Tilapia Fish Research Articles

A comparative study of the effect of pesticides used in agriculture on tilapia fish in some Nile Delta governorates (Damietta branch and Rasheed branch)

A comparative study of the effect of pesticides used in agriculture on tilapia fish in some Nile Delta governorates (Damietta branch and Rasheed branch)

Histopathology based study of Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) as a biomarker for water pollution evaluation in the southern gulf of Lake Tana, Ethiopia

In the past decade, the increasing distribution of pollutants in the aquatic environment has been observed, causing integrative effects on fish. Likewise, due to anthropogenic activities, the southern gulf of Lake Tana is an impacted region, and the production of Nile tilapia fish is reduced. For this reason, the aim of this study was to conduct a histopathological-based study of 48 Nile tilapia fishes’ health status at the southern gulf of Lake Tana and aquaculture using a cross-sectional study from February 2023 to May 2023. The study evaluated the histopathology of the gill, liver, gonads, and spleen organs using descriptive statistics accompanied by a 2 × 2 contingency table and t-test analysis. During the study, different histological alterations were detected, and the numbers of fish affected by a specific histological alteration were presented as percentage prevalence; hence, from the total fish examined, hyperplasia (54.15%), followed by pigment deposits (52%), hemorrhage (50%), and immune cell infiltration (50%), respectively, were the most frequently detected alterations. However, Nile tilapias from the southern gulf of Lake Tana were 1.4 (odds ratio) times more likely to show histopathological alterations than those from aquaculture, although statistically, was not significant (p > 0.05). In addition, the study found the mean value of the fish index (95.3) and regressive indices of the gill (13.6), liver (14.8), and gonad (12.3); moreover, the inflammatory indices of the spleen organ (11.3) and mean severity grade value of the gill (2.35) and gonad (1.7) organs, respectively, were obtained from the southern gulf of Lake Tana, and all those values were significantly higher (p < 0.05) from this site as compared to the aquaculture. In general, it has been found that tilapias from the southern gulf of Lake Tana showed higher pathological severity as compared with aquaculture. Among the four target organs evaluated, liver organs were observed to be the most damaged, while gonads were the least impacted organs. Therefore, it has been concluded that tilapia fish are living in abnormal conditions, so to ensure a sustainable fishery, water pollutant sources from Bahirdar city must receive proper attention, and future studies should consider age differences, seasonal variation, and the detection of specific pollutants.

Efisiensi Kerapatan Tananaman Pakcoy (Brassica Rapa) terhadap Kualitas Air untuk Mendukung Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Nila

Asnan Ridoanrisna. Efficiency Of Pakcoy Plants (Brassica Rapa) In Maintaining Water Quality To Support The Survival Rate Of Tilapia. Under Guidance By Robin And Novita Mz. Tilapia is a freshwater fish commodity with high economic value. According to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), tilapia exports reached 12.29 thousand tons with a value of USD 78.44 million. Tilapia farming faces the risk of mortality which can lead to economic losses, one of which is caused by organic pollution. To address this issue, this research employs phytoremediation methods with varying plant densities to improve water quality and tilapia survival. The study was conducted with four treatments: A75 (plant density 75% of the aquarium surface area), A50 (50%), A25 (25%), and A0 (no plants), using an aquarium size of 60 x 30 x 50 cm³. Each treatment received chicken manure at 1.8 grams per aquarium and 40 tilapia fish per aquarium. Observations were made over 15 days in March 2023, measuring physical and chemical water parameters including DO, pH, TDS, temperature, and ammonia, as well as calculating the survival rate of tilapia. Using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), the study found that treatment A75 achieved the highest survival rate at 62.5%. This result indicates that higher plant density in the phytoremediation method is more effective in maintaining water quality and supporting tilapia survival.

Analysis of Cadmium (Cd) Levels in Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) from Ponds in Palibelo

Fish are oceanic biota that are frequently utilized as signs of weighty metal contamination in waters. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of cadmium (Cd) in tilapia from ponds in Palibelo and whether or not it is safe for consumption based on the Regulation of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) No. 9 of 2022 concerning Requirements for Heavy Metal Contamination in Processed Food. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling, at each station two fish samples were taken using floating nets. Samples were analyzed at the Health Laboratory, Testing and Calibration Center (BLKPK) of NTB Province. Data analysis was carried out by taking body parts, namely tilapia meat, then analyzing cadmium (Cd) levels using AAS. The results showed that cadmium levels in tilapia were still below the standard quality standards ranging from 0.0033-0.0057 mg/kg, with an average cadmium of 0.00465 mg/kg. Cadmium comes from household waste and modern waste carried by river currents. Environmental factors obtained temperature, pH, and salinity are in ideal conditions for the life of Tilapia fish. The conclusion is that Tilapia fish from fish farming in Palibelo is still suitable for consumption because it is still below the standard quality of 0.30 mg/kg.

Gonad development of female tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to acid red 88 textile dye

Abstract Textile dyes are artificial dyes that are widely used by the textile industry because they have many types of colors and are cheap. The azo dye used can be an aromatic compound that has stable properties, so if it is in water, it can be more toxic than the azo dye itself. This study aims to determine the effect of exposure to acid red 88 dye and a minimum dose of acid red 88 dye on the level of gonad maturity and gonadosomal index (GSI) of parent tilapia fish. This research was an experimental study; tilapia fish were kept for 7 days with 5 treatments and 4 repetitions. Data collection was carried out by looking at the TKG of tilapia fish in morphology and histology, and then the GSI of tilapia fish was analyzed using the ANOVA test. The results of this research show that acid red 88 is said to be an endocrine-disrupting chemical and produces excess reproductive hormones, which can affect fish health. Then there was damage to the histology of the TKG of the tilapia. The conclusion of this research is that exposure and dose of acid red 88 dye have an influence on the morphology and histology of TKG and the GSI value of tilapia.

Design and Evaluation of a New Solar Dryer Equipped with Three Sides Flat Plate Collectors for Drying Tilapia Fish Fillets

Design and Evaluation of a New Solar Dryer Equipped with Three Sides Flat Plate Collectors for Drying Tilapia Fish Fillets

Enhancing aquaponic cultivation in Indonesia: A comparative study of bioball biofilters with different additives

Abstract The development of aquaponic cultivation in Indonesia remains limited despite its potential to significantly boost farmers’ and communities’ income. In aquaponics, fish are regularly fed, while plants solely rely on nutrients derived from leftover feed and fish waste, without external supplementation. Biofilters play a crucial role in aquaponic systems, providing a growth medium for microorganisms that convert fish feces’ ammonia into nitrates, essential for plant nutrition. In general, biofilters use bioball material, so as to optimize the biofilter, this study compares the effectiveness of different materials, namely activated charcoal, shells, and coconut fiber, when incorporated into bioball biofilters within aquaponic systems. The research was conducted on an aquaponic installation featuring an NFT system utilizing PVC pipes. The experiment involved 45 tilapia fish, each measuring 7-11 cm and weighing 10-15 grams, alongside red lettuce plants planted in 10 holes per pipe, with 6 replications. After 45 days from planting, the plants were harvested, and observations were made on both plant and fish growth. The growth of red lettuce plants in the biofilter installation with shells addition (BS) showed the best results based on parameters such as plant height, leaf width, plant dry weight, and shoot:root ratio. The installation with coconut fiber addition (BS) showed the best results in terms of number of leaves. BA installation with activated carcoal addition (BA) showed the best results in terms of number of Leaf chlorophyll. The highest percentage of survival for Nile tilapia was observed in the BS and BA installation with a rate of 88.89%, followed by 78.57% in the BC installation, and 60.46% in the BB installation.

NOVEL USE OF NILE TILAPIA FISH (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) SKIN AS XENOGRAFT IN ZOOLOGICAL SPECIES.

Nile tilapia fish skin (Oreochromis niloticus) has been increasingly used in human and veterinary medicine in xenografts for treatment of burn wounds. The objective of this study was to self-prepare the graft using a Brazilian patent (WO2017/035615 A1) as a guide and apply it to full-thickness wounds in zoological species (n = 4). The wounds, which were all characterized as contaminated wounds in which the entire dermal layer was missing, had all previously been surgically debrided and treated with traditional wound-healing techniques without success. This graft technique was developed in response to the poor treatment success. The graft was prepared and sutured to the affected area, leading to complete contraction and epithelialization in all cases. The patients were concurrently placed on one course of systemic antibiotics because of the severity of wound contamination. The frequency of dressing changes varied between species and no adverse effects were apparent. This method of processing Nile tilapia fish skin proves promising for use in contaminated wounds, as it is inexpensive and easy to acquire and develop, mitigates stress in wildlife patients because of a decreased frequency of dressing changes and therefore handling, and can be utilized in clinical environments.

Effects of Dermetes maculatus (Degeer 1774) on some dried fish sold at Baga road market, Maiduguri metropolitan council

Fish is in the diet of most people, regardless of geopolitical, socioeconomic status and age. It is highly nutritious and provides about 50% of total protein requirements for growth and development, especially in children. Thus, fish remains one of the most important sources of food and income for many people in Nigeria and other developing countries of the world. Materials and Methods: Two smoke-dried fish samples of cat and Tilapia were purchased from Baga Road fish market in Maiduguri to assess the effects of insect infestation caused by Dermetes maculatus. The samples were aseptically transported to the Microbiology laboratory of the Department of science laboratory technology Ramat Polytechnic Maiduguri Borno state for entomological analysis. The percentage weights of the fish samples were weighed before and after insect pest infestations. The infested samples were aseptically stored for a period of five (5) weeks. Results: The results obtained in this study showed that Dermestes maculatus infestation was higher in fish samples stored for five weeks compared the uninfected fish obtained in the same market. However, there was no significant difference between the number of insect pests found in the fish samples at (p&gt;0.05), the proximate analysis shows that the data collected after insect infestation was significance at p=0.05 with p value 0.00005. The carbohydrate contents for cat Tilapia fish before infestation were (3.34%, and 2.02%) respectively on the other hand the they was slight change in the wight of both cat and tilapia fishes after infestation 3.300 % and 2.01 % respectively. Conclusion: It was observed that insect pest infestation causes great loss and reduces the economic and market value of smoke -dried fish because it degrades and damaged the fish thereby reducing it carbohydrate contents.

Evaluation of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Survival and Growth in Aquaculture Systems with Different Feed Types

Proper feeding is crucial for promoting fast and healthy growth in fish, contributing to increased overall production. However, access to high-nutritional feed is not always feasible. Utilizing locally available ingredients presents a potential solution to this challenge. Consequently, this research aims to assess the impact of locally available feed ingredients on the growth and production of tilapia (O. niloticus) in Liberia. Three types of fish feed were prepared, namely Africa Rice fish feed (diet 1), soybeans fish feed (diet 2), and Gbarnga fish feed (control), each with distinct compositions. These feeds were evaluated to determine their effects on the growth and production performance of tilapia fish for the duration of 31 weeks. Fifty fish with an initial body weight of 12 g each were stocked in each hapa net. Data on survival rate (%), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and growth (g) were collected and compared. The growth results revealed a statistically significant difference (P &lt; 0.001) among the three selected fish feed types. Diet 1 exhibited a higher average mean weight of 1521.67 g per 92 fish followed by the control with an average mean weight of 1315.56 g per 88 fish, while diet 2 demonstrated comparatively lower growth, 1164.44 g per 96 fish. Survival rate and FCR, however, exhibited no significant differences. Notably, the cost of food supplies, particularly proteins, may constrain farmers' access to feed processing and formulation technology. Consequently, the findings of this study are expected to address challenges related to feed formulation and processing, providing valuable insights for the enhancement of fish farming practices.

Elucidating the effect of dietary neem (Azadirachta indica) on growth performance, haemato-biochemical, immunonological response, and anti-pathogenic capacity of Nile tilapia juveniles.

This investigation attempts to evaluate the effect of diet additives via aqueous or ethanolic herbal extracts from Azadirachta indica leaves on Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Five dietary categories were assigned to the fish: the first category (N1, with no extract) was kept under control conditions; two categories contained aqueous extract (N2 (1.0g/kg) and N3 (2.0g/kg); and two categories contained ethanolic extract, N4 (1.0g/kg) and N5 (2.0g/kg), with each group being fed for 60 days. After the feeding trial, Aeromonas hydrophila was injected intraperitoneally into fish for 14 days; fish mortality was recorded during this period. The results showed that the fish-fed dietary A. indica significantly improved growth performance and intestinal health (digestive enzymes and intestinal morphology), especially in the N4 and N5 categories. However, N4 and N5 categories demonstrated a significant decrease in AST and ALT activities and an increase in total protein, serum albumin, globulin, growth hormone (GH), leptin hormone (LEP), hemoglobin, white blood cells, and hematocrit (P < 0.05) in comparison with the control category (N1). Compared to the control category, the N4 and N5 categories have revealed a significant reduction in MDA activity and improvements in immunological activities (lysozyme, complement C3, and nitric oxide) and antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPX). Moreover, in tilapia-fed A. indica, the expression of IL-8, IL-1β, and Nf-κb genes was downregulated partially in the N4 and N5 categories than the control category. In contrast, the lysozyme, C3, GPX, and CAT genes were upregulated partially at N4 and N5 compared to the control category. Following the bacterial challenge, fish in the N4 and N5 categories also displayed the lowest fish mortality compared to the control category. The ethanolic extract displayed a more potent resistance against the parasite Cichlidogyrus tilapia in vitro than the aqueous and control categories, partially at 2g/L. According to these findings, an ethanolic neem extract (2.0g/kg feed) activates the immune system and antioxidant response in Nile tilapia fingerlings, improving growth and fish resistance to parasitic and bacterial infections.

Characterization of the Sanitary Condition of Sales Points for Garba Fried Tuna and Braised Fish Tilapia in Abidjan’s District

Characterization of the Sanitary Condition of Sales Points for Garba Fried Tuna and Braised Fish Tilapia in Abidjan’s District

Characteristics and radiological hazard assessment of 210Po in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Vietnam.

210Po is one of the most toxic natural radionuclides. This isotope's characteristics and radiological hazard assessment have been concerned in different objects. In this study, the 210Po activities were determined in different tilapia organs/parts of 20 sample groups by alpha spectrometry. The 210Po activities in muscle, bone, intestine organs, and stomach contents unevenly distributed with a wide range from 0.5 ± 0.2 to 2.8 ± 0.4 and 1.4 ± 0.2Bq·kg-1 wet.wt on average, from 0.6 ± 0.3 to 6.3 ± 0.7 and 3.5 ± 0.4Bq·kg-1 wet.wt on average, from 46.3 ± 2.9 to 263 ± 9.7 and 115 ± 6Bq·kg-1 wet.wt on average, and 20.9 ± 1.2 to 800 ± 29 and 197 ± 9Bq·kg-1 wet.wt on average, respectively. The average 210Po activities in different parts of tilapia trend in order of CMuscle < CBone < CIntestine < CStomach contents. Insignificant correlations were observed between 210Po activities in tilapia organs with their total fish mass. The result could depend on feeding types, diet, different nutrient levels, metabolism, and excretion of 210Po in different ages. The concentration ratios (CRs) of tilapia muscle and bone organs were recorded with low values, while it was far greater than the CRs for the intestine organ. Annual committed effective doses contributing from 210Po concentration due to tilapia fish consumption were within the allowable limits for muscle and bone organs, while those values for intestine organs were far higher than the allowable limit value (assuming similar amount consumption of 30kg·year-1 for each organ). The Erica tool was used to estimate the dose and risk to tilapia from 210Po exposure. Based on the calculated results, it can be seen that there was insignificant concern for tilapia due to ionizing radiation in the study area.

Impacts of COVID-19 on the Fish Market in Dinajpur District of Bangladesh

This study interviewed 50 fish farmers and 50 retailers from Dinajpur district, Bangladesh to investigate the impacts of COVID-19 on the local fish market from a period of January to June 2023. The results showed that the fish culture cost including labor cost, feed cost and pharmaceutical cost increased significantly after COVID-19. Labor costs increased by 17-39%, feed costs by 41 to 45% and pharmaceutical costs by 30-31%. The prices of catfishes showed the highest change equal to BDT 288/kg whereas slightly reduced prices for pangas (BDT 68.6/kg), carps (BDT 101.72/kg) and tilapia (BDT 71.15/kg) were recorded. Retailers have increased the selling price (27-28%) of the pangas, tilapia, carps and other fish species due to higher purchasing prices (32-40%) resulting in a squeeze on profit. The profit for pangas decreased to 11% post-COVID-19 from 22%, for tilapia from 21% to 11%, for carp profit decreased from 6% to 3% and for catfishes from 9% to 5% post-COVID-19. This study provides helpful information to minimize the unstable condition of fish markets and government and non-government organizations should intervene to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 with proper policy.

The regulatory effects of water probiotic supplementation on the blood physiology, reproductive performance, and its related genes in Red Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus X O. mossambicus)

Probiotics are becoming increasingly popular as eco-friendly alternatives in aquaculture. However, there is limited research on their impacts on the reproductive efficiency of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus x O. mossambicus) broodstock. Therefore, this experiment aimed to explore the combined effects of selective probiotics Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis (BSL; 1:1) added to water on blood hematology, serum metabolites, gonadal histology, reproductive performance, and reproductive associated genes in Red Tilapia broodstock. Tilapia broodfish weighing 140–160 g were stocked in four treatment groups: control (T0), and the other three groups were added different levels of BSL to the water as follows: T1 (0.01 g/m3), T2 (0.02 g/m3), and T3 (0.03 g/m3), respectively. Results indicate that BSL administration significantly improved RBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCH, and MCHC, with the highest improvement seen in the T3 group (P < 0.05). BSL added to the fish water significantly enhanced serum protein fractions (total protein, albumin, and globulins), while AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, uric acid, and glucose were significantly diminished in a dose-dependent way (P < 0.05). Adding 0.02–0.03 g/ m3 of BSL resulted in higher antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase and catalase) compared to other groups (P < 0.05). Testosterone levels were higher in T3 than in other groups (P < 0.05). All female hormones (LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone) were substantially augmented by the addition of BSL. Additionally, the BSL groups exhibited higher GSI, HSI, VSI (male only), egg diameter (mm), mean number of fry/fish, and mean fry weight (g) compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Expression of reproductive-associated genes (vasa, nanos1a, nanos2, dnd1, pum1, AMH, and vtg) were significantly up-regulated in the gonads of fish in the 0.03 g/m3 treatment. The histological gonadal structure exhibited that BSL improved gonad maturation in both genders of Tilapia fish. Overall, adding a mixture of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis (0.03 g/m3 water) can accelerate reproductive performance in Red Tilapia through up-regulation of reproductive genes and enhance the health profile.

Characteristics of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fish balls with The Addition of Asian Sea Bass (Lates calcarifer) Bones Bio-calcium

Nile tilapia has high protein content so it can be processed into fish balls. Fish balls are a processed fish product that is high in protein but low in calcium. Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) bones are a type of fishery by-product that can be utilized by processing them into a source of calcium. It is known that the average human daily calcium requirement is 800 mg - 1300 mg per day. The addition of bio-calcium from Asian sea bass fish bones was carried out to increase the nutritional value of calcium in fish balls and meet consumers' calcium intake. The research aimed to assign the effect of Asian sea bass bone bio-calcium (FPB) addition on the physical, chemical, and sensory characteristics of Nile tilapia fish balls. The research method used was laboratory experimental with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatment of the current study was the addition of FPB at different concentrations (0; 3; 5 and 7%). The research analysis carried out included gel strength, calcium, protein, water, fat, ash contents and sensory characteristics. The research showed that the addition of FPB had significant effect on gel strength, calcium, protein, water, fat, ash contents and sensory characteristics (P&lt;0.05). FPB at a concentration of 3% showed the best treatment of hedonic value with gel strength of 1889.757 g.cm, calcium content of 1095.1 mg/100g, protein content of 13.23%, moisture content of 72.28%, fat content of 1.39% and ash content of 2.43%. The addition fishbone bio-calcium at proper concentration increases the texture and calcium content of Nile tilapia fish balls without any sensory interference. The fishbone bio-calcium could be a cheap source of calcium for the food industry to provide high protein and calcium food including fish ball for society to overcome calcium deficiency.

Addition of Probiotics to Feed on the Growth and Survival of Tilapia Fish Seeds

Introduction: Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the leading commodities of freshwater aquaculture in Indonesia. The problem that is often experienced by farmers is the absorption of fish feed nutrients that are less than optimal, due to the low quality of feed raw materials. The study aims to determine the effect of adding probiotics to feed on growth and survival, in tilapia (O. Niloticus) fry. Method: The test organisms used in this study were tilapia (O. niloticus) as many as 200 fish with an initial weight of 1.09-1.28 g/head. Tilapia seeds were obtained from UPR Saluyu, Dolo sub-district, Sigi district, Central Sulawesi. The design used was a complete randomized design (CRD). Results and Discussion: Variables observed were daily weight growth rate (LPBH), absolute weight growth (PBM), survival rate, feed conversion ratio (CTR), and water quality. Conclusion: The results showed that the highest absolute weight growth in tilapia was found in treatment D (8 mL probiotics) which was 2.04 g, the specific growth rate was (2.86% / day), and the feed conversion ratio produced (1.57), while the survival rate of tilapia obtained during maintenance was (80.00-84.00%).

Functional improvement and characterization of protein hydrolysates prepared by the fermentation of irradiated tilapia skin

Gamma irradiation (γ-irradiation) sterilizes and modifies proteins. This study aimed to enhance the performance of protein hydrolysates of fermented tilapia fish skin using irradiation. The results showed that γ-irradiation could effectively kill harmful microorganisms in fish skin at 6 kGy. Irradiation at 1–6 kGy dose disintegrated the internal structure of fish skin proteins, thus increasing the degree of hydrolysis after fermentation by Bacillus subtilis L4; however, irradiation at 9–12 kGy caused cross-linking and aggregation of fish skin proteins. The solubility, and water and oil holding capacity of the protein hydrolysates were significantly improved compared to those of the non-irradiated sample. The maximum emulsifying activity (164.61±16.28 m2/g), foaming activity (91.13±2.30 mL), and surface hydrophobicity index (5766.43±770.56) were observed in the protein hydrolysates fermented from fish skin irradiated at 12 kGy. The antioxidant activity of the protein hydrolysates increased with increasing irradiation doses. This suggested that the functional properties and antioxidant activity of protein hydrolysates from fish skin fermentation can be improved by appropriate irradiation pretreatment, providing a feasible method for improving the utilization and quality of proteins in fishery waste.

Effect of low-frequency electric field assisted freezing on ice crystals of tilapia fish protein

The mechanism by which low-frequency alternating electric fields affect ice crystals and quality of aquatic products remain unclear. To study the effect of low-frequency electric field freezing (LF-EFAF) on product ice crystals, differences between LF-EFAF treated samples and air freezing (AF) were compared. The results showed that LF-EFAF increased the subcooling of fish protein by 0.3 °C and doubled the freezing time compared to AF. The equivalent diameter and cross-sectional area of LF-EFAF samples were reduced by up to 20% and 35% respectively, compared to AF samples. Moisture distribution of results showed that LF-EFAF restrained the increase in free water content of fish proteins. The LF-EFAF had a positive effect on the size and morphology. This resulted in less mechanical damage to the muscle fibres, which led to better water retention and inhibited moisture migration. Therefore, LF-EFAF can be an effective means of fish proteins preservation.

Empowerment of Women's Groups in Increasing Income through Nugget Businesses Made from Tilapia Fish in Macang Sakti Village Musi Banyuasin

Empowerment of Women's Groups in Increasing Income through Nugget Businesses Made from Tilapia Fish in Macang Sakti Village Musi Banyuasin