Tolerance Values Research Articles

Pengaruh Politik Identitas dalam Kestabilan Ketatanegaraan di Indonesia

Identity politics is a rapidly growing phenomenon in the dynamics of Indonesian politics, where social identities such as religion, ethnicity, and race are used to gain support in elections. This phenomenon has the potential to cause polarization, division, and threats to national unity.This research focuses on analyzing the impact of identity politics on intergroup social relations, as well as how it can threaten national unity and political stability. The research method used is a literature review by analyzing sources such as books, journals, media articles, and regulations related to identity politics. This research also involves interviews with individuals directly involved to understand the impact of identity politics in society. The research results show that excessive identity politics can threaten diversity and exacerbate social tensions. Therefore, it is important to emphasize the values of tolerance and togetherness, and to encourage leaders to focus on vision and ideas rather than group identity.

The Formation Mechanism and Prevention of Campus Bullying Crime Psychology

The issue of juvenile campus bullying has always been a challenge for schools and families. The tolerance of violent behavior in society, lapses in school management, and deficiencies in family education can all lead to the unhealthy psychological development of students. To solve the problem of campus bullying, it requires the collective effort of all sectors of society to create a good learning and living environment for adolescents. Strengthening family education is the prerequisite; parents should establish correct educational concepts, learn to understand and respect their children. Schools should build comprehensive prevention and intervention mechanisms in line with students' developmental needs, thoroughly explore the formation and prevention mechanisms of campus bullying crime psychology, promptly identify and properly handle bullying incidents, and regularly conduct psychological education to enhance students' psychological resilience and ability to cope with setbacks. Society should also pay attention to the psychological health of adolescents, create a positive cultural atmosphere, advocate values of tolerance and respect, reduce the negative impact on adolescents, thus curbing the spread of campus bullying and safeguarding the healthy growth of minors.

Perkembangan Agama Islam di Indonesia Pasca Kemerdekaan

This study aims to determine the development of Islam in Indonesia after independence shows significant dynamics. Since Indonesia's independence in 1945, Islam has undergone transformation in social, political, and cultural aspects. According to data from the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia, the number of Muslims in Indonesia is estimated to reach 227 million in 2021, making it the country with the largest Muslim population in the world. One important finding is the strengthening of the role of Islamic organizations in social and political life. Organizations such as Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah play a key role in spreading moderate and tolerant Islamic values. NU, for example, has contributed to the development of education and social in various regions, while Muhammadiyah is active in the fields of health and education. Statistics show that more than 30 million NU members and around 29 million Muhammadiyah members are involved in various social and humanitarian activities.

Combining GWAS and RNA-Seq approaches identifies the FtADH1 gene for drought resistance in Tartary buckwheat

Drought is one of the major environmental constraints that significantly affects seedling emergence, yield, and quality of Tartary buckwheat, thereby hindering the development of its industry. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying drought tolerance genes in Tartary buckwheat remain largely unexplored. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), one of the essential plant proteins, plays a crucial role in growth, development, and stress responses, but its specific role in drought resistance is still unclear. In this study, we identified an ADH gene FtADH1, using a membership function value of drought tolerance (MFVD) combined with a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and transcriptomic profiles that confers drought tolerance in Tartary buckwheat. Our findings demonstrated that the overexpression of FtADH1 in Arabidopsis and Tartary buckwheat hairy roots enhances drought tolerance by promoting root elongation and mitigating elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our findings demonstrated that FtADH1 can enhanced tolerance to drought stresses in both Tartary buckwheat and Arabidopsis. This study identifies the FtADH1 as a new player in affecting ROS level and the stress response of Tartary buckwheat by regulating protective enzyme activities at a high level to scavenge ROS and modulating root growth under drought stress. Further, we identified proteins interacting with FtADH1 through a prokaryotic expression pull-down assay combined with mass spectrometry, revealing that FtADH1 specifically interacts with the S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) synthetase protein, FtSAMS1. Overexpression of FtSAMS1 was found to enhance ADH enzymatic activity, leading to increased SAM content in overexpressing Tartary buckwheat hairy roots under water-deficit conditions. Additionally, FtSAMS1 overexpression induced a drought-resistant phenotype in Arabidopsis and Tartary buckwheat hairy roots under drought stress, revealing the biological function of FtADH1. Evolutionary analysis indicates that ADH1 in Fagopyrum species has undergone significant evolutionary events, including duplication and purifying selection, which may contribute to functional diversification and adaptive advantages such as drought resistance in cultivated buckwheat. In summary, this study proposes that FtADH1 is a key contributor to drought tolerance, and its interaction with FtSAMS1 holds potential for the development of drought-resistant varieties in Tartary buckwheat and its relative species.

