Propagation Time Research Articles

Using Poisson’s ratio and acoustic anisotropy parameter to assess damage and accumulated plastic strain during fatigue loading of austenitic steel

The work investigated the effect of fatigue failure on the elastic characteristics of metastable austenitic steel AISI 321: Poisson’s ratio and acoustic anisotropy parameter. The elastic characteristics were calculated using ultrasonic measurements of the propagation time of longitudinal and shear elastic waves. The volume fraction of strain-induced martensite was determined by the eddy current method. Theoretical studies have shown that the main factors influencing Poisson’s ratio are the accumulation of microdamages and changes in phase composition. The change in the acoustic anisotropy parameter is associated with the influence of cyclic deformation on the crystallographic texture of the material matrix and the formation of oriented crystals of strain-induced martensite. Based on the analysis of experimental results, expressions were obtained for calculating damage and relative accumulated plastic deformation based on acoustic measurement data, which are widely used in engineering practice to determine the fatigue life of structural materials.

Producción de beauveria bassiana para la formulación de bioplaguicidas

The harmful effects of chemicals in conventional agriculture and the growing demand for food free of toxic residues has developed environmentally sustainable strategies. An effective alternative for integrated pest management in agricultural crops are biopesticides formulated with microorganic structures or from the production of active compounds. This paper describes the production processes of Beauveria bassiana for formulating biopesticides for agricultural use. The information was collected through a systematic search in Research Gate, Google Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed, using keywords such as production, Beauveria bassiana, solid fermentation, liquid fermentation and metabolites. The results affirm that B. bassiana is one of the microorganisms with great potential to produce biopesticides, due to the entomopathogenic mechanism of action and secondary metabolites, which can be used for the biological control of phytophagous insects. Likewise, for the formulation of B. bassiana it should be considered a profitable culture medium for large-scale production, also the control of environmental variables such as temperature at 25 oC, relative humidity 65-70 %, pH of 5.4, propagation time between 4 to 8 days, and for the liquid fermentation process, a constant agitation between 200 to 400 rpm must be maintained. Biological products represent an alternative to minimize the use of synthetic pesticides, reduce environmental pollution and ensure food safety and security.

Formal verification of timely knowledge propagation in airborne networks

Ensuring timely coordination between autonomous aircraft is a challenging problem in decentralized air traffic management (ATM) applications for urban air mobility (UAM) scenarios. This paper presents an approach for formally guaranteeing timely progress in a Two-Phase Acknowledge distributed knowledge propagation protocol by probabilistically modeling the delays using the theory of the Multicopy Two-Hop Relay protocol and the M/M/1 queue system. The guarantee states a probabilistic upper bound to the time for progress as a function of the probabilities of the total transmission and processing delays following two specific distributions. The proof uses a general library of formal theories, that can be used for the rigorous mechanical verification of autonomous aircraft coordination protocols using the Athena proof checker and assistant.

GRACE based groundwater drought evaluation of Ganga Basin and analysis of drought propagation using wavelet based quantitative approach

The Ganga River Basin which is the home of almost half a billion people have plunged into groundwater drought due to anthropogenic activities. Hence groundwater drought assessment and its propagation from the meteorological drought is highly required for the Ganga River Basin. This paper focuses on the evaluation of historical groundwater drought using Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) dataset, further to obtain the drought propagation times. Traditionally the drought propagation time is obtained from the correlation between groundwater drought time series and various scales of meteorological time series. However, the GRACE-derived groundwater drought index (GGDI) showed lesser correlation with the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) / Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) due to the presence of consistent trend in the GGDI series. Hence, a novel quantitative approach using Cross Wavelet Transform (XWT) is introduced to determine the drought propagation time which can devoid of the contribution of anthropogenic activities. Extracting the significant power area of XWT of GGDI with SPI/SPEI of different scales led to the determination of groundwater drought propagation time. The results showed Groundwater Storage Anomaly (GWSA) has a steep downtrend for Upper Gangetic Basin (UGB) (−26.2 mm/year) and Yamuna Chambal Basin (YCB) (−21.8 mm/year). It was observed that UGB and YCB faced groundwater drought from 2017 to 2022. The wavelet analysis showed that the drought propagation time of YCB is 14 months, UGB is 17 months, and the Lower Gangetic Basin (LGB) is 21 months. The frequency domain analysis of the drought signals suggested YCB had a faster response to the meteorological forcing, and LGB had the slowest response.

