in the Turun Karai tradition. This research uses a qualitative method. The results of this study explain the procession of implementing the Turun Karai tradition and the local wisdom values that exist in the Turun Karai tradition. The procession is carried out when the baby is one month old and has several stages, namely the first stage of preparation, such as decorating the house, cooking food and filling dulang. The second stage is the implementation of turun karai, bringing the child to the mosque then lowering the child's feet for the first time, conducting a procession of bargaining flour, distributing itak-itak, naming the child, mambuekan the child, cutting the hair, and mangupa-upa. The last stage is distributing singgang ayam to all members of the recitation and the invited guests eat the food that has been served. Furthermore, there are local wisdom values in the Turun Karai tradition, namely religious values, gotong royong values, aesthetic values, moral values and tolerance values.

The role of teachers in developing multicultural education of religious tolerance in primary schools: literature study

This study aims to examine the role of teachers in developing tolerance among students. Tolerance is the ability to appreciate differences and resolve conflicts peacefully. Teachers have a very important role in shaping this attitude of tolerance through an inclusive learning approach, fostering universal values, and providing examples of tolerance behavior in everyday life. This research is a qualitative research with literature study. The subject and instrument of this research is the researcher himself by searching for relevant sources. Data were collected through content analysis which involved several steps, such as determining the problem, developing a framework, developing methodological tools, data analysis, and data interpretation. The research findings show that teachers who practice multicultural education-oriented learning approaches and integrate subject matter with tolerance values are able to have a significant impact in shaping students' tolerance attitudes. This multicultural education aims to appreciate and understand diversity in society.

Uncertainty evaluation of non-invasive multi-parameter detector measurements in quality assurance of diagnostic radiology.

To optimize the patient dose and image quality through quality assurance (QA) of diagnostic x-ray equipment and to ensure compliance with international and national standards in x-ray specification parameters, the use of contactless and quick non-invasive instruments has gained importance. Considering the importance of equipment qualification and the intervention level for equipment management, it is vital to account for uncertainties in the measurement of parameters in diagnostic radiology. However, the limits and measurement uncertainties associated with the parameter measurement are not well established and many technical and scientific literature provide different tolerance values, either as absolute or in terms of percentage. In this paper, the authors analyze non-invasive multi-parameter detector measurements with the aim to (i) improve the accuracy in measurement of x-ray parameters (kilovoltage, dose, and exposure time); (ii) estimate the uncertainty associated with such measurements; (iii) analyze the tolerance values prescribed by various professional and regulatory bodies and propose an improvised method of reporting the parameters. The approach adopted in this paper takes into account the uncertainties associated with traditional instruments and the subjectivity in the measurements. Estimated uncertainty for kV measurements in the range between 1.45 kV at 40 kV measurements and 4.88 kV at 150 kV measurements. The MU associated with the dose measurement is estimated to be 6.2% at 110 kVp, 100 mA, and 500 msec. Maximum MU estimated at 10 msec exposure time is 4.5% and with MU of 5% deviation added to 9.5%. The current practice of reporting the measured mean values deviation without considering the inherent measurement uncertainty may not be a correct quantification procedure in QA. This is evident from the case study that 3% addition to the measured kV, 6.2% addition in the measured dose, and 4.5% to the measured time accounts for measurement uncertainty.

LEGAL PROTECTION AND RESTORATIVE APPROACH IN HANDLING CHILDREN INVOLVED IN TERRORISM CRIMES IN INDONESIA

This study examines the implementation of restorative justice in handling children involved in terrorism crimes in Indonesia. Restorative justice, which focuses on rehabilitating and reintegrating individuals into society, is a relevant approach to rehabilitating children involved in criminal acts of terrorism. The concept also allows community and victim participation in the settlement process. The study uses normative legal and analytic philosophical approaches. Although restorative justice has the potential to handle terrorism cases involving children, its implementation still faces challenges and requires cooperation from various parties. The research emphasizes that restorative justice should be part of a broader strategy in protecting children from involvement in terrorism, involving effective education, early intervention, and support for families and communities vulnerable to extremist influences. This study also emphasizes that implementing restorative justice in the context of criminal acts of terrorism involving children poses significant challenges and requires cooperation between various parties, including the legal system, educational institutions, families, and communities. The research argues that restorative justice should be an integral part of a broader strategy that involves effective education about the values of peace and tolerance, early intervention to detect and prevent radicalization, and support for families and communities vulnerable to extremist influences.

Evaluating AAPM-TG-218 recommendations: Gamma index tolerance and action limits in IMRT and VMAT quality assurance using SunCHECK.

