Time Deixis Research Articles

A SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS IN DRAMA WRITTEN BY LUCILLE FLETCHER

This study purposes to describe the forms of deixis in the drama written by Lucille Fletcher. This is descriptive qualitative study. The sources of the data are in the form of word and phrase in the drama script written by Lucille Fletcherentitled Sorry, Wrong Number. Based on the data findings, the form of deixis in the drama script Lucille Fletcher’s Sorry, Wrong Number are the person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, and social deixis. The highest occurrence on the forms of deixis in Lucille Fletcher’s Sorry, Wrong Number is person deixis. It means that person deixis is the most common type used by the characters in Lucille Fletcher’s Sorry, Wrong Number to communicate between each character in order to deliver their message due to the plot of the drama.

DEIXIS IN THE SPIDERWICK CHRONICLES MOVIE SCRIPT

Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language and context that forms the basis of determining understanding of utterance. This study was entitled “An Analysis of deixis in The spider wick chronicles script”. The problems of this study were what types of deixis are used in the spider wick chronicles script, and what is the dominant deixis used in The Spider wick Chronicles movie script. The objectives of this study were to find the types of deixis and to find the dominant of deixis in The spider wick Chronicles movie script. This study was purposed to find out the types and the dominant of deixis are used in The spider wick chronicles script. The script was get from internet. This study applied descriptive qualitative method. The following steps, it applied was the first, this study looked for the movie, the second, this study watched the movie, then, looked for the movie script of the movie “The spider wick chronicles”, the fourth, this study identified the sentence of the movie script based on four types of deixis. From the analysis, it is found that there are four types : personal deixis, time deixis, place deixis, and discourse deixis. Keywords: Pragmatic, deixis, the spider wick chronicles script.

A Pragmatic Analysis of Deixis in a Religious Text

This research tackles the pragmatic analysis of deixis in a religious text. It aims at: 1) Identifying and showing the occurrences of deixis in the religious text. 2) Finding out the most dominant type of deixis in the text. 3) Analyzing the reasons behind using these types of deixis and how they affect the audience who hear or read the speech. The source of data was taken from a religious lecture presented by Imam John Starling at Queens College in 22/10/2014 about imaan (faith) which is taken as a sample. The procedure followed in this research was reading and writing down the deictic expressions: person, place and time deixis. The findings showed that person deixis occurred for 202 times, place deixis for 11 times and time deixis for 6 times only, which indicates that the most dominant type is person deixis. After analyzing the three types of deixis in this text, the researcher has concluded that the reason behind the frequent use of person deixis could be due to the particularity of the religious texts which are centered on the Divine Entity, thus the speakers/writers always making a reference to God by using the third person pronoun ‘He’. In addition, this kind of texts is usually about guidance and advice, therefore, the pronoun ‘You’ also occurs frequently to address the audience directly and to draw their attention. And since the adviser (imam) wants to make his audience feel that he belongs to them and shares with them the same destiny, he used the pronouns ‘We’ and ‘Us’. In return, place and time deixis are very few in this text and occurred mostly during narrating some stories and setting some examples.

STUDENTS’ COMPETENCE IN INTERPRETING DEIXIS IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT ON PRAGMATICS COURSE OF ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENTS OF UNIVERSITAS AHMAD DAHLAN IN 2017/2018

This research is aimed to investigate the students’ competences in interpreting deixis in descriptive texts on pragmatics course and to find out the students’ difficulties in interpreting the types of deixis.This research uses quantitative research which is conducted on the students who take pragmatics course in English Letters Department of Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. The data are taken through a test. The instrument of test validity was assessed by the experts. The test is used to measure the students’ competence in interpreting deixis. To measure the reliability, this research uses Alpha formula. The data are analyzed using descriptive statistics.Based on the research finding, it can be concluded that the students’ competence in interpreting deixis in descriptive text is good to excellent. The result can be concluded as follows; (1) person deixis is good (50%); (2) time deixis is excellent (55%); (3) discourse deixis is excellent (45%); (4) social deixis is excellent (55%), and (5) place deixis is good (55%). The most mistakes which are done by students in interpreting deixis occur in discourse deixis. The cause of them can be; (a) having limited vocabularies; (b) less understanding the context of descriptive text; (c) difficult to comprehend the situational information in the descriptive text.