Spatial Markov matrices for measuring the spatial dependencies of an epidemiological spread : case Covid’19 Madagascar

BackgroundThis article applies a variant of the Markov chain that explicitly incorporates spatial effects. It is an extension of the Markov class allowing a more complete analysis of the spatial dimensions of transition dynamics. The aim is to provide a methodology for applying the explicit model to spatial dependency analysis.MethodsHere, the question is to study and quantify whether neighborhood context affects transitional dynamics. Rather than estimating a homogeneous law, the model requires the estimation of k transition laws each dependent on spatial neighbor state. This article used published data on confirmed cases of Covid’19 in the 22 regions of Madagascar. These data were discretized to obtain a discrete state of propagation intensity.ResultsThe analysis gave us the transition probabilities between Covid’19 intensity states knowing the context of neighboring regions, and the propagation time laws knowing the spatial contexts. The results showed that neighboring regions had an effect on the propagation of Covid’19 in Madagascar.ConclusionAfter analysis, we can say that there is spatial dependency according to these spatial transition matrices.

Accelerated Atmospheric to Hydrological Spread of Drought in the Yangtze River Basin under Climate

Persistent droughts pose a threat to agricultural production, and the changing environment worsens the risk of drought exposure. Understanding the propagation of drought in changing environments and assessing possible impact factors can help in the early detection of drought, guiding agricultural production practices. The current study cannot reflect the propagation status of drought to the total terrestrial hydrological drought, so this work creatively investigated the atmospheric to hydrological drought propagation time in the Yangtze River Basin under the dynamic and static perspectives based on the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index and the Terrestrial Water Storage Anomalous Drought Index, fine-tuned the time scale to the seasonal scale, and explored the contributing capacity of the variable interactions. The results show that: (1) under the dynamic perspective, while the propagation time is decreasing in the annual scale, the spring season shows the opposite trend; and (2) large variability exists in the timing of drought propagation at spatial scales, with elevation playing the most important influential role, and bivariate interactions contributing stronger explanations compared to single variables. This study highlights the importance of considering the impact of variable interactions and contributes to our understanding of the response of secondary droughts to upper-level droughts, providing valuable insights into the propagation of droughts to total terrestrial hydrologic drought.

Attaining Tailored Wicking Behavior with Additive Manufacturing.

Additive manufacturing (AM) has opened a new pathway to create customized wicking materials. With lower manufacturing costs and a larger design space than many alternatives for wicking, AM is of particular value in fields such as thermal management and microfluidics. Fluid propagation during wicking in porous media, however, has largely remained limited to Washburnian () behavior, and optimizing these materials for wicking in a variety of use cases presents a challenge. In this work, we present a method of tailoring wicking behavior to an arbitrary target function of propagation distance versus time, achieved through the use of AM to create nonuniform porous materials. Layers of parallel lines, each successive layer rotated 90° from the last, form a gridded structure with a spatially varying unit cell size for which analytical models for the capillary pressure and solid fraction and a semianalytical model for permeability were found. These models were validated with capillary rise experiments for spatially uniform porous materials over a range of solid fractions from 0.4 to 0.9. Leveraging these models and representing a nonuniform porous material as a series of Ohmic fluidic resistors, we created an inverse design algorithm that generates a wicking material with spatially varying parameters to achieve a specified target function for fluid propagation as a function of time. These materials can exhibit atypical wicking behavior, including fluid propagation displaying simple linear and piecewise linear relationships with time rather than the conventional Washburn relationship.