Ekstrimisme Aturan Sosial Masyarakat Arab Pra Islam Ditinjau dari Nilai Moderat dan Toleransi

This research is motivated by the system of social rules implemented by pre-Islamic Arab society. These social rules trigger problems in terms of gender equality and tolerance between humans. Even at that time, it was very easy to find practices of violence and war. All the problems that occurred were completely inconsistent with Islamic teachings, because they included inhumane acts. Based on this problem, pre-Islamic Arab society was known as a jahiliyah society. However, in today's advanced era, problems are still found that are similar to the pre-Islamic Arab era. Based on these circumstances, this article aims to explain a number of extremism problems originating from the inhumane social rules of pre-Islamic Arab society in terms of the values ​​of moderation and tolerance of Islamic teachings and the current reality. The method used is literature study for the pre-Islamic Arab period and direct observation of the social reality of today's society. The findings are first, insulting women and the practice of killing newborn female babies as well as slavery are considered immoderate and inhumane acts. Second, the habit of war extremism which was often carried out in pre-Islamic Arab society because of minor disputes between tribes, and was supported by the tribal fanaticism of society. Third, marriage practices and divorce provisions that were wrong and detrimental to women were carried out during the pre-Islamic Arab period. Fourth, the social reality of today's society still bears similarities to the pre-Islamic Arab period, which is caused by the lifestyle and application of Islamic teachings which are not optimal.

FOSTERING TOLERANCE THROUGH RELIGIOUS MODERATION: STRATEGIES IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION

Abstract: The development of the globalization era, marked by social diversity and the spread of foreign ideologies, has made religious moderation an urgent necessity in the education system. This study aims to identify the strategies employed by teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Kencong to instill values of tolerance and moderation in students, particularly in a context with diverse religious, cultural, and social backgrounds. The research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving teachers and students in Islamic Religious Education. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman (1994) method, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that instilling values of tolerance and moderation through innovative methods such as group discussions and simulations successfully enhances students' empathy toward differences. The integration of materials in the PPKn and Indonesian language curricula, along with parental and community involvement, also contributes to the improvement of tolerance attitudes. Academic recommendations from this study include the development of specialized learning modules focusing on values of tolerance and moderation to further strengthen students' character in a diverse society.

Social Value in Social Activities of Banjar and Arab Communities in Pekauman Ulu Village

Social Values are a benchmark for assessing a person's or society's attitudes which are believed to be something that is considered good. There are various kinds of social values, both in daily life and in community activities. Pekauman Ulu Village is a village located in East Martapura District, Banjar Regency, it is a village in which there are various kinds of communities, such as the Banjar community and the Arab community. The Banjar and Arab communities certainly have differences in terms of habits, race and culture. These differences make the Banjar and Arab communities respect each other and value each other, from these differences the social activities that occur in Pekauman Ulu village are created. These activities, such as weddings, matrimonial recitations and social gatherings, from the activities that occur in Pekauman Ulu village give rise to social values, namely the value of cooperation, the value of tolerance, the value of helping each other and also the value of harmony between communities.