The Use of Deixis in Julia Gillard’s Speech on Commemoration of Bali Bombing Victims in Garuda Wisnu Kencana Cultural Park, Bali

This paper is entitled The Use of Deixis in Julia Gillard’s Speech on Commemoration of Bali Bombing Victims in Garuda Wisnu Kencana Cultural Park, Bali. This research is aimed at analyzing the deixis used in the speech text by the Australia’s Prime Minister, Julia Gillard using Levinson’s theory. In conducting research, this study used qualitative method in which the study describes the types of deixis in which the data were taken from the Australian Minister website. Then identifying and classifying the deixis used in the speech text. The last step was analyzing the data supported by the concept of Levinson. From all the data analysis taken from the speech text delivered by Julia Gillard, this study found the types of deixis such as person deixis, time deixis, place deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis. This study also found some deixis in one sentence which help the speaker and the audience understand the utterance better. This study suggests the students in the future to use the other part such as analyzing an interview, conference, novels, and the like. Finally, such a big hope for this study could be useful to sharpen the reader in understanding deixis.

AN ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS AND ITS REFERENCE USED BY MAIN CHARACTER IN “A THOUSAND WORDS” MOVIE SCRIPTBY STEVE KOREN

The type of this research is Descriptive Qualitative research. It is aimed to find out the types of Personal, Time, Place, Discourse and Social Deixis and its reference by the main character in “A Thousand Words” movie script based on the theory that proposed by Levinson. The object of this study is “A Thousand Words” movie script by Steve Koren. This research found the five types of deixis in a movie script, they are person deixis (515 occurrences), time deixis (20 occurrences), place deixis (34 occurrences), discourse deixis (104 occurrences) and social deixis (1 occurrence). Besides that, the references found in this research were in person deixis were I, Me, We, Us, My as first person deixis; You, Your as second person deixis; He, She, It, They, Them, Him, Her as third person deixis which belongs to personal deixis (149 utterances); time deixis found were Now, Today, On a Tuesday, Three days, Two days, Then (19 utterances); place deixis found was Here, There, In (22 utterances); discourse deixis found was This, That, Those, These (60 utterances); ands the last, social deixis found were Mr (1 utterance).

Deixis Role as an Index of Style: A Comparative Corpus Stylistics Analysis of Self, Pakistani and Other Translators

Deixis are the linguistic expressions which are used for the reference within the context and out of the context to share knowledge. These are functional keys for contextual coherence and for strong involvement of interlocutors. In this dissertation, role of deixis are interpreted with reference of three different categories of novels; Pakistani novels, other translated, and self-translated novels. The aim of this research is to extract the style difference due to the use of deixis as a style indicator in other and self-translated novels in comparison with non-translated novels. Further, we will try to find out how the use of different types of deixis effects on the context of the text. Generally it has witnessed that the other and self-translators are different in their styles. The reason behind such difference is that the self-translator has more freedom while translating their own novels for other audience. For analysis, in total nine novels are selected, three novels of one category and in total three categories are involved. This research adopted the quantitative approach and for analysis corpus software tool, AntConc is used. Whole data is tagged by POS tagger and manually as well, than interpreted through AntConc. The results of this research indicate that the Self translated novels used more deixis and have more simple and direct language then the others translated categories. In these novels the first person and second person communication is more oriented. Similarly other deixis expressions as time, past tense and special deixis are more referred which make language explicit.