This study aimed to improve the safety and accuracy of radiotherapy by establishing tolerance (TL) and action (AL) limits for the gamma index in patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) using SunCHECK software, as per AAPM TG-218 report recommendations. The study included 125 patients divided into six groups by treatment regions (H&N, thoracic and pelvic) and techniques (VMAT, IMRT). SunCHECK was used to calculate the gamma passing rate (%GP) and dose error (%DE) for each patient, for the planning target volume and organs at risk (OARs). The TL and AL were then determined for each group according to TG-218 recommendations. We conducted a comprehensive analysis to compare %DE among different groups and examined the relationship between %GP and %DE. The TL and AL of all groups were more stringent than the common standard as defined by the TG218 report. The TL and AL values of the groups differed significantly, and the values for the thoracic groups were lower for both VMAT and IMRT. The %DE of the parameters D95%, D90%, and Dmean in the planning target volume, and Dmean and Dmax in OARs were significantly different. The dose deviation of VMAT was larger than IMRT, especially in the thoracic group. A %GP and %DE correlation analysis showed a strong correlation for the planning target volume, but a weak correlation for the OARs. Additionally, a significant correlation existed between %GP of SunCHECK and Delta4. The study established TL and AL values tailored to various anatomical regions and treatment techniques at our institution. Establishing PSQA workflows for VMAT and IMRT offers valuable clinical insights and guidance. We also suggest developing a standard combining clinically relevant metrics with %GP to evaluate PSQA results comprehensively.

Environmental impact assessment and conservation planning of a Middle‐Eastern River basin using a fish‐based tolerance index

AbstractThe tolerance of aquatic organisms to stressors is widely used to monitor and evaluate the condition of freshwater ecosystems. Tolerance values (TV) derived from analyses of the relationship between species and their environment are considered to be more objective than those that rely on expert opinion. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to derive a generalized stressor gradient based on physicochemical characteristics and physical habitat quality and structure. Scores of the first principal component axis (PC1) were used to estimate TV for 37 fish species collected from 54 sites in the Karun River basin, Iran. PCA of 17 variables identified stressors that were influential such as total phosphate, total nitrogen, total coliform, and habitat and morphological score. The species were separated into three categories on the stressor gradient: sensitive (18.9%), semi‐tolerant (48.6%), and tolerant species (32.4%). Based on these results we developed the Karun Fish Tolerance Index (KFTI) and demonstrated that it performed well in separating the least, moderate, and most disturbed sites in the study area. The discrimination efficiency of the KFTI was 82.5%, which makes it a robust management tool for the protection and conservation of streams and rivers in the Karun River watershed. TV developed here reflect objective characteristics of the sensitivity of fish species to the predominant stressors in the Karun and similar systems.

SISTEM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA DAN UPAYA MENBANGUN PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL YANG BERKARAKTER MULTIKULTURAL

Indonesia is a country that has a variety of cultures and customs attached to a variety of ethnicities, races, cultures and religions. So that a multicultural education is needed, namely education that respects differences, so as not to become a source of conflict and division. One of the important objectives of the concept of multicultural education is to help learners to acquire knowledge, and appreciate others of different ethnicities, cultures and personality values. Multicultural education has four values, namely: Equality Value, Tolerance Value, Democratic Value, and Pluralism Value. The above values have views that complement each other in responding to multiculturalism education. National Identity is a national personality or national identity, namely characteristics or characteristics, feelings or beliefs, culture or habits owned by a nation that distinguish one nation from another. Indonesia's national identity is pluralistic consisting of a fundamental identity, namely Pancasila, an instrumental identity, namely the 1945 Constitution.

Peran Tokoh Agama Dalam Meningkatkan Kerukunan Umat Beragama di Desa Metro Rejo Kecamatan Buay Madang Timur Kabupaten Oku Timur

This research is entitled "The Role of Religious Figures in Increasing Religious Harmony in Metro Rejo Village, East Buay Madang District, East Oku Regency." Researchers try to reveal the role of religious figures in increasing religious harmony. There are two problem formulations studied. First, what is the role of religious figures in increasing religious harmony? Second, what are the communication strategies of religious figures in increasing religious harmony? The samples in this research were Muslim and Hindu religious leaders as well as the Metro Rejo village head. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods, collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. In this research, persuasive communication strategy theory is used. The results of the research found that religious leaders had implemented ways of adapting and interacting without differentiating between the race, ethnicity and religion of the community. The role played by religious figures in increasing religious harmony is by directing each congregation to always remind us of God Almighty, giving advice and carrying out religious activities in accordance with their respective beliefs and must respect each other and uphold the value of tolerance. The communication strategy carried&#x0D; out by religious leaders is carrying out activities together, such as cleaning the village environment, creating village facilities and infrastructure and holding deliberations to open up new ideas or thoughts so that when viewed from the perspective of communication between religious communities in Metro Rejo village This communication interaction was successful. This is proven by the people who uphold inter-religious tolerance and always help others regardless of social status, be it a person's race, ethnicity, religion or culture.

Pendidikan Inklusif dalam Toleransi Beragama

The discussion on "Inclusive Education in Religious Tolerance" highlights the crucial role of education in shaping an inclusive society that values religious diversity. The concept of inclusive education not only provides an understanding of religious diversity but also instills values of tolerance, mutual respect, and cooperation among students from diverse religious backgrounds. An inclusive learning environment is considered a crucial factor in supporting the formation of character and the development of tolerant attitudes. The implementation of religious values in the context of inclusion, the role of teachers, and the development of inclusive curriculum are the main focus in achieving this goal.