Tolerance as a Founding Value of World Peace

Societies today have a heightened awareness of their unity and the way in which each individual depends on the other in indispensable solidarity; however, within these societies bitter political, social, economic, racial and ideological disputes persist and with them the danger of a war that could jeopardize world peace. It is in this context that tolerance emerges as a fundamental ethical priority for building and maintaining peace in the world. Tolerance, therefore, does not imply neutrality of thought, on the contrary, each group has space to present their points of view and experiences for everyone's co-reflection, and everyone is asked to respect the essential norms to the functioning of pluralism. The advocacy of tolerance represents a project of emancipation and is based on the strength of human reason. The objective of this thematic proposal is to reflect on the mystery of man and the meaning of his social being through the prism of considering the moral value of tolerance in the political-democratic order and in social coexistence. Democracy, whose assumptions are condensed in the production of consensus in relation to the good of political life and the experience of citizenship, must recognize that social pluralism poses challenges to the idea of tolerance based on the ontology of the person. For a proper approach to the topic in question, which involve a triple joint: 1) The problem of intolerant democracies today; 2) Social pluralism and public security, and 3) Tolerance and world peace, priority will be given to the method of reviewing the vast and rich literature that discusses the subject in question. In conclusion, the study puts forward the thesis that in the face of various existential scenarios that negatively mark the recent history of many peoples and nations - such is the case of violent extremism in the world, electoral offenses and, consequently, barbaric demonstrations post-elections, the human-environment relationship - the moral value of tolerance continues to be an important factor in building world peace and must therefore be cultivated by everyone.

Strategi Penguatan Moderasi Beragama Melalui Kegiatan Festival Anak Sholeh di Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Beringin

Religious moderation is the most important key in maintaining harmony and harmony in a diverse society to prevent radicalism. Religious moderation and tolerance are two different and different things. Religious moderation is a path that consists of several stages that must be passed, while tolerance is the result of the stages that have been passed before. From religious moderation, an attitude of tolerance will be formed between fellow human beings, so that harmony between religious communities will be created which will later function to strengthen the unity and unity of the Indonesia nation. Humans are required to interact to meet their needs in society. Relations between religious people are based on the principle of good brotherhood, working together to face enemies and defending those who suffer. Religious harmony is needed in establishing good relationships in community life. In this context, it is discussed that this research is an inculcation of the value of tolerance between religious communities.

Multicultural Islamic Religious Education Learning to Build Religious Harmony

This research analyzes the Multicultural Islamic Religious Education Learning (MIREL) at SMKN 1 Poso in building religious harmony as a conflict resolution. Conflict socio-religious become a critical problem regarding diversity in schools and society. Meanwhile, Islamic religious education provided in schools does not prioritize a multicultural perspective, which includes the practices of different religions and other cultures. This study uses qualitative field research with a case study approach and data analysis, according to Miles and Huberman. Results show that this school carries out the MIREL formally-textual and informally-textual. Learning formally-textual is held through three stages. At the beginning stage, teachers contextualize the values of example and self-control through exemplary stories from the prophets. In the main stage, the teachers integrate the values of tolerance, harmony, democracy, unity, concern, and justice by presenting material that includes faith, morals, jurisprudence, and the history of Islamic culture. Teachers instill multicultural values of cooperation and responsibility in the closing stage by assigning group tasks. The school holds informally textual learning through the Religious Saturday program collaboration in cross-cultural, socio-religious, and humanitarian activities. This research has implications for strengthening the MIREL in schools to build sustainable religious harmony among students and society in the post-conflict area.

Risk sharing framework and systemic tolerance in Indian banks: Double layer network approach

Interconnectedness spreads systemic risk and is critical in enhancing banks’ systemic tolerance through interbank liquidity and lines of credit. Literature on systemic risk has not considered the importance of interconnectedness in providing liquidity to improve banks’ systemic tolerance. As a bank’s resistivity towards systemic disruption depends on its tolerance, the current article develops a model to measure the systemic tolerance of individual banks in a two-layer interbank network using ΔCoVaR. It estimates systemic tolerance distance through a risk-sharing framework and analyzes the significance of macroeconomic and bank-specific factors in explaining systemic tolerance. The results support that systemic tolerance values are higher during the down-cycle than the up-cycle, signaling the importance of interconnectedness in protecting against systemic crises. The empirics further substantiate that risk-sharing distance is lower, and structure is complex with clusters during economic down-cycle. This highlights that banks couple with each other during stressful environments and empirically validate the importance of interbank and lines of credit in enhancing systemic tolerance and, therefore, possess the regulator to develop a robust interbank market through regulatory guidelines.