Livid Time: Time, Tenses, and Temporal Deixis in Ulysses

Livid Time: Time, Tenses, and Temporal Deixis in Ulysses

DEIXIS FOUND IN KAMIO YOUKO’S HANA YORI DANGO IN ENGLISH VERSION

Deixis cannot be separated to language itself because deixis is a part of language. One of language forms in our environment are comics. It is the popular literary works that teenager read besides novel and short story. The objectives of this research can be further detailed as the following; (1) To find kinds of deixis that are in Kamio Yuoko’s Hana Yori Dango. (2) To know the situation of deixis are in Kamio Youko’s Hana Yori Dango. The design of this research is descriptive qualitative research. It describes deixis found in Hana Yori Dango comic. This research uses the descriptive qualitative research. The result of this research are; (1) The kinds of English deixis found in Hana Yori Dango comic are; eighty five person deixis, twelve place deixis, thirteen time deixis, thirteen social deixis, and seventeen discourse deixis. So, it can be concluded the the dominan deixis which is used in Hana Yori Dango comic is person deixis and the minor deixis is place deixis and (2) The dominant situation in Hana Yori Dango comic is utterance situation related to person and social deixis in finding. So, the theory of deixis analysis from Jaszczolt (2002, p.191) is sticked with the result of deixis found in Hana Yori Dango comic. In this study, the kinds of deixis most commonly found is person deixis. It indicates that the author extremely want to show the figures in the story of comic. It can be seen from the portion of conversation made by the author is simple and short utterance and also related to some elements in comic itself.

Deixis Analysis of the Good Dinosaur theMovie

This essay is a descriptive qualitative research which will attempt to answer the following objectives: (1) what are types of deixis found in the movie of “The Good Dinosaur”? And (2) what is the most dominant deixis found in the movie “The Good Dinosaur” and the analysis?From the analysis of the movie entitled “The Good Dinosaur”, found some data finding about the types of deixis which used in the movie. Five types of deixis they are: personal deixis, time deixis, place deixis, social deixis, and discourse deixis found in the film in the different data percentage. Personal deixis found in the highest percentage which directly answers the second objective with the data collection 80%, time deixis 5%, place deixis 3%, social deixis 9% and discourse deixis 3%.Personal deixis has a correlation to the point of view of narrating the film “The Good Dinosaur”. This caused by the finding of personal deixis involving thr first, second and third pronoun in determining the story. Further, this contribute to make the personal deixis dominate the deixis used in the film.

Deixis Analysis of the Good Dinosaur theMovie

This essay is a descriptive qualitative research which will attempt to answer the following objectives: (1) what are types of deixis found in the movie of “The Good Dinosaur”? And (2) what is the most dominant deixis found in the movie “The Good Dinosaur” and the analysis?From the analysis of the movie entitled “The Good Dinosaur”, found some data finding about the types of deixis which used in the movie. Five types of deixis they are: personal deixis, time deixis, place deixis, social deixis, and discourse deixis found in the film in the different data percentage. Personal deixis found in the highest percentage which directly answers the second objective with the data collection 80%, time deixis 5%, place deixis 3%, social deixis 9% and discourse deixis 3%.Personal deixis has a correlation to the point of view of narrating the film “The Good Dinosaur”. This caused by the finding of personal deixis involving thr first, second and third pronoun in determining the story. Further, this contribute to make the personal deixis dominate the deixis used in the film.

Evaluation and Certainty in Analyst Reports: A Linguistic Analysis in the Polish Language

Studies of analyst reports and corporate disclosures written in the English language show that tone and other linguistic characteristics used in narratives convey information beyond that contained in hard, quantitative financial information. This paper extends the literature by focusing on analyst reports prepared in a non-English language and in a culture of high uncertainty avoidance. The goal of this paper is to determine what communication strategies are used by analysts who follow major companies listed at the Warsaw Stock Exchange in Poland. The Polish language uses verb conjugation like German or French, so the results of the study offer insights into international differences and the method used here can be applied to other languages. The culture of Poland is ranked high on the uncertainty avoidance scale of Hofstede (Kolman et al. 2003), compared to a low rating of the USA, which was the subject of previous studies. We find that analysts use a range of explicit and implicit evaluation strategies, as well as hedging strategies, which allow them to reduce their accountability for the recommendations they make. Analysts use subjectivisation (e.g. “our assessment”), depersonalization and time deixis (specific assessments of past, present, or future events) to manage the uncertainty associated with fundamental analysis.