The influence of diabetes on sleep-derived cardiorespiratory features of the finger pulse wave signal – The population-based SCAPIS study

Study objectivesAdvanced signal processing of photoplethysmographic data enables novel analyses which may improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of dysglycemia associated with sleep disorders. We aimed to identify sleep-related pulse wave characteristics in diabetic patients compared to normoglycemic individuals, independent of cardiovascular-related comorbidities. MethodsThis cross-sectional evaluation of the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) included overnight oximetry-derived pulse wave data from 3997 subjects (45 % males, age 50–64 years). Metabolic status was classified as normoglycemic (n = 3220), pre-diabetic (n = 544), or diabetic (n = 233). Nine validated pulse wave features proposed to influence cardiovascular risk were derived and compared between metabolic status groups. Logistic prediction models and genetic matching were applied to capture diabetes-related pulse wave characteristics during sleep. The model was controlled for anthropometrics, lifestyle, sleep apnea, and in the final adjustment even for cardiometabolic factors like dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and coronary artery calcification. ResultsPulse wave-derived parameters differed between normoglycemic and diabetic individuals in eight dimensions in unadjusted as well as in the partially adjusted model (anthropometric factors and sleep apnea, p ≤ 0.001). All covariates confirmed significant differences between normoglycemic and diabetic subjects (all p ≤ 0.001). Reduced cardio-respiratory coupling (respiratory-related pulse oscillations) (β = −0.010, p = 0.012), as well as increased vascular stiffness (shortened pulse propagation time (β = −0.015, p = 0.001), were independently associated with diabetes even when controlled for cardiometabolic factors. These results were confirmed through a matched cohort comparative analysis. ConclusionsPhotoplethysmographic pulse wave analysis during sleep can be utilized to capture multiple features of modified autonomic regulation and cardiovascular consequences in diabetic subjects. Dampened heart rate variability and increased vascular stiffness during sleep showed the strongest associations with diabetes.

Damage behavior of the surrounding medium caused by different blast-induced dynamic and static loadings

The combination of the dynamic action of explosion stress wave and the static action of explosion gas expansion is what primarily drives rock-breaking blasting, and their different intensities lead to different blasting effects. Therefore, experiments were conducted to explore the damage behaviour of the surrounding medium caused by different blast-induced dynamic and static loadings using digital laser Schlieren and digital laser dynamic caustic systems. The results were as follows: In the air medium, when the explosives detonated, TATP (triacetone triperoxide) had the strongest quasi-static effect, and the highest velocity explosion shock wave and products compared with those of NHN (nickel hydrazine nitrate) and DDNP (diazodinitrophenol). Part of the TATP explosion product was ahead of the shock wave front, whereas for NHN and DDNP, their explosion products were behind the propagation of the shock wave front. The highest pressure peak of TATP was the result of the combined action of the shock wave and explosion product impacting the sensor. In the solid medium, NHN, the explosive with the strongest dynamic load, had the strongest stress wave and highest stress intensity factor peak of the main crack. The velocity reached the peak value at the early stage of propagation, and the dynamic action had a dominant effect on the cracking of the crack; the stronger the dynamic action, the higher the crack initiation energy. The stress intensity factor and propagation rate of the main crack of TATP with the strongest quasi-static effect decreased slower than those of the other explosives; therefore, the main crack propagation time and length were the longest. After cracking, the quasi-static effect dominated the process of crack propagation, where the stronger the quasi-static effect, the longer duration of the driving force of crack propagation. The research results provide a basis for customising explosives for different functions in practical engineering and realising the fine and efficient utilisation of explosion energy.

The Analysis and Research of the Integrated, 30 A MOSFET Gate Driver Dedicated to High-Frequency Applications

This paper presents basic properties and laboratory tests of a commercial integrated high-frequency MOSFET gate driver IXRFD631 operating in the frequency range up to 30 MHz. The MOSFET driver has been tested for two operating states: in the idle state (no load) and at the gate load of a DE275-501N16A series MOSFET transistors. The obtained laboratory results were compared with three other commercial integrated drivers: DEIC420, DEIC515 and IXRFD630 (which are the base structures), and two previous solutions from the author (4xUCC27516 and 8xUCC27526). Additionally, this paper presents the characteristics of power losses and efficiency, measurements of switching and propagation times of the tested gate drivers. Also, this paper presents the output voltage waveforms of the integrated driver IXRFD631 for two operating states. The integrated circuit IXRFD631 of the gate driver is characterized by an efficiency of up to 70% for the tested frequency range, the power losses for two operating states (at idle state—15 W, at gate MOSFET load—43 W) and switching times of 2 ns for an operating frequency of 30 MHz.