The Role of Religious Education in Dealing with the Issue of Radicalization among Students

Radicalization has become a serious threat in the world of education, especially among students who are in the developing stage of self-identity search, where curiosity and emotional instability make them vulnerable to the influence of radical ideology. Religious education, in this context, plays a central role in shaping students' character by instilling values of moderation, tolerance, and respect for diversity. This study aims to explore the role of religious education in preventing radicalization, using a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through in-depth observation and interviews involving teachers, students, principals, and parents. The focus of the research is on the implementation of religious moderation values in schools as an effort to build students' critical attitudes towards extremist ideologies. The results of the study show that inclusive, interactive, and collaborative teaching approaches in religious education, both in the classroom and by involving the external community, play an important role in fostering tolerant characters and being able to reject radical narratives. The study highlights the importance of collaboration between schools and families, as well as the need for digital literacy education to strengthen students' resilience to exposure to extremist content on social media. The implications of this study include the need to integrate materials relevant to actual issues in the religious education curriculum, as well as the development of community-based educational programs that involve families and communities as additional bulwarks of protection for students.

Fostering the Value of Religious Tolerance among Students through the Development of Potential Issues

Religious tolerance is a global priority amidst diverse beliefs and interests. This research explores potential issues in student religious tolerance for educational stakeholders. The study uses a qualitative bibliometric approach with descriptive data analysis. Findings indicate an increasing but modest trend in religious tolerance research over the past 14 years (2010-2024), peaking in 2023 with 65 articles. Electronic journals (e-journals) are the largest source of such research, with 150 publications. Four productive researchers from Jambi University produced two publications: Arizal Dwi Kurniawan, Nur Aini, Marlina Susanti, and Anisa Andrian. The study identifies several potential future research areas in student religious tolerance, including religion, mutual respect, analysis, tolerance, character education, data, institutions, teachers, Islamic religion, literature review, Islamic education, school, challenges, literacy, strategy, teacher, multicultural Islamic education, student ability, integration, multicultural education, society, tolerance, literature study, child, and concept.

OPTIMALISASI PENGUATAN NILAI-NILAI MODERASI BERAGAMA MELALUI AKSI GOTONG ROYONG MENYAMBUT HUT RI KE 79 DI DESA TARUSAN DANUM

KKN Nusantara Religious Moderation is a priority program of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia which was initiated through collaboration with various universities in Indonesia, in order to maximize the value of tolerance in society. KKN Nusantara Religious Moderation in 2024 was implemented in Central Kalimantan, precisely in Katingan Regency, by sending 12 groups to different villages with programs that could foster an attitude of tolerance in society. The purpose of KKN NMB is to build a commitment to community understanding related to the values ​​of religious moderation within the framework of Bhineka Tunggal Ika. The KKN NMB community service method uses the PAR Participatory Action Research type or community participation action research in Tewang Rangkang Village. The results of the NMB KKN activities show that the strengthening of the values ​​of religious moderation in the Tarusan Danum Village community on a scale of change is slightly better than before the arrival of the NMB KKN, especially through mutual cooperation actions to enliven the 79th Anniversary of the Republic of Indonesia. As for community participation towards being pro-active again with a commitment in each respective place of worship (Islam, Christianity and Hinduism) willing to carry out and implement the values ​​of religious moderation. Thus, the realization of the priority program of the Ministry of Religion together with PTK Nusantara is able to have a massive and sustainable impact on society

Assessment of land degradation susceptibility within the Shaqlawa subregion of Northern Iraq-Kurdistan Region via synergistic application of remotely acquired datasets and advanced predictive models.