A DEIXIS SZEREPE A TÉR- ÉS IDŐVISZONYOK ÁBRÁZOLÁSÁBAN

<p>A dolgozat a drámai dialógusokban fellelhető deixisekkel foglalkozik, ezen belül is a tér- és az idődeixissel. Azt vizsgálja, hogy a deixis mint mikroszintű elem hogyan hat a szöveg makroszintjén. A tér- és az időviszonyok bemutatására törekszik. Az elemzések pedig a tér- és időviszonyok deixissel való kapcsolatát mutatják be. A példák a 2010 és 2014 között íródott Vajdasági Magyar Drámaíró verseny győztes drámáiból származnak.</p>

Стратегии дейктического смягчения

Olga Gennadievna Melnik, Mary Yurievna Nechepurenko, Evgeny Vladislavovich Krasnoschekov The article analyses the deictic mitigation as a special type of mitigation devices directed at distancing the speaker from the content of the utterance. In most cases, the point of reference coincides with the speaker. It is well known that the main types of deixis are person, place and time. It was found out that the deixis of place does not play a significant role in the expression of the mitigation strategy. The research has revealed that reference to both the time and the person coordinates of the deictic center plays an important part in the development of mitigating strategies. The main distancing strategy with the help of the time deixis is the usage of conditional forms of verbs. In addition to mitigating strategy underlying deictic shift along the temporal coordinate the speakers could use metaphoric shift along the coordinates of the speech act. It was proved that the deletion of the speech act participants’ identity (the indefinite pronoun one, the agentless passive construction, and the pseudo-inclusive pronoun we.) one can get the mitigating effect. The partial deictic shift from the speaker’s coordinate towards the listener brings about a particular perlocutionary effect: it diminishes the speaker’s role. The authors come to a conclusion about the necessity of highlighting the mitigating function of deixis, which is a kind of Deixis ad Phantasma but not as the secondary, narrative deixis but as the primary dialogue deixis referring to the information implied in the utterance. Key words : deixis, deictic shift, reference, mitigation.

Phraseological profiles of legislative genres: complex prepositions as a special case of legal phrasemes in EU law and national law

The paper explores the hypothesis that a large proportion of non-terminological word combinations in legislation is built around complex prepositions, which significantly contributeto phraseological profiles of legislative genres. The paper analyses the distribution and functions of complex prepositions in multilingual EU law and national law, on a comparative (cross-systemic) and contrastive English-Polish basis, against the background of general language. The analysis is conducted in the corpus-based methodology with the corpora of EU legislation (JRC Acquis) – regulations and directives, national legislation of the UK (BoLC) and of Poland (PLC), and general corpora (BNC and NKJP). The findings confirm that complex prepositions are very frequent and hence cognitively salient in the genre of legislation: complex prepositions show increased distribution against general language, in particular in Polish. It is demonstrated that national legislation and EU legislation (translationese) are profiled by different sets of salient prepositions, which may adversely affect the readability of the latter due to interference. Functionally, it has been demonstrated that the phraseological profiles of legislative instruments are marked by complex prepositions used predominantly in referencing patterns (authority, conflict), conditionals, anchoring (framing) patterns, defining patterns and time deixis.

THE USE OF DEIXIS IN GLADIATOR MOVIE MANUSCRIPT

This study is about the forms and references of deixis udes in "Gladiator" movie manuscript. The data, movie discourse are taken from observation and documentation using techniques of reading, indentifying, and noting. The data source is "Gladiator" movie manuscript. To identify the forms of deixis, the writer udes the theory of deixis in Discourse Analysis while to clarifying the references of deixis, the writer used the theory of meaning focusing on both semantic and pragmatic meaning. The result of study shows that the forms of deixis are person deixis, place dixis, time deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis. Person dixis consists of first person, second person, and thrid person singular and plural. It is also distinguished based on its function in the sentence as subject and object personal pronoun, subject in possesive personal pronoun, object ini possesive personal pronoun and reflexive personal pronoun. The reference of deixis bades on semantic meaning refers to lexical meaning while based on pragmatic meaning refers to the meaning covered in the discourse, such as referring to the interlocutors, the war, the time process during the war, and the social relationship among the participants in the war. Key words: deixis, deictic, proximal, and distal