Multifractal characterization of meteorological to agricultural drought propagation over India

Agricultural drought affects the regional food security and thus understanding how meteorological drought propagates to agricultural drought is crucial. This study examines the temporal scaling trends of meteorological and agricultural drought data over 34 Indian meteorological sub-divisions from 1981 to 2020. A maximum Pearson's correlation coefficient (MPCC) derived between multiscale Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and monthly Standardised Soil Moisture Index (SSMI) time series was used to assess the seasonal as well as annual drought propagation time (DPT). The multifractal characteristics of the SPI time series at a time scale chosen from propagation analysis as well as the SSMI-1 time series were further examined using Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MF-DFA). Results reveal longer average annual DPT in arid and semi-arid regions like Saurashtra and Kutch (~ 6 months), Madhya Maharashtra (~ 5 months), and Western Rajasthan (~ 6 months), whereas, humid regions like Arunachal Pradesh, Assam and Meghalaya, and Kerala exhibit shorter DPT (~ 2 months). The Hurst Index values greater/less than 0.5 indicates the existence of long/short-term persistence (LTP/STP) in the SPI and SSMI time series. The results of our study highlights the inherent connection among drought propagation time, multifractality, and regional climate variations, and offers insights to enhance drought prediction systems in India.

QRCODE: Massively parallelized real-time time-dependent density functional theory for periodic systems

We present a new software module, QRCODE (Quantum Research for Calculating Optically Driven Excitations), for massively parallelized real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) calculations of periodic systems in the open-source Qbox software package. Our approach utilizes a custom implementation of a fast Fourier transformation scheme that significantly reduces inter-node message passing interface (MPI) communication of the major computational kernel and shows impressive scaling up to 16,344 CPU cores. In addition to improving computational performance, QRCODE contains a suite of various time propagators for accurate RT-TDDFT calculations. As benchmark applications of QRCODE, we calculate the current density and optical absorption spectra of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and photo-driven reaction dynamics of the ozone-oxygen reaction. We also calculate the second and higher harmonic generation of monolayer and multi-layer boron nitride structures as examples of large material systems. Our optimized implementation of RT-TDDFT in QRCODE enables large-scale calculations of real-time electron dynamics of chemical and material systems with enhanced computational performance and impressive scaling across several thousand CPU cores.

Study on the dynamic fracture behavior of anisotropic CCNBD shale specimens under different impact angles

Drilling and fracturing are the key technologies for shale gas extraction, while most of the loads generated during rock drilling or fracturing are dynamic. In this study, dynamic impact experiments were conducted on the cracked chevron-notched Brazilian disc shale specimens with different chevron-notched crack (CNC) inclinations (β) and layer inclinations (α) by the split Hopkinson pressure bar. The results show that the dynamic peak load and dissipated energy increases with the increase of β, α, and strain rate, but their changing trends are different. The generation and expansion of cracks during the specimen failure process are mainly affected by β. As β increases, the failure type of the specimen can be divided into pure mode I fracture, mode I-II mixed fracture, pure mode II fracture, mixed tension-shear failure, and Brazilian splitting failure. The increase in strain rate will lead to a decrease in the time for crack initiation and propagation as well as an increase in secondary cracks. In addition, the mode I fracture toughness (KⅠC) and mode II fracture toughness (KⅡC) both grow with the increase of α and strain rate. The KⅡC predicted by the generalized maximum tangential stress criterion (GMST) exhibits more accurate.

Experimental and Numerical Study on the Plasma-Laser-Induced Ignition of Strut Stabilizer at Different Locations

The minimum ignition equivalence ratio of the strut stabilizer is an important parameter in the design of integrated afterburners. The ignition location significantly affects the ignition equivalence ratio and flame propagation, and therefore, it should be deeply studied. The ignition equivalence ratio and flame propagation at different axial ignition locations downstream of the strut stabilizer are studied in this paper. When the ignition distance is approximately the bluff body trailing edge width, a lower ignition equivalence ratio is required for ignition, and the flame propagates faster through the entire combustion chamber. For different ignition locations, the generated flame kernel at different locations all first propagates to the shear layer. Subsequently, the unilateral flame rapidly extends, ultimately igniting the entire combustion chamber. The flame propagation trajectory depends on the ignition location controlled by the non-reacting flow field and the distribution of kerosene concentration. The flame propagation trajectory mainly includes three paths: (1) the flame kernel is directly downstream the shear layer when the ignition location is close to the tail edge of the stabilizer, (2) the flame propagates upstream into the shear layer in a U-shape when the ignition location is far from the stabilizer but still in the recirculation zone, and (3) the flame propagates upstream into the recirculation zone and shear layer in a U-shape when the ignition location is outside the recirculation zone. In addition, the time for flame propagation to the shear layer is directly related to the ignition performance when the ignition location is within the recirculation zone. If the flame reaches the shear layer in a longer time, there will be more energy loss during the flame propagation process, and the ignition performance will deteriorate. The speed of the flame-trailing edge extension is directly related to the ignition fuel-air ratio, and the downstream extension of the flame is mainly affected by the turbulence velocity in the shear layer.

Study on thermal runaway propagation characteristics of the lithium-ion battery module by two-phase flow of nitrogen and water mist in longitudinal ventilation environment

To prevent and control the thermal runaway (TR) and its propagation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a key problem for its sustainable development and wide application. However, there is still a gap in the research on the characteristics of two-phase flow of nitrogen(N2) and water mist (NWM) controlling TR and its propagation in different longitudinal ventilation environments. In this study, the influence of wind velocity on 0.5 MPa NWM to control TR and its propagation characteristic parameters of LIB module was studied experimentally. The results show that with the increase of wind velocities, the opening time of the safety valve and TR trigger temperature of the LIB module gradually increased. At the same wind velocity, TR trigger temperature of cell 1 to cell 5 was successively reduced after 0.5 MPa NWM was applied. The cooling and asphyxiation effect of 0.5 MPa NWM is the best in natural ventilation environment, but the suppression effect of 0.5 MPa NWM on TR propagation of the LIB module is weakened under the influence of forced ventilation. However, different wind velocities have little effect on TR trigger temperature of the blocked LIB module. At the same time, a quasi-steady state thermal equilibrium of the NWM in a ventilation environment was established for the LIB module, and the influence of the coupling effect of different longitudinal ventilation environments and 0.5 MPa NWM on TR propagation characteristic parameters of the LIB module and the heat transfer mechanism in the thermal runaway propagation process were compared under the two conditions of within or without battery case. It is found that the convection effect of the wind plays a leading role in the heat dissipation of the blocked LIB module when the wind velocity is less than 4.5 m/s. The heat conduction of the battery case plays a leading role when the wind velocity is greater than 4.5 m/s. Moreover, in any ventilation environments, TR propagation time of the blocked LIB module is smaller than that of the unblocked LIB module. Under the same wind velocity, TR trigger temperature of the blocked LIB module and the maximum temperature of each cell are higher than that without battery case. This work provides a new perspective for controlling TR propagation of the LIBs. At the same time, it can provide theoretical guidance for ensuring process safety and firefighters to fight LIB fire accidents.

Error estimates of exponential wave integrators for the Dirac equation in the massless and nonrelativistic regime

AbstractWe present exponential wave integrator Fourier pseudospectral (EWI‐FP) methods and establish their error estimates of the fully discrete schemes for the Dirac equation in the massless and nonrelativistic regime. This regime involves a small dimensionless parameter where , and is inversely proportional to the speed of light. The solution exhibits highly oscillatory behavior in time and rapid wave propagation in space in this regime. Specifically, the time oscillations have a wavelength of , while the spatial oscillations have a wavelength of , with a wave speed of . We employ (symmetric) exponential wave integrators for temporal derivatives and Fourier spectral discretization for spatial derivatives. We rigorously derive the error bounds which explicitly depend on the mesh size , the time step and the small dimensionless parameter . The error estimates for the EWI‐FP methods demonstrate that their meshing strategy requirement (‐scalability) necessitates setting and when . Finally, some numerical examples are provided to validate the error bounds.

Study on sound wave kinematic characteristics and temperature sensing mechanism during the warming process of loose coals

Coal spontaneous combustion is a major threat for safe production. In order to achieve the application of sound wave technology to the monitoring and early warning of coal spontaneous combustion, clarify the propagation characteristics of sound waves in loose coal heating process, and illustrate the temperature sensing mechanism of the sound wave detection and early warning of coal spontaneous combustion, the present study built a test system of sound wave kinematic parameter for loose coals to survey the attenuation characteristics of sound wave propagation during loose coal heating. The elastic wave CT algorithm was used to reconstruct the sound wave velocity field, clarify the propagation path, and identify the temperature anomaly area. The results show that with the increase of temperature, the time for sound wave propagation reduces rapidly and then slowly, the velocity increases gradually, and the internal structure and pores of coals become enlarged. In the sound velocity field reconstructed on the basis of SIRT algorithm, the area with high value corresponds to the high temperature area of the coal, which better reflects the changes of the temperature anomaly area during coal heating.

The influence of length under blast load on the propagation mechanism of interconnected cracks

In order to study the influence of interconnected defects on the rock breaking effect under blast load, the relevant explosion experiment was carried out by prefabricating interconnected cracks on plexiglass plates (PMMA), and the propagation mechanism of interconnected cracks under blast load was studied from the length level. The dynamic caustic line system and finite element analysis software were combined to analyze the stress intensity factor, propagation velocity of the interconnected crack tip, and full-field stress of the specimen; the results show that with the radial stress wave propagation direction as the axis of symmetry, the two interconnected cracks with symmetrical angles but different lengths are under the action of blast load; there is a certain competition between the two cracks; the longer cracks are more likely to initiate and propagate, and the shorter cracks almost do not propagate. In addition, in terms of energy accumulation at the tips of the two cracks, the longer crack has a certain inhibitory effect on the shorter crack, and when the length of the longer crack remains unchanged, the inhibition effect weakens with the increase of the length of the shorter crack, and when the length of the shorter crack remains unchanged, the inhibitory effect increases with the increase of the length of the longer crack. After the crack initiation of the longer crack, the relationship curve between the stress intensity factor and the crack propagation velocity and time of the longer crack tip decreases first, and then the relationship curve rises to the peak as the energy of the tip of the shorter crack is transferred to the longer crack, and then the oscillation decreases, while the stress intensity factor and crack propagation rate of the shorter side crack tip show an overall downward trend. The numerical simulation is used to supplement the analysis of the stress propagation in the full-field of the specimen, which corroborates with the experiment results. The experimental study provides a theoretical basis for the analysis of the propagation mechanism of interpenetrating cracks under blast load in practical engineering.

Ultrasonic measurement method for three-dimensional assembly stress of aero-engine rotors

The precise measurement of three-dimensional stress in the rotor is a key means to ensure the assembly accuracy and operational safety of aero-engines. The unclear coupling influence mechanism of different directions of stress on ultrasonic propagation makes it challenging to establish a three-dimensional stress measurement model. This paper proposes a three-dimensional assembly stress measurement method for aero-engine rotors based on ultrasonic propagation time difference decoupling. The three-dimensional assembly stress is converted into the stress component parallel and perpendicular to the ultrasonic wave propagation direction in this method. The acoustoelastic equation including three-dimensional stress parameters is established based on the function model of different direction stress and ultrasonic wave propagation velocity. An innovative three-transducer stress measurement scheme is designed, which integrates ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving transducers and time difference feedback transducers. The acoustoelastic equations in three propagation directions are constructed by rotating the transducer group to change the propagation direction of ultrasonic waves. Finally, the acoustoelastic equations are solved simultaneously to decouple the ultrasonic propagation time difference, thus achieving a three-dimensional assembly stress measurement of the aero-engine rotor. The experimental results show that the maximum deviation between the measured values and the simulation results in the x ,y, and z directions is 15.885 MPa, 14.113 MPa, and 17.093 MPa, respectively. This study provides effective theoretical and technical support for precisely measuring three-dimensional assembly stress in high-end equipment represented by aero-engines.

Research of ultrasonic sensors for measuring water flow in hydromelioration objects

Abstract Currently, many countries are experiencing water shortages, which requires efficient use of available water resources. Therefore, there is an increasing need for simple, reliable and inexpensive water flow measurement devices with high measurement accuracy. This article researched an ultrasonic device for measuring water flow, operating on the basis of the time-pulse method. The device was based on an STM32 microcontroller, and a high-precision TDC-GP22 converter was used to generate ultrasonic signals and subsequently collect the difference in their propagation time. The main advantages of the proposed device are ease of use and low power consumption. The experiment’s findings indicate that the water flow meter being examined can be effectively utilized at hydromelioration sites.