Land degradation (LD) is the decline in a land's functional capacity and productive potential, which includes various anthropogenic and natural drivers. This study focuses on three primary manifestations of LD including soil erosion, landslides, and rockfalls, which are the most prevalent in the Shaqlawa district. A set of 22 LD conditioning factors, encompassing curvature, lithology, aspect, river density, soil type, lineament density, river distance, elevation, road distance, length slope (LS), land use land cover (LULC), stream power index (SPI), valley depth, profile curvature, slope, solar radiation, road density, lineament distance, rainfall, topographic wetness index (TWI), plan curvature, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), were integrated into the analysis. Variance inflation factors (VIF) and tolerance (TOL) values from linear regression indicate that most LD factors have acceptable levels of multicollinearity. The Information Gain Ratio (IGR) identified key variables TWI, NDVI, and lithology-as pivotal factors for predicting LD. Additionally, the study evaluated degradation factors using various machine learning (ML) algorithms, including random forest (RF), Naive Bayes, logistic regression, rotation forest, forest penalized attributes (FPA), and Fisher's Linear discriminant analysis (FLDA). This facilitated categorizing the study area into five susceptibility categories. The FLDA model categorized the highest area under very high degradation risk at 26.72%, emphasizing the varied insights each algorithm brought to characterizing the degradation risk. Additionally, the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were employed for model validation, identifying RF as the most successful model in the training dataset with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.882, while FLDA outperformed in the testing dataset with an AUC of 0.883. The identified LD-prone areas will help land-use planners and emergency management officials apply effective mitigation strategies for similar terrains.

Genotype-by-Trait (GT) biplot analysis and ranking of rice genotypes in salinity stress conditions

Estimation of plant tolerance values for agronomic traits, in addition to being genetically influenced, can also be influenced by the plant’s growing environment. Effective screening at the generative stage can only be carried out on land directly affected by salinity. However, the challenge lies in the fact that salinity levels vary widely on farmers’ land and are difficult to predict. The GT biplot analysis is a statistical method used in plant breeding to evaluate the performance of different genotypes based on various supporting traits. e three groups of biplots used are genotype by trait evaluation, genotype ranking analysis, and mega-environment analysis. There were differences in genotype responses based on yield component variables in each experimental environment. IRRI-IL12 and IRRI-IL09 are stable salinity-tolerant rice genotypes. IRRI-IL07 and IRRI-IL16 are adaptive in the optimum environment (L1), IRRI-IL07 and IRRI-IL10 are adaptive in the greenhouse salinity environment (L2), and IRRI-IL13 is adaptive in the salinated intrusion (L3).

Diagnosis and management of work related musculoskeletal disorders as occupational diseases in Germany

This article introduces the occupational disease diagnosis of work-related musculoskeletal disorders such as lumbar and spinal injuries in Germany, and focuses on the research and standard values of the maximum pressure tolerance of intervertebral discs. This article mainly introduces the dose model limits and their applications proposed by the Mainz Dortmund Dosis model (MDD), the judgment of the German Social Court (Bundessozialgericht, BSG), and the German Spinal Research Re evaluation (Deutsche Wirbels ulentudieⅡ, DWSⅡ) ; X-ray manifestations and measurements of intervertebral disc injury; Problems in actual cases and diagnosis. In order to provide reference and inspiration for the occupational diseases diagnosis of work related musculoskeletal disorders in China.

Assessment of soil erosion risk and vulnerability in the transboundary Sio-Malaba-Malakisi watershed in Kenya and Uganda

Persistent soil erosion poses a significant threat to water quality, ecosystem viability and soil health in many regions of the world. Addressing this challenge requires a comprehensive understanding of local soil erosion rates, including the identification of vulnerable areas, to facilitate effective and integrated environmental management. In East Africa, however, many affected regions are data poor and lack measured hydrological data from which soil erosion estimates can be derived. This study used the physically based Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model to estimate the annual rate of soil erosion in the transboundary Sio-Malaba-Malakisi catchment, straddling Kenya and Uganda. Soil erosion events were quantified by integrating input factors derived from physical datasets using a Geographical Information System (GIS). The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was then used to assess the importance of selected physical factors influencing the soil erosion process in order to identify regions of increasing environmental vulnerability. The results obtained indicate a wide range of soil erosion rates across the region, with an estimated mean annual rate of 250 t ha−1 yr−1 for the whole catchment. Upstream areas characterized by intensive agricultural activity had erosion rates of up to 2000 t ha−1 yr−1, while downstream areas recorded erosion rates below 600 t ha−1 yr−1. Areas with intensive agriculture, unprotected soils, and a soil loss tolerance value above 12 t ha−1 yr−1 were found to be most vulnerable. Rainfall and vegetation cover were identified as key factors influencing erosion susceptibility. Regions with soil erosion rates above 50 t ha−1 yr−1 were identified as high priority regions for targeted soil and water conservation measures. The identification of vulnerability zones, including the classification of their severity, provides an opportunity to prioritize sustainable environmental management interventions; a process that can be replicated for such affected regions elsewhere.

Oxygen reserve index vs. peripheral oxygen saturation for the prediction of hypoxemia in morbidly obese patients: a prospective observational study

BackgroundPulse oximetry is a standart of anesthesia for perioperative monitoring. Due to the principles of Hb oxygen dissociation curve, peripheral oxygen saturation has an approximate sensitivity and specificity of 90% for the detection of hypoxemia.ObjectivesThe primary outcome of the study was to evaluate ORiⓇ as an early parameter to determine hypoxia in morbidly obese patients. The secondary outcome was to compare the effectiveness of ORiⓇ with SpO2 in non-obese patients.DesignProspective, observational study.SettingDepartment of elective operating room at tertiary hospital.Patients and methodsObservational study included written informed consent from 51 patients with 19 < BMI < 25 kg/m2 and 51 patients with BMI > 40 kg/m2 undergoing an elective surgery requiring tracheal intubation. In addition to standard monitors, an ORi sensor was placed and baseline values were recorded. The patients were preoxygenated until end tidal expiratory oxygen concentration is reached to 90%. After anesthesia induction and tracheal intubation, the breathing circuit was not connected tracheal tube until the SpO2 decreased to 95%. Shapiro-Wilk, Pearson Chi-square, t-test, and Mann Whitney U test were used for the study.Main outcome measuresTimes of tolerable apnea, ORiⓇ and SpO2 values at the end of preoxygenation, beginning of intubation, beginning of the ORi alarm, when SpO2 reached 95%, and when ORi reaches a plateau.Sample size102 patients.ResultsThe alert period: time to reach ORiⓇ from 0.24 to a value of 95% SpO2 was observed as 32 s in morbidly obese patients and 94 s in patients with a normal body mass index. The SpO2 alert period was determined as time difference between 97% and 95% SpO2. The data were recorded as 15 s and 36 s, respectively. It was observed that tolerable apnea, ORiⓇ, SpO2 and added alert times were longer in patients with normal BMI compared to morbidly obese patients.ConclusionsAs a result, ORiⓇ can provide an early warning to prevent unexpected hypoxia before saturation begins to decrease in morbidly obese patients.LimitationsInability to perform arterial blood gas sampling in the time periods when we looked at the parameters to determine the relationship between ORiⓇ and PaO2.Clinical trials. gov identifierNCT05480748 registered 2022-07-29.

Inclusive Communities Through Religious Moderation Villages: Study of Literature

Religious moderation is a concept that seeks to promote values of tolerance, affection, and inclusion among different believers in a society. This article aims to explain important aspects of modern society, as it encourages tolerance, respects diversity, and creates an environment that recognizes and respects religious diversity and provides equal opportunities for all individuals without any discrimination based on religion. The method used is the study of literature on the key topics of “religious moderation,” “inclusive society,” and “reliance freedom.” From regular studies, it has been found that inclusive societies, governments, religious institutions, educational institutions, and individuals have a responsibility to participate in efforts to promote religious moderation and build inclusive society. One of the steps that can be taken to form an inclusive society is the implementation of inclusive education approaches, interfaith dialogue, and cross-religious collaborative activities, which can help create societies that respect religious diversity, give equal opportunities to all individuals, and create a prosperous social order. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the need for cooperation to strengthen religious moderation and create an inclusive society based on the principles of solidarity, understanding, and mutual respect in order to disseminate moderate religious education by blending religious principles with universal human values. Keywords: religious moderation, inclusive society, religious education, government policy, digital literacy