Constructional Changes of Chinese <i>Lai</i>/<i>Qu</i> in Serial Verb Constructions

Directional verbs are widely used in modern Chinese. Their constructional changes can be traced back to the Directional Serial Verb Construction in old Chinese. In this paper, we investigate the constructional changes of Chinese lai and qu from the pre-Qin period to the Medieval period from the perspective of constructionalization. This research demonstrates the following findings: Chinese Lai changes into directional verbs. The meaning of directional result constructionalizes the meaning of arrival state, but also persists the meaning of directional time and the causative meaning. Lai undergoes the changes from time deixis to state of affairs in the Medieval period. Chinese qu changes into an intransitive verb and denotes the meaning of getting to somewhere. After a series of constructional changes, Chinese qu produces a new type node and denotes a new meaning. This research proposes that the constructionalization of Chinese lai and qu in SVCs is driven by the principle of economy, and the mechanisms of metaphor and metonymy.

SPEAKER’S VISION AND ATTITUDES THROUGH DEICTIC EXPRESSIONS

This study addresses how deictic expressions of person, place and time account for vision and attitudes of a speaker in speeches on certain issues. In this qualitative study, the data consisted of four speeches delivered by Xanana Gusmao of Timor Leste. The result of the study shows that the speaker used various types of deixis, including person, place, and time deixis. Person deixis was used to introduce Timorese people, whereas more time deixis referring to present time was used to focus his attention on the present situation and did not want to turn back to the past experience with full of political and social conflicts. The speaker’s vision is reflected in the use of the first person plural ‘ we ’ more than the first person singular ‘ I ’ or ‘ me ’. This indicates that the speaker represents himself as an ‘ insertive ’ leader. He is also a sort of leader with more future vision, indicated by the use of more time deixis referring to the present and future time than those of past time, so he wanted to bring his people and nation to face the future to develop the nation and to build better relationship with its neighbouring states.

Deixis in Inside Sumatera Magazine

ABSTRACT This study attempts to investigate deixis found in the articles of Inside Sumatera Magazine, especially in Adventure, Destination and Travelling coloums. It was conducted to discover the types of deixis as proposed by Cruse (2000) namely: person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis. The objectives of this study is to describe type of deixis and to find out the most dominant type of deixis in articles of Inside Sumatera magazine. This study was taken from the article of Inside sumatera magazine and ten article are taken as the samples. Documentary technique is due in collecting data. The findings show that the total number of deixis from the whole articles were 1504 occurrences, 656 occurrences (43.62%) was person deixis, 465 occurrences (30.92%) was place deixis, 227 occurrences (15.09%) was time deixis, 137 occurrences (9.10%) was discourse deixis, and 19 occurrences (1.27%) was social deixis. Person deixis is the dominant type used in those article (43.62%). Keywords : Deixis, person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, discourse deixis, social deixis, inside sumatera, magazine.

Temporal constraints in the use of demonstratives in Iberian Spanish

<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Natural linguistic data show that a close relationship exists among demonstratives and time in Spanish. Such connection appears to be of a pragmatic nature whereby linguistic expressions that encode or denote time license the use of demonstratives under certain conditions.The aforementioned connection time-demonstration occurs when speakers employ demonstratives to refer to objects within the textual world (i.e. discourse referents). In this paper I explore the temporal constraints that impose restrictions in the use of demonstratives in Spanish and argue in favor of characterizing the relationship time-demonstration as a discourse deixis phenomenon in close connection with time deixis. The co-referential link that gets established between the distal demonstrative and the temporal expression is formalized and a presuppositional characterization provided for the three demonstratives in their discourse-deictic use.</span>