Ti3C2 MXene Research Articles

Zn and Cl Coregulated MXene Catalyst Enhances Li-CO2 Battery Reversibility.

MXenes are promising cathodes for Li-CO2 batteries owing to their high electrical conductivity and efficient CO2 activation function. However, the effects of adsorption and electronic structures of MXene on the full life cycle of Li-CO2 batteries have been rarely investigated. Here, we employ a coregulation approach to enhance the adsorption-decomposition of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) by introducing Zn and Cl surface groups onto the Ti3C2 MXene (Zn-Ti3C2Cl2) catalyst. The incorporation of Cl surface groups enhances Li2CO3 adsorption on the MXene catalyst surface, resulting in the formation of small-sized and uniform Li2CO3. Additionally, the introduction of Zn shifts the d-band centers of titanium and promotes CO2 evolution reaction (CO2ER) activity, thereby facilitating the decomposition of discharge products. As a result, the Li-CO2 battery based on the Zn-Ti3C2Cl2 catalyst exhibits an ultralow overpotential (0.72 V) at 200 mA g-1 and stable cycling for up to 1500 h. This work validates the efficacy of promoting reversibility in Li-CO2 batteries by adjusting the adsorption-decomposition process.

Skin-Inspired, Multifunctional, and 3D-Printable Flexible Sensor Based on Triple-Responsive Hydrogel for Signal Conversion in Skin Interface Electronics Health Management.

Hydrogel-based flexible electronic components have become the optimal solution to address the rigidity problem of traditional electronics in health management. In this study, a multipurpose hydrogel is introduced, which is formed by combining a dual-network consisting of physical (chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) and chemical (poly(isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM)-co-acrylamide (AM))) cross-linking, along with signal conversion fillers (eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn), Ti3C2 MXene, polyaniline (PANI)) for responding to external stimuli. Multiple sensing of dynamic and static signals is permissible for it. The strain sensor based on the hydrogel exhibits up to a 1000% resistance change within a 400% stretch range, and significant capacitance variations are observed upon touch. The temperature sensor yields a sensitivity of ≈-2.9%°C-1 at 20-40°C and ≈65%°C-1 at 0-20°C. The pH sensor responds with a sensitivity of near -13.68mV pH-1. A paper-based triboelectric nanogenerator can be assembled to collect action energy at 83mW m-2. The skin contact interface is kept in good condition owing to its 3D-printability, controllable antibacterial properties, along high cell survival rate. This multifunctional hydrogel holds promise in facilitating the integration of diagnosis and maintenance.

Application of a Screen-Printed Ion-Selective Electrode Based on Hydrophobic Ti3C2/AuNPs for K+ Determination Across Variable Temperatures.

Monitoring potassium ion (K+) concentration is essential in veterinary medicine, particularly for preventing hypokalemia in dairy cows, which can severely impact their health and productivity. While traditional laboratory methods like atomic absorption spectrometry are accurate, they are also time-consuming and require complex sample preparation. Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) provide an alternative that is faster and more suitable for field measurements, but their performance is often compromised under variable temperature conditions, leading to inaccuracies. To address this, we developed a novel screen-printed ion-selective electrode (SPE) with hydrophobic Ti3C2 Mxene and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), integrated with a temperature sensor. This design improves stability and accuracy across fluctuating temperatures by preventing water layer formation and enhancing conductivity. The sensor was validated across temperatures from 5 °C to 45 °C, achieving a linear detection range of 10-⁵ to 10-1 M and a response time of approximately 15 s. It also demonstrated excellent repeatability, selectivity, and stability, making it a robust tool for K+ monitoring in complex environments. This advancement could lead to broader applications in other temperature-sensitive analytical fields.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by TiO2: A Synergistic Approach with Defect-Rich SnS2 and Ti3C2 MXene Cocatalysts

Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by TiO2: A Synergistic Approach with Defect-Rich SnS2 and Ti3C2 MXene Cocatalysts

Tuning the interaction between Cu and surface -OH in Cu/Ti3C2 MXene derived catalyst for enhanced semi-hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate

Methyl glycolate (MG), a crucial chemical raw material and fine chemical intermediate, holds immense potential in the production of the next-generation biodegradable material, polyglycolic acid, via polycondensation reactions. In this study, layered Ti3C2 MXene was used as support precursor to construct Cu based catalysts for the semi-hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate to MG. By fine-tuning the loading method of Cu species, the interaction between Cu species and surface hydroxyl groups (-OH) was modulated, and the effect on the semi-hydrogenation performance of Cu-based catalysts were thereby explored. These catalysts underwent rigorous characterization using BET, SEM-EDS, XRD, FT-IR, H2-TPR and XPS techniques. The results revealed that varying loading methods significantly influenced the interaction between Cu species and surface -OH on Ti3C2 MXene during preparation process, altering the content of Ti-O-Cu as well as the Cu0 ratio of Cu/Ti3C2-derived catalysts. The Cu/Ti3C2 MXene-I catalyst displayed remarkable performance, achieving a MG selectivity of 88.85 % and stability of up to 120 h in the DMO hydrogenation reaction due to its high Cu0 ratio and large Cu particles.

The beneficial impact of MXene on the electrochemical performance of graphene quantum dots for dopamine detection

Considerable advancements in nanocomposite design have enabled the development of electrochemical sensors with promising features such as remarkable electrocatalytic activities, high electrical conductivity, and effective surface area. For instance, designing nanocomposites using 2D MXenes and 0D nanomaterials can be beneficial to combine the advantages of both individual constituents and enhance the device’s final performance. Herein, we developed a nanocomposite based on Ti3C2 MXene to tailor the electrochemical properties of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) for sensing applications. Specifically, the electrochemical properties of different Ti3C2:GQDs ratios were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Under optimized conditions, the nanocomposite-based sensor showed a linear response to dopamine (DA) in the concentration range of 40 – 400 μM and a limit of detection of 1.8 μM (S/N = 3). Moreover, real sample analysis indicated that spiked DA could be determined accurately by Ti3C2/GQDs/GCE in human urine and sweat samples. The improved sensing performance was attributed to the combined effect of the large surface area of GQDs and the electrical conductivity of MXene, which approach can be extended to develop other electrochemical sensors.

High-performance capacitive humidity sensor based on flower-like SnS2/Ti3C2 MXene for respiration monitoring and non-contact sensing

Flexible humidity sensors with high sensitivity, fast response time, and excellent reliability have wide application potential in electronic skins, healthcare, and noncontact detection. In this study, novel 3D flower-like SnS2/Ti3C2 MXene nanocomposites are fabricated via an in-situ hydrothermal synthesis strategy. The nanostructural, morphological and compositional properties of the SnS2/Ti3C2 MXene composites illustrate the doping of Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets on the surface of SnS2 nanoflowers, which increases the adsorption sites for water molecules. The results of the humidity sensing experiments reveal that the capacitive response of SnS2/Ti3C2 MXene is optimal when the mass ratio of Ti3C2 MXene is 20 %. Moreover, the SnS2/Ti3C2 MXene composite film sensor has an ultrahigh capacitance response with an amplitude increase of three orders of magnitude compared with the pure SnS2 sensor, and a wide detection range of 7–93 % relative humidity. Complex impedance spectroscopy, bode diagrams and Schottky junction theory are employed to understand the potential sensing mechanisms of the SnS2/Ti3C2 MXene composite under various humidity conditions. With the highly sensitive and rapid humidity sensing capability, the prepared respiratory detection system could effectively monitor respiratory patterns, confirming its potential application in the field of medical health. Moreover, the non-contact sensing system prepared based on a 4 × 4 humidity sensor array can effectively monitor moisture distribution in the external environment.

Two-dimensional QDs-Co-CuS1-x/Ti3C2/TiO2 heterojunction with synergistic unsaturated bimetal sites and sulfur vacancies for highly selective photocatalytic CO2 reduction

The primary factors that determine the efficiency and selectivity of multi-electron photoreduction of CO2 include the chemical properties of the active sites, as well as the kinetics of charge separation and transfer. Herein, a novel two-dimensional QDs-Co-CuS1-x/Ti3C2/TiO2 heterojunction is developed, with Co-CuS1-x quantum dots serving as cocatalysts and Ti3C2 MXene as an effective electron transfer channel. The anchoring effect of Ti3C2 facilitates the formation of robust TiS bonds with Co-CuS1-x, thereby promoting efficient separation and transfer of photoelectrons to the Co-Cu bimetallic active sites. This process enhances the local electron density at these sites and accelerates the kinetics of electron transfer to absorbed CO2. The recyclability of the Co-Cu sites is also significantly enhanced by continuous photoelectron injection. Importantly, DFT calculations indicate that the synergistic dual sites involving highly exposed Co-Cu and S vacancies promote rate-determining step from COO* to COOH*, which may account for the highly selective photoreduction of CO2-to-CO. Benefitting from the synergic effects of the active sites and efficient separation of carriers, the optimized Co-CuS1-x/Ti3C2/TiO2 exhibits a satisfactory CO photoreduction rate of 30.8 µmol∙g−1∙h−1, with an excellent selectivity of 87.9 % and apparent quantum yield of 0.61 % in the absence of any sacrificial reagents, which is 6.5 times higher than Co-CuS1-x, 54.0 times than Ti3C2Tx/TiO2.

0D-1D-2D Multidimensional Heterostructure Films for High-Performance Flexible Microsupercapacitors.

Planar microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are of great value for flexible and wearable electronics. The rational design of electrode materials with rapid ionic kinetics and sufficient active site exposure is critical but challenging for realizing high-energy MSCs. Herein, we report the dot-tube-sheet multidimensional heterostructure films (MHFs) with versatile patterns by a simple mask-assisted strategy, consisting of 0D carbon dots (CDs), 1D carboxyl-carbon nanotubes (c-CNTs), and 2D Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets. Thanks to the high electrical conductivity, enlarged interlayer spacing, abundant porous channels, and excellent mechanical strength, the CDs/c-CNTs/Ti3C2 MHF electrodes deliver a remarkable areal capacitance of 1162.6 mF cm-2 at 0.8 mA cm-2 and prominent cycling stability (107.1% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles) in a 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. Moreover, the fabricated solid-state CDs/c-CNTs/Ti3C2 MSCs achieve a high energy density (11.1 mWh cm-2) and long-term cycling lifespan (102.1% capacitance retention after 8000 cycles), superior to those of state-of-the-art MSCs. The parallel and serial interconnected modular power sources highlight the potential for powering the actual energy consumption products.

Amino-grafted Ti3C2 MXene nano-sheets doped with zinc-phytic acid complex; An advance 2D-nanocarrier toward improving epoxy coating smart anti-corrosion performance

MXene's unique structure and properties endow it with new applications in corrosion studies, drawing the attention of material scientists. In the present study, the MXene sheets modified by 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) were utilized as carriers of zinc cations and phytic acid (Ph) (F-M@Zn-Ph) and then introduced into the epoxy coating for smart anti-corrosion application. Characterization tests such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), and zeta potential were carried out to validate the synthesis of F-M@Zn-Ph. The fabricated composite coatings' protective, and adhesion properties were studied by EIS, cathodic disbondment (CDT), salt spray (SST), and pull-off tests. Solution phase studies exhibited that the F-M@Zn-Ph sample inhibited mild steel corrosion up to 91 % during 48 h of immersion. Investigating the scratched coatings showed that the total resistance (RT) value for the F-M@Zn-Ph/EP sample enhanced by about 58 % compared to the Blank/EP during 48 h of immersion which denotes the self-healing properties of the coating. EIS results of the intact F-M@Zn-Ph/EP sample displayed the highest log|Z|0.01Hz value (10.83 Ω cm2) after 14 weeks of immersion. Along with the barrier properties improvement, the F-M@Zn-Ph/EP coating showed a small adhesion loss of 4 %.

Gas-specific adsorption capability of titanium dioxide and MXene nanocomposite thin films prepared by ultrasonic spray printing using inks oxidized at room temperature

The development of two-dimensional (2D) layered MXene materials has opened new possibilities for gas adsorption applications due to their high specific surface area, tunable surface chemistry, and excellent selectivity towards specific gases. These materials exhibit tremendous potential in adsorption-based gas separation and detection, particularly due to their strong interactions with target gas molecules, making them highly effective in gas removal and detection applications. However, currently available methods for synthesizing these oxidized nanocomposite inks are limited by the typically high temperatures involved. The present work addresses this issue by developing titanium dioxide and MXene (TiO2/Ti3C2 MXene) nanocomposite inks, where TiO2 nanoparticles are formed between the layers of the Ti3C2 MXene via oxidation in solution state under extended exposure in an oxygen rich atmosphere at room temperature. As a proof of concept, gas adsorption studies are conducted by applying the TiO2/Ti3C2 MXene nanocomposite inks onto gold-coated silicon wafers via an ultrasonic spray printing method. The gas adsorption results demonstrate that the TiO2/Ti3C2 MXene nanocomposites possess excellent adsorption selectivity toward methane and butane among alkane gases, and can achieve maximum adsorption capacities of 8.62 and 18.8 cm3/g, respectively. The results of ultrasonic spray printing quality tests conducted for different numbers of printed layers using the proposed TiO2/Ti3C2 MXene nanocomposite ink demonstrate that the film thickness can be regulated by controlling the number of printed layers, and the average thin film thickness remains only 0.313 μm for 10 printed layers. Meanwhile, the average roughness of the films resides between 0.130 μm (3 layers) and 0.220 μm (8 layers), which is uniformly and less than the average roughness of 0.225 μm measured for the original gold-plated silicon wafer. Hence, by employing facile ink-based printing techniques, such as ultrasonic spray printing, thin films with controlled thickness can be fabricated, thereby laying the foundation for their practical applications in environmental monitoring and industrial gas separation.

Constructing a novel Bi2MoO6/TiO2/Ti3C2 composite with efficient carrier separation for excellent photocatalytic purification of TC

Photocatalytic removal of tetracycline (TC) from wastewater is an advantageous method with green and efficient potentials, while the low light utilization and severe charge carrier recombination of conventional photocatalysts limit their practical application. The TiO2/Ti3C2 derived from in-situ partly oxidation of Ti3C2 MXene precursors on which Bi2MoO6 (BMO) was tightly loaded was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal synthesis route. The introducing TiO2/Ti3C2 accelerated the transfer of electrons, improving the efficiency of electron-hole separation, thus strengthened the photocatalytic performance. Under optimum conditions, the BMO/TiO2/Ti3C2 composite significantly removed 87.54 % TC from wastewater within 150 min, which was higher than the original counterparts and remained almost unchanged after four cycles. The active species trapping experiments and ESR analysis displayed that •O2- played a dominant role in TC degradation. The possible degradation pathways were also deduced through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis experiments, demonstrating that the terminal products of degradation were mainly CO2 and H2O, confirming the potential of BMO/TiO2/Ti3C2 photocatalyst for the environmentally friendly treatment of antibiotic pollutants in wastewater.

Construction of SrTiO3/Ti3C2/TiO2 Z-scheme derived from multilayer Ti3C2 MXene for efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting

Constructing a Z-scheme system is one of the promising approaches for facilitating the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers and obtaining the admirable photocatalytic activity. However, due to the similar material system and band alignment in type-II and Z-scheme, obtaining a favorable Z-scheme is a significant challenge. In this work, an in-situ construction of SrTiO3/Ti3C2/TiO2 Z-scheme is presented using a two-step hydrothermal method with multilayer Ti3C2 as the Ti source. This in-situ growth strategy, which utilizes the intrinsic Ti source of Ti3C2, enables the construction of the SrTiO3/Ti3C2/TiO2 Z-scheme through the enhanced interfacial ohmic contacts between SrTiO3, highly conductive Ti3C2 and TiO2 at the atomic level. The obtained SrTiO3/Ti3C2/TiO2 (SMT-3) sample shows a remarkable enhancement in photocatalytic overall water splitting performance compared with SMT-1 and SMT-10 samples. This work provides an alternative strategy for constructing a highly efficient Z-scheme for photocatalytic overall water splitting.

MoS2 stabilize Ti3C2 MXene for excellent catalytic effect of thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Ammonium perchlorate (AP), the most widely used oxidizer in energetic materials, is crucial for studying catalytic thermal decomposition. Newly discovered Ti3C2 MXene and MoS2 demonstrating promising prospects in the field of the pyrolysis catalyst in AP. In this study, we employed a hydrothermal method to anchor nano-sized MoS2 in situ on the surface of Ti3C2 MXene, leading to the fabrication of MoS2-Ti3C2 nanocomposites. Various characterizations indicated that MoS2 was attached to the surface and edges of Ti3C2, thereby enhancing the stability and conductivity. Results revealed that upon the addition of 4 wt% MoS2-Ti3C2, the low-temperature decomposition peak of AP reduced from 331.2 °C to 296.6 °C, while the high-temperature decomposition peak advanced from 427.5 °C to 387.1 °C, showing a superior catalytic effect compared to the individual MoS2 or Ti3C2. Additionally, the catalytic mechanism of MoS2-Ti3C2 on the thermal decomposition of AP may involve enhanced electrical conductivity, facilitating rapid proton transfer (H+), accelerated redox reactions, prompt release of gas products, and thereby expediting the progression of the decomposition reaction. Consequently, it can be anticipated that anchoring MoS2 on the surface of Ti3C2 represents an effective strategy for enhancing the catalytic activity of Ti3C2 MXene towards the thermal decomposition of AP.

Investigation of the chemiluminescence behavior of Ti3C2 MXene quantum dots as a sensing platform for uric acid

The current study explores the application of Ti3C2 MXene quantum dots (MQDs) as a chemiluminescent (CL) probe to determine uric acid (UA) in biological samples. The MQDs sensor was synthesized using ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal method and characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The presence of MQDs significantly enhances the ultra-weak Fe(II)–S2O82− CL system. Subsequently, quenching of the probe’s CL signal was observed in the presence of UA. Thus, the designed CL sensor offers an excellent analytical capability for determining UA in the 0.15–2.5 µM range, with a limit of detection of 0.093 µM. The method was effectively used to analyze UA in human serum and urine, yielding recovery rates between 94.4 % and 108.3 % with relative standard deviations (RSD) ranging from 1.9 % to 5.9 %.

Ti3C2Tx MXene/MoS2 hybrid nanocomposites for synergistic smart corrosion protection of epoxy coatings

MXene nanosheets have recently become a focus of research for corrosion protection due to their two-dimensional, sheet-like structure and distinct physicochemical characteristics. Nevertheless, their susceptibility to restacking and oxidation restricts their practical applications. To address this, the study proposes a custom hybrid structure by growing molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles on the Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets (MX/MS) to prevent oxidation and restacking. This innovative structural design is essential for corrosion-protective coatings, as the sheet-like configuration enhances the barrier properties. The manufacturing of the MX/MS nanoparticles was verified by their characterization employing field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The barrier properties and self-healing functions of the nanoparticle-filled epoxy coatings were evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and salt spray tests. The epoxy resin including 0.5 wt% MX/MS nanoparticles exhibited outstanding corrosion resistance, with an impedance value (|Z|0.01Hz) of 23.77 GΩ.cm2 after 70 days of immersion. After 48 h of immersion, the coatings also showed a high impedance value (log|Z|0.01Hz = 4.24) and excellent self-healing capabilities in the scratched areas. Additionally, after 42 days, the filled nanohybrid coatings showed the least amount of rust and corrosion product according to salt spray analysis. The results of cathodic delamination and pull-off tests indicated that in comparison to the neat epoxy (11 mm and 70 %), the filled coatings containing the synthesized nanofiller had the lowest cathodic delamination radius (1.7 mm) and lowest adhesion loss (46 %). This study highlights the effectiveness of Ti3C2/MoS2 hybrid in enhancing the anticorrosive performance of organic coatings, offering a novel approach for designing high-performance additives with promising applications in various fields requiring corrosion protection.

Enhancing the Photocatalytic Activity of Lead-Free Halide Perovskite Cs3Bi2I9 by Compositing with Ti3C2 MXene.

In recent years, halide perovskite materials have become widely used in solar cells, photovoltaics, and LEDs, as well as photocatalysis. Lead-free perovskite Cs3Bi2I9 has been demonstrated as an effective photocatalyst; however, the fast recombination of the photogenerated carriers hinders further improvements of its photocatalytic activity. In this work, Ti3C2 was composited with Cs3Bi2I9 to promote the transfer and separation of photogenerated carriers, and thus the pollutant degradation efficiency was effectively improved. The visible-light photocatalytic reduction of Cs3Bi2I9/Ti3C2 on rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), and malachite green (MG) was as high as 97.3%, 96%, and 98.8%, respectively, improvements of almost 31.2%, 37.8%, and 37.2% compared to that of sole Cs3Bi2I9. Our study provides a simple way to enhance the photocatalytic activity of lead-free halide perovskites.

Enhancing CO2 photoreduction efficiency with MXene-modified ZnO@Co3O4 double heterojunction

The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into energy carriers holds significant industrial appeal, but achieving this process kinetically remains challenging due to the lack of well-designed catalysts. This study presents a novel 2D/3D nanostructured photocatalyst, developed by attaching a few-layer Ti3C2 MXene to polyethylenimine (PEI)-modified ZnO@CO3O4 nanocages, which are derived from a bimetallic zinc-cobalt ZIF. The resulting Mx-PEI-ZnO@Co3O4 catalyst achieved impressive yields of CO and CH4 at 594.37 and 42.67 μmol g−1 h−1, respectively, without the need for sacrificial agents and photosensitizers, and maintained remarkable stability across multiple cycles. These yields represent the highest performance for ZnO-based catalysts to date, with quantum efficiency at 380 nm reached up to 25.06 %. The unique S-scheme and Schottky junctions, along with enhanced CO2 adsorption and hydrogen-bond interactions facilitated by the conductive PEI within the Ti3C2/ZnO/Co3O4 double heterojunctions, effectively inhibit electron-hole recombination and significantly enhance CO2 photoreduction performance. This study underscores the combined benefits of double heterojunction engineering, PEI-functionalized CO2 uptake, and MXene co-catalyst integration within a single system, proposing a new approach for designing highly efficient photocatalysts for solar-driven CO2 reduction in energy-efficient fuel production.

Polyaniline nanoparticles intercalated Ti3C2 MXene reinforced waterborne epoxy nanocomposites for electromagnetic wave absorption and anticorrosion coating applications

Ti3C2 MXene (TM) has great application potential in the field of wave absorption and corrosion resistance due to its unique performance, such as high specific surface area, high electrical conductivity, excellent mechanical and good chemical stability. However, it is difficult to obtain uniformly dispersed TM in the resin matrix due to rapid agglomeration behavior. It is difficult to obtain uniformly dispersed Ti3C2 MXene (TM) in the resin matrix due to rapid agglomeration behavior. Herein, a novel method is presented to improve the corrosion protection and dispersion of TM by polymerizing polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles between layers. The waterborne epoxy (WEP) coating with PANI-TM had high mechanical properties including impact resistance, adhesion, and flexibility and wear resistance. The PANI-TM-WEP composites can effectively absorb more than 90 % of the electromagnetic waves and demonstrate a decreased glass transition temperature of WEP from 128.0 to 107.6 ℃. Moreover, the |Z|0.01Hz value of the PANI-TM0.5 % was 1.2369 × 106 Ω·cm2, which was one order of magnitude larger than WEP coating. The high-performance anticorrosion of PANI intercalated TM coating is attributed to the synergistic effect of impermeable TM nanosheets and passivation effect of PANI. Therefore, PANI-TM is a potential choice for applications in the fields of anticorrosion and microwave absorption.

High Performance H2S Sensor Based on Ordered Fe2O3/Ti3C2 Nanostructure at Room Temperature.

The utilization of a heterogeneous nanojunction design has shown significant enhancements in the gas sensing capabilities of traditional metal oxide gas sensors. In this study, a novel room temperature H2S gas sensor employing Fe2O3 functionalized Ti3C2 MXene as the sensing material has been developed. This sensor exhibits a broad detection range (0.01-500 ppm), low detection limit (10 ppb), and rapid response/recovery times (10 s/15 s), making it ideal for ppb-level H2S detection. The exceptional gas sensitivity of Fe2O3/Ti3C2 composite to H2S can be attributed to several key factors. First, the unique layered frame structure of Fe2O3/Ti3C2 significantly amplifies the surface area of the hybrid material, enhancing the absorption and diffusion capabilities of H2S molecules. Second, the abundance of functional groups (-O, -OH, and -F) on the surface of Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets provides additional active sites for H2S adsorption, The density functional theory calculation confirms that the adsorption energy of the Fe2O3/Ti3C2 composite for H2S (-2.93 eV) is significantly lower than that of pure Fe2O3 (-2.37 eV) and Ti3C2 (-0.2 eV). Lastly, the remarkable metal conductivity of Ti3C2 MXene ensures efficient electron transfer, thereby enhancing overall sensing